EP0829897B1 - Fusible électrique - Google Patents

Fusible électrique Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0829897B1
EP0829897B1 EP97115993A EP97115993A EP0829897B1 EP 0829897 B1 EP0829897 B1 EP 0829897B1 EP 97115993 A EP97115993 A EP 97115993A EP 97115993 A EP97115993 A EP 97115993A EP 0829897 B1 EP0829897 B1 EP 0829897B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuse
substrate
contacts
fusible conductor
edges
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97115993A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0829897A3 (fr
EP0829897A2 (fr
Inventor
André Jöllenbeck
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wickmann Werke GmbH
Original Assignee
Wickmann Werke GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wickmann Werke GmbH filed Critical Wickmann Werke GmbH
Publication of EP0829897A2 publication Critical patent/EP0829897A2/fr
Publication of EP0829897A3 publication Critical patent/EP0829897A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0829897B1 publication Critical patent/EP0829897B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/041—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges characterised by the type
    • H01H85/0411—Miniature fuses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/0013—Means for preventing damage, e.g. by ambient influences to the fuse
    • H01H85/0021—Means for preventing damage, e.g. by ambient influences to the fuse water or dustproof devices
    • H01H2085/0034—Means for preventing damage, e.g. by ambient influences to the fuse water or dustproof devices with molded casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/041—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges characterised by the type
    • H01H85/0411—Miniature fuses
    • H01H2085/0414—Surface mounted fuses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/0013—Means for preventing damage, e.g. by ambient influences to the fuse
    • H01H85/0021—Means for preventing damage, e.g. by ambient influences to the fuse water or dustproof devices
    • H01H85/003—Means for preventing damage, e.g. by ambient influences to the fuse water or dustproof devices casings for the fusible element

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrical fuse with a substrate made of an electrically insulating Material, at least two electrical contacts that in the Are spaced from each other on the substrate, and a fusible conductor, which makes the contacts electrically conductive connects and at least partially between the contacts in an electrically insulating potting compound is embedded, with a depression in the substrate between the contacts is arranged.
  • Known fuses come in different forms and manufactured with varying components and in large Number used in electrical and electronic circuits. There they protect individual components or complete ones Assemblies against excessive current loads due to persistent Overcurrent or short circuit.
  • the fuse must be built up to the fuse element Provide protection against environmental influences. on the other hand but must also the environment when switching off the fuse before metal vapors or similar be shielded and preserved.
  • a fuse for the electrical connection contain corresponding connections with the surrounding circuit.
  • Known fuses indicate how to fulfill the named Requires a complex structure that is relative high manufacturing costs and / or space-consuming Sizes required.
  • the present invention is therefore the object to create an electrical fuse, the one has a simple design and the reproducibility of the Tripping characteristics of identical fuses improved.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that the Known identical fuses occur different Tripping characteristic is due to the fact that the Not around the fuse element with all fuses is equal to.
  • the Fusible conductor between the electrical contacts thermally is coupled to the substrate.
  • the points of contact of the Fusible conductors with the substrate cannot be determined beforehand.
  • the spaces between the fuse element and the substrate are small and can become contaminated or otherwise Fill deposits. This also affects the tripping characteristic the fuse. Otherwise, the potting compound cannot completely cover the fuse element, especially where the fuse element is Touched substrate. In other places there are air spaces, which also lead to a thermally inhomogeneous environment and thus lead to different tripping characteristics.
  • the fuse element in Area of the depression without contact with the substrate.
  • the depression creates an improved thermal Decoupling of the fuse element from the substrate and guaranteed such a reproducible tripping characteristic. Also allowed it the recess in the substrate that the potting compound can completely surround the fuse element. she reliably creates a reproducible homogeneous environment and improves the reproducibility of the tripping characteristic identical fuses.
  • a substrate for an inventive Fuse selected a rectangular plate, so that Fuses of the type described preferably in multiple use finished and separated in a final step, for example by breaking or other separation processes. It but there are also a number of common components that are their material properties for use as a security substrate are suitable.
  • Ceramic materials are due to their material properties for use as a security substrate Particularly suitable because they are thermally stable and no conductive even in the presence of arcing Can form bridges, e.g. Carbon bridges.
  • a curable Paste As a flowable medium, a Paste the fuse element completely in one production step and enclose tightly in a subsequent step to be solidified.
  • the hardening or solidification of the Paste has the advantage that the paste reliably melts the fuse element encloses and also for mechanical stability and connection of the arrangement can contribute as it is on adheres securely to the substrate. This is of particular importance Point if it is the fuse element according to claim 9 is a wire. Fusible conductor wires are usually very thin and therefore mechanically less resilient.
  • the hardened paste serves as an important mechanical protection here.
  • the hardened casting compound is thermally stable.
  • the claims listed above be fulfilled by a non-conductive ceramic paste or through other insulating fillers in natural or through Modified form additives.
  • the type of cover and the properties of the sealing compound can be the characteristics of the Fuse can be greatly influenced.
  • the electrical necessary to connect the fuse element Contacts are advantageously made by metallization formed by two edges and / or end faces on the substrate, by, for example, an electrically conductive paste on it Places is applied and baked.
  • the fuse element used as a finished element. He is in the form of a wire with defined properties in integrated the structure. This is done with minimal effort, by the wire stretched over the arrangement on the contacts is soldered. It is conceivable to apply a solder paste here on the contacts after metallizing and soldering by infrared or laser treatment.
  • the one so fastened Fusible conductor wire has better thermal properties than for example, an electrically conductive layer, because too a very thin wire is not necessarily on a carrier layer is instructed.
  • a layer formed from a paste is in manufacturing e.g. dependent on at least one carrier film, which in turn the electrical and thermal properties the fuse affects.
  • the substrate of the fuse to the Metallized edges or end faces rounded.
  • the edges of the substrate easier to are metallized.
  • the amount of to be recorded Paste minimized because no sharp edges are covered Need to become.
  • this measure means that Increase in the width of this backup structure in the area of Total contacts less.
  • the substrate points to the one to be metallized Tapered edges or flattened edges on. This measure helps to reduce the height of the connections essential, which means that they protrude from the side the contact via the substrate of the component is avoided.
  • the component lies overall with the middle part of its substrate on the board of the to be assembled Circuit on.
  • the backup held securely by gluing until the contacts are soldered become.
  • the middle part of the substrate can on the one hand serve as a support and adhesive surface, but also on the other hand the closely spaced soldering areas of the connections separate. It can be advantageous when applying the Solder paste on the board or when soldering not for training come from short-circuit bridges.
  • At least one between the fuse element and the sealing compound Cover may be arranged on which the sealing compound is arranged is.
  • a closed cavity are formed, through which the fuse element runs self-supporting.
  • the cavity can also contain porous or granular media, such as. Sand. They are also layered structures to influence the tripping characteristic of the fuse realizable, as with an exemplary embodiment is described below.
  • Fig. 1a shows a plan view of a fuse 1, the one Has fuse element 2, which on a substrate 3 between two contacts 4 on opposite edges 5 of the substrate 3 runs under a cover 6 from a potting compound 7.
  • a first step the manufacture of the fuse 1 the contacts 4 on the edges 5 of the ceramic substrate 3 in the form of electrically conductive pastes 8 in a "dip & blot" process applied and baked or sintered so that then on the substrate 3 accessible from the outside, the end faces 9 partially enclosing and solderable contacts 4 arise.
  • a solder paste 10 is then applied to the contacts 4, into which the fusible conductor 2 designed as wire 11 is pushed in.
  • the arrangement is then heated to the extent that the solder paste 10 liquefies and the wire 11th with contacts 4 mechanically permanent and electrically good leading connects.
  • the melting point of the solder paste lies here 10 above the melting point of SMD soldering processes, so that Fuse 1 can be used in SMD processes.
  • the cover 6 Before or after separating the wire 11 into individual Fusible conductor pieces per fuse 1 is the cover 6 Arrangement applied a pasty, curable potting compound 7, which the fusible conductor 2 between the contacts 4 gas and covers pressure-tight.
  • the potting compound 7 is portioned for example by a dosing device, in a screen printing or stencil printing. Main characteristics of the Potting compound 7 are in addition to the paste-like shape and the hardenability also mechanical and thermal stability as well as good electrical insulation.
  • the casting compound 7 also have a high pore content to gaseous components when the fuse is switched off and metal vapors offer a large area of precipitation can.
  • distinguishable coloring of the hardened casting compound 7 is a basic identification of the fuse for Differentiation, for example, of the tripping characteristic in "quick” or “slow” or to identify the nominal current possible during production, since the dimensioning already makes it possible here and the material selection set these properties are.
  • a general basic identification of these components is because of their small size makes sense due to a color coding.
  • Fig. 1b shows a side view of the fuse 1, from a End face 9 seen here to illustrate the simple and flat construction.
  • the fuse element 2 is on the contact 4 been electrically conductively attached by a solder paste 10.
  • the cover 6 extends on the top of the fuse 1 almost to the edges 5.
  • FIG. 1c shows a view of the long side of the fuse 1 from FIG Fig. 1a.
  • the distance between the contacts 4 is that Hole or pad distance according to the voltage level of the fuse IEC standard was chosen. So that distance turn out very small.
  • the distance of the fusible conductor 2 from the surface is also further of the substrate 3 very low. So that runs Fusible conductor 2 at the boundary between two half-spaces, where one through the potting compound 7 and the other through the substrate 3 is formed, as can also be seen from FIG. 1b. These half-spaces are mutually different in terms of their thermal properties align as much as possible at low cost.
  • the elongated recess 14 or depression 15 in the central surface 16 of the plate 12 of FIG. 2a serves to improve the thermal decoupling of the fusible conductor, since the fusible conductor is embedded in the casting compound over its free length.
  • the tapering or flattening 17 shown in an enlarged representation in FIG. 2b at the end of the substrate 3 or at the edges 5 fulfills the task of not allowing the edge metallizations of the contacts 4 to protrude, ie the fuse lies only with the middle part 18 of the ceramic substrate 3.

Landscapes

  • Fuses (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Fusible (1) comportant un substrat (2) en matériau isolant, au moins deux contacts électriques (4) placés à distance l'un de l'autre sur le substrat (3), et un élément fusible (2) qui relie électriquement les contacts (4) et est noyé au moins partiellement, entre les contacts (4), dans un composé d'empotage isolant (7), un creux (15) étant prévu dans le substrat (3) entre les contacts (4), caractérisé par le fait que l'élément fusible (2) est placé entre les contacts au-dessus du creux (15) sans contact avec le substrat (3), ce qui permet un enveloppement complet de l'élément fusible de composé d'empotage dans la zone du creux.
  2. Fusible selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que le substrat (3) est une plaquette rectangulaire (12).
  3. Fusible selon une des revendications précédentes ou les deux, caractérisé par le fait que le substrat (3) est en céramique.
  4. Fusible selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que le composé d'empotage (7) est constitué d'une pâte durcissable qui, après durcissement, adhère au substrat (3).
  5. Fusible selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que le composé d'empotage (7) est poreux.
  6. Fusible selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que le composé d'empotage (7) est thermiquement stable.
  7. Fusible selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que les contacts (4) sont formés par métallisation de bords (5) et/ou de côtés frontaux (9) opposés du substrat (3).
  8. Fusible selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que les contacts (4) sont réalisés au moyen de pâtes pouvant être cuites (8).
  9. Fusible selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que l'élément fusible (2) est constitué d'un fil (11).
  10. Fusible selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que le substrat (3) est arrondi sur ses bords (5) ou ses côtés frontaux (9) à métalliser.
  11. Fusible selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que le substrat (3) présente des rétrécissements ou des aplatissements (27) sur ses bords (5) ou ses côtés frontaux (9) à métalliser.
EP97115993A 1996-09-14 1997-09-15 Fusible électrique Expired - Lifetime EP0829897B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE29616063U DE29616063U1 (de) 1996-09-14 1996-09-14 Elektrische Sicherung
DE29616063U 1996-09-14

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0829897A2 EP0829897A2 (fr) 1998-03-18
EP0829897A3 EP0829897A3 (fr) 1999-06-16
EP0829897B1 true EP0829897B1 (fr) 2004-08-18

Family

ID=8029250

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97115993A Expired - Lifetime EP0829897B1 (fr) 1996-09-14 1997-09-15 Fusible électrique

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0829897B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE29616063U1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19738575A1 (de) 1997-09-04 1999-06-10 Wickmann Werke Gmbh Elektrisches Sicherungselement
DE29717120U1 (de) * 1997-09-25 1997-11-13 Wickmann-Werke GmbH, 58453 Witten Elektrisches Sicherungselement
EP1074034B1 (fr) * 1998-04-24 2002-03-06 Wickmann-Werke GmbH Fusible electrique
DE19827595A1 (de) * 1998-04-24 1999-10-28 Wickmann Werke Gmbh Laminierter Wickelschmelzleiter
JP3194429B2 (ja) 1998-06-02 2001-07-30 オムロン株式会社 過電流遮断構造
US9117615B2 (en) 2010-05-17 2015-08-25 Littlefuse, Inc. Double wound fusible element and associated fuse
DE202012000571U1 (de) 2011-01-21 2012-04-26 HKR Seuffer Automotive GmbH & Co. KG Elektrisches Sicherungselement
DE102021002383A1 (de) * 2021-05-05 2022-11-10 Siba Fuses Gmbh Sicherung und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Sicherung

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2136386A1 (de) * 1971-07-21 1973-02-01 Wagner Schaltungstechnik Elektrische schmelzsicherung und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung
DE3051177C2 (fr) * 1979-09-11 1991-02-21 Rohm Co. Ltd., Kyoto, Jp
JPH0831303B2 (ja) * 1986-12-01 1996-03-27 オムロン株式会社 チツプ型ヒユ−ズ
US4924203A (en) * 1987-03-24 1990-05-08 Cooper Industries, Inc. Wire bonded microfuse and method of making
US4771260A (en) * 1987-03-24 1988-09-13 Cooper Industries, Inc. Wire bonded microfuse and method of making
FR2638566B1 (fr) * 1988-11-03 1990-12-14 Cehess Technologies Fusible electrique thermiquement isole ayant une bonne tenue aux surcharges temporaires
DE9407550U1 (de) * 1993-04-21 1994-09-01 Wickmann-Werke GmbH, 58453 Witten Elektrische Sicherung
JP2624439B2 (ja) * 1993-04-30 1997-06-25 コーア株式会社 回路保護用素子
US5363082A (en) * 1993-10-27 1994-11-08 Rapid Development Services, Inc. Flip chip microfuse
US5432378A (en) * 1993-12-15 1995-07-11 Cooper Industries, Inc. Subminiature surface mounted circuit protector
US5552757A (en) * 1994-05-27 1996-09-03 Littelfuse, Inc. Surface-mounted fuse device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59711855D1 (de) 2004-09-23
EP0829897A3 (fr) 1999-06-16
DE29616063U1 (de) 1996-10-31
EP0829897A2 (fr) 1998-03-18

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