EP0644558B2 - Structure d'isolement pour câble - Google Patents
Structure d'isolement pour câble Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0644558B2 EP0644558B2 EP94402087A EP94402087A EP0644558B2 EP 0644558 B2 EP0644558 B2 EP 0644558B2 EP 94402087 A EP94402087 A EP 94402087A EP 94402087 A EP94402087 A EP 94402087A EP 0644558 B2 EP0644558 B2 EP 0644558B2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- matrix
- une
- semiconductor
- layer
- structure according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B9/00—Power cables
- H01B9/02—Power cables with screens or conductive layers, e.g. for avoiding large potential gradients
- H01B9/027—Power cables with screens or conductive layers, e.g. for avoiding large potential gradients composed of semi-conducting layers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B9/00—Power cables
- H01B9/02—Power cables with screens or conductive layers, e.g. for avoiding large potential gradients
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a structure insulation for medium, high and very high cables voltage carrying direct or alternating current.
- These cables are generally made up of a conductive core surrounded by an isolation structure which is coaxial to it.
- This structure includes minus a first semiconductor layer placed at the contact of the cable core, itself surrounded by a second electrically insulating layer, in turn covered by a third semiconductor layer.
- Other outer layers are used to protect the cable.
- the insulating layer is usually based high density or low density polyethylene, polyethylene crosslinked, or even terpolymer of ethylenepropylene-diene to the main methylene chain (EPDM).
- Semiconductor layers are generally composed of a polar matrix, most often a copolymer of ethylene and alkyl acrylate, which is charged with carbon black.
- the amount of charge varies depending on the nature of the carbon black used.
- the proportion of filler is generally between 28% and 40%.
- the dielectric strength of such a cable is very linked to the quality of the interface between the semiconductor layer and the insulating layer.
- the slightest roughness in level of this interface can cause strengthening of the electric field and lead to breakdown and the perforation of the insulating layer.
- the matrix of semiconductor layers high voltage cables currently marketed is generally based on a polymer high melt index or melt index of around 17 (A high "melt index” is the sign of the presence of low molar masses, it is measured according to standards ASTM reference D1238 or NFT 51-016), and having a very wide distribution in molar masses. But we found in the insulating layer, near semiconductor layers, the appearance of charges of space whose accumulation leads to deterioration dielectric strength of the insulation up to breakdown.
- Some semiconductor manufacturers use apolar matrices based on a copolymer of ethylene (EPR: thermoplastic ethylene-propylene elastomer, or EPDM: ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer to main chain methylene), to which they add oils or plasticizers to facilitate obtaining a good surface condition of the layer semiconductor. These oils or plasticizers diffuse in the insulating layer and create at the interface between the semiconductor layer and the insulating layer, where the electric field is the highest, a region lower dielectric strength.
- EPR thermoplastic ethylene-propylene elastomer
- EPDM ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer to main chain methylene
- the object of the present invention is to provide an insulation structure for medium, high cables, and very high voltage carrying direct current or AC, having dielectric characteristics more stable over time than those known up to present.
- the object of the present invention is a structure insulation for cable comprising at least one first contiguous and coaxial semiconductor layer at the core of the cable, surrounded by a second layer electrically insulating, itself covered by a third semiconductor layer.
- Semiconductor layers consist exclusively of a matrix containing only apolar polymers of molar mass greater than 1000, and a conductive charge.
- the components of the matrix have a molecular weight greater than 5000.
- the semiconductor layers contain low molecular weight compounds or additives, like oils or plasticizers, these compounds migrate into the insulating layer. This phenomenon has as a consequence the formation of space charges which will cause electric field strengthening and can later lead to breakdowns.
- This field reinforcement is linked to the amount of loads trained but also their mobility: a quantity of uniformly distributed charges giving no field reinforcement as important as the same amount of localized charges. This migration may occur during implementation or at during cable operation.
- a semiconductor layer of composition according to the invention comprising only high molecular weight compounds, prevents migration of species in the insulating layer and thereby the accumulation of space charges near the interfaces.
- the polymers are chosen from polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, and their copolymers, alloys polymers chosen from polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, and their copolymers, and mixtures of the compounds chosen from polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, their copolymers, and the alloys previously mentioned.
- the polymers are chosen from thermoplastic elastomers polyolefins and their mixtures.
- the present invention has the advantage of stabilizing the dielectric characteristics of the structure isolation by suppressing compound migration of low molar mass. As a result, the quality of the interface between the different layers becomes a parameter less critical.
- the filler is a carbon black containing the less possible impurities.
- the pressure wave test is carried out at using the installation shown in Figure 1. This test assesses the strengthening of the electric field in an isolation structure.
- the installation shown in Figure 1 is consists of a 10 "YAg" laser whose beam is sent on a target 11 corresponding to sample 1 of which each semiconductor constitutes an electrode (+) and (-).
- This beam absorbed at the surface of the electrode 2 (-) decomposes this surface by pyrolysis, and the gases emitted cause a pressure wave to pass through the sample.
- This wave modulates the image charges on the electrodes and gives access to the charge density volume in the sample.
- a photodiode 12 makes it possible to synchronize a detector 13 with laser 10.
- the circuit is electrically powered by a high voltage power supply 14 provided resistance 15.
- the data recorded are transferred to be processed by a computer 16 and represented as a function of time on a graphic recorder 17.
- the laser 10 sends a wave to the target 11 causing space charges to appear and modification of the distribution of the electric field which then is measured by the detector 13.
- a sample similar to that described in example 4 is prepared but by adding to the matrix semiconductor layers, paraffinic oil at a rate of 5% by weight relative to the matrix.
Landscapes
- Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Conductive Materials (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Insulating Bodies (AREA)
- Installation Of Indoor Wiring (AREA)
Description
- la figure 1 montre le schéma général de l'installation d'essai de l'onde de pression,
- la figure 2 représente une vue de dessus de l'échantillon de la structure d'isolement pour l'essai de l'onde de pression,
- la figure 3 une coupe schématique de l'échantillon de la figure 2.
- une première couche 2 semi-conductrice d'épaisseur B 0,5mm,
- une deuxième couche 3 électriquement isolante d'épaisseur C 0,8mm,
- une troisième couche 4 semi-conductrice identique à la couche 2.
- une première couche semi-conductrice composée d'une matrice polaire à base d'un copolymère d'éthylène et d'acrylate d'alkyl dont le "melt index" a pour valeur 8 et dont la teneur en ester est de 20%, à laquelle est ajoutée une charge de noir d'acétylène dans une proportion de 66 parts en poids par rapport à 100 parts de la matrice,
- une deuxième couche électriquement isolante composée d'un élastomère thermoplastique oléfinique,
- une troisième couche semi-conductnce identique à la première couche.
- une première couche semi-conductrice composée d'une matrice polaire à base d'un copolymère d'éthylène et d'acrylate d'alkyl dont le "melt index" a pour valeur 8 et dont la teneur en ester est de 20%, à laquelle est ajoutée une charge de noir d'acétylène dans une proportion de 66 parts en poids par rapport à 100 parts de la matrice,
- une deuxième couche électriquement isolante composée d'un polyéthylène réticulé chimiquement (PRC),
- une troisième couche semi-conductrice identique à la première couche.
- une première couche semi-conductrice composée d'une matrice apolaire à laquelle est ajoutée une charge de noir d'acétylène dans une proportion de 66 parts en poids par rapport à 100 parts de la matrice; la matrice contient d'une part 20% de polyéthylène (PE) dont le "melt index" a pour valeur 2 et dont la masse molaire est comprise entre 103 et 107 et centrée sur 1.1.106, et d'autre part 80% d'un copolymère d'éthylène et de propylène contenant environ 50% en poids d'éthylène dont la viscosité "MOONEY" (mesurée selon la norme NFT 43005) est de l'ordre de 40 et dont la masse molaire est comprise entre 103 et 107 et centrée sur 1,2.105,
- une deuxième couche électriquement isolante composée d'un polyéthylène réticulé chimiquement (PRC),
- une troisième couche semi-conductrice identique à la première couche.
- une première couche semi-conductrice composée d'une matrice apolaire à laquelle est ajoutée une charge de noir d'acétylène dans une proportion de 66 parts en poids par rapport à 100 parts de la matrice; la matrice contient d'une part 20% de polyéthylène (PE) dont le "melt index" a pour valeur 2 et dont la masse molaire est centrée sur 1,1.106, et d'autre part 80% d'un copolymère d'éthylène et de propylène contenant environ 50% en poids d'éthylène dont la viscosité "MOONEY" (selon la norme NFT 43005) est de l'ordre de 40 et dont la masse molaire est comprise entre 103 et 107 et centrée sur 1,2.105,
- une deuxième couche électriquement isolante composée d'un élastomère thermoplastique oléfinique,
- une troisième couche semi-conductrice identique à la première couche.
Claims (5)
- Structure d'isolement pour câble comportant au moins une première couche semi-conductrice contigüe et coaxiale à l'âme du câble, entourée d'une deuxième couche électriquement isolante, elle-même recouverte par une troisième couche semi-conductrice, caractérisée par le fait que lesdites couches semi-conductrices sont composées exclusivement d'une matrice ne comportant que des polymères apolaires, de masse molaire supérieure à 1000, et d'une charge conductrice.
- Structure selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle les composants de ladite matrice ont une masse molaire supérieure à 5000.
- Structure selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, dans laquelle ladite matrice est choisie parmi le polyéthylène, le polypropylène, le polystyrène, et leurs copolymères, les alliages de polymères choisis parmi le polyéthylène, le polypropylène, le polystyrène, et leurs copolymères, et les mélanges des composés précédemment cités.
- Structure selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, dans laquelle ladite matrice est choisie parmi les élastomères, thermoplastiques polyoléfiniques et leurs mélanges.
- Structure selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle ladite charge est du noir d'acétylène.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9311234 | 1993-09-21 | ||
FR9311234A FR2710447B1 (fr) | 1993-09-21 | 1993-09-21 | Structure d'isolement pour câble. |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0644558A1 EP0644558A1 (fr) | 1995-03-22 |
EP0644558B1 EP0644558B1 (fr) | 1999-06-02 |
EP0644558B2 true EP0644558B2 (fr) | 2003-05-28 |
Family
ID=9451076
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP94402087A Expired - Lifetime EP0644558B2 (fr) | 1993-09-21 | 1994-09-20 | Structure d'isolement pour câble |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0644558B2 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP3658018B2 (fr) |
KR (1) | KR100323179B1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN1122285C (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69418804T3 (fr) |
DK (1) | DK0644558T4 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2710447B1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2004178867A (ja) * | 2002-11-25 | 2004-06-24 | Mitsubishi Cable Ind Ltd | 電力ケーブル |
EP1978040B1 (fr) | 2004-09-10 | 2015-06-17 | Borealis Technology Oy | Composition polymère semi-conductrice |
JP4866545B2 (ja) * | 2004-12-03 | 2012-02-01 | 株式会社フジクラ | ケーブルおよび撚合せ型ケーブル |
CH698074B1 (de) * | 2005-11-11 | 2009-05-15 | Studer Ag Draht & Kabelwerk | Mehrleiterkabel für die Übertragung von rechteckig verlaufenden Wechselströmen. |
EP2711934B1 (fr) * | 2012-09-25 | 2018-07-11 | Nexans | Isolation multicouche de silicone pour câble électrique |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS54115798A (en) † | 1978-03-01 | 1979-09-08 | Fujikura Ltd | Semiconductive composition for power cable |
JPS5562610A (en) † | 1978-10-31 | 1980-05-12 | Dainichi Nippon Cables Ltd | Power cable |
JPS57199108A (en) † | 1981-06-01 | 1982-12-07 | Showa Electric Wire & Cable Co | Crosslinked polyethylene insulated power cable |
WO1993004486A1 (fr) † | 1991-08-15 | 1993-03-04 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Dispositifs electriques possedant des elements semi-conducteurs ou isolants polymeres |
EP0389611B1 (fr) † | 1988-09-30 | 1997-06-04 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Melanges lineaires d'interpolymeres ethyleniques a distribution etroite de leur poids moleculaire et de leur composition |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS57126004A (en) * | 1981-01-30 | 1982-08-05 | Nippon Unicar Co Ltd | Semiconductive polyolefin composition and cable using same |
JP3081218B2 (ja) * | 1990-06-22 | 2000-08-28 | 財団法人電力中央研究所 | ポリオレフィン絶縁ケーブルの半導電層界面改良方法 |
JP4056009B2 (ja) * | 2000-01-31 | 2008-03-05 | 東芝テック株式会社 | インライン型ポンプ |
-
1993
- 1993-09-21 FR FR9311234A patent/FR2710447B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1994
- 1994-09-17 KR KR1019940023808A patent/KR100323179B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-09-20 DE DE69418804T patent/DE69418804T3/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-09-20 EP EP94402087A patent/EP0644558B2/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-09-20 JP JP22505494A patent/JP3658018B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-09-20 DK DK94402087T patent/DK0644558T4/da active
- 1994-09-21 CN CN94113695A patent/CN1122285C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS54115798A (en) † | 1978-03-01 | 1979-09-08 | Fujikura Ltd | Semiconductive composition for power cable |
JPS5562610A (en) † | 1978-10-31 | 1980-05-12 | Dainichi Nippon Cables Ltd | Power cable |
JPS57199108A (en) † | 1981-06-01 | 1982-12-07 | Showa Electric Wire & Cable Co | Crosslinked polyethylene insulated power cable |
EP0389611B1 (fr) † | 1988-09-30 | 1997-06-04 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Melanges lineaires d'interpolymeres ethyleniques a distribution etroite de leur poids moleculaire et de leur composition |
WO1993004486A1 (fr) † | 1991-08-15 | 1993-03-04 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Dispositifs electriques possedant des elements semi-conducteurs ou isolants polymeres |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2710447B1 (fr) | 1995-11-10 |
KR100323179B1 (ko) | 2002-06-27 |
DE69418804D1 (de) | 1999-07-08 |
EP0644558B1 (fr) | 1999-06-02 |
DK0644558T3 (da) | 1999-12-13 |
FR2710447A1 (fr) | 1995-03-31 |
EP0644558A1 (fr) | 1995-03-22 |
KR950009752A (ko) | 1995-04-24 |
JP3658018B2 (ja) | 2005-06-08 |
CN1108789A (zh) | 1995-09-20 |
DE69418804T3 (de) | 2004-04-01 |
DE69418804T2 (de) | 1999-12-09 |
DK0644558T4 (da) | 2003-09-22 |
JPH07169324A (ja) | 1995-07-04 |
CN1122285C (zh) | 2003-09-24 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP1128395B1 (fr) | Câble d'énergie haute et très haute tension à courant continu | |
FR2950728A1 (fr) | Cable electrique a moyenne ou haute tension | |
EP0660483B1 (fr) | Dispositif pour la jonction de câbles d'énergie | |
CA2693853A1 (fr) | Cable electrique a haute tension | |
FR2501897A1 (fr) | Cable isole a haute tension | |
FR2972560A1 (fr) | Cable electrique a moyenne ou haute tension | |
FR3064106A1 (fr) | Cable electrique presentant une conductivite thermique amelioree | |
EP3671769A1 (fr) | Câble électrique ayant une tenue au vieillissement en température améliorée | |
EP0644558B2 (fr) | Structure d'isolement pour câble | |
FR2937041A1 (fr) | Composition semi-conductrice pour cables electriques | |
FR3021451A1 (fr) | Cable electrique comprenant une couche reticulee | |
EP2136376B1 (fr) | Câble électrique a haute tension | |
EP1280167B1 (fr) | Ecran semi-conducteur pour cable d'énergie | |
FR2972559A1 (fr) | Cable electrique a moyenne ou haute tension | |
FR2485245A1 (fr) | Varistance a l'oxyde de zinc perfectionnee et parafoudre utilisant de telles varistances | |
EP3671767A1 (fr) | Câble électrique résistant aux arborescences d'eau | |
FR2710183A1 (fr) | Câble d'énergie à rigidité diélectrique améliorée. | |
FR2939234A1 (fr) | Composition reticulable pour cable d'energie a moyenne et haute tension | |
CA3065965A1 (fr) | Cable comprenant une couche semi-conductrice facilement pelable | |
FR3127623A1 (fr) | Câble électrique comprenant une couche semi-conductrice présentant une surface lisse | |
EP2498264B1 (fr) | Câble électrique à moyenne ou haute tension | |
EP3671768A1 (fr) | Câble électrique résistant aux arborescences d'eau | |
EP3544025A1 (fr) | Câble électrique comprenant une couche polymérique facilement pelable | |
FR2601184A1 (fr) | Cable electrique de securite resistant au feu et non-propagateur de l'incendie, ainsi que son procede de fabrication | |
FR2629626A1 (fr) | Cable pour courant continu |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): DE DK FR GB IT NL SE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19950721 |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19951108 |
|
GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: ALCATEL |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): DE DK FR GB IT NL SE |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 69418804 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 19990708 |
|
GBT | Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977) |
Effective date: 19990708 |
|
ITF | It: translation for a ep patent filed |
Owner name: JACOBACCI & PERANI S.P.A. |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DK Ref legal event code: T3 |
|
PLBQ | Unpublished change to opponent data |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS OPPO |
|
PLBI | Opposition filed |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009260 |
|
PLBF | Reply of patent proprietor to notice(s) of opposition |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS OBSO |
|
26 | Opposition filed |
Opponent name: BOREALIS A/S Effective date: 20000301 |
|
NLR1 | Nl: opposition has been filed with the epo |
Opponent name: BOREALIS A/S |
|
PLBF | Reply of patent proprietor to notice(s) of opposition |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS OBSO |
|
PLBF | Reply of patent proprietor to notice(s) of opposition |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS OBSO |
|
NLS | Nl: assignments of ep-patents |
Owner name: NEXANS |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: 732E |
|
RAP2 | Party data changed (patent owner data changed or rights of a patent transferred) |
Owner name: NEXANS |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: IF02 |
|
NLT2 | Nl: modifications (of names), taken from the european patent patent bulletin |
Owner name: NEXANS |
|
PLAW | Interlocutory decision in opposition |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IDOP |
|
PLAW | Interlocutory decision in opposition |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IDOP |
|
PUAH | Patent maintained in amended form |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009272 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: PATENT MAINTAINED AS AMENDED |
|
27A | Patent maintained in amended form |
Effective date: 20030528 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Designated state(s): DE DK FR GB IT NL SE |
|
NLR2 | Nl: decision of opposition |
Effective date: 20030528 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: SE Ref legal event code: RPEO |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DK Ref legal event code: T4 |
|
GBTA | Gb: translation of amended ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(b)/1977) | ||
NLR3 | Nl: receipt of modified translations in the netherlands language after an opposition procedure | ||
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DK Payment date: 20110926 Year of fee payment: 18 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20110920 Year of fee payment: 18 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Payment date: 20110929 Year of fee payment: 18 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: V1 Effective date: 20130401 |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20120920 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DK Ref legal event code: EBP |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20120920 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20130401 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20121001 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20130919 Year of fee payment: 20 Ref country code: SE Payment date: 20130919 Year of fee payment: 20 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20130919 Year of fee payment: 20 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Payment date: 20130930 Year of fee payment: 20 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R071 Ref document number: 69418804 Country of ref document: DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R071 Ref document number: 69418804 Country of ref document: DE |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF PROTECTION Effective date: 20140923 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: SE Ref legal event code: EUG |