EP0692625A1 - Buse d'une soupape d'injection de combustible et procédé d'injection de combustible dans un moteur à combustion interne - Google Patents

Buse d'une soupape d'injection de combustible et procédé d'injection de combustible dans un moteur à combustion interne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0692625A1
EP0692625A1 EP94810420A EP94810420A EP0692625A1 EP 0692625 A1 EP0692625 A1 EP 0692625A1 EP 94810420 A EP94810420 A EP 94810420A EP 94810420 A EP94810420 A EP 94810420A EP 0692625 A1 EP0692625 A1 EP 0692625A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nozzle head
fuel
opening
nozzle
interfering
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP94810420A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0692625B1 (fr
Inventor
Dr. Jakob Vollerweider
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wartsila NSD Schweiz AG
Original Assignee
Winterthur Gas and Diesel AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Winterthur Gas and Diesel AG filed Critical Winterthur Gas and Diesel AG
Priority to EP19940810420 priority Critical patent/EP0692625B1/fr
Priority to DE59409040T priority patent/DE59409040D1/de
Priority to DK94810420T priority patent/DK0692625T3/da
Priority to JP15648695A priority patent/JP3738053B2/ja
Priority to KR1019950019718A priority patent/KR100386183B1/ko
Priority to FI953430A priority patent/FI106740B/fi
Priority to CN95108417A priority patent/CN1066802C/zh
Publication of EP0692625A1 publication Critical patent/EP0692625A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0692625B1 publication Critical patent/EP0692625B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/162—Means to impart a whirling motion to fuel upstream or near discharging orifices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames
    • F02F2007/0097—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames for large diesel engines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a nozzle head for a fuel injection nozzle according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention further relates to a method for injecting fuel into an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 12.
  • the invention further relates to a fuel injection nozzle and an internal combustion engine with a nozzle head according to the invention.
  • Fuel injection nozzles are usually used in combination with injection valves in order to inject a fuel, possibly also together with compressed air or other gases, into the combustion chamber of a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine.
  • the fuel jet formation in the combustion chamber that occurs during injection is usually determined by the geometric properties of the fuel injection nozzle.
  • a nozzle for a fuel injection valve which has fixedly arranged, swirl-generating surfaces within the nozzle head, so that a fuel jet emerges from the nozzle head with swirl, and thereby atomizes easily.
  • a disadvantage of this known embodiment of a nozzle is that the fuel jet emerges uniformly.
  • the nozzle head according to the invention has, in its interior, movable interfering bodies which are set in motion due to the fuel flowing through the nozzle head, so that the flow against the nozzle holes is constantly changed, which greatly increases the degree of turbulence of the outflowing fuel.
  • the movement of the interfering body modulates, among other things, the amount of fuel escaping, the exit velocity and the direction of flow as a function of time.
  • the design of a disruptive body can be divided into two fundamentally different embodiments.
  • a disruptive body consists of a body that is partially firmly connected to the nozzle head, the body comprising a part that projects into the interior of the nozzle head and is free is mobile.
  • An exemplary embodiment of such a disruptive body is, for example, a rod clamped on one side, which on the one hand is firmly anchored in the nozzle head and on the other hand can vibrate in the interior of the nozzle head.
  • Such an interference body is arranged in the interior of the nozzle head in such a way that the fuel flowing through excites the interference body to vibrate.
  • a clamped, for example rod-shaped, disturbing body is designed such that one end projects into a nozzle hole and is freely movable within the nozzle hole.
  • the rod-shaped interfering body is set into high-frequency vibration by the flowing fuel.
  • the annular gap geometry of the nozzle hole is constantly changed over time, and thus also the speed vectors over the annular gap formed between the nozzle hole and the rod-shaped interfering body.
  • the asymmetry of the speed distribution designed in this way leads to a high degree of turbulence when the fuel escapes.
  • a disturbing body consists of a body which is freely movable, for example rotatably arranged in the interior of the nozzle head. Such a disturbing body is set in motion, for example in rotation, by the flowing fuel. As a result of this movement, the inlet openings of the nozzle holes are constantly partially or completely closed and opened again by the disturbing body, which causes the fuel to emerge from the nozzle hole in a pulsating, turbulent manner.
  • the interfering body is designed such that the flowing fuel sets the interfering body in motion, for example in that the interfering body is designed as a helical gear, the fuel flowing through the toothing causing the interfering body to rotate.
  • a freely movable interfering body for example also spherical or elliptically shaped interfering bodies.
  • One advantage of the invention is that the combustion process in the combustion chamber takes place with a reduced emission of nitrogen oxides (NOx) due to the turbulent fuel jet pattern.
  • the vortices formed at the edge of the fuel jet have the effect that some flue gas is also drawn into the combustion zone, which is referred to as "internal flue gas recirculation".
  • the inert flue gas lowers the partial pressure of oxygen and thus the temperature in the flame, which leads to a reduction in nitrogen oxide emissions even at low recirculation rates.
  • a further advantage of the nozzle head according to the invention can be seen in the fact that the interfering bodies can be integrated into nozzle heads of known embodiments, so that a nozzle head according to the invention can be constructed in the same way as already known embodiments, so that existing nozzle heads can be easily replaced by nozzle heads according to the invention.
  • Another advantage is that the interfering bodies are set in motion by the flowing fuel, so that no additional and complex drive is required to move the interfering bodies.
  • Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section of a fuel injector 20, as used for example in large diesel engines.
  • the nozzle head 2 is connected to a nozzle body 1 and has a cavity 9, an opening 5 or inlet 5 for supplying fuel, and at least one opening 6 for dispensing fuel.
  • the cavity 9 is cylindrical and has an axis B.
  • the nozzle hole 6 has an inlet opening 6a and an outlet opening 6b.
  • the pressurized Fuel is supplied to the opening 5 through a bore 4, the inflow amount being controllable by a spring-loaded needle 3.
  • the nozzle holes 6 are arranged depending on the position of the nozzles in the combustion chamber. In the case of peripheral injection, as is customary in 2-stroke engines, the nozzle holes are bundled and pointing in one direction. In 4-stroke engines, injection is usually carried out through a central nozzle, which is why the nozzle holes 6 are arranged uniformly over the circumference of the nozzle head 2. For the sake of clarity, the interfering bodies are not shown in FIG. 1.
  • Fig. 2 the lower region of a nozzle head 2 is shown, with nozzle holes 6 and a cavity 9.
  • rod-shaped interfering bodies 7 are arranged, which are fastened on one side of the cavity 9 with an anchor 8 in the nozzle head 2, and which protrude into a nozzle hole 6 on the other side of the cavity 9.
  • the diameter of the nozzle hole 6 is chosen to be larger than the diameter of the disturbing body 7, the disturbing body 7 having no contact with the nozzle hole 6 in its rest position.
  • the rod-shaped interfering bodies 7 can be inserted into the nozzle head 2 via the nozzle hole 6 during manufacture.
  • a bore 8 can be made in the rear extension of the axes of the nozzle hole 6, into which the rod-shaped interfering body can be inserted and can be fixed by brazing.
  • the rod-shaped interfering bodies 7 are preferably dimensioned and arranged in the cavity 9 in such a way that they are set into high-frequency vibration by the fuel flow in the cavity 9 forming a blind hole, which has the effect that the annular gap geometry of the cross section available for the outflowing fuel in the nozzle hole 6 is changed or modulated accordingly in time, which also includes Velocity vectors of the outflowing fuel influenced over the annular gap.
  • the vibrating interfering body 7 causes an asymmetry in the speed distribution of the outflowing fuel, which leads to a turbulence structure outside the nozzle head 2, as shown in FIG. 2a.
  • 2a shows from top to bottom the development of an emerging fuel jet 22 as a function of time, with a front 22a penetrating into the combustion chamber. It can be seen that the resulting vortices open up fjord-like passages into which flue gas is drawn, which leads to an inhibition of nitrogen oxide formation during combustion. In order to obtain the flow pattern shown, even the smallest vibration amplitudes of the rod-shaped interfering bodies 7 are sufficient.
  • FIGS. 2d and 2e it can prove to be advantageous to arrange the webs 10 in a helical manner on the disturbing body 7, so that the fuel flowing out through the nozzle hole 6 is forced into a swirling movement, which for example means an enlargement outside the nozzle hole 6 of the beam opening angle.
  • a further embodiment of a nozzle hole 6 is shown in FIGS. 2f and 2g.
  • the movable interfering body 7 is designed conically within the nozzle hole 6, so that the annular gap 6c formed between the nozzle hole 6 and the interfering body 7 extends from the inlet opening 6a to Outlet opening 6b has a conical widening.
  • An annular gap 6c designed in this way can have the advantage that the formation of coagulating fuel drops near the nozzle hole axis 6d can be prevented.
  • 2h shows an advantageous embodiment of the inlet opening 6a of the nozzle hole 6.
  • the inlet opening 6a has a rounded opening, which can be produced, for example, by electrochemical deburring. Such a rounded opening ensures that the flow conditions in the nozzle hole 6 remain constant over a long period of operation.
  • a helical spur gear 12 is inserted into the cavity 9, which is designed as a blind hole 11 with an axis of symmetry B, which is set in rotation during the injection phase by the fuel flow, so that the inlet openings 6a of the nozzle holes 6 are covered periodically.
  • the spur gear 12 is thus designed as a rotating interference body 12.
  • the spur gear 12 is cylindrical and has an axis of rotation A, which in the present exemplary embodiment is arranged congruent to the axis of symmetry B.
  • the helical spur gear 12 has recesses 12a which run over the entire width of the spur gear 12 and whose direction is inclined to the axis of rotation A such that the inflowing fuel causes the spur gear 12 to rotate.
  • a ball 14 which serves as a bearing for the rotating disturbing body 12 in order to keep the friction low.
  • the gap width 15 between the nozzle head 2 and the rotating interfering body 12 is preferably dimensioned such that low friction results.
  • the rotating interfering body 12 periodically covers the inlet opening 6a of the nozzle hole 6, so that, as shown in FIG. 3a, an emerging fuel jet 21 is created which has pulsating fronts 21a, 21b, 21c that propagate turbulently into the combustion chamber.
  • the fuel outlet is thus periodically severely disturbed, which results in multiple jet fronts 21a, 21b, 21c, so that combustion products are drawn into the fuel jet because of the turbulence intensity there, which leads to the desired inhibition of nitrogen oxide formation.
  • the nozzle hole 6 can be cylindrical, with a flat inner wall, or, as shown in FIGS. 3b and 3c, can be designed to induce swirl by the nozzle hole 6 having a groove 16 running spirally in the inner wall.
  • the nozzle hole 6 and its inner wall can be designed in any desired form, since the pulsating behavior of the fuel flow is generated at the inlet opening 6a.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
EP19940810420 1994-07-15 1994-07-15 Buse d'une soupape d'injection de combustible Expired - Lifetime EP0692625B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19940810420 EP0692625B1 (fr) 1994-07-15 1994-07-15 Buse d'une soupape d'injection de combustible
DE59409040T DE59409040D1 (de) 1994-07-15 1994-07-15 Düsenkopf für eine Brennstoffeinspritzdüse
DK94810420T DK0692625T3 (da) 1994-07-15 1994-07-15 Dysehoved til en brændstofindsprøjtningsdyse
JP15648695A JP3738053B2 (ja) 1994-07-15 1995-06-22 燃料噴射ノズル用ノズルヘッド
KR1019950019718A KR100386183B1 (ko) 1994-07-15 1995-07-06 연료분사노즐용노즐헤드및내연기관에의연료분사방법
FI953430A FI106740B (fi) 1994-07-15 1995-07-13 Suutinpää polttoaineen suihkutussuutinta varten
CN95108417A CN1066802C (zh) 1994-07-15 1995-07-14 喷油嘴的喷嘴头及其喷油嘴和内燃机

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19940810420 EP0692625B1 (fr) 1994-07-15 1994-07-15 Buse d'une soupape d'injection de combustible

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0692625A1 true EP0692625A1 (fr) 1996-01-17
EP0692625B1 EP0692625B1 (fr) 1999-12-29

Family

ID=8218285

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19940810420 Expired - Lifetime EP0692625B1 (fr) 1994-07-15 1994-07-15 Buse d'une soupape d'injection de combustible

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0692625B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3738053B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR100386183B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1066802C (fr)
DE (1) DE59409040D1 (fr)
DK (1) DK0692625T3 (fr)
FI (1) FI106740B (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005042968A1 (fr) * 2003-10-29 2005-05-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Soupape d'injection de carburant
FR2888618A1 (fr) 2005-07-13 2007-01-19 Renault Sas Buse d'injection de gazole
DE10046599B4 (de) * 1999-05-13 2007-12-06 Mitsubishi Denki K.K. Kraftstoffeinspritzventil
US10151235B2 (en) 2017-03-07 2018-12-11 Caterpillar Inc. Ducted combustion system for an internal combustion engine

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DK1353061T3 (da) * 2002-04-11 2008-06-23 Waertsilae Nsd Schweiz Ag Dysehoved til brændstofindspröjtningsdyse
EP2333307A4 (fr) * 2008-09-24 2013-03-13 Toyota Motor Co Ltd Soupape d'injection de carburant pour moteur à combustion interne et son procédé de fabrication
CN104265530B (zh) * 2014-07-31 2016-08-31 中国第一汽车股份有限公司无锡油泵油嘴研究所 电控内燃机喷射器控制阀
CN105275698B (zh) * 2015-11-13 2017-11-10 吉林大学 一种发动机用变频喷油嘴
CN105715438A (zh) * 2016-03-30 2016-06-29 无锡美羊动力科技有限公司 内置三角转齿的高效柴油机喷油嘴
CN105715440A (zh) * 2016-03-30 2016-06-29 无锡美羊动力科技有限公司 除油腻型柴油机喷油嘴
CN105715439A (zh) * 2016-03-30 2016-06-29 无锡美羊动力科技有限公司 内置双磨齿防堵塞型柴油机喷油嘴
CN106150820A (zh) * 2016-07-12 2016-11-23 江西汇尔油泵油嘴有限公司 扰动柴油的方法以及喷油嘴
CN108533377A (zh) * 2018-04-16 2018-09-14 浙江创格科技有限公司 一种高冷却效率的喷嘴总成
DK180103B1 (en) * 2018-12-11 2020-05-04 MAN Energy Solutions Internal combustion engine

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1028215A (fr) * 1950-11-21 1953-05-20 Augustin Chantiers Et Ateliers Perfectionnements aux pulvérisateurs de combustible
CH340093A (de) * 1956-05-12 1959-07-31 Sulzer Ag Brennstoffeinspritzdüse und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
US4796816A (en) * 1987-09-21 1989-01-10 Gregory Khinchuk Impinging-jet fuel injection nozzle
EP0551633A1 (fr) * 1992-01-14 1993-07-21 Robert Bosch Gmbh Injecteur de carburant pour moteur à combustion interne

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1028215A (fr) * 1950-11-21 1953-05-20 Augustin Chantiers Et Ateliers Perfectionnements aux pulvérisateurs de combustible
CH340093A (de) * 1956-05-12 1959-07-31 Sulzer Ag Brennstoffeinspritzdüse und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
US4796816A (en) * 1987-09-21 1989-01-10 Gregory Khinchuk Impinging-jet fuel injection nozzle
EP0551633A1 (fr) * 1992-01-14 1993-07-21 Robert Bosch Gmbh Injecteur de carburant pour moteur à combustion interne

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10046599B4 (de) * 1999-05-13 2007-12-06 Mitsubishi Denki K.K. Kraftstoffeinspritzventil
WO2005042968A1 (fr) * 2003-10-29 2005-05-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Soupape d'injection de carburant
FR2888618A1 (fr) 2005-07-13 2007-01-19 Renault Sas Buse d'injection de gazole
US10151235B2 (en) 2017-03-07 2018-12-11 Caterpillar Inc. Ducted combustion system for an internal combustion engine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1133394A (zh) 1996-10-16
DK0692625T3 (da) 2000-04-17
EP0692625B1 (fr) 1999-12-29
JPH0849634A (ja) 1996-02-20
FI106740B (fi) 2001-03-30
FI953430A (fi) 1996-01-16
FI953430A0 (fi) 1995-07-13
CN1066802C (zh) 2001-06-06
KR100386183B1 (ko) 2003-08-06
DE59409040D1 (de) 2000-02-03
JP3738053B2 (ja) 2006-01-25

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