EP0624698A1 - Exhaust device for a barrel vault - Google Patents

Exhaust device for a barrel vault Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0624698A1
EP0624698A1 EP94401007A EP94401007A EP0624698A1 EP 0624698 A1 EP0624698 A1 EP 0624698A1 EP 94401007 A EP94401007 A EP 94401007A EP 94401007 A EP94401007 A EP 94401007A EP 0624698 A1 EP0624698 A1 EP 0624698A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
support
leaf
curved
vault
fixed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP94401007A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Franck Cronier
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CRONIER APPLICATION
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CRONIER APPLICATION
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Publication date
Application filed by CRONIER APPLICATION filed Critical CRONIER APPLICATION
Publication of EP0624698A1 publication Critical patent/EP0624698A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F7/00—Ventilation
    • F24F7/02—Roof ventilation
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/03—Sky-lights; Domes; Ventilating sky-lights
    • E04D13/0325—Sky-lights; Domes; Ventilating sky-lights provided with ventilating means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/03—Sky-lights; Domes; Ventilating sky-lights
    • E04D13/035—Sky-lights; Domes; Ventilating sky-lights characterised by having movable parts
    • E04D13/0351—Sky-lights; Domes; Ventilating sky-lights characterised by having movable parts the parts pivoting about a fixed axis
    • E04D13/0355—The parts being of vaulted shape

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a smoke extraction device for a curved vault.
  • Arched vaults are more and more frequently used in construction, either for their shape, for architectural purposes, or on the roofs of buildings for lighting buildings such as halls, gymnasiums, factories ...
  • This overhead lighting is generally achieved by arched polyester arches which are fixed near their ends on a base which has a frame shape surrounding the opening made in the roof of the building.
  • polyester arches are frequently made up of several identical parts fixed adjacent to the base.
  • arched arch structures such as arches having an aluminum structure and filling surfaces of acrylic glass or polycarbonate.
  • point skylights which comprise one or two opening leaves which are pivotally displaced by means of jacks.
  • opening elements in arched vaults. These opening elements are similar to a part of the roof and can pivot under the action of two jacks around an axis integral with the base to which they are fixed.
  • these opening elements should pivot at an angle of at least 140 °, which is made impossible by their weight and large surface area.
  • opening elements There are known opening elements, described in patent BE - A - 887,493, which are arranged opposite and are mounted on a tubular structure of steel or aluminum. Such a structure is relatively long and complicated to assemble and adjust on the arched arch.
  • a cross member of closed cross section is located in the middle of the opening, the opening elements coming to rest on this cross when closed.
  • the present invention aims to solve the aforementioned drawbacks and to provide a smoke extraction device for a curved vault which allows good smoke extraction and good ventilation of the building, without complicating construction and lengthening the assembly times of the curved structures and ensuring a good seal.
  • the smoke extraction device targeted by the invention is intended to equip a curved vault and comprises a support whose profile has a radius of curvature substantially equal to the radius of curvature of the curved vault, the support having two openings, and two leaves fixed to the support vis-à-vis, each leaf being adapted to close respectively an opening in a closed position, actuating means being adapted to pivotally pivot each leaf on said support symmetrically.
  • the device is characterized in that said support is made of polyester, said openings being separated by a groove forming a gutter.
  • the smoke extraction device therefore makes it possible to equip a curved vault with two leaves which can be pivoted symmetrically opposite one another and which thus serve as screens for each other, which prevents areas of turbulence is not created above the ventilation openings.
  • the ventilation, and especially the smoke extraction, are thus greatly improved.
  • the support due to its radius of curvature, is easily integrated into arched vaults, perfectly sealed.
  • the openings, surmounted by the leaves, are separated by a groove which plays the role of a gutter and in particular allows rainwater to be discharged.
  • the support being made of polyester, it can be produced by molding, in one piece, which facilitates its assembly.
  • the actuation means comprise a cylinder associated with each leaf, the rod of said cylinder being fixed to an articulation piece integral with the leaf.
  • the leaves are made of polycarbonate.
  • the smoke extraction device does not harm the lighting of the building.
  • the smoke extraction device 2 is intended to equip a curved vault 1 which allows the lighting of the building.
  • This device 2 comprises a support 4 whose profile has a radius of curvature substantially equal to the radius of curvature of the arched arch 1.
  • the support 4 has two openings 5, 6 to allow smoke extraction and ventilation of the building.
  • Two leaves 10 are fixed to the support 4 and are adapted to close the openings 5, 6 respectively in a first so-called closed position.
  • actuation means 14 are adapted to pivotally pivot each leaf on the support 4 symmetrically.
  • Each leaf 10 pivots about a pivot axis 12 parallel to the longitudinal direction of the arched arch 1.
  • each leaf 10 acts as a screen for the other leaf, which prevents air masses from accumulating above the openings 5, 6 and hindering the smoke extraction from the building.
  • Each opening 5, 6 is framed by a substantially vertical rim 7, each leaf 10 being fixed on a part of this rim 7.
  • the flanges 7 also have a curved profile parallel to the profile of the support 4.
  • the leaves 10 also have a curved shape and come to rest in the closed position on the edges 7.
  • the openings 5, 6 are separated by a groove 9, the walls 7 of which are formed by flanges 7 of each opening 5, 6 located opposite.
  • the groove 9 is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the arched arch 1.
  • This groove 9 plays a role of gutter and in particular allows rainwater to flow from the roof. The water is thus discharged through the sides of the aeration device, then through the vault 1.
  • sealing parts 18 equip the ends of the leaves 10 and guide the rainwater towards the groove 9 or towards the roof 1.
  • a cross member 8 extends in the openings 5, 6.
  • the groove 9 having a recess 20 in its walls 7 adapted to the passage of the cross member 8.
  • This cross member also has a curved shape and rests at its center in the groove 9. Des fixing means of the screw-nut type make it possible to maintain the crosspiece at the level of the groove 9 and also prevent the collapse of this groove 9.
  • This crosspiece 8 is generally made of steel.
  • the actuating means 14 are fixed on the cross-member 8, at a fixing point 15 around which they can pivot.
  • actuating means 14 comprise a jack 14 associated with each leaf 10, the rod of the jack 14 being fixed to an articulation piece 13 secured to the leaf 10.
  • This articulation piece 13 is fixed to a crosspiece 19 secured to the leaf 10 and is located near the end of the leaf 10 which is raised when the leaf 10 is opened.
  • These jacks 14 are either jacks CO2 tires which control the opening and closing of each leaf 10, or nitrogen cylinders which control the opening of the leaf, a mechanical return means making it possible to close the leaves 10.
  • the actuating means 14 are adapted to pivotly move each leaf 10 at an angle greater than 90 °.
  • the arrangement vis-à-vis the leaves allows, with an opening greater than 90 °, to have sufficient ventilation, unlike known devices with a single leaf which requires an opening at 140 °.
  • These jacks 14 are remotely controlled and can be associated with smoke or fire detectors to obtain the automatic opening of the leaves 10.
  • the entire smoke extraction device is symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal direction of the arched roof 1.
  • the smoke extraction device can be self-supporting up to 6 meters.
  • the support 4 is made of polyester and the leaves 10 are made of translucent polycarbonate, so as not to harm the lighting of the building.
  • the surface of the roof intended for lighting is not reduced by the smoke extraction devices.
  • the device of smoke extraction according to the invention is adaptable to a curved vault 1 consisting of a series of curved translucent polyester plates fixed side by side on a base 3, of the curb type.
  • the support 4 is fixed to the base by means of fixing 11 of the screw-nut type in the same way as the curved plates of the arch 1.
  • the smoke extraction device 2 is sealingly adjacent to the curved plates 32 as shown in FIG. 4.
  • the polyester arches 1 there is an overlap zone between the ventilation device 2 and the curved plates 32 in order to seal the vault.
  • the support 4 has a width parallel to the longitudinal dimension of the vault 1, between once and twice the width of a curved plate 32 in the longitudinal direction of the vault 1.
  • the length of the curved profile of the support 4 can vary from 1.5 meters to 6 meters, from centimeter to centimeter.
  • the leaves correspond substantially to an area of 2 meters by 3 meters.
  • the smoke extraction device 2 has a well defined structure at the time of its construction, which allows, during assembly, to assemble the curved plates 32 and the smoke extraction device 2 in a reproducible manner, without leaks or of operation due to mounting.
  • Arched vaults 1 typically have a radius of curvature between 3 and 3.3 meters.
  • the supports 4 are manufactured with a transverse profile whose radius of curvature is substantially equal to 3.15 m. This allows taking into account the elasticity of the polyester support, to adapt the supports 4 to all the vaults whose radius of curvature varies between 3 and 3.3 meters.
  • the support is preferably made by molding and is in one piece.
  • the smoke extraction device 2 according to the invention can also be adapted to a curved vault la made of aluminum.
  • the vaults 1a of this type have an aluminum structure 30 and filling panels 31 between the aluminum uprights. These filling panels 31 are made of polycarbonate or acrylic glass.
  • the support 4 is slightly modified on its transverse sides in order to present a surface which can be fixed in the aluminum uprights in the same way as the filling panels.
  • the leaves may have a flat surface, the edges 7 of the support 4 then having curved edges adjacent to the support 4 and straight edges on which the leaves 10.
  • the single cross-member can also be replaced by two cross-members which are fixed in a fixing piece housed in the groove 9.
  • the smoke extraction device can be adapted to any type of vault, whatever their radius of curvature.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)

Abstract

The exhaust (vent) device (2) for a barrel vault (1) includes a support (4) whose profile has a radius of curvature substantially equal to the radius of curvature of the barrel vault (1). The support contains two openings (5, 6) and two flaps (leaves, wings) (10) are fixed to the support (4) and are designed to close off the openings (5, 6) when shut. Used in particular for polyester barrel vaults. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de désenfumage pour une voûte cintrée.The present invention relates to a smoke extraction device for a curved vault.

Les voûtes cintrées sont de plus en plus fréquemment utilisées dans la construction, soit pour leur forme, à des fins architecturales, soit sur les couvertures des bâtiments pour l'éclairage des constructions du type halls, gymnases, usines...Arched vaults are more and more frequently used in construction, either for their shape, for architectural purposes, or on the roofs of buildings for lighting buildings such as halls, gymnasiums, factories ...

Cet éclairage zénital est généralement réalisé grâce à des voûtes cintrées en polyester qui sont fixées à proximité de leurs extrémités sur une base qui présente une forme de cadre entourant l'ouverture réalisée dans le toit du bâtiment.This overhead lighting is generally achieved by arched polyester arches which are fixed near their ends on a base which has a frame shape surrounding the opening made in the roof of the building.

Ces voûtes en polyester sont fréquemment constituées de plusieurs parties identiques fixées de manière adjacente sur la base.These polyester arches are frequently made up of several identical parts fixed adjacent to the base.

Il est nécessaire qu'une portion de la surface de toiture, équivalente à 10% de la surface au sol du bâtiment, soit réalisée en voûte translucide pour permettre l'éclairage du bâtiment.It is necessary that a portion of the roof surface, equivalent to 10% of the building floor area, be made in a translucent vault to allow the lighting of the building.

D'autres structures de voûtes cintrées sont également connues, telles que des voûtes comportant une structure en aluminium et des surfaces de remplissage en verre acrylique ou en polycarbonate.Other arched arch structures are also known, such as arches having an aluminum structure and filling surfaces of acrylic glass or polycarbonate.

Parallèlement à cette exigence d'éclairage, il est nécessaire également qu'une portion de la surface de la toiture, équivalente typiquement à 1% de la surface au sol du bâtiment, soit prévue pour permettre l'aération du bâtiment et le désenfumage par voie naturelle.In addition to this lighting requirement, it is also necessary that a portion of the roof area, typically equivalent to 1% of the building floor area, be provided to allow ventilation of the building and smoke extraction by natural.

A cette fin, on connaît des lanterneaux ponctuels qui comportent un ou deux vantaux ouvrants qui sont déplacés en pivotement grâce à des vérins.To this end, point skylights are known which comprise one or two opening leaves which are pivotally displaced by means of jacks.

Cependant, ces lanterneaux ponctuels sont destinés à être fixés sur des surfaces planes. Lors de la construction de bâtiments, il est nécessaire de créer des ouvertures supplémentaires indépendantes de celles déjà prévues pour l'éclairage, pour disposer ces lanterneaux d'aération, ce qui entraîne des complications dans la construction et dans le montage de la structure.However, these point skylights are intended to be fixed on flat surfaces. When constructing buildings, it is necessary to create additional openings independent of those already provided for lighting, to arrange these ventilation skylights, which leads to complications in the construction and in the assembly of the structure.

Un tel lanterneau est décrit dans le brevet français 2 151 541.Such a skylight is described in French patent 2,151,541.

On connaît également des éléments ouvrants dans les voûtes cintrées. Ces éléments ouvrants sont semblables à une partie de voûte et peuvent pivoter sous l'action de deux vérins autour d'un axe solidaire de la base à laquelle ils sont fixés.There are also known opening elements in arched vaults. These opening elements are similar to a part of the roof and can pivot under the action of two jacks around an axis integral with the base to which they are fixed.

Cependant, compte tenu de la largeur de ces voûtes cintrées, qui sont auto-portantes jusqu'à 6 mètres, l'angle de pivotement de l'élément ouvrant est limité, ce qui nuit à l'aération et surtout au désenfumage.However, given the width of these arched vaults, which are self-supporting up to 6 meters, the pivoting angle of the opening element is limited, which affects ventilation and above all smoke extraction.

En effet, lorsqu'il y a du vent, celui-ci est arrêté et refoulé par l'élément ouvrant qui est pivoté à 90% environ et est sensiblement vertical.In fact, when there is wind, it is stopped and driven back by the opening element which is pivoted about 90% and is substantially vertical.

Le désenfumage ne peut donc se faire correctement compte tenu des turbulences qui existent à la sortie de l'aération.Smoke extraction can therefore not be done correctly given the turbulence that exists at the outlet of the aeration.

Afin de ne pas être gêné par le vent, il faudrait que ces éléments ouvrants pivotent d'un angle de 140° au moins, ce qui est rendu impossible par leur poids et leur surface importante.In order not to be hampered by the wind, these opening elements should pivot at an angle of at least 140 °, which is made impossible by their weight and large surface area.

On connaît des éléments ouvrants, décrits dans le brevet BE - A - 887 493, qui sont disposés en vis-à-vis et sont montés sur une structure tubulaire en acier ou en aluminium. Une telle structure est relativement longue et compliquée à monter et à ajuster sur la voûte cintrée. De plus, une traverse de section transversale fermée est située au milieu de l'ouverture, les éléments ouvrants venant reposer sur cette traverse lorsqu'ils sont fermés.There are known opening elements, described in patent BE - A - 887,493, which are arranged opposite and are mounted on a tubular structure of steel or aluminum. Such a structure is relatively long and complicated to assemble and adjust on the arched arch. In addition, a cross member of closed cross section is located in the middle of the opening, the opening elements coming to rest on this cross when closed.

Une telle solution ne permet pas de résoudre les problèmes d'étanchéité et d'écoulement des eaux de pluie au milieu de l'ouverture.Such a solution does not solve the problems of sealing and rainwater flow in the middle of the opening.

La présente invention a pour but de résoudre les inconvénients précités et de proposer un dispositif de désenfumage pour une voûte cintrée qui permette un bon désenfumage et une bonne aération du bâtiment, sans pour autant compliquer la construction et allonger les temps de montage des structures cintrées et en assurant une bonne étanchéité.The present invention aims to solve the aforementioned drawbacks and to provide a smoke extraction device for a curved vault which allows good smoke extraction and good ventilation of the building, without complicating construction and lengthening the assembly times of the curved structures and ensuring a good seal.

Le dispositif de désenfumage visé par l'invention est destiné à équiper une voûte cintrée et comporte un support dont le profil a un rayon de courbure sensiblement égal au rayon de courbure de la voûte cintrée, le support comportant deux ouvertures, et deux vantaux fixés au support en vis-à-vis, chaque vantail étant adapté à obturer respectivement une ouverture dans une position fermée, des moyens d'actionnement étant adaptés à déplacer en pivotement chaque vantail sur ledit support de manière symétrique.The smoke extraction device targeted by the invention is intended to equip a curved vault and comprises a support whose profile has a radius of curvature substantially equal to the radius of curvature of the curved vault, the support having two openings, and two leaves fixed to the support vis-à-vis, each leaf being adapted to close respectively an opening in a closed position, actuating means being adapted to pivotally pivot each leaf on said support symmetrically.

Selon l'invention, le dispositif est caractérisé en ce que ledit support est en polyester, lesdites ouvertures étant séparées par une gorge formant chéneau.According to the invention, the device is characterized in that said support is made of polyester, said openings being separated by a groove forming a gutter.

Le dispositif de désenfumage selon l'invention permet donc d'équiper une voûte cintrée de deux vantaux pivotables de manière symétrique en vis-à-vis et qui servent ainsi l'un pour l'autre de paravent, ce qui empêche que des zones de turbulence ne se créent au-dessus des ouvertures d'aération.The smoke extraction device according to the invention therefore makes it possible to equip a curved vault with two leaves which can be pivoted symmetrically opposite one another and which thus serve as screens for each other, which prevents areas of turbulence is not created above the ventilation openings.

L'aération, et surtout le désenfumage, sont ainsi fortement améliorés.The ventilation, and especially the smoke extraction, are thus greatly improved.

De plus, le support, du fait de son rayon de courbure, s'intègre aisément dans les voûtes cintrées, de manière parfaitement étanche.In addition, the support, due to its radius of curvature, is easily integrated into arched vaults, perfectly sealed.

Les ouvertures, surmontées par les vantaux, sont séparées par une gorge qui joue un rôle de chéneau et permet notamment aux eaux de pluies d'être évacuées.The openings, surmounted by the leaves, are separated by a groove which plays the role of a gutter and in particular allows rainwater to be discharged.

Les deux vantaux recouvrant les ouvertures sont donc séparés l'un de l'autre grâce à cette gorge qui permet d'assurer ainsi l'étanchéité au niveau de la toiture.The two leaves covering the openings are therefore separated from each other by means of this groove which thus ensures sealing at the level of the roof.

Le support étant en polyester, il peut être réalisé par moulage, en une seule pièce, ce qui facilite son montage.The support being made of polyester, it can be produced by molding, in one piece, which facilitates its assembly.

Selon une version avantageuse de l'invention, les moyens d'actionnement comportent un vérin associé à chaque vantail, la tige dudit vérin étant fixée à une pièce d'articulation solidaire du vantail.According to an advantageous version of the invention, the actuation means comprise a cylinder associated with each leaf, the rod of said cylinder being fixed to an articulation piece integral with the leaf.

Compte tenu de la structure, un seul vérin par vantail est nécessaire pour réaliser le pivotement de celui-ci.Given the structure, only one cylinder per leaf is necessary to pivot it.

Selon une version préférée de l'invention, les vantaux sont en polycarbonate.According to a preferred version of the invention, the leaves are made of polycarbonate.

Ainsi, le dispositif de désenfumage ne nuit pas à l'éclairage du bâtiment.Thus, the smoke extraction device does not harm the lighting of the building.

L'incorporation du dispositif de désenfumage selon l'invention dans une voûte cintrée destinée à l'éclairage du bâtiment n'oblige donc pas à augmenter la longueur totale de voûte équipant le bâtiment.The incorporation of the smoke extraction device according to the invention in a curved vault intended for the lighting of the building therefore does not oblige to increase the total length of vault equipping the building.

D'autres particularités et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront encore dans la description ci-après.Other features and advantages of the invention will appear in the description below.

Aux dessins annexés donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs:

  • la figure 1 est une vue en perspective du dispositif d'aération selon l'invention;
  • la figure 2 est une vue en coupe transversale du dispositif selon l'invention en position ouverte;
  • la figure 3 est une demi-vue tronquée à échelle agrandie du dispositif de la figure 2 en position fermée;
  • la figure 4 est une vue en coupe longitudinale du dispositif selon l'invention.
In the appended drawings given by way of nonlimiting examples:
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of the ventilation device according to the invention;
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the device according to the invention in open position;
  • Figure 3 is a truncated half-view on an enlarged scale of the device of Figure 2 in the closed position;
  • Figure 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of the device according to the invention.

Comme représenté à la figure 1, le dispositif de désenfumage 2 selon l'invention est destiné à équiper une voûte cintrée 1 qui permet l'éclairage du bâtiment.As shown in Figure 1, the smoke extraction device 2 according to the invention is intended to equip a curved vault 1 which allows the lighting of the building.

Ce dispositif 2 comporte un support 4 dont le profil a un rayon de courbure sensiblement égal au rayon de courbure de la voûte cintrée 1.This device 2 comprises a support 4 whose profile has a radius of curvature substantially equal to the radius of curvature of the arched arch 1.

Le support 4 comporte deux ouvertures 5, 6 pour permettre le désenfumage et l'aération du bâtiment.The support 4 has two openings 5, 6 to allow smoke extraction and ventilation of the building.

Deux vantaux 10 sont fixés au support 4 et sont adaptés à obturer respectivement les ouvertures 5, 6 dans une première position dite fermée.Two leaves 10 are fixed to the support 4 and are adapted to close the openings 5, 6 respectively in a first so-called closed position.

Comme illustré à la figure 4, des moyens d'actionnement 14 sont adaptés à déplacer en pivotement chaque vantail sur le support 4 de manière symétrique.As illustrated in FIG. 4, actuation means 14 are adapted to pivotally pivot each leaf on the support 4 symmetrically.

Chaque vantail 10 pivote autour d'un axe de pivotement 12 parallèle à la direction longitudinale de la voûte cintrée 1.Each leaf 10 pivots about a pivot axis 12 parallel to the longitudinal direction of the arched arch 1.

Ainsi, chaque vantail 10 fait office de paravent pour l'autre vantail, ce qui empêche que des masses d'air ne s'accumulent au-dessus des ouvertures 5, 6 et ne gênent le désenfumage du bâtiment.Thus, each leaf 10 acts as a screen for the other leaf, which prevents air masses from accumulating above the openings 5, 6 and hindering the smoke extraction from the building.

Chaque ouverture 5, 6 est encadrée par un rebord 7 sensiblement vertical, chaque vantail 10 étant fixé sur une partie de ce rebord 7.Each opening 5, 6 is framed by a substantially vertical rim 7, each leaf 10 being fixed on a part of this rim 7.

Comme dans la réalisation représentée, les rebords 7 ont également un profil cintré parallèle au profil du support 4. Les vantaux 10 ont également une forme cintrée et viennent reposer en position fermée sur les rebords 7.As in the embodiment shown, the flanges 7 also have a curved profile parallel to the profile of the support 4. The leaves 10 also have a curved shape and come to rest in the closed position on the edges 7.

Les ouvertures 5, 6 sont séparées par une gorge 9 dont les parois 7 sont constituées par des rebords 7 de chaque ouverture 5, 6 situés en regard.The openings 5, 6 are separated by a groove 9, the walls 7 of which are formed by flanges 7 of each opening 5, 6 located opposite.

La gorge 9 est parallèle à la direction longitudinale de la voûte cintrée 1.The groove 9 is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the arched arch 1.

Cette gorge 9 joue un rôle de chéneau et permet notamment aux eaux de pluie de s'écouler de la toiture. L'eau est ainsi évacuée par les côtés du dispositif d'aération, puis par la voûte 1.This groove 9 plays a role of gutter and in particular allows rainwater to flow from the roof. The water is thus discharged through the sides of the aeration device, then through the vault 1.

Comme illustré à la figure 3, des pièces d'étanchéité 18 équipent les extrémités des vantaux 10 et guident les eaux de pluies vers la gorge 9 ou vers la voûte 1.As illustrated in FIG. 3, sealing parts 18 equip the ends of the leaves 10 and guide the rainwater towards the groove 9 or towards the roof 1.

Une traverse 8 s'étend dans les ouvertures 5, 6. La gorge 9 comportant un évidement 20 dans ses parois 7 adapté au passage de la traverse 8. Cette traverse a également une forme cintrée et repose en son centre dans la gorge 9. Des moyens de fixation du type vis-écrou permettent de maintenir la traverse au niveau de la gorge 9 et empêchent également l'affaissement de cette gorge 9. Cette traverse 8 est généralement en acier.A cross member 8 extends in the openings 5, 6. The groove 9 having a recess 20 in its walls 7 adapted to the passage of the cross member 8. This cross member also has a curved shape and rests at its center in the groove 9. Des fixing means of the screw-nut type make it possible to maintain the crosspiece at the level of the groove 9 and also prevent the collapse of this groove 9. This crosspiece 8 is generally made of steel.

Les moyens d'actionnement 14 sont fixés sur la traverse 8, en un point de fixation 15 autour duquel ils peuvent pivoter.The actuating means 14 are fixed on the cross-member 8, at a fixing point 15 around which they can pivot.

Ces moyens d'actionnement 14 comportent un vérin 14 associé à chaque vantail 10, la tige du vérin 14 étant fixée à une pièce d'articulation 13 solidaire du vantail 10. Cette pièce d'articulation 13 est fixée à une traverse 19 solidaire du vantail 10 et est située à proximité de l'extrémité du vantail 10 qui est soulevée lors de l'ouverture du vantail 10.These actuating means 14 comprise a jack 14 associated with each leaf 10, the rod of the jack 14 being fixed to an articulation piece 13 secured to the leaf 10. This articulation piece 13 is fixed to a crosspiece 19 secured to the leaf 10 and is located near the end of the leaf 10 which is raised when the leaf 10 is opened.

Ces vérins 14 sont soit des vérins pneumatiques à CO₂ qui commandent l'ouverture et la fermeture de chaque vantail 10, soit des vérins à l'azote qui commandent l'ouverture du vantail, un moyen de rappel mécanique permettant de refermer les vantaux 10.These jacks 14 are either jacks CO₂ tires which control the opening and closing of each leaf 10, or nitrogen cylinders which control the opening of the leaf, a mechanical return means making it possible to close the leaves 10.

Les moyens d'actionnement 14 sont adaptés à déplacer en pivotement chaque vantail 10 suivant un angle supérieur à 90°.The actuating means 14 are adapted to pivotly move each leaf 10 at an angle greater than 90 °.

La disposition en vis-à-vis des vantaux permet, avec une ouverture supérieure à 90°, d'avoir une aération suffisante, contrairement aux dispositifs connus à un seul vantail qui nécessite une ouverture à 140°.The arrangement vis-à-vis the leaves allows, with an opening greater than 90 °, to have sufficient ventilation, unlike known devices with a single leaf which requires an opening at 140 °.

Compte tenu de cet angle d'ouverture plus faible, un seul vérin par vantail suffit pour commander l'ouverture et la fermeture du vantail.Given this lower opening angle, a single cylinder per leaf is sufficient to control the opening and closing of the leaf.

Ces vérins 14 sont commandés à distance et peuvent être associés à des détecteurs de fumée ou d'incendie pour obtenir l'ouverture automatique des vantaux 10.These jacks 14 are remotely controlled and can be associated with smoke or fire detectors to obtain the automatic opening of the leaves 10.

Lors de l'ouverture, comme représenté à la figure 3, les vérins 14 pivotent autour du point de fixation 15 dans le sens de la flèche F et leur tige pousse le vantail 10 dans le sens de la flèche J.When opening, as shown in FIG. 3, the jacks 14 pivot around the fixing point 15 in the direction of the arrow F and their rod pushes the leaf 10 in the direction of the arrow J.

L'ensemble du dispositif de désenfumage est symétrique par rapport à la direction longitudinale de la voûte cintrée 1.The entire smoke extraction device is symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal direction of the arched roof 1.

Comme les voûtes 1, le dispositif de désenfumage peut être auto-portant jusqu'à 6 mètres.Like the vaults 1, the smoke extraction device can be self-supporting up to 6 meters.

De préférence, le support 4 est en polyester et les vantaux 10 sont en polycarbonate translucide, afin de ne pas nuire à l'éclairage du bâtiment. Ainsi, la surface de la toiture destinée à l'éclairage n'est pas réduite par les dispositifs de désenfumage.Preferably, the support 4 is made of polyester and the leaves 10 are made of translucent polycarbonate, so as not to harm the lighting of the building. Thus, the surface of the roof intended for lighting is not reduced by the smoke extraction devices.

Comme représenté à la figure 1, le dispositif de désenfumage selon l'invention est adaptable à une voûte cintrée 1 constituée d'une série de plaques cintrées en polyester translucide fixées côte à côte sur une base 3, du type costière.As shown in Figure 1, the device of smoke extraction according to the invention is adaptable to a curved vault 1 consisting of a series of curved translucent polyester plates fixed side by side on a base 3, of the curb type.

Le support 4 est fixé sur la base grâce à des moyens de fixation 11 du type vis-écrou de la même manière que les plaques cintrées de la voûte 1.The support 4 is fixed to the base by means of fixing 11 of the screw-nut type in the same way as the curved plates of the arch 1.

Le dispositif de désenfumage 2 est adjacent, de manière étanche, aux plaques cintrées 32 comme représenté à la figure 4.The smoke extraction device 2 is sealingly adjacent to the curved plates 32 as shown in FIG. 4.

De préférence, dans les voûtes 1 en polyester, il existe une zone de recouvrement entre le dispositif d'aération 2 et les plaques cintrées 32 afin d'assurer l'étanchéité de la voûte.Preferably, in the polyester arches 1, there is an overlap zone between the ventilation device 2 and the curved plates 32 in order to seal the vault.

Le support 4 a une largeur parallèle à la dimension longitudinale de la voûte 1, comprise entre une fois et le double de la largeur d'une plaque cintrée 32 dans la direction longitudinale de la voûte 1. La longueur du profil cintré du support 4 peut varier de 1,5 mètre jusqu'à 6 mètres, de centimètre en centimètre. Les vantaux correspondent sensiblement à une surface de 2 mètres sur 3 mètres.The support 4 has a width parallel to the longitudinal dimension of the vault 1, between once and twice the width of a curved plate 32 in the longitudinal direction of the vault 1. The length of the curved profile of the support 4 can vary from 1.5 meters to 6 meters, from centimeter to centimeter. The leaves correspond substantially to an area of 2 meters by 3 meters.

La construction d'une telle voûte 1 équipée de dispositifs de désenfumage n'est donc pas plus compliquée que le montage d'une voûte 1 seule. Il suffit de remplacer deux plaques cintrées 32 de la voûte 1 par un dispositif de désenfumage selon l'invention qui se monte de la même manière que les plaques cintrées 32 sur la base 3. Le temps de montage n'est donc pas allongé.The construction of such a roof 1 equipped with smoke extraction devices is therefore no more complicated than the mounting of a roof 1 alone. It suffices to replace two curved plates 32 of the roof 1 with a smoke extraction device according to the invention which is mounted in the same way as the curved plates 32 on the base 3. The assembly time is therefore not lengthened.

De plus, le dispositif de désenfumage 2 a une structure bien définie au moment de sa construction, ce qui permet, lors du montage, d'assembler les plaques cintrées 32 et le dispositif de désenfumage 2 de manière reproductible, sans défauts d'étanchéité ou de fonctionnement dus au montage.In addition, the smoke extraction device 2 has a well defined structure at the time of its construction, which allows, during assembly, to assemble the curved plates 32 and the smoke extraction device 2 in a reproducible manner, without leaks or of operation due to mounting.

Les voûtes cintrées 1 ont typiquement un rayon de courbure compris entre 3 et 3,3 mètres. Les supports 4 sont fabriqués avec un profil transversal dont le rayon de courbure est sensiblement égal à 3,15 m. Ceci permet compte tenu de l'élasticité du support en polyester, d'adapter les supports 4 à toutes les voûtes dont le rayon de courbure varie entre 3 et 3,3 mètres.Arched vaults 1 typically have a radius of curvature between 3 and 3.3 meters. The supports 4 are manufactured with a transverse profile whose radius of curvature is substantially equal to 3.15 m. This allows taking into account the elasticity of the polyester support, to adapt the supports 4 to all the vaults whose radius of curvature varies between 3 and 3.3 meters.

On simplifie ainsi la construction des supports 4 des dispositifs de désenfumage, bien qu'il soit évidemment possible de construire, pour chaque rayon de courbure de voûte, le dispositif d'aération correspondant, de même rayon de courbure.This simplifies the construction of the supports 4 of the smoke extraction devices, although it is obviously possible to build, for each radius of curvature of the arch, the corresponding ventilation device, with the same radius of curvature.

Le support est réalisé de préférence par moulage et est monobloc.The support is preferably made by molding and is in one piece.

Comme représenté à la figure 4, le dispositif de désenfumage 2 selon l'invention peut également être adapté à une voûte cintrée la en aluminium.As shown in FIG. 4, the smoke extraction device 2 according to the invention can also be adapted to a curved vault la made of aluminum.

Les voûtes la de ce type comporte une structure 30 en aluminium et des panneaux de remplissage 31 entre les montants en aluminium. Ces panneaux de remplissage 31 sont en polycarbonate ou en verre acrylique. Le support 4 est légèrement modifié sur ses côtés transversaux afin de présenter une surface qui peut être fixée dans les montants en aluminium de la même manière que les panneaux de remplissage.The vaults 1a of this type have an aluminum structure 30 and filling panels 31 between the aluminum uprights. These filling panels 31 are made of polycarbonate or acrylic glass. The support 4 is slightly modified on its transverse sides in order to present a surface which can be fixed in the aluminum uprights in the same way as the filling panels.

Bien entendu, de nombreuses modifications peuvent être apportées à l'exemple ci-dessus sans sortir du cadre de l'invention.Of course, many modifications can be made to the above example without departing from the scope of the invention.

Ainsi, les vantaux peuvent avoir une surface plane, les rebords 7 du support 4 présentant alors des bords cintrés adjacents avec le support 4 et des bords rectilignes sur lesquels viennent reposer les vantaux 10.Thus, the leaves may have a flat surface, the edges 7 of the support 4 then having curved edges adjacent to the support 4 and straight edges on which the leaves 10.

La traverse unique peut également être remplacée par deux traverses qui sont fixées dans une pièce de fixation logée dans la gorge 9.The single cross-member can also be replaced by two cross-members which are fixed in a fixing piece housed in the groove 9.

Le dispositif de désenfumage peut s'adapter à tout type de voûtes, quel que soit leur rayon de courbure.The smoke extraction device can be adapted to any type of vault, whatever their radius of curvature.

Claims (15)

Dispositif de désenfumage pour une voûte cintrée (1, 1a), comportant un support (4) dont le profil a un rayon de courbure sensiblement égal au rayon de courbure de ladite voûte cintrée (1, 1a), ledit support (4) comportant deux ouvertures (5, 6), et deux vantaux (10) fixés au support (4) en vis-à-vis, chaque vantail (10) étant adapté à obturer respectivement une ouverture (5, 6) dans une position fermée, des moyens d'actionnement (14) étant adaptés à déplacer en pivotement chaque vantail (10) sur ledit support (4) de manière symétrique, caractérisé en ce que ledit support (4) est en polyester, lesdites ouvertures (5, 6) étant séparées par une gorge (9) formant chéneau.Smoke extraction device for a curved vault (1, 1a), comprising a support (4) whose profile has a radius of curvature substantially equal to the radius of curvature of said curved vault (1, 1a), said support (4) comprising two openings (5, 6), and two leaves (10) fixed to the support (4) vis-à-vis, each leaf (10) being adapted to close respectively an opening (5, 6) in a closed position, means actuator (14) being adapted to pivotally pivot each leaf (10) on said support (4) symmetrically, characterized in that said support (4) is made of polyester, said openings (5, 6) being separated by a groove (9) forming a gutter. Dispositif conforme à la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que chaque vantail (10) pivote autour d'un axe de pivotement (12) parallèle à la direction longitudinale de la voûte cintrée (1, 1a).Device according to claim 1, characterized in that each leaf (10) pivots about a pivot axis (12) parallel to the longitudinal direction of the arched arch (1, 1a). Dispositif conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à 2, caractérisé en ce que chaque ouverture (5, 6) est encadrée par un rebord (7) sensiblement vertical, chaque vantail (10) étant fixé sur une partie dudit rebord (7).Device according to one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that each opening (5, 6) is framed by a flange (7) substantially vertical, each leaf (10) being fixed on a part of said flange (7). Dispositif conforme à la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que la gorge (9) séparant les ouvertures (5, 6) a des parois (7) constituées par des rebords (7) de chaque ouverture (5, 6) situés en regard.Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the groove (9) separating the openings (5, 6) has walls (7) formed by flanges (7) of each opening (5, 6) located opposite. Dispositif conforme à la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la gorge (9) est parallèle à la direction longitudinale de la voûte cintrée (1, 1a).Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the groove (9) is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the arched vault (1, 1a). Dispositif conforme à l'une des revendications 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce qu'une traverse (8) s'étend dans les ouvertures (5, 6).Device according to one of claims 4 or 5, characterized in that a crosspiece (8) extends in the openings (5, 6). Dispositif conforme à la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'actionnement (14) sont fixés à ladite traverse (8).Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the actuating means (14) are fixed to said crosspiece (8). Dispositif conforme à la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'actionnement (14) comportent au moins un vérin (14) associé à chaque vantail (10), la tige dudit vérin étant fixée à une pièce d'articulation (13) solidaire du vantail (10).Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the actuating means (14) comprise at least one jack (14) associated with each leaf (10), the rod of said jack being fixed to an articulation piece (13) secured to the leaf (10). Dispositif conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'actionnement (14) sont adaptés à déplacer en pivotement chaque vantail (10) suivant un angle supérieur à 90°.Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the actuating means (14) are adapted to pivotly move each leaf (10) at an angle greater than 90 °. Dispositif conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce qu'il est symétrique par rapport à la direction longitudinale de la voûte cintrée (1, 1a).Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it is symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal direction of the arched vault (1, 1a). Dispositif conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que lesdits vantaux (10) ont une forme cintrée.Device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that said leaves (10) have a curved shape. Dispositif conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que les vantaux (10) sont en polycarbonate translucide.Device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the leaves (10) are made of translucent polycarbonate. Dispositif conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à 12, adaptable à une voûte cintrée (1) constituée d'une série de plaques cintrées en polyester fixées côte à côte sur une base (3), caractérisé en ce que-le support (4) est fixé à ladite base (3) et est adjacent au moins à une plaque cintrée (32).Device according to one of claims 1 to 12, adaptable to a curved arch (1) consisting of a series of curved polyester plates fixed side by side on a base (3), characterized in that the support (4 ) is fixed to said base (3) and is adjacent at least to a curved plate (32). Dispositif conforme à la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que ledit support (4) a une largeur comprise entre une fois et le double de la largeur d'une plaque cintrée (32) de la voûte (1).Device according to claim 13, characterized in that said support (4) has a width between once and twice the width of a curved plate (32) of the roof (1). Dispositif conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à 14, ladite voûte cintrée (1, 1a) ayant un rayon de courbure compris entre 3 et 3,3 mètres, caractérisé en ce que le support (4) a un profil transversal dont le rayon de courbure est sensiblement égal à 3,15 m.Device in accordance with one of the claims 1 to 14, said curved vault (1, 1a) having a radius of curvature between 3 and 3.3 meters, characterized in that the support (4) has a transverse profile whose radius of curvature is substantially equal to 3 , 15 m.
EP94401007A 1993-05-14 1994-05-06 Exhaust device for a barrel vault Withdrawn EP0624698A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9305856 1993-05-14
FR9305856A FR2705381B1 (en) 1993-05-14 1993-05-14 Smoke extraction device for a curved vault.

Publications (1)

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EP0624698A1 true EP0624698A1 (en) 1994-11-17

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EP94401007A Withdrawn EP0624698A1 (en) 1993-05-14 1994-05-06 Exhaust device for a barrel vault

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EP (1) EP0624698A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2705381B1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1484458A1 (en) * 2003-06-05 2004-12-08 Centre Scientifique et Technique du Batiment High performance fume extraction outlet, especially adapted for vaulted roofs
FR2870274A1 (en) * 2004-05-14 2005-11-18 Ct Scient Tech Batiment Cstb Smoke and heat evacuation vent for vault, has paddles positioned on tremie and extending along ascending slope of inner edges towards outer edges forming two lateral deflector units on covering unit

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3516198A (en) * 1969-01-21 1970-06-23 Robert J Lyons Emergency release latch mechanism for smoke hatch
FR2151541A5 (en) * 1971-09-02 1973-04-20 Essemes Sa Productions
BE887209R (en) * 1980-05-28 1981-05-14 Bogaert Pierre E PROCESS FOR SEALING GLASS GLASS CONSISTING OF SYNTHETIC SHEETS BY INTEGRATING STRUCTURE WITHOUT ADDING A SEAL
BE887493A (en) * 1981-02-12 1981-06-01 Bogaert P E E J SIMPLIFIED MOUNTING OF PRECENTRATED RIBBED ROPE SHEET LAMBS OPENING FOR THE AERATION AND EXHAUST OF SMOKE AND HEAT
FR2531124A1 (en) * 1982-07-30 1984-02-03 Eternit Ag LIGHT BAND MOUNTED ON A HORIZONTAL FRAME WITH VERTICAL EDGES THAT DELIMATES AN OPENING MADE IN THE ROOF
DE8436240U1 (en) * 1984-12-11 1985-05-15 Ernst, Anton, 8201 Neubeuern Shutters for sloping skylights and living room skylights

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3516198A (en) * 1969-01-21 1970-06-23 Robert J Lyons Emergency release latch mechanism for smoke hatch
FR2151541A5 (en) * 1971-09-02 1973-04-20 Essemes Sa Productions
BE887209R (en) * 1980-05-28 1981-05-14 Bogaert Pierre E PROCESS FOR SEALING GLASS GLASS CONSISTING OF SYNTHETIC SHEETS BY INTEGRATING STRUCTURE WITHOUT ADDING A SEAL
BE887493A (en) * 1981-02-12 1981-06-01 Bogaert P E E J SIMPLIFIED MOUNTING OF PRECENTRATED RIBBED ROPE SHEET LAMBS OPENING FOR THE AERATION AND EXHAUST OF SMOKE AND HEAT
FR2531124A1 (en) * 1982-07-30 1984-02-03 Eternit Ag LIGHT BAND MOUNTED ON A HORIZONTAL FRAME WITH VERTICAL EDGES THAT DELIMATES AN OPENING MADE IN THE ROOF
DE8436240U1 (en) * 1984-12-11 1985-05-15 Ernst, Anton, 8201 Neubeuern Shutters for sloping skylights and living room skylights

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1484458A1 (en) * 2003-06-05 2004-12-08 Centre Scientifique et Technique du Batiment High performance fume extraction outlet, especially adapted for vaulted roofs
FR2855842A1 (en) * 2003-06-05 2004-12-10 Ct Scient Tech Batiment Cstb EXTREME HIGH AIR PERFORMANCE SMOKE EXTRACT SPECIFICALLY SUITABLE FOR CONSTRUCTION OR BUILDING ROOF VENTS
FR2870274A1 (en) * 2004-05-14 2005-11-18 Ct Scient Tech Batiment Cstb Smoke and heat evacuation vent for vault, has paddles positioned on tremie and extending along ascending slope of inner edges towards outer edges forming two lateral deflector units on covering unit

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2705381B1 (en) 1995-08-04
FR2705381A1 (en) 1994-11-25

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