EP0876570B1 - Brenneroberfläche - Google Patents
Brenneroberfläche Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0876570B1 EP0876570B1 EP97900010A EP97900010A EP0876570B1 EP 0876570 B1 EP0876570 B1 EP 0876570B1 EP 97900010 A EP97900010 A EP 97900010A EP 97900010 A EP97900010 A EP 97900010A EP 0876570 B1 EP0876570 B1 EP 0876570B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- burner
- flame
- process according
- bores
- burner pipe
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
- F23D14/60—Devices for simultaneous control of gas and combustion air
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
- F23D14/48—Nozzles
- F23D14/58—Nozzles characterised by the shape or arrangement of the outlet or outlets from the nozzle, e.g. of annular configuration
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a procedure to reduce nitrogen oxides when burning gaseous or gaseous fuels a burner to carry out the process.
- Firing systems for gaseous fuels or gas / liquid fuel mixtures are criteria such as economy, such as optimal efficiency and especially reduction the emissions of pollutants, such as nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbons basically too fulfilling demands.
- US 3 061 001 describes a burner for gaseous Fuels arranged in the burner surface Flame holes, with at least a part of the holes in Shape of equilateral triangles is arranged.
- the task in of said US patent is that To prevent the flames from kicking back into the holes which is achieved on the one hand by the bores are largely filled with fuel mixture and on the other hand, by the burner surface by appropriate constructive measures is cooled. A reducing the Pollutants in the exhaust gases are not under discussion.
- a burner surface is proposed in US Pat. No. 3,936,003. in which the individual flame holes are so apart spaced that between the flames Exhaust gases or flue gases are sucked in by the flame root become.
- WO95 / 23315 also proposes the flame bores to be arranged in such a way that between the Flame exhaust gases or flue gases are sucked back to the flame roots become.
- special Conditions assumed by the ones proposed therein Process especially for highly reactive combustion gases suitable, such as for hydrogen / methane mixtures, containing more than 90% hydrogen.
- fuel mixtures are usually burned of conventional fuels in combustion plants.
- the object is achieved by means of a Method according to the wording of claim 1 solved.
- the burner surface can be selected appropriately fundamentally determine the flame formation in all details. This applies in particular to the phenomena of flame stability, Carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxide emissions.
- a fluid jet such as a gas / air mixture it comes from an opening like a pipe or hole to form a free jet. This sucks surrounding medium and mixes with it as below with reference shown in Figure 1.
- parallel free jets each other and it comes depending on the characteristic sizes of the beam, to a changed Characteristics of the suction.
- the basic idea of the present invention is therefore Mixing exhaust gas into the fuel / air mixture from the environment, resulting in a drastic reduction in education of nitrogen oxides. This eliminates the need by means of pipes, control mechanisms and Exhaust gases from a combustion chamber and the fuel gas or gas mixture before this above the burner surface is burned.
- trained method is a burner tube operated longitudinally displaceable.
- a burner comprises a burner tube, which is slidably mounted in its longitudinal direction.
- reaction kinetic Effects such as flame stability, pollutant formation, etc. consider.
- a system is understood as optimization by suitable variation of operating parameters and Bring geometry into a desired state. Since the Operating parameters largely due to the requirements the geometry must be varied.
- this object is achieved by means of the special Further development of the method according to the wording according to claim 4 solved.
- a burner tube which is longitudinally displaceable in the axial direction and is arranged from a combustion chamber, it is proposed that terminate in or on the cylindrical burner tube Cylinder base, axially and concentrically from this protruding, another burner tube with a smaller diameter is arranged is on the surface of the hole pattern according to the invention is arranged.
- Further preferred design variants of the The inventive method are in the dependent claims 5-9 characterized.
- the proposed method according to the invention or the Suitable burners are suitable for carrying out the method especially for surface burners.
- Figure 1 shows schematically two parallel free jets 5, at which are, for example, two ignited fluid jets can act. These are generated by a gaseous Fuel through flame holes 3 on a burner surface 1 entered into a combustion chamber 2 for combustion become. In particular at the flame root 7 by the gas flowing into the combustion chamber 2 ambient gases into the The fuel-gas mixture is sucked in and mixed with it. So that the mixing of the exhaust gases from the environment according to the invention done in the best possible way, a Burner surface preferably shown according to a hole pattern in Fig. 2, formed.
- Figure 2 shows a burner surface 1, comprising a plurality of flame holes or individual holes 3, which so are arranged so that each hole is direct to each of its Neighbor holes an identical, preferably corresponding an equilateral triangle, or approximately the same distance has.
- the distance between the holes is designated “a” in FIG. 2, the diameter of the holes with "D”.
- u speed of the flowing out of the hole
- ⁇ kinematic Viscosity of the medium.
- the present invention only uses the optimal design of the burner surface (hole arrangement) for exhaust gas circulation, as already mentioned at the beginning.
- the following equilateral triangles or similar patterns with the following parameters have proven to be advantageous for the optimal configuration of the hole pattern arrangement of the burner surface of a low-radiation surface burner: 1.5 ⁇ a / D ⁇ 6 [-] 3 ⁇ D ⁇ 10 [mm]
- Preferred parameter values are the values a / D of 2 up to 4 resp. from 2.2 to 3.5, while the value for Diameter D depends on the performance of the burner.
- a burner tube 4 is shown in section, comprising on the one hand a burner surface 1 with the inventive proposed hole pattern, as well as with an additional Arrangement for the design of a so-called base load level.
- the burner tube 4 designed according to the invention can be moved in the axial direction (arrow) on the Combustion chamber wall 21 into the combustion chamber or out of the combustion chamber 2 are moved.
- the power modulation range thus generated leads to a combustion chamber, which in extreme cases by one Order of magnitude is oversized. Especially in that Case where the burner tube is largely out of the combustion chamber 2 is withdrawn, this leads to a flame design, which is far from the optimum because the flame does not experience any stabilizing effects from the combustion chamber. For this reason, a so-called.
- Base load level suggested which of the flame is the one at their Stabilization provides the necessary "combustion chamber” and so the Enables combustion optimization.
- proposed combustion chamber of the flames in the small power range is arranged on the front of the burner tube 4 and with designated by the reference numeral 18.
- This combustion chamber 18 of the Base load level is formed by an additional one Another burner tube arranged on the front of the burner tube 4 24, on its burner surface 26 in turn flame bores or perforations 28 according to the proposed inventive Hole patterns are arranged.
- These holes 28 preferably have a smaller diameter D. than the diameter of the holes 3 in the surface 1 of the Burner tube 4.
- a lower axial limit 25 is proposed, which is advantageously made of a material which glows.
- the upper material is preferably made of the same material ring-shaped boundary 31 made which is ring-shaped axially around the further burner tube 24, the front Covering the surface of the cylinder bottom of the burner tube 4, is arranged.
- the power range is located on the burner tube 4 and is moved. So there is no relative movement of Burner and combustion chamber in the smallest output range.
- the Size of the base load level can vary from approx. 5-30% of the full load extend, preferably 5-10%.
- the formation of the burner surface the further burner tube 24 or the so-called.
- Base load level is done using the same as described above Pattern, which is also used for the main burner surface 1 becomes.
- the parameter selection of the pattern a / D, D can for base load and main burner surface are different.
- the upper and lower limits of the base load level advantageously consists of a glowable material, is achieved at all times, even if the Flame extinguished locally or transiently (typical phenomenon turbulent flames), the gas flowing past is heated and is ignited again. This enables approximately one of Carbon monoxide free operation, even with base load.
- the advantage of the design of a burner according to the invention 3 lies in ensuring the optimization flame formation in all power modulation areas and thereby maintaining extremely small emissions of Carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides. This also makes it possible a burner with a proposed according to the invention To provide burner surface and with different Operate performance without being more optimal for ensuring Emission values the size of the combustion chamber is considerable or that optimal emission values even with oversized Combustion chambers are possible.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Gas Burners (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
- Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
- Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
Description
- Fig. 1
- schematisch im Schnitt parallele Freistrahlen, wie sie in der Regel bei der Verbrennung von gasförmigen Brennstoffen ausgebildet sind,
- Fig. 2
- ein vorgeschlagenes Lochmuster an einer Brenneroberfläche, und
- Fig. 3
- im Schnitt eine Ausführungsvariante eines erfindungsgemässen Brennerrohres, umfassend ein Zusatzbrennerrohr für das Betreiben einer sog. Grundlaststufe.
- Däq =
- äquivalenter (Vergleichs-)Durchmesser
- A2 =
- Querschnittsfläche des Einzellochs
Claims (11)
- Verfahren zum Reduzieren der Stickoxyde beim Verbrennen eines gasförmigen oder gasförmig/ flüssigen Brennstoffes bzw. Brennstoffgemisches an einer Brenndüse bzw. einem Brennerrohr mit Flammenbohrungen, wobei die entzündeten Fluidstrahlen derart zueinander beabstandet angeordnet sind, dass Umgebungsmedium, beinhaltend Abgase bzw. Rauchgase im Bereich der Flammenwurzel angesaugt wird, um die Temperatur der Flamme zu reduzieren, wobei wenigstens ein Teil der Flammenbohrungen in Form gleichseitiger Dreiecke angeordnet ist, der Durchmesser (D) der Flammenbohrungen in einem Wertebereich von 3-10mm liegt und das Verhältnis Abstand (a) der Bohrungen zueinander zum Bohrungsdurchmesser (D), d. h. das Verhältnis (a/D) in einem Bereich von 2 bis 4 liegt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein im wesentlichen zylinderförmiges Brennerrohr betrieben wird, mit in der Zylinderwandung angeordneten Flammenbohrungen.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Brennerrohr in Axialrichtung längsverschieblich betrieben wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Brennerrohr als Hauptbrenner betrieben wird und dass in bzw. am das zylindrische Brennerrohr abschliessenden Zylinderboden von diesem vorstehend konzentrisch ein weiteres Brennerrohr mit kleinerem Durchmesser betrieben wird zur Bildung einer sog. Grundlaststufe.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 2-4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verhältnis (a/ D) der im weiteren Brennerrohr bzw. in der Grundlaststufe angeordneten Flammenbohrungen in demselben Wertebereich liegt, wie das Verhältnis (a/ D) der Hauptbrenneroberfläche bzw. der Oberfläche des Brennerrohres.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 2-5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Durchmesser (D) der Bohrungen im weiteren Brennerrohr bzw. der Grundlaststufe kleiner ist als derjenige der Bohrungen in der Hauptbrenneroberfläche.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 2-6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das weitere Brennerrohr bzw. die Grundlaststufe zylindrisch ausgebildet ist mit einem frontseitigen Abschlussboden bzw. einer frontseitigen Begrenzung, welche radial über die Zylinderwandung vorstehend ausgebildet ist, mit einem Durchmesser in etwa entsprechend dem Durchmesser des Brennerrohres bzw. des Hauptbrenners, und dass an der freien Oberfläche des Zylinderbodens des Hauptbrenners bzw. Brennerrohres, diese Oberfläche überdeckend eine ringförmige Wandung angeordnet ist, wobei Abschlussboden und ringförmige Wandung vorzugsweise aus einem Material gefertigt sind, das bei Brennerbetrieb glüht, wie beispielsweise Stahlblech Keramik und dgl.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1-7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ursprünglich durch die Flammenbohrung gelangendes weitgehendst reines Brenngas/ Luftgemisch ab dem Bereich der Flammenwurzel mit weitgehendst Sauerstoff-freiem Medium vermischt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1-8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Brennerrohr zum Steuern der aktiven Brennerfläche in axialer Richtung in oder aus einem Brennraum gekennzeichnet, dass das Brennerrohr zum Steuern der aktiven Brennerfläche in axialer Richtung in oder aus einem Brennraum bzw. Heizraum bewegt wird, wobei bei Grundlast das Brennerrohr bis maximal zum Zylinderabschlussboden aus dem Brenn- bzw. Heizraum bewegt wird, und im somit kleinsten Leistungsbereich die Verbrennung der Brennstoffe nur mittels des frontseitig vorstehenden weiteren Brennerrohres bzw. der Grundlaststufe erfolgt.
- Brenner für die Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1-9, wobei wenigstens ein Teil der Flammenbohrungen in Form gleichseitiger Dreiecke angeordnet ist, das Verhältnis Abstand (a) der Bohrungen zueinander zum Bohrungsdurchmesser (D), d. h. das Verhältnis (a/D) einen Wert in einem Bereich von 2- 4 aufweist, und der Durchmesser (D) der Flammenbohrungen in einem Wertebereich von 3-10 mm liegt.
- Brenner nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verhältnis 8 (a/ D) einen Wertebereich von 2,2-3,5 aufweist.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH203/96 | 1996-01-26 | ||
CH20396 | 1996-01-26 | ||
CH20396 | 1996-01-26 | ||
PCT/CH1997/000004 WO1997027428A1 (de) | 1996-01-26 | 1997-01-07 | Brenneroberfläche |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0876570A1 EP0876570A1 (de) | 1998-11-11 |
EP0876570B1 true EP0876570B1 (de) | 2002-07-03 |
Family
ID=4181608
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97900010A Expired - Lifetime EP0876570B1 (de) | 1996-01-26 | 1997-01-07 | Brenneroberfläche |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0876570B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2000503381A (de) |
AT (1) | ATE220189T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU1137697A (de) |
CA (1) | CA2244103A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE59707649D1 (de) |
DK (1) | DK0876570T3 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2180020T3 (de) |
NO (1) | NO315483B1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1997027428A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR101817371B1 (ko) | 2009-12-11 | 2018-01-11 | 베카에르트 컴버스천 테크놀러지 비.브이. | 다공도가 낮은 버너 데크를 구비한 버너 |
JP6088354B2 (ja) * | 2013-05-20 | 2017-03-01 | 公立大学法人首都大学東京 | ガス燃焼器の設計方法 |
JP6331662B2 (ja) * | 2014-05-07 | 2018-05-30 | 三浦工業株式会社 | ガスバーナ |
NL2020282B1 (nl) * | 2018-01-17 | 2019-07-25 | Atag Heating B V | Branderplaat voor een cv-ketel |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3061001A (en) * | 1958-09-12 | 1962-10-30 | Zink Co John | Gaseous fuel burner |
US3936003A (en) * | 1973-12-03 | 1976-02-03 | Raytheon Company | Multiport high density burner |
CH676743A5 (de) * | 1985-04-11 | 1991-02-28 | Ygnis Sa | |
NL9400280A (nl) * | 1994-02-23 | 1995-10-02 | Stichting Energie | Werkwijze voor de verbranding van hoogreaktieve gasvormige lucht/brandstof-mengsels en branderinrichting voor het uitvoeren van deze werkwijze. |
-
1997
- 1997-01-07 AU AU11376/97A patent/AU1137697A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-01-07 WO PCT/CH1997/000004 patent/WO1997027428A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1997-01-07 CA CA002244103A patent/CA2244103A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-01-07 DE DE59707649T patent/DE59707649D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-01-07 EP EP97900010A patent/EP0876570B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-01-07 DK DK97900010T patent/DK0876570T3/da active
- 1997-01-07 AT AT97900010T patent/ATE220189T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-01-07 ES ES97900010T patent/ES2180020T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-01-07 JP JP9526383A patent/JP2000503381A/ja not_active Ceased
-
1998
- 1998-07-21 NO NO19983361A patent/NO315483B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NO983361L (no) | 1998-07-21 |
AU1137697A (en) | 1997-08-20 |
NO315483B1 (no) | 2003-09-08 |
CA2244103A1 (en) | 1997-07-31 |
EP0876570A1 (de) | 1998-11-11 |
DK0876570T3 (da) | 2002-11-04 |
NO983361D0 (no) | 1998-07-21 |
WO1997027428A1 (de) | 1997-07-31 |
ATE220189T1 (de) | 2002-07-15 |
ES2180020T3 (es) | 2003-02-01 |
JP2000503381A (ja) | 2000-03-21 |
DE59707649D1 (de) | 2002-08-08 |
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