EP0838830B1 - Elektromagnetischen Auslöser mit einer amorphen Kohlenstoffbeschichtung und sein Fertigungsverfahren - Google Patents

Elektromagnetischen Auslöser mit einer amorphen Kohlenstoffbeschichtung und sein Fertigungsverfahren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0838830B1
EP0838830B1 EP19970410111 EP97410111A EP0838830B1 EP 0838830 B1 EP0838830 B1 EP 0838830B1 EP 19970410111 EP19970410111 EP 19970410111 EP 97410111 A EP97410111 A EP 97410111A EP 0838830 B1 EP0838830 B1 EP 0838830B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
carbon
coating
diamond
yoke
vane
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP19970410111
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0838830A1 (de
Inventor
Michel Schneider
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Schneider Electric Industries SAS
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Schneider Electric Industries SAS
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/32—Electromagnetic mechanisms having permanently magnetised part
    • H01H71/327—Manufacturing or calibrating methods, e.g. air gap treatments

Definitions

  • Triggers of the kind mentioned must be reliable and operate at thresholds independent of ambient conditions, including humid heat, which can cause corrosion between iron and nickel forming oxides and iron hydroxides leading either to untimely triggering or to sticking of the palette.
  • High sensitivity triggers are usually incorporated into personal protective switches or circuit breakers, and all bad functioning is intolerable.
  • the document FR-A-2.412.159 has made known a process for producing a high sensitivity trigger, in which at least one of the pole surfaces is coated with a layer less than or equal to 1 micron thick, producing a greasing effect and avoiding any wear by friction. This layer coats the weak asperities that can no longer break, but it does not provide protection against corrosion.
  • Document FR-A-2618 941 relates to a method, in which the layer protective may be a nitride, in particular a titanium nitride, a carbide, a boride, amorphous carbon or a metal from groups IB, IVB, VIB and VIII of the periodic classification of the elements, in particular chromium and titanium.
  • the layer protective may be a nitride, in particular a titanium nitride, a carbide, a boride, amorphous carbon or a metal from groups IB, IVB, VIB and VIII of the periodic classification of the elements, in particular chromium and titanium.
  • Aggressive chemical atmospheres such as salt spray, humid heat or these environments containing oxidizing or corrosive agents can nevertheless affect the corrosion resistance of the relay.
  • the object of the invention is to develop a method for manufacturing a relay high sensitivity electromagnetic trip to obtain a reliable operation and good corrosion resistance, regardless of the environment.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized in that all the faces of the circuit magnetic of the frame and the pallet are covered by a coating DLC diamond-like carbon homogeneous comprising a mixture of atoms carbon in sp3 and sp2 hybridization, said coating having a Vickers hardness between 30 and 70 GPa.
  • Homogeneous DLC diamond-like carbon coating on all sides of the relay constitutes in combination with the roughness of the polar surfaces, an effective barrier against corrosion, regardless of the nature of the oxidizing or corrosive agents the environment in which the relay is located.
  • the diamond-like carbon coating has a reduced coefficient of friction, of the order of 0.10 under a load of 5N, and is capable of being selectively enriched in its thickness by specific chemical elements, in particular fluorine, boron, silicon or nitrogen.
  • diamond-type carbon makes it possible to confer optimum properties of hardness and chemical inertness to the protective coating, as well as a very low coefficient of friction.
  • a polarized electromagnetic trip device comprises a magnetic frame 1 in U shape, made of an iron-nickel alloy, and a magnet permanent 2 in the form of a parallelepiped bar, placed between the branches 3,4 of the armature 1.
  • a magnet permanent 2 in the form of a parallelepiped bar, placed between the branches 3,4 of the armature 1.
  • One of the poles 5 of the magnet 2 is attached to the base 7 of the U of the frame 1, and the other pole 6 is placed opposite the movable pallet 8.
  • the movable pallet 8 also made of an iron-nickel alloy, is located opposite the polar surfaces 9, 10 of the armature 1 and of the pole 6 of the magnet 2, and is mounted at pivoting around the edge 11 of the branch 3 of the frame 1.
  • a return spring 12 biases the pallet 8 in the pivoted position for separating the armature 1 in which the pole surface 14 of the pallet 8 is separated from the polar surface 10 of the frame 1.
  • the pallet 8 is likely to take two stable equilibrium positions. In one, shown in Figure 1, the surface polar 14 is bonded to the polar surface 10 of the armature 1, by the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet 2. In the other position shown in Figure 2, the pole surface 14 is moved away from surface 10 by the opposing force of spring 12.
  • a control coil 16 is wound on branch 4 of armature 1 for generate a magnetic flux 15 opposite to the flux 13 of the permanent magnet 2 in the branch 4 when it is traversed by an excitation current.
  • the pallet 8 takes off from the end 10 of the branch 4 under the action of the return spring 12.
  • the polar surface 14 of the pallet 8 and the surface 10 of the frame 1 undergo a treatment to obtain a rough surface having a succession of valleys, the contact between the two surfaces 10,14 taking place at the peaks.
  • the surface polar 9 of the reinforcement and the associated polar surface of the pallet 8 undergo advantageously the same treatment.
  • the roughness coefficient Ra which is the height profile average above and below the mean line, depending on the NF E05-015 standard, is greater than or equal to 0.03 micron and less than 0.5 micron. This roughness is obtained by a mechanical polishing operation on the surfaces polar 10.14.
  • a carbon-based protective coating is affixed to all the faces of the magnetic circuit of the armature 1 and the pallet 8.
  • the coating diamond type carbon protector consists of a homogeneous layer of low thickness, in particular less than 1 micron, having both good properties of hardness and chemical inertness, and a low coefficient of friction.
  • Typical carbon diamond DLC is part of the amorphous carbon family, making use of a mixing in variable proportions of carbon atoms in sp3 and sp2 hybridization, having a structure made up of amorphous forms which can pass so continuous from 100% sp3 to 100% sp2.
  • the Vickers hardness of the diamond DLC type carbon protective coating can reach 30 to 70 GPa, and the coefficient of friction is of the order of 0.10 under a load of 5N.
  • the wear resistance of the DLC coating, evaluated under the conditions of measurement of the coefficient of friction is of the order of 1.8.10 -9 mm 3 / Nm.
  • the high chemical inertness of the DLC material against oxidizing or corrosive agents provides effective protection of the relay against the effects of corrosion or oxidation in aggressive chemical atmospheres, in particular salt spray, humid heat, or environments containing, for example, chlorine, hydrogen chloride, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfide hydrogen.
  • the DLC diamond type carbon coating can be selectively enriched in its thickness by specific chemical elements including fluorine, boron, silicon or nitrogen, in order to give it predetermined properties in friction, hardness and wettability. Selective incorporation of these elements chemicals provides optimum adhesion of the DLC carbon coating on nickel iron, following a reduction in mechanical stresses at the interface between the substrate and the carbon DLC. The hardness is also increased on the surface.
  • the coating of carbon DLC on the iron nickel substrate is carried out by methods physical or chemical vacuum well known to specialists. This results in a homogeneous overlap without peak effect on the edges or peaks of roughness of ferromagnetic parts of the relay.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines, insbesondere für einen Differentialschutz-Lastschalter oder -Leistungsschalter bestimmten elektromagnetischen Auslöserelais hoher Ansprechempfindlichkeit, das einen, durch einen Dauermagneten (2) polarisierten und eine Steuerspule (16) tragenden Magnetkreis umfaßt, welcher aus einer Eisen-Nickel-Legierung bestehende Magnetkreis ein feststehendes Rückschlußeisen (1) und einen beweglichen Anker (8) mit jeweils einer Polfläche (10, 14) umfaßt, die bei Anziehung des Ankers durch das Rückschlußeisen in gegenseitige Auflage gelangen, wobei verfahrensgemäß
    die Polfläche (10) des Rückschlußeisens (1) und die Polfläche (14) des Ankers (8) gleichermaßen einer Oberflächenbehandlung unterzogen werden, um einen Rauheitswert Ra größer oder gleich 0,03 µ und kleiner als 0,5 µ zu erzielen und so über die Spitzen zwischen den beiden Flächen einen Punktkontakt zu gewährleisten, wobei Ra die mittlere Profilhöhe oberhalb und unterhalb der Mittellinie darstellt,
    die genannten Polflächen (10, 14) mit einer Schutzschicht auf Basis von amorphem Kohlenstoff überzogen werden, deren Dicke kleiner oder gleich 1 µ ist,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß alle Seiten des Magnetkreises des Rückschlußeisens (1) und des Ankers (8) mit einer gleichmäßigen Schicht aus Kohlenstoff vom Typ DLC überzogen sind, das eine Mischung aus sp3- und sp2-hybridisierten Kohlenstoffatomen enthält, wobei die genannte Beschichtung eine Vickershärte zwischen 30 und 70 GPa aufweist.
  2. Herstellungsverfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die DLC-Kohlenstoffbeschichtung einen niedrigen Reibungskoeffizienten von etwa 0,10 bei einer Kraft von 5 N aufweist.
  3. Herstellungsverfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die DLC-Kohlenstoffbeschichtung in der Dickenebene gezielt mit spezifischen chemischen Elementen, insbesondere mit Fluor, Bor, Silizium oder Stickstoff angereichert werden kann.
  4. Herstellungsverfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die gleichmäßige DLC-Kohlenstoffbeschichtung des Eisen-Nickel-Substrats mit Hilfe von physikalischen oder chemischen Vakuum-Überzugsverfahren aufgebracht wird.
  5. Elektromagnetisches Auslöserelais, insbesondere für einen Differentialschutz-Lastschalter oder Leistungsschalter, mit einem, durch einen Dauermagneten (2) polarisierten und eine Steuerspule (16) tragenden Magnetkreis, welcher aus einer Eisen-Nickel-Legierung bestehende Magnetkreis
    ein feststehendes Rückschlußeisen (1) und einen beweglichen Anker (8) mit jeweils einer Polfläche (10, 14) umfaßt, die bei Anziehung des Ankers durch das Rückschlußeisen in gegenseitige Auflage gelangen, sowie
    eine Beschichtung auf Basis von amorphem Kohlenstoff mit einer Dicke kleiner oder gleich 1 µ zum Korrosionsschutz aufweist, wobei
    die Polflächen (10, 14) des Rückschlußeisens (1) und des Ankers (8) einen Rauheitswert Ra größer oder gleich 0,03 und kleiner 0,5 µ aufweisen,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schutzbeschichtung auf alle Seiten des Magnetkreises des Rückschlußeisens (1) und des Ankers (8) aufgebracht ist und aus einer gleichmäßigen Schicht aus DLC-Kohlenstoff besteht, die durch eine Mischung aus sp3- und sp2-hybridierten Kohlenstoffatomen gebildet wird.
  6. Elektromagnetisches Auslöserelais nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schutzbeschichtung aus DLC-Kohlenstoff eine Vickershärte von 30 bis 70 GPa aufweist.
  7. Elektromagnetisches Auslöserelais nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die DLC-Kohlenstoffbeschichtung einen Reibungskoeffizienten von etwa 0,10 bei einer Kraft von 5 N aufweist.
  8. Elektromagnetisches Auslöserelais nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die DLC-Kohlenstoffbeschichtung zusätzliche chemische Elemente auf Fluor-, Bor-, Silizium- oder Stickstoffbasis enthält.
EP19970410111 1996-10-23 1997-10-07 Elektromagnetischen Auslöser mit einer amorphen Kohlenstoffbeschichtung und sein Fertigungsverfahren Expired - Lifetime EP0838830B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9613143A FR2754933B1 (fr) 1996-10-23 1996-10-23 Relais de declenchement electromagnetique a revetement de carbone amorphe, et son procede de fabrication
FR9613143 1996-10-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0838830A1 EP0838830A1 (de) 1998-04-29
EP0838830B1 true EP0838830B1 (de) 2004-01-21

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EP19970410111 Expired - Lifetime EP0838830B1 (de) 1996-10-23 1997-10-07 Elektromagnetischen Auslöser mit einer amorphen Kohlenstoffbeschichtung und sein Fertigungsverfahren

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EP (1) EP0838830B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69727278T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2213811T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2754933B1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004016950B3 (de) * 2004-04-06 2006-01-19 Siemens Ag Auslöserrelais

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10210826A1 (de) * 2002-03-12 2003-09-25 Abb Patent Gmbh Auslöseeinrichtung für einen Fehlerstromschutzschalter und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
FR2874740B1 (fr) * 2004-09-02 2006-10-20 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Declencheur electromagnetique et appareil de coupure electrique le comportant
DE202006007420U1 (de) * 2006-05-09 2007-09-20 Pepperl + Fuchs Gmbh Gehäuseanordnung
DE102012009665B4 (de) * 2012-05-12 2022-04-07 Doepke Schaltgeräte GmbH Elektrisches Auslöserelais für einen Schalter, insbesondere für einen Schutzschalter zum Überwachen elektrischer Netze

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DD208702A1 (de) * 1982-06-29 1984-04-04 Akad Wissenschaften Ddr Metallisches elektrisches kontaktelement
JPS639104A (ja) * 1986-06-30 1988-01-14 Seiko Instr & Electronics Ltd 磁石
FR2618941B1 (fr) * 1987-07-28 1995-01-06 Merlin Gerin Declencheur electromagnetique a haute sensibilite et son procede de fabrication
CA2184737A1 (en) * 1994-03-03 1995-09-08 Monsanto Company Diamond-like carbon coated transducers for magnetic recording media

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004016950B3 (de) * 2004-04-06 2006-01-19 Siemens Ag Auslöserrelais

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2213811T3 (es) 2004-09-01
DE69727278D1 (de) 2004-02-26
EP0838830A1 (de) 1998-04-29
FR2754933B1 (fr) 1998-11-27
FR2754933A1 (fr) 1998-04-24
DE69727278T2 (de) 2004-12-09

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