EP0791125B1 - Segment zur auskleidung von hohlräumen - Google Patents
Segment zur auskleidung von hohlräumen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0791125B1 EP0791125B1 EP96932362A EP96932362A EP0791125B1 EP 0791125 B1 EP0791125 B1 EP 0791125B1 EP 96932362 A EP96932362 A EP 96932362A EP 96932362 A EP96932362 A EP 96932362A EP 0791125 B1 EP0791125 B1 EP 0791125B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- dowel
- segment
- tube
- opening
- segment according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000089486 Phragmites australis subsp australis Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/08—Lining with building materials with preformed concrete slabs
- E21D11/083—Methods or devices for joining adjacent concrete segments
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a segment for lining cavities, especially for tunnel expansion with an essentially bowl-shaped main body, which is bounded by an inner surface, an outer surface and by edge surfaces, with the Edge surfaces at least one opening is provided for receiving an anchor.
- the tubbing expansion process is often used for the expansion of tunnels, shafts or the like. Individual segments of segments are broken out into the segments that have just been broken out Tunnel promoted and assembled there to a complete lining. To the expansion to accelerate and to enable automation of the expansion are increasing Tubbing segments used that form a positive connection from neighboring Provide segments. In many cases, this positive connection is caused by the penetration of a dowel in a corresponding hole in the adjacent segment.
- EP-A 100 771 also describes an invention for connecting segments, that deals with the problem described above.
- This well-known Connection essentially consists of dowel sleeves into which a dowel is inserted with a force fit is. To enable compensation in the radial direction, the dowel sleeves are in the area of their opening is conical, which enables the dowel to itself to deform accordingly at this point.
- the dowels are appropriate must be carried out softly and resiliently to enable this deformation. Accordingly a large number of dowels is necessary to achieve a certain holding force.
- a segment according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from DE-A2 457 427.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a segment of the type described above to create, which is easy to manufacture, is easy to use and especially enables compensation of displacements in the radial direction of the anchor.
- the present invention is based on Segment connections can be used in which the two segments to be connected lie opposite one another Have openings, one before opening in one of these openings separately manufactured dowel is driven. It is both possible that one of the two Openings is designed in the manner according to the invention, as well as that both openings are designed according to the invention. In the same way, however, it is also possible that on a of the segments to be connected are molded in one piece, which are then each in the invention trained openings of the other segment are driven. More special Advantage of the present invention is that the design of the anchor accordingly the respective requirements is practically possible and that the dowel in particular can be made completely rigid.
- connection ensures a secure hold of the anchor with great strength.
- the deflection of the tube in the radial direction is limited by the wall of the bore is, so that there is no kinking or other damage even with incorrect handling can come.
- the insertion of the dowel is facilitated in that the tube is preferably in essentially flush with the edge surface and in the area of the edge surface to the outside is expanded.
- the sufficient deformation of the tube can be advantageous be ensured that the tube is designed as a steel tube, which in the main body of the Segment is molded, preferably the bore by at least 10%, preferably is made deeper than the intended by at least 20% of the diameter of the tube Depth of penetration of the anchor. It is particularly preferred if the gap is between 5% and 20% of the diameter of the pipe is wide.
- the present invention relates to an arrangement of segments of the above described type and a segment to be connected, which integrally formed at least one dowel which is integrally molded with the main body. This makes one special stable connection achieved with simple and inexpensive production.
- Fig. 1 is the area of a connection between a segment 1 that with a Opening 3 is equipped, and a further segment 2, which is equipped with a dowel 5 is presented, layed out.
- a tube 4 is arranged, which is concentric is formed to the opening 3, but the outer diameter is smaller than that Inner diameter of the opening 3. This creates a distance a between the tube 4 and the opening 3.
- Between the tube 4 and the opening 3 is a layer 6 of deformable Intermediate material.
- the tube 4 is in the region of an edge surface 7 of the segment 1 with a provided conical extension 4a to facilitate the penetration of the dowel 5.
- At the opposite end of the tube 4 is anchored in the main body of the segment 1 by it is poured into the concrete from which segment 1 is made.
- the segments 1 and 2 also have sealing elements 8 on their contact surface, and they are in their Provide edge area with reinforcements 9.
- the dowel 5 is essentially made in one piece with the base body of the segment 2 Concrete formed and clad with a steel tube 10 on the outside. This tube 10 protrudes into the base body of the segment 2 in order to anchor the dowel 5.
- the bore 3 is deeper than the length of the projecting part of the dowel 5, so that there is a gap d in the axial direction. Then there is the dowel 5 at its front end is chamfered, there is a total area D within which there is a lateral displacement of the tube 4 in the radial direction is possible.
- FIG. 2 corresponds to FIG. 1.
- FIG. 3 shows a detail of the segment 1 from FIG. 1, the penetrating dowel 5 is shown with broken lines. This figure is especially the Represent upgrading of the tube 4 through the dowel 5, whereby the positive connection is achieved. Furthermore, an anchoring element 11 for the tube 4 is shown in this FIG. 4 shows a cross section of the tube 4, which in this embodiment variant is provided with a bead 4b. This facilitates the deformation during insertion of the dowel 5.
- FIG. 5 shows the design of a dowel 5 in a segment 2 in detail, a reinforcement 12 is provided for anchoring the tube 10 of the dowel 5. From Fig. 6 it can be seen that the tube 10 has a circular cross section.
- the segment 1 is generally constructed from a main body 20 which hexagonal and is accordingly limited by six edge surfaces 21.
- a Outer surface 22 of segment 1 is convex, while an inner surface 23 is concave.
- two dowels 5 are provided, which are designed as described above.
- two openings 3 are provided on the opposite edge surface that are designed in the manner according to the invention corresponding to FIGS. 1 and 2.
- the receiving opening 54 is constructed from a conical wall 54a, which is closed off by a floor 54b.
- the dowels 5 also consist of a conical wall 5a, which is delimited by a top surface 5b.
- the receiving opening is on the conical wall 54a 54 an insert 55 made of a to a certain extent compliant plastic attached, which is compressed by the penetration of the dowel 5, like this is indicated by the broken line 56.
- the broken line 56 is indicated by the broken line 56.
- FIG. 11 shows a preferred embodiment variant of a locking element 57 shown.
- the locking element 57 consists of a thin-walled sheet and is made of a conical section 57a, which is connected to the conical section 5a of the Dowel 5 is attached.
- a projecting section adjoins the conical section 57a 57b, which is delimited by a substantially flat end plate 57c.
- protruding portion 57b are cut radial slots 57d at certain intervals, to ease the deformation.
- FIG. 12 Other variants for locking are shown in FIG. 12.
- An elastic Locking element 59 is attached to the conical section 5a of the dowel 5.
- a cushion 59a made of compressible material, such as foam, intended.
- the pillow 59a is already by the Surface 54a compressed.
- an annular Groove 58 is provided, as indicated in the left half of Fig. 12, then an essentially positive connection is formed if the further penetration of the Dowel 5 snaps locking element 59 into groove 58.
- the groove 58 is not provided, as in the right half of Fig. 11, then the locking effect is significantly less, but for this it is possible to a large extent, lateral deviations between the dowels 5 and the receiving opening 54 to compensate.
- FIG. 13 shows a ring 60 which is placed on the dowel 5 and which acts as a locking element can serve.
- a ring 60 with a receiving opening is analogous to FIG. 11 54 can be combined with slot 58 or without slot.
- the ring 60 is made of rubber. If in an alternative embodiment variant the ring is made of metal, then it should it should be open and a groove 58 should be provided. The reverse is also true possible that the ring is inserted in a groove in the receiving opening 54 and in a corresponding Groove engages in the dowel 5.
- Fig. 14 an alternative embodiment of the receiving opening 54 is shown, which in the is essentially cylindrical and has a cylindrical insert 61.
- the insert 61 is deformed, so that a secure press fit is achieved.
- the locking element 62 is made from a cover plate 62a, which has outwardly projecting projections 62b on its circumference. These projections 62b snap into a corresponding shoulder, not shown, in the Receiving opening 54 and hold the dowel 5 securely in it.
- An anchor 62c in the middle the cover plate 62a is formed, at the same time provides a reinforcement element for the dowel 5 represents.
- the reinforcement element 63 consists of a cover plate 63a, a rod 63b and an anchor 63c within the Base body 51.
- a plastic cover 64 is on the conical surface of the dowel 5 attached.
- 17 is a reinforcement element, which is similar to that of FIG. 15, over the Edge of the dowel 5 protruding to hold a snap ring 65, which from a annular recess 66 of the dowel 5 protrudes.
- the snap ring becomes 65 pressed radially inwards and pressed resiliently against the receiving opening 54. In the assembled State, it is supported on a shoulder 67 of the receiving opening 54.
- FIG. 18 shows a further locking element 68.
- this locking element is shown in the original state, in which a bead-shaped crown extends outwards. This is radially inward during assembly pressed so that its edge can be supported on a shoulder 67 of the receiving opening 54.
- the present invention has been found to be particularly robust, both in the sense that the risk of damage to the segments during manipulation is low is, as well as in the sense that when inaccuracies and the like occur largely stable and permanent connection can be achieved.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
- Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
- Confectionery (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Description
- Fig. 1
- einen teilweisen Schnitt zweier benachbarter Segmente im verbundenen Zustand;
- Fig. 2
- die Segmente der Fig. 1 während des Zusammenbaus;
- Fig. 3
- einen Teilschnitt eines erfindungsgemäßen Segments;
- Fig. 4
- schematisch den Querschnitt des Rohres von dem in der Fig. 3 dargestellten Segment;
- Fig. 5
- einen Teilschnitt eines Segments mit einem angeformten Dübel; und
- Fig. 6
- schematisch einen Querschnitt des Umhüllungs-Rohrs des Dübels des Segments von Fig. 5;
- Fig. 7
- schematisch die Ausbildung eines erfindungsgemäßen Segments in einer axonometrischen Darstellung;
- Fig. 8
- einen Abschnitt eines Segments nach einer weiteren Ausführungsvariante der Erfindung mit einer Aufnahmeöffnung im Schnitt;
- Fig. 9
- einen Abschnitt eines Segments mit einem Dübel im Schnitt;
- Fig. 10
- eine Ausführungsvariante der vorliegenden Erfindung in einem Schnitt entsprechend der Fig. 8;
- Fig. 11
- das Eindringen eines Dübels eines Segments in eine Aufnahmeöffnung;
- Fig. 12 und 13
- weitere Ausführungsvarianten der vorliegenden Erfindung in einer Darstellung entsprechend der Fig. 11;
- Fig. 14
- eine weitere Ausführungsvariante der vorliegenden Erfindung in einem Schnitt entsprechend der Fig. 8;
- Fig. 15 und 16
- weitere Ausführungsvarianten der vorliegenden Erfindung in einem Schnitt entsprechend der Fig. 9;
- Fig. 17 und 18
- weitere Ausführungsvarianten der vorliegenden Erfindung in einem Schnitt entsprechend der Fig. 11.
Claims (18)
- Segment zur Auskleidung von Hohlräumen, insbesonders für den Tunnel-Ausbau, mit einem im wesentlichen schalenförmigen Hauptkörper (20), der von einer Innenfläche (23), einer Außenfläche (22) und von Randflächen (21) begrenzt ist, wobei an den Randflächen (21) mindestens eine im wesentlichen zylindrische Öffnung (3) zur Aufnahme eines Dübels (5) vorgesehen ist, in die ein beschränkt verformbares Rohr (4) ragt, wobei zwischen dem äußeren Umfang des Rohres (4) und der Wand der Öffnung (3) ein Abstand (a) vorgesehen ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Rohr (4) in einem ersten Abschnitt in den Hauptkörper (20) des Segments (1) eingeformt ist und mit dem Material, aus dem der Hauptkörper (20) besteht, ausgefüllt ist, so dass das Rohr (4) direkt im Hauptkörper (20) eingespannt ist, und daß in einem zweiten Abschnitt das Rohr (4) innen offen ist und nach außen hin der Abstand (a) zur Wand der Öffnung (3) gegeben ist.
- Segment nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in dem Abstand (a) zwischen Öffnung (3) und Rohr (4) ein verformbares Material (6) angeordnet ist.
- Segment nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Rohr (4) im wesentlichen bündig mit der Randfläche (21) abschließt und im Bereich der Randfläche (21) nach außen hin erweitert ist.
- Segment nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Rohr (4) als Stahlrohr ausgebildet ist.
- Segment nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Öffnung (3) um mindestens 10%, vorzugsweise um mindestens 20% des Durchmessers des Rohres (4) tiefer ausgeführt ist als die vorgesehene Eindringtiefe des Dübels (5).
- Segment nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Spalt (a) zwischen 5% und 20% des Durchmessers des Rohres (4) breit ist.
- Segment nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Segment einen Dübel (5) aufweist, der im wesentlichen einstückig aus dem gleichen Material wie der Hauptkörper (20) des Segments geformt ist.
- Segment nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in dem Dübel (5) ein Bewehrungs-Element (62c, 63) vorgesehen ist, das sich bis in den Hauptkörper (20) hinein erstreckt.
- Segment nach einem der Ansprüche 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß am Dübel (5) ein Verriegelungselement (57, 59, 60, 62, 65, 68) zur Verstärkung des Eingriffs in eine entsprechende Aufnahmeöffnung (54) vorgesehen ist.
- Segment nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verriegelungselement (59) außen am Dübel (5) angebracht ist, und einen Verformungsabschnitt (59a) aufweist, der beim eindringen des Dübels (5) in die Aufnahmeöffnung (54) mit einer Nut (58) in der Aufnahmeöffnung (54) in Eingriff kommt.
- Segment nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verriegelungsselement (57, 62, 65, 68) einen Federabschnitt aufweist, der beim Eindringen des Dübels (5) in die Aufnahmeöffnung (54) in eine entsprechende Ausnehmung (58) in der Aufnahmeöffnung (54) einschnappt.
- Segment nach einem der Ansprüche 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in der Aufnahmeöffnung (54) ein Verriegelungselement zur Verstärkung des Eingriffs mit einem entsprechenden Dübel (5) vorgesehen ist.
- Segment nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Aufnahmeöffnung (54) mit einer nachgiebigen Auskleidung (55, 61) versehen ist.
- Segment nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Dübel (5) mit einer Deckplatte (62a, 63a, 68) versehen ist, das vorzugsweise mit einem Bewehrungselement (62c,63) verbunden ist, oder einstückig mit diesem ausgeführt ist.
- Segment nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Hauptkörper (20) im wesentlichen sechseckig ausgebildet ist, und daß an einer Randfläche zwei oder mehr Dübel (5) vorgesehen sind, und daß an der gegenüberliegenden Randfläche eine entsprechende Anzahl von öffnungen (3) angeordnet ist.
- Anordnung von Segmenten nach Anspruch 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an einem Segment an mindestens einer Randfläche Führungskörper vorgesehen sind, die dazu bestimmt sind, in entsprechende Nuten (58) in einer Randfläche eines benachbarten Segments einzugreifen.
- Anordnung von Segmenten, bestehend aus einem Segment (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6 und einem damit zu verbindenden Segment (2), das mindestens einen Dübel (5) angeformt hat, der einstückig mit dem Hauptkörper (20) geformt ist.
- Anordnung nach Anspruch 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Dübel (5) von einem Stahlrohr (10) umschlossen ist, das teilweise in den Hauptkörper (20) des Segments (2) eingeformt ist.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT1616959 | 1995-09-29 | ||
AT161695 | 1995-09-29 | ||
AT202995A AT404158B (de) | 1995-12-14 | 1995-12-14 | Segment zur auskleidung von hohlräumen |
AT2029959 | 1995-12-14 | ||
PCT/AT1996/000174 WO1997013054A1 (de) | 1995-09-29 | 1996-09-27 | Segment zur auskleidung von hohlräumen |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0791125A1 EP0791125A1 (de) | 1997-08-27 |
EP0791125B1 true EP0791125B1 (de) | 2001-07-18 |
Family
ID=25596326
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP96932362A Expired - Lifetime EP0791125B1 (de) | 1995-09-29 | 1996-09-27 | Segment zur auskleidung von hohlräumen |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5992118A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0791125B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP3213814B2 (de) |
CN (1) | CN1061410C (de) |
AT (1) | ATE203305T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU7119896A (de) |
DE (1) | DE59607315D1 (de) |
DK (1) | DK0791125T3 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2161374T3 (de) |
PT (1) | PT791125E (de) |
WO (1) | WO1997013054A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT406893B (de) | 1997-11-28 | 2000-10-25 | Schubert Wulf Dipl Ing Dr | Vorrichtung zum gegenseitigen abstützen zweier segmente einer in umfangsrichtung durch kontraktionsfugen unterteilten tunnelauskleidung |
US20050032930A1 (en) * | 2003-07-02 | 2005-02-10 | Christian Jackson | Inkjet ink |
US7192472B2 (en) * | 2003-09-18 | 2007-03-20 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Inkjet ink composition |
EP1564369B1 (de) * | 2004-02-16 | 2007-12-12 | Kalman Prof. Dr. Kovari | Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Stabilisieren eines beim Untertagebau ausgebrochenen Hohlraumes |
US8122680B2 (en) * | 2006-07-05 | 2012-02-28 | High Concrete Group Llc | Concrete conduit members |
EP2042686B1 (de) * | 2007-09-27 | 2009-07-08 | Bochumer Eisenhütte Heintzmann GmbH & Co. KG | Nachgiebigkeitselement |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE528236A (de) * | ||||
US3780484A (en) * | 1970-10-26 | 1973-12-25 | G Muse | Universal blocks |
CH516049A (de) * | 1971-01-22 | 1971-11-30 | Schafir & Mugglin Ag | Verfahren zum Verbinden von vorfabrizierten Elementen, wie Tübbinge und Pressrohre |
JPS4825343A (de) * | 1971-08-07 | 1973-04-02 | ||
DE2457427A1 (de) * | 1974-12-05 | 1976-06-10 | Wayss & Freytag Ag | Tuebbing mit selbstverriegelnden verbindungs-elementen fuer den ausbau von tunneln und schaechten |
JPS52153323A (en) * | 1976-06-16 | 1977-12-20 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | Signal draw-out method for reproduction unit of disk recording medium |
GB2103684B (en) * | 1981-08-07 | 1985-09-04 | Commercial Shearing | Tunnel liners |
US4741135A (en) * | 1985-06-05 | 1988-05-03 | Martinez Baena Juan A | Modular structure for a prefabricated building |
AT395893B (de) * | 1990-01-10 | 1993-03-25 | Mayreder Kraus & Co Ing | Befestigungsvorrichtung zum verbinden von bauteilen |
US5189859A (en) * | 1990-07-05 | 1993-03-02 | Payer William J | Modulized space truss assembly |
-
1996
- 1996-09-27 AT AT96932362T patent/ATE203305T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-09-27 JP JP51381497A patent/JP3213814B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-09-27 WO PCT/AT1996/000174 patent/WO1997013054A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1996-09-27 DE DE59607315T patent/DE59607315D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-09-27 AU AU71198/96A patent/AU7119896A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-09-27 CN CN96191147A patent/CN1061410C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-09-27 ES ES96932362T patent/ES2161374T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-09-27 PT PT96932362T patent/PT791125E/pt unknown
- 1996-09-27 US US08/849,096 patent/US5992118A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-09-27 DK DK96932362T patent/DK0791125T3/da active
- 1996-09-27 EP EP96932362A patent/EP0791125B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH10510019A (ja) | 1998-09-29 |
CN1169767A (zh) | 1998-01-07 |
ES2161374T3 (es) | 2001-12-01 |
AU7119896A (en) | 1997-04-28 |
EP0791125A1 (de) | 1997-08-27 |
PT791125E (pt) | 2002-01-30 |
CN1061410C (zh) | 2001-01-31 |
DE59607315D1 (de) | 2001-08-23 |
JP3213814B2 (ja) | 2001-10-02 |
ATE203305T1 (de) | 2001-08-15 |
US5992118A (en) | 1999-11-30 |
WO1997013054A1 (de) | 1997-04-10 |
DK0791125T3 (da) | 2001-11-05 |
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