EP0859648B1 - Device for automatically stopping the fall of personnel working high above ground - Google Patents

Device for automatically stopping the fall of personnel working high above ground Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0859648B1
EP0859648B1 EP97933737A EP97933737A EP0859648B1 EP 0859648 B1 EP0859648 B1 EP 0859648B1 EP 97933737 A EP97933737 A EP 97933737A EP 97933737 A EP97933737 A EP 97933737A EP 0859648 B1 EP0859648 B1 EP 0859648B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cam
clamping
roller
lever
sense
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP97933737A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0859648A1 (en
Inventor
Guido Gortan
Maksimiljan Cencic
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Tractel SAS
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Tractel SAS
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B1/00—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like
    • A62B1/06—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices
    • A62B1/14—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices with brakes sliding on the rope

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device personal fall protection and more in particular, a device designed to stop automatically the fall of a person working in height.
  • the patent of the United States of America No. 4923037 describes an anti-fall arrest device at automatic operation, mobile along a support vertical.
  • This device includes a mounted gear to rotate in its housing, which is articulated to the interior of an exterior dwelling and is constrained elastically in the direction applying the gear against the support passing through a vertical channel provided at the front of the exterior housing.
  • the gear wheel is rotated by its friction thereon. If the rate of descent of the device along the support reaches a predetermined value, the speed of corresponding rotation of the toothed wheel triggers a centrifugal clutch mechanism that stops rotation of the gear wheel.
  • the friction between the support and the immobilized gear wheel then causes the pivoting of the housing thereof in the direction which ensures the tightening of the support between the toothed wheel and the external housing and blocking the device on the support.
  • the system centrifugal clutch which acts as a trigger automatic clamping, is an expensive and fragile, sensitive to dust.
  • This device due to the lightness of the roller clamp which can go up along the ramp guidance due to jolts or vibrations, is poorly controlled operating sensitivity and is susceptible to erratic operations.
  • the object of the present invention is to realize an automatic fall arrest device avoiding the above mentioned disadvantages of known devices and having the advantages of simplicity, robustness and improved efficiency.
  • the stop device automatic fall which slides without operation additional on a belay support fixed at a point located above said device to which is connected the user or a load, is of the type comprising a clamping device for the belay support and a member detector of an acceleration or speed threshold of scrolling of the belay support relative to the device.
  • the organ detector consisting of a roller or a rotating member equivalent, and the clamping member being distinct
  • the detector member is mounted on the clamping member and drives it in the direction of tightening under the effect of a resistant torque of determined level opposing the rotation of the roller and partially joining the roller and the clamping member, said resistant torque being generated by a means fixed on the clamping member and acting from a determined speed threshold or of acceleration of the belay support in the device.
  • the means generating the resistant torque consists of a friction shoe, applied against the roller under the effect of a spring resting on the clamping member and generating a resistant torque increasing with the speed of the support in the device up to a threshold higher than a resistant torque cam antagonist.
  • the clamping member can be constituted by a self-locking pivoting cam with the support belay device, on which the detector roller is located so as to be in cooperative contact with the support for a determined position of the cam in the absence a tightening stress applied thereto, and so as to leave this contact as soon as the cam starts its clamping action.
  • the center of gravity of the cam is placed with respect to the axis of rotation thereof so as to request this cam, in association with its mass, in the direction of its loosening in the absence of a given acceleration of the device down, and at request the said cam in the opposite direction in the presence of such an acceleration, starting from a threshold of this, to initiate the clamping action.
  • the device comprises a load actuating lever cooperating so unidirectional with the cam by a stop, so this cam cannot be actuated by this lever only in the direction causing the tightening.
  • a connecting spring mounted on the hinge pin common to lever and cam has two ends one of which applies at a point in the housing of device and the other applies to the cam so the stress in rotation in the direction of loosening of so as to apply it constantly in contact with the lever in the absence of a positive action to immobilize this one in high position simultaneously with a phenomenon causing the cam to tighten.
  • the mass of the cam, associated with positioning of its center of gravity is calculated from so as to neutralize the action of the spring to operate a tightening movement under acceleration determined, down, of the entire device.
  • the actuation lever is configured and positioned so that it can activate or support the cam over its entire tightening stroke up to complete blocking of the rope.
  • the device automatic shutdown generally designated as 1 is intended for tightening a vertical belay rope 2 which crosses.
  • Rope 2 is attached at its end upper, and it is provided with a ballast (not shown) at its lower end.
  • the device 1 comprises a housing consisting of two side plates 3 (only one of which is visible in the drawing) connected by spacers 4, of a front wall 5 and a rear wall 6.
  • cam clamp 7 mounted to pivot around an axis horizontal 8 carried by the flanges 3.
  • cam 7 Towards its part front, cam 7 has an arcuate clamping surface 9 and it has, at its upper front part, a detection roller 10 mounted idly on a transverse axis 11 carried by the cam 7.
  • a bent lever 15, articulated in its part intermediate around axis 8, has an arm which protrudes through a slot 16 in the rear wall 6, while the end 17 of its other arm is used, in the high position of the lever 15 in abutment against the wall 6 (as shown in Figure 1), stop for the cam 7 in the release position.
  • roller 10 on the cam 7 is provided so that in this cam stop position against the lever 15, the roller 10 comes into contact with the rope 2.
  • Cam 7 is such that its center of gravity is placed relative to the axis of rotation 8 of so as to urge this cam in the direction of its loosening in the absence of a given acceleration of the device down, and to solicit this cam in the opposite direction by inertia in the presence of such a acceleration from a determined threshold thereof while neutralizing the action of the spring 14.
  • the arm of the lever 15 which crosses the slot 16 has at its end an opening 18 for hooking the carabiner (not shown) to a lanyard associated with a worker.
  • lever 15 does not control the displacement of the cam 7, by stop, only in the direction of Tightening. This avoids any untimely action by loosening by an awkward or untimely maneuver of this lever.
  • Cam 7, as indicated above, is in its loose position, pressing against the abutment part 17 of the lever 15, itself in abutment against the wall 6, under the combined effect of the mass of the cam and the spring 14.
  • the device 1 then slides freely along the safety rope 2, towards the up or down, depending on the displacement of the user, by rotating the roller 10.
  • a lever locking device 15 in position blocking constituted for example by a ratchet 19 articulated in 20 on the case and engaging the face rear of lever 15, keeps cam 7 in its rope locking position 2, doing so parking brake office.
  • the device housing includes a means opening (not shown in the drawing), such as the closed position of the case is locked by two separate organs, requiring the intervention of two successive voluntary operations to open this housing.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)

Description

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de protection individuelle anti-chute et, plus particulièrement, un dispositif conçu pour arrêter automatiquement la chute d'une personne travaillant en hauteur.The present invention relates to a device personal fall protection and more in particular, a device designed to stop automatically the fall of a person working in height.

On connait des dispositifs de protection individuelle anti-chute coulissant sur un support, par exemple une corde, orienté verticalement et fixé à sa partie supérieure.We know protective devices individual fall protection sliding on a support, for example a rope, oriented vertically and fixed to its the top part.

Ces dispositifs sont reliés par une longe à l'opérateur qu'ils sont destinés à protéger d'une chute.These devices are connected by a lanyard to the operator they are intended to protect from a fall.

A cet effet, ils sont conçus de façon à coulisser vers le haut et vers le bas le long du support, et à se bloquer sur celui-ci en cas de chute de l'opérateur.To this end, they are designed to slide up and down along the support, and to hang on it in the event of a fall the operator.

Il existe des modèles plus ou moins compliqués de tels dispositifs, entraínant une action de serrage d'un organe sur le support sous l'effet dynamique créé par la chute de l'opérateur relié au dispositif.There are more or less models complicated such devices, causing an action of tightening of an organ on the support under the effect dynamic created by the fall of the operator connected to the device.

Les modèles les plus perfectionnés présentent l'inconvénient de comporter des pièces fragiles et nombreuses. Dans l'ensemble ces dispositifs nécessitent une vigilance constante sur leur état de propreté car ils sont sensibles à la présence de débris et de poussières qui nuisent à l'efficacité de leur fonctionnement. The most advanced models have the disadvantage of having parts fragile and numerous. Overall these devices require constant vigilance on their condition clean because they are sensitive to the presence of debris and dust that affect the effectiveness of their operation.

Le brevet des Etats-Unis d'Amérique N° 4923037 décrit un dispositif d'arrêt anti-chute à fonctionnement automatique, mobile le long d'un support vertical. Ce dispositif comprend une roue dentée montée pour tourner dans son logement, lequel est articulé à l'intérieur d'un logement extérieur et est contraint élastiquement dans le sens appliquant la roue dentée contre le support passant dans un canal vertical ménagé à la partie avant du logement extérieur. Lorsque le dispositif se déplace le long du support, la roue dentée est entraínée en rotation par sa friction sur celui-ci. Si la vitesse de descente du dispositif le long du support atteint une valeur prédéterminée, la vitesse de rotation correspondante de la roue dentée déclenche un mécanisme d'embrayage centrifuge qui stoppe la rotation de la roue dentée. La friction entre le support et la roue dentée immobilisée entraíne alors un pivotement du logement de celle-ci dans le sens qui assure le serrage du support entre la roue dentée et le logement extérieur et le blocage du dispositif sur le support.The patent of the United States of America No. 4923037 describes an anti-fall arrest device at automatic operation, mobile along a support vertical. This device includes a mounted gear to rotate in its housing, which is articulated to the interior of an exterior dwelling and is constrained elastically in the direction applying the gear against the support passing through a vertical channel provided at the front of the exterior housing. When the device moves along the support, the gear wheel is rotated by its friction thereon. If the rate of descent of the device along the support reaches a predetermined value, the speed of corresponding rotation of the toothed wheel triggers a centrifugal clutch mechanism that stops rotation of the gear wheel. The friction between the support and the immobilized gear wheel then causes the pivoting of the housing thereof in the direction which ensures the tightening of the support between the toothed wheel and the external housing and blocking the device on the support.

Dans ce dispositif, où la roue dentée sert à la fois de détecteur de la vitesse de déplacement du dispositif et d'organe de serrage, le système d'embrayage centrifuge, qui joue le rôle de déclencheur du serrage automatique, est un organe coûteux et fragile, sensible aux poussières.In this device, where the gear is used to the travel speed detector times the clamping device and organ, the system centrifugal clutch, which acts as a trigger automatic clamping, is an expensive and fragile, sensitive to dust.

Par la demande de brevet français publiée sous le N° 2574511, on connait aussi un dispositif de serrage automatique sur une corde de sécurité. Ce dispositif comprend un galet mobile le long d'une rampe entre une position inférieure de repos dans laquelle il est écarté de la corde de sécurité et une position supérieure dans laquelle il serre la corde pour bloquer le dispositif sur celle-ci. Un levier, auquel est accrochée la longe reliée à l'utilisateur, engage le galet mobile sous l'effet dynamique d'une chute de l'utilisateur, pour l'amener dans sa position de serrage. By the published French patent application under N ° 2574511, there is also a device for automatic tightening on a safety rope. This device includes a roller movable along a ramp between a lower rest position in which it is removed from the lifeline and a position upper in which he tightens the rope to block the device on it. A lever, to which is attached to the lanyard connected to the user, engages the mobile roller under the dynamic effect of a fall of the user, to bring it into its position of Tightening.

Ce dispositif, de par la légèreté du galet de serrage qui peut monter le long de la rampe de guidage sous l'effet d'à-coups ou de vibrations, est d'une sensibilité de fonctionnement mal contrôlée et est susceptible de fonctionnements erratiques.This device, due to the lightness of the roller clamp which can go up along the ramp guidance due to jolts or vibrations, is poorly controlled operating sensitivity and is susceptible to erratic operations.

La présente invention a pour objet de réaliser un dispositif d'arrêt automatique de chute évitant les inconvénients mentionnés ci-dessus des dispositifs connus et présentant les avantages de simplicité, de robustesse et d'efficacité améliorée.The object of the present invention is to realize an automatic fall arrest device avoiding the above mentioned disadvantages of known devices and having the advantages of simplicity, robustness and improved efficiency.

A cette fin, le dispositif est réalisé par un petit nombre de pièces de formes simples, qui coopèrent entre elles pour mettre en oeuvre simultanément trois modes de déclenchement de l'effet de serrage sur le support :

  • par accélération d'un organe détecteur situé sur l'organe de serrage et qui en amorce le mouvement de serrage,
  • par la réalisation de l'organe de serrage sous la forme d'une came de serrage montée de façon que la position de son centre de gravité par rapport à son axe de rotation provoque un effet inertiel, en cas de sollicitation brusque du dispositif vers le bas, qui entraíne le mouvement serreur de la came,
  • par l'action d'un levier sous l'effet de la charge.
To this end, the device is produced by a small number of parts of simple shapes, which cooperate with one another to simultaneously implement three modes of triggering the clamping effect on the support:
  • by acceleration of a detector member located on the clamping member and which initiates the clamping movement,
  • by producing the clamping member in the form of a clamping cam mounted so that the position of its center of gravity with respect to its axis of rotation causes an inertial effect, in the event of sudden loading of the device towards the bottom, which causes the cam movement to fail,
  • by the action of a lever under the effect of the load.

Selon l'invention, le dispositif d'arrêt automatique de chute, qui coulisse sans opération supplémentaire sur un support d'assurage fixé à un point situé au-dessus du dit dispositif auquel est relié l'utilisateur ou une charge, est du type comportant un organe de serrage du support d'assurage et un organe détecteur d'un seuil d'accélération ou de vitesse de défilement du support d'assurage par rapport au dispositif. Il se caractérise en ce que l'organe détecteur, constitué par un galet ou un organe rotatif équivalent, et l'organe de serrage étant distincts, l'organe détecteur est monté sur l'organe de serrage et cntraine celui-ci dans le sens du serrage sous l'effet d'un couple résistant de niveau déterminé s'opposant à la rotation du galet et solidarisant partiellement le galet et l'organe de serrage, le dit couple résistant étant engendré par un moyen fixé sur l'organe de serrage et agissant à partir d'un seuil déterminé de vitesse ou d'accélération du support d'assurage dans le dispositif.According to the invention, the stop device automatic fall, which slides without operation additional on a belay support fixed at a point located above said device to which is connected the user or a load, is of the type comprising a clamping device for the belay support and a member detector of an acceleration or speed threshold of scrolling of the belay support relative to the device. It is characterized in that the organ detector, consisting of a roller or a rotating member equivalent, and the clamping member being distinct, the detector member is mounted on the clamping member and drives it in the direction of tightening under the effect of a resistant torque of determined level opposing the rotation of the roller and partially joining the roller and the clamping member, said resistant torque being generated by a means fixed on the clamping member and acting from a determined speed threshold or of acceleration of the belay support in the device.

Avantageusement, le moyen engendrant le couple résistant est constitué par un frotteur, appliqué contre le galet sous l'effet d'un ressort s'appuyant sur l'organe de serrage et engendrant un couple résistant croissant avec la vitesse du support dans le dispositif jusqu'à un seuil supérieur à un couple résistant antagoniste de la came.Advantageously, the means generating the resistant torque consists of a friction shoe, applied against the roller under the effect of a spring resting on the clamping member and generating a resistant torque increasing with the speed of the support in the device up to a threshold higher than a resistant torque cam antagonist.

L'organe de serrage peut être constitué par une came pivotante à effet d'autoserrage avec le support d'assurage, sur laquelle le galet détecteur est situé de façon à être en contact de coopération avec le support pour une position déterminée de la came en l'absence d'une sollicitation de serrage appliquée à celle-ci, et de façon à quitter ce contact dès que la came amorce son action de serrage.The clamping member can be constituted by a self-locking pivoting cam with the support belay device, on which the detector roller is located so as to be in cooperative contact with the support for a determined position of the cam in the absence a tightening stress applied thereto, and so as to leave this contact as soon as the cam starts its clamping action.

Le centre de gravité de la came est placé par rapport à l'axe de rotation de celle-ci de façon à solliciter cette came, en association avec sa masse, dans le sens de son desserrage en l'absence d'une accélération donnée du dispositif vers le bas, et à solliciter la dite came dans le sens inverse en présence d'une telle accélération, à partir d'un seuil de celle-ci, pour engager l'action de serrage.The center of gravity of the cam is placed with respect to the axis of rotation thereof so as to request this cam, in association with its mass, in the direction of its loosening in the absence of a given acceleration of the device down, and at request the said cam in the opposite direction in the presence of such an acceleration, starting from a threshold of this, to initiate the clamping action.

Selon l'invention, pour réaliser le troisième effet de serrage, le dispositif comporte un levier d'actionnement par la charge qui coopère de façon unidirectionnelle avec la came par une butée, de sorte que cette came ne puisse être actionnée par ce levier que dans le sens provoquant le serrage.According to the invention, to achieve the third clamping effect, the device comprises a load actuating lever cooperating so unidirectional with the cam by a stop, so this cam cannot be actuated by this lever only in the direction causing the tightening.

Selon un mode de réalisation préférentiel, un ressort de liaison monté sur l'axe d'articulation commun au levier et à la came comporte deux extrémités dont l'une s'applique en un point du boítier du dispositif et l'autre s'applique à la came de façon à la solliciter en rotation dans le sens du desserrage de manière à l'appliquer constamment au contact du levier en l'absence d'une action positive d'immobilisation de celui-ci en position haute simultanément avec un phénomène entraínant la came en serrage.According to a preferred embodiment, a connecting spring mounted on the hinge pin common to lever and cam has two ends one of which applies at a point in the housing of device and the other applies to the cam so the stress in rotation in the direction of loosening of so as to apply it constantly in contact with the lever in the absence of a positive action to immobilize this one in high position simultaneously with a phenomenon causing the cam to tighten.

La masse de la came, associée au positionnement de son centre de gravité est calculée de façon à neutraliser l'action du ressort pour opérer un mouvement de serrage sous l'effet d'une accélération déterminée, vers le bas, de l'ensemble du dispositif.The mass of the cam, associated with positioning of its center of gravity is calculated from so as to neutralize the action of the spring to operate a tightening movement under acceleration determined, down, of the entire device.

Dans tous les cas, l'amorçage de la rotation de la came dans le sens du serrage entraíne la continuation automatique du mouvement de serrage par la configuration de la face en coopération avec le cordage, provoquant un phénomène d'autoserrage jusqu'au blocage complet.In all cases, the initiation of the rotation of the cam in the direction of tightening causes the automatic continuation of the clamping movement by the configuration of the face in cooperation with the rope, causing a self-tightening phenomenon until blocking full.

Le levier d'actionnement est configuré et positionné de façon à pouvoir actionner ou accompagner la came sur la totalité de sa course de serrage jusqu'au blocage complet du cordage.The actuation lever is configured and positioned so that it can activate or support the cam over its entire tightening stroke up to complete blocking of the rope.

Pour bien faire comprendre le dispositif selon l'invention, on en décrira ci-après, à titre d'exemple sans caractère limitatif, une forme d'exécution préférée en référence au dessin schématique annexé dans lequel :

  • la figure 1 est une vue de côté, partiellement en coupe verticale, d'un dispositif d'arrêt automatique selon la présente invention, représenté dans sa position de repos permettant son déplacement le long d'une corde d'assurage,
  • la figure 2 est une vue du dispositif de la fugure 1 dans sa position d'arrêt, après déclenchement du serrage par déplacement du levier pivotant ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue du dispositif de la figure 1 dans sa position d'arrêt, sans que le déclenchement du serrage ait été commandé par le levier ; et
  • la figure 4 est une vue analogue à la figure 2, mais montrant le dispositif verrouillé en position d'arrêt manuel volontaire (parking).
    • To clearly understand the device according to the invention, there will be described below, by way of example without limitation, a preferred embodiment with reference to the attached schematic drawing in which:
  • FIG. 1 is a side view, partially in vertical section, of an automatic stop device according to the present invention, shown in its rest position allowing it to move along a belay rope,
  • Figure 2 is a view of the device of the fugure 1 in its stopped position, after triggering the tightening by movement of the pivoting lever;
  • Figure 3 is a view of the device of Figure 1 in its stopped position, without the triggering of the tightening has been controlled by the lever; and
  • Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 2, but showing the device locked in the voluntary manual stop position (parking).

    • En référence au dessin, le dispositif d'arrêt automatique désigné de façon générale en 1 est destiné à serrer une corde d'assurage verticale 2 qui le traverse. La corde 2 est fixée à son extrémité supérieure, et elle est pourvue d'un lest (non représenté) à son extrémité inférieure.With reference to the drawing, the device automatic shutdown generally designated as 1 is intended for tightening a vertical belay rope 2 which crosses. Rope 2 is attached at its end upper, and it is provided with a ballast (not shown) at its lower end.

    Le dispositif 1 comporte un boítier constitué de deux flasques latéraux 3 (dont un seul est visible au dessin) reliés par des entretoises 4, d'une paroi frontale 5 et d'une paroi arrière 6.The device 1 comprises a housing consisting of two side plates 3 (only one of which is visible in the drawing) connected by spacers 4, of a front wall 5 and a rear wall 6.

    A l'intérieur du boítier est logée une came de serrage 7 montée pour pivoter autour d'un axe horizontal 8 porté par les flasques 3. Vers sa partie avant, la came 7 présente une surface de serrage arquée 9 et elle comporte, à sa partie supérieure avant, un galet de détection 10 monté fou sur un axe transversal 11 porté par la came 7.Inside the housing is housed a cam clamp 7 mounted to pivot around an axis horizontal 8 carried by the flanges 3. Towards its part front, cam 7 has an arcuate clamping surface 9 and it has, at its upper front part, a detection roller 10 mounted idly on a transverse axis 11 carried by the cam 7.

    Dans l'espace ménagé entre la face intérieure de la paroi frontale 5 et l'extrémité avant de la came 7 circule la corde d'assurage 2 dont le mouvement relatif avec le dispositif 1 entraíne en rotation le galet détecteur 10. La rotation du galet 10 est freinée par un frotteur 12 qui engage la périphérie de ce galet sous la contrainte d'un ressort 13 appuyant sur le corps de la came 7. La force du ressort 13 est choisie de façon à appliquer au galet 10, à partir d'un seuil déterminé de la vitesse de rotation du galet, un couple résistant d'un niveau déterminé qui s'oppose à la rotation du galet et solidarise partiellement le galet 10 et la came 7.In the space between the face inside of the front wall 5 and the front end of cam 7 circulates the belay rope 2, the relative movement with the device 1 leads to rotation of the detector roller 10. Rotation of the roller 10 is braked by a wiper 12 which engages the periphery of this roller under the stress of a spring 13 pressing on the body of the cam 7. The force of the spring 13 is chosen so as to apply to the roller 10, from a determined threshold of the roller rotation speed, one resistant torque of a determined level which opposes the rotation of the roller and partially secures the roller 10 and cam 7.

    Un ressort 14, enroulé sur l'arbre 8 et s'appuyant d'une part sur la came 7 et d'autre part sur la paroi arrière 6, agit sur la came 7 pour maintenir celle-ci dans sa position représentée à la figure 1 où sa surface de serrage 9 n'engage pas la corde de sécurité 2 et où le galet détecteur 10 coopère avec cette corde 2.A spring 14, wound on the shaft 8 and based on the one hand on the cam 7 and on the other hand on the rear wall 6 acts on the cam 7 to maintain this one in its position represented in figure 1 where its clamping surface 9 does not engage the rope safety 2 and where the detector roller 10 cooperates with this rope 2.

    Un levier coudé 15, articulé à sa partie intermédiaire autour de l'axe 8, présente un bras qui fait saillie par une fente 16 de la paroi arrière 6, alors que l'extrémité 17 de son autre bras sert, dans la position haute du levier 15 en butée contre la paroi 6 (comme représenté à la figure 1), de butée pour la came 7 en position de desserrage.A bent lever 15, articulated in its part intermediate around axis 8, has an arm which protrudes through a slot 16 in the rear wall 6, while the end 17 of its other arm is used, in the high position of the lever 15 in abutment against the wall 6 (as shown in Figure 1), stop for the cam 7 in the release position.

    La disposition du galet 10 sur la came 7 est prévue pour que, dans cette position de butée de la came contre le levier 15, le galet 10 vienne en contact avec la corde 2.The arrangement of the roller 10 on the cam 7 is provided so that in this cam stop position against the lever 15, the roller 10 comes into contact with the rope 2.

    La came 7 est telle que son centre de gravité est placé par rapport à l'axe de rotation 8 de façon à solliciter cette came dans le sens de son desserrage en l'absence d'une accélération donnée du dispositif vers le bas, et à solliciter cette came dans le sens inverse par inertie en présence d'une telle accélération à partir d'un seuil déterminé de celle-ci en neutralisant alors l'action du ressort 14.Cam 7 is such that its center of gravity is placed relative to the axis of rotation 8 of so as to urge this cam in the direction of its loosening in the absence of a given acceleration of the device down, and to solicit this cam in the opposite direction by inertia in the presence of such a acceleration from a determined threshold thereof while neutralizing the action of the spring 14.

    Le bras du levier 15 qui traverse la fente 16 présente à son extrémité une ouverture 18 pour l'accrochage du mousqueton (non représenté) d'une longe associée à un ouvrier.The arm of the lever 15 which crosses the slot 16 has at its end an opening 18 for hooking the carabiner (not shown) to a lanyard associated with a worker.

    On remarque que le levier 15 ne commande le déplacement de la came 7, par butée, que dans le sens du serrage. Cela évite toute action intempestive de desserrage par une manoeuvre maladroite ou inopportune de ce levier.Note that the lever 15 does not control the displacement of the cam 7, by stop, only in the direction of Tightening. This avoids any untimely action by loosening by an awkward or untimely maneuver of this lever.

    Le fonctionnement du dispositif est le suivant, en supposant qu'il se trouve dans sa condition de non serrage représentée à la figure 1, le bras saillant du levier 15 étant en position haute puisque l'appareil 1, en raison de son poids, se trouve à un niveau plus bas que l'utilisateur.The operation of the device is the next, assuming he's in his condition of non-tightening shown in Figure 1, the arm protruding from the lever 15 being in the high position since device 1, due to its weight, is located at level lower than the user.

    La came 7, comme on l'a indiqué plus haut, se trouve dans sa position desserrée, en appui contre la partie de butée 17 du levier 15, lui-même en butée contre la paroi 6, sous l'effet combiné de la masse de la came et du ressort 14. Le dispositif 1 coulisse alors librement le long de la corde de sécurité 2, vers le haut ou vers le bas, selon le déplacement de l'utilisateur, en entraínant en rotation le galet 10.Cam 7, as indicated above, is in its loose position, pressing against the abutment part 17 of the lever 15, itself in abutment against the wall 6, under the combined effect of the mass of the cam and the spring 14. The device 1 then slides freely along the safety rope 2, towards the up or down, depending on the displacement of the user, by rotating the roller 10.

    En cas de chute de l'utilisateur, un triple effet de déclenchement du serrage de la came 7 s'effectue de façon simultanée :

  • a) l'accélération brusque du mouvement de descente du dispositif 1 le long de la corde 2 est immédiatement détectée par le galet 100 dont la vitesse de rotation augmente jusqu'à ce que le couple résistant auquel il est soumis surmonte le couple résistant antagoniste de la came 7. Celle-ci pivote alors dans le sens horaire autour de l'arbre 8 de façon que sa surface de serrage 9 engage la corde 2 et la bloque contre la paroi 5 en immobilisant le dispositif. Comme on le voit à la figure 2, dès que la came 7 amorce son mouvement de serrage de la corde 2, le galet détecteur 10 cesse de collaborer avec celle-ci, et dans sa position de serrage maximum la came 7 engage une butée constituée par l'une des entretoises 4 afin de contrôler le serrage.
  • b) La sollicitation brusque du dispositif 1 vers le bas, due à la chute, déclenche du fait de l'inertie de la came 7 un mouvement de pivotement de celle-ci dans le sens qui amorce le serrage de la corde 2.
  • c) Sous l'effet de la charge en chute libre attelée à son extrémité 18, le levier 15 pivote dans le sens horaire en agissant par sa partie de butée 17 sur la came 7 pour l'amener dans sa position de serrage. Le levier 15 accompagne la came 7 sur la totalité de sa course de serrage jusqu'au blocage complet de la corde 2.
    • In the event of the user falling, a triple effect of triggering the tightening of the cam 7 takes place simultaneously:
  • a) the abrupt acceleration of the downward movement of the device 1 along the cord 2 is immediately detected by the roller 100 whose speed of rotation increases until the resistive torque to which it is subjected overcomes the opposing resistive torque of the cam 7. The latter then pivots clockwise around the shaft 8 so that its clamping surface 9 engages the cord 2 and blocks it against the wall 5 by immobilizing the device. As can be seen in FIG. 2, as soon as the cam 7 begins its movement for tightening the rope 2, the detector roller 10 ceases to collaborate with it, and in its position of maximum tightening the cam 7 engages a stop constituted by one of the spacers 4 in order to control the tightening.
  • b) The sudden stress of the device 1 downwards, due to the fall, triggers, due to the inertia of the cam 7, a pivoting movement of the latter in the direction which initiates the tightening of the rope 2.
  • c) Under the effect of the free falling load coupled to its end 18, the lever 15 pivots clockwise by acting by its abutment part 17 on the cam 7 to bring it into its clamping position. The lever 15 accompanies the cam 7 over its entire tightening stroke until the cord 2 is completely blocked.

    • Comme le levier 15 pivote librement sur l'axe 8, une immobilisation accidentelle de celui-ci dans sa position de repos de la figure 1 ne pourra s'opposer à ce que l'un des deux effets décrits ci-dessus en a) et b), ou les deux ensemble, exerce l'action de serrage.As the lever 15 pivots freely on axis 8, an accidental immobilization of it in its rest position of Figure 1 can not object to one of the two effects described above in a) and b), or both together, exercises tightening action.

    Ainsi qu'on l'a représenté à la figure 4, un dispositif de verrouillage du levier 15 en position bloquante, constitué par exemple par un cliquet 19 articulé en 20 sur le boítier et venant engager la face arrière du levier 15, permet de maintenir la came 7 dans sa position de blocage de la corde 2, en faisant ainsi office de frein de parking.As shown in Figure 4, a lever locking device 15 in position blocking, constituted for example by a ratchet 19 articulated in 20 on the case and engaging the face rear of lever 15, keeps cam 7 in its rope locking position 2, doing so parking brake office.

    Le boítier du dispositif comporte un moyen d'ouverture (non représenté au dessin), tel que la position fermée du boítier se trouve verrouillée par deux organes distincts, en nécessitant l'intervention de deux opérations volontaires successives pour ouvrir ce boítier.The device housing includes a means opening (not shown in the drawing), such as the closed position of the case is locked by two separate organs, requiring the intervention of two successive voluntary operations to open this housing.

    Pour les besoins de la description de la présente invention, on a adopté, de façon non limitative, comme support du dispositif un cordage et comme organe de serrage une came dont la gorge de serrage est profilée de façon à correspondre à la section du cordage dans une action d'autoserrage sur ce cordage. Pour les mêmes besoins, on a adopté pour le détecteur la formule d'un galet. On comprendra toutefois que, sans sortir du cadre de l'invention, le même système pourrait être construit, selon l'état de l'art, pour fonctionner sur un support constitué par un câble métallique ou par un profil rigide.For the purposes of the description of the present invention, we adopted, in a manner not limiting, as a device support a rope and as a clamping member a cam whose throat clamping is profiled to match the section of the rope in a self-tightening action on this rope. For the same needs, we adopted for the detector the formula of a pebble. However, we will understand that, without departing from the scope of the invention, the same system could be built, depending on the state of the art, to operate on a support constituted by a cable metallic or by a rigid profile.

    Claims (8)

    1. Device for automatically stopping a fall, which slides without supplementary operation on a securing support (2) which is fixed at a point located above the device, to which the user or a load is connected, this device comprising a member (7) for clamping the securing support (2) and a member (10) for detecting a threshold of acceleration or speed of movement of the securing support (2) relative to the device, characterised in that, the detecting member (10), which is constituted by a roller or an equivalent rotating member, and the clamping member (7) being separate, the detecting member is mounted on the clamping member (7) and draws it in the clamping direction under the effect of a moment having a given magnitude which opposes the rotation of the roller (10) and which partially connects the roller (10) and the clamping member (7), the moment being produced by a means (12, 13) which is fixed to the clamping member (7) and which acts starting from a specific threshold of speed or acceleration of the securing support (2) in the device.
    2. Device according to claim 1, characterised in that the means which generates the moment is constituted by a friction member (12) which is pressed against the roller (10) under the effect of a spring (13) which presses on the clamping member (7) and which generates a moment which increases with the speed of the securing support (2) in the device as far as a threshold which is greater than an opposing moment of the clamping member (7).
    3. Device according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterised in that the clamping member is constituted by a pivoting cam (7) having a self-clamping effect in respect of the securing support (2), on which cam (7) the detecting roller (10) is located in order to be in co-operating contact with the support (2) for a specific position of the cam (7) in the absence of a clamping load applied thereto, and in order to release this contact as soon as the cam (7) starts the clamping action thereof.
    4. Device according to claim 3, characterised in that the travel of the cam (7) in the unclamping sense is limited by a stop (17) which determines a position of the detecting roller (10) which allows the roller (10) to be drawn by the relative movement of the securing support (2), a spring (14) being supported on the casing of the device and pressing on this cam (7) in order to urge it in the unclamping sense until it reaches the stop position thereof.
    5. Device according to claim 4, characterised in that the centre of gravity of the cam (7) is positioned, relative to the axis of rotation (8) thereof, so as to urge the cam (7), in association with the mass thereof, in the unclamping sense thereof in the absence of a given acceleration of the device downwards, and to urge the cam (7) in the opposite sense in the presence of such an acceleration, starting from a threshold thereof, to an extent sufficient to counterbalance the action of the spring (14) which presses thereon, in order to engage the self-clamping action.
    6. Device according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterised in that it comprises a lever (15) for activation by the load, which co-operates in a unidirectional manner with the cam (7) by means of a stop (17) so that the cam (7) can be activated by the lever (15) only in the sense which brings about the clamping.
    7. Device according to claim 6, characterised in that the displacement stop of the cam (7) in the unclamping sense is secured by means of the activation lever (15) by means of a stop thereof on the casing of the device so that, in association with the spring (14) which is pressed on the cam (7), continuous contact of the lever (15) and the cam (7) is obtained in the absence of an action on the lever (15) which prevents the lever (15) from following the cam (7) in a clamping movement.
    8. Device according to any one of claims 3 to 7, characterised in that it comprises a member (19) which locks the clamping position of the cam (7), if necessary.
    EP97933737A 1996-07-16 1997-07-15 Device for automatically stopping the fall of personnel working high above ground Expired - Lifetime EP0859648B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (3)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    FR9608841 1996-07-16
    FR9608841A FR2751233B1 (en) 1996-07-16 1996-07-16 AUTOMATIC FALL STOP DEVICE FOR PERSONNEL WORKING AT HEIGHT
    PCT/FR1997/001305 WO1998002210A1 (en) 1996-07-16 1997-07-15 Device for automatically stopping the fall of personnel working high above ground

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP0859648A1 EP0859648A1 (en) 1998-08-26
    EP0859648B1 true EP0859648B1 (en) 2003-06-25

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    Family Applications (1)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP97933737A Expired - Lifetime EP0859648B1 (en) 1996-07-16 1997-07-15 Device for automatically stopping the fall of personnel working high above ground

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    US (1) US6056086A (en)
    EP (1) EP0859648B1 (en)
    JP (1) JP3262279B2 (en)
    CN (1) CN1100576C (en)
    AU (1) AU729685B2 (en)
    BR (1) BR9702343A (en)
    CA (1) CA2231722C (en)
    CZ (1) CZ292340B6 (en)
    DE (1) DE69723046T2 (en)
    ES (1) ES2202628T3 (en)
    FR (1) FR2751233B1 (en)
    PL (1) PL184120B1 (en)
    WO (1) WO1998002210A1 (en)

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    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    CA2231722C (en) 2005-03-22
    CN1100576C (en) 2003-02-05
    EP0859648A1 (en) 1998-08-26
    JP3262279B2 (en) 2002-03-04
    BR9702343A (en) 1999-12-28
    CZ292340B6 (en) 2003-09-17
    CZ79898A3 (en) 1998-06-17
    US6056086A (en) 2000-05-02
    DE69723046T2 (en) 2004-04-01
    PL325518A1 (en) 1998-08-03
    DE69723046D1 (en) 2003-07-31
    FR2751233A1 (en) 1998-01-23
    JPH11512958A (en) 1999-11-09
    ES2202628T3 (en) 2004-04-01
    CN1197401A (en) 1998-10-28
    PL184120B1 (en) 2002-09-30
    AU3698397A (en) 1998-02-09
    AU729685B2 (en) 2001-02-08
    WO1998002210A1 (en) 1998-01-22
    CA2231722A1 (en) 1998-01-22
    FR2751233B1 (en) 1998-10-09

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