EP0559548A1 - Mobile projectile launcher avoiding stress to person firing same - Google Patents

Mobile projectile launcher avoiding stress to person firing same Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0559548A1
EP0559548A1 EP93400528A EP93400528A EP0559548A1 EP 0559548 A1 EP0559548 A1 EP 0559548A1 EP 93400528 A EP93400528 A EP 93400528A EP 93400528 A EP93400528 A EP 93400528A EP 0559548 A1 EP0559548 A1 EP 0559548A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ammunition
launcher
launcher according
tube
shooter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP93400528A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Alain Bourel
René Thouron
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thomson Brandt Armements SA
Original Assignee
Thomson Brandt Armements SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thomson Brandt Armements SA filed Critical Thomson Brandt Armements SA
Publication of EP0559548A1 publication Critical patent/EP0559548A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B23/00—Land mines ; Land torpedoes
    • F42B23/10—Land mines ; Land torpedoes anti-personnel
    • F42B23/16—Land mines ; Land torpedoes anti-personnel of missile type, i.e. all kinds of mines launched for detonation after ejection from ground
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
    • F41G3/00—Aiming or laying means
    • F41G3/22—Aiming or laying means for vehicle-borne armament, e.g. on aircraft
    • F41G3/225—Helmet sighting systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a mobile ammunition launcher avoiding the stress of the shooter.
  • powder launchers In order to launch munitions such as rockets, rockets or missiles, powder launchers are generally used which produce a flame when the munition leaves. This flame makes it easy to identify the launch site, and therefore to easily direct the enemy's fire in order to destroy the launcher.
  • the shooter who is already impressed by the flames emitted during the departure of the ammunition, is stressed knowing that the enemy targeted by his ammunition can easily spot him thanks to these flames. Because of this stress, the shooter risks to badly adjust the shooting while thinking especially of leaving as quickly as possible the place of the shooting. If the shooter takes shelter behind an obstacle (wall, rock, ...) to avoid being spotted, he cannot see the target.
  • the present invention relates to an ammunition launcher which reduces this stress as much as possible by allowing the shooter to adjust his shot as well as possible, which makes it possible to attack both ground and flying targets, and which makes it possible to carry out shots even while sheltering the launcher behind obstacles.
  • the device for launching ammunition in accordance with the invention comprises a launching base which can be oriented in deposit and which supports an ammunition launcher tube oriented substantially vertically during firing, and comprising an energy accumulator with a spring which can be oriented in deposit, a sighting device target, preferably attached to a helmet worn by the shooter, an orientation control device of the launcher tube and a calculator device connected to the aiming device and the orientation control device.
  • the device described below makes it possible to launch a munition, guided or not, according to an initial trajectory which is substantially vertical and fairly precise.
  • the ammunition is launched vertically with a determined initial speed, and this, without notable noise or flames.
  • this munition reaches its peak, we tip it over and turn on its self-propulsion system to make it then follow a determined trajectory.
  • the ammunition launcher making it possible to obtain said initial speed is schematically represented in FIG. 1. It comprises a base 1 provided with adjustable feet (not shown, or similar device, making it possible to orient the longitudinal axis vertically or at a determined angle) 2 of its launcher tube.
  • the base 1 supports, by means of a bearing or a bearing 3 a launching tube 4.
  • the bearing 3 makes it possible to orient the tube 4 in bearing.
  • a buffer is interposed between the tube 4 and the base 1 1A energy absorber, for example rubber.
  • the tube 4 contains, at its lower part, a device 5 for energy storage with springs.
  • the device 5 consists of a stack of Belleville washers (curved washers).
  • these Belleville washers are made of composite material (for example epoxy and reinforcement based on carbon or glass fibers, or based on KEVLAR).
  • the Belleville washers are kept compressed in the tube 4 using a locking device 6 described in more detail below with reference to FIG. 3. This compression can be carried out either in the factory during the manufacture of the base, either before use, using an appropriate mechanical, pneumatic or hydraulic device.
  • the locking device 6 also serves to fix a munition 7 in the tube 4.
  • the tube 4 is closed at its upper end by a cover 8.
  • the base 1 has a reference 9 allowing it to be oriented geographically with respect to the terrain on which it will be installed for shooting. For example, this benchmark should be oriented to the North.
  • the tube 4 also includes a mark 9A, which is for example aligned with the mark 9 in the initial position.
  • the tube 4 is rotated by the desired angular value around its axis 2.
  • the base 1 having a good orientation precise, it is therefore easy to orient the tube 4 (by rotating it around the axis 2) so that the ammunition 7 is sent in the desired direction, the ammunition itself having a determined orientation relative to the tube 4 (depending on the tilting impellers used, and described below).
  • the orientation of the tube 4 is achieved by a servomotor (not shown) controlled by a servo device (not shown), and is integral with an angular measurement device connected to this servo device, which is also connected to a calculating device supplying it with the desired angular value of the bearing of the objective.
  • the energy absorbing device 1A can be a simple rubber washer of the VIBTENE type (of density between 1.2 and 1.5 for example) which has a thickness of approximately 10 mm for an ammunition with a weight of 10 Kg mass approximately.
  • the role of the locking device 6 shown in detail in FIG. 3 is to lock the ammunition 7 in place in the tube 4, to retain the energy stored in the spring devices 5 as soon as these are compressed, and, at the time launching the ammunition 7, unlocking the ammunition and suddenly releasing said stored energy.
  • the device 6 comprises a tube 10 whose axis is coincident with the axis 2, which is fixed to the bottom 4A of the tube 4, and which is closed by a cover 10A at its upper end.
  • This tube 10 passes through the axial bore 11 of a retaining plate 12, the outside diameter of the tube 10 being practically equal to the diameter of the bore of the plate 11.
  • the bore 11 comprises, roughly half thickness of the plate 12, a groove 13 of semi-circular section. This groove 13 extends perpendicular to the axis 2, and the radius of its section is substantially equal to the radius of the retaining balls described below.
  • the length of the tube 10 is approximately equal to or slightly greater than the thickness of the stack of uncompressed Belleville washers 5 and of the plate 12.
  • the upper end of the tube 10 protrudes from the plate 12, and it is this end which is introduced into an axial housing 14 of corresponding dimensions formed at the bottom of the ammunition 7.
  • a solid cylindrical core 16 is housed in the tube 10. Its diameter is practically equal to the inside diameter of the tube 10 in which it can move axially with gentle friction.
  • the core 16 is actuated by an axial rod 17 which is integral with it and which passes through the bottom 4A of the tube 4.
  • the rod 17 is itself actuated, not shown, automatically, and can be locked axially in position.
  • the core 16 has at its periphery a first wide groove with flared edges 18, the depth of which is substantially equal to the radius of the locking balls 20 and the width slightly greater than twice the diameter of these balls.
  • the core 16 comprises a second flared groove 19 of the same depth as the groove 18, but of width substantially equal to the diameter of said balls.
  • These grooves 18, 19 are formed so to be opposite the holes 10B when the core 16 is in the high unlocking position, that is to say in abutment against the cover 10A of the tube 10 and so that only the groove 18 is in face of the upper holes 10B when the core 16 is in the "medium" position.
  • Figure 3 there is shown to the left of the axis 2 the core 16 in the high position, and to the right in the middle position.
  • the core 16 is put in the high position, and the balls 20 are introduced into the corresponding holes 10B of the tube 10. Because the grooves 18 and 19 are opposite the holes 10B, the balls 20 arrive flush with the outside surface of the tube 10. They can be held in place while cocking the launcher using an appropriate paste.
  • the Belleville washers and the plate 12 are put in place on which the necessary pressure is applied, and the core 16 is lowered to the middle position, for which the balls 20 of the lower holes 10B are driven by the core into the groove 13, thus locking the plate 12 in the position for which it keeps the washers 5 compressed.
  • the rod 17 can be blocked using an appropriate means, for example by a locking screw, which makes it possible to transport the launcher device with or without ammunition from the '' place where the washers 5 were compressed with appropriate tools, and even to place the ammunition in the launcher shortly before its launch while keeping the washers 5 compressed (core 6 in the middle position).
  • the first phase of the trajectory of the ammunition 7 is schematically represented in FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • the base 1 being adjusted in the firing position, that is to say that the axis 2 of the tube 4 is for example vertical, and the mark 9 of the base 1 as well as the mark 9A of the tube 4 are oriented geographically, for example to the North.
  • the deposit G of the target being then determined using the aiming device described below, said servomotor rotates the tube 4 by the value G and blocks it in this position (mark 9'A in the direction D of the target, in figure 5).
  • an appropriate mechanism pushes the rod 17 of the core 6 in the medium position to release the ammunition, then in the high position to release the plate 12, which allows the washers 5 to suddenly relax and launch vertically the ammunition 7.
  • the ammunition 7 rises to a peak, at a height H, which is a function of the characteristics of the washers 5 and the weight of the ammunition.
  • a height H which is a function of the characteristics of the washers 5 and the weight of the ammunition.
  • a measuring device with which the ammunition is provided triggers one or more impellers 21 arranged on the ammunition and oriented so as to cause it to rock substantially around its center of gravity 22.
  • impellers for example pyrotechnic, have no no need to be powerful, because their action is exerted when the ammunition has an almost zero speed.
  • the position of the ammunition after rotation of 90 ° is shown in broken lines in Figure 4. As soon as this rotation is carried out, the autonomous propulsion device of the ammunition 7 is ignited, and this ammunition is directed in the direction D towards the designated target.
  • the propulsion device of ammunition 7 Since the propulsion device of ammunition 7 is only ignited when this ammunition is at a relatively high altitude, it is very difficult for an observer in the target area to determine the place of launch of ammunition, all the more that if it is based on the trajectory of the ammunition after rotation of 90 °, it is brought to determine in a usual way a theoretical launching place which can be very far from the real launching place.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 are similar to those of FIGS. 4 and 5, the difference residing in the fact that after reaching its peak, the ammunition 7 performs, under the thrust of its impellers 21 ′ a rotation of one site angle other than 90 °.
  • the rotation S+ can for example allow to reach flying targets, while the rotation S ⁇ can for example allow to reach relatively close targets, but hidden by high obstacles (buildings, rocks) being between them and the launch location. It then suffices that the apogee is at a height H greater than that of these obstacles.
  • the tube 4 can contain several "stages” each comprising an ammunition and its stack of washers 5 (or equivalent spring device).
  • the base 1 with the launcher tube 4 are integrated in a backpack 23 carried by an infantryman.
  • the latter is wearing a helmet 24 with an integrated viewfinder of a type known per se.
  • the backpack 23 also contains a computer and a device for controlling the orientation of the tube 4 (not shown). Thanks to this sight, for example of the oculometer type, to adjust the direction of the shot, it suffices for the infantryman to keep his gaze fixed on the target.
  • the aiming device is connected to a computer which records, as soon as the infantryman triggers (for example by pressing a button on a remote control unit) the shooting process, the data necessary for shooting (vehicle speed, location, site ).
  • the computer determines, from these data, the orientation in direction to be given to the tube 4 (kept vertical), the instant of launching of the firing, which impellers (21 ') light at the peak of the ammunition, and possibly whether to apply additional propulsion after reaching climax.
  • the choice of said impellers is conditioned in particular by the type of target: if it is a land vehicle (for example a tank, as shown in FIG. 8), we are dealing with the site of the S ⁇ type site (FIG. 6), and if it is an aerial target (for example a helicopter, as represented in FIG. 8), we are dealing with the case of the S+ type site (FIG. 6).
  • the assembly 25 comprising the base 1 with the tube 4, the computer and the device for controlling orientation and shooting, is geographically distant from the infantryman in charge of the shooting, who no longer carries anything but 'a 24A helmet similar to the helmet 24.
  • the helmet 24A comprises a transceiver (not shown) communicating with a corresponding transceiver (not shown) arranged in the assembly 25, and that the assembly 25 comprises means making it possible to calculate the position of the infantryman with respect to this assembly 25.
  • the means making it possible to calculate the position of the infantryman relative to the assembly 25 are also fixed to the helmet 24A.
  • the infantryman can be quite far from the firing point, which further reduces his stress, and allows him to aim calmly and with efficiency the target.
  • the same infantryman can direct the fire of several sets 25, each of them having its own identification code.
  • the target can be both terrestrial and aerial.
  • FIG. 10 There is illustrated in FIG. 10 in side view and in FIG. 11 in top view the attack of a tank by the device of FIG. 9.
  • the computer of the assembly 25 determines the angle of site S ⁇ of which it ammunition 7 must be rotated when it has reached its apex, taking into account the height H of this apex, the speed and direction of movement of the tank, the position of the infantryman with respect to the assembly 25 and the distance from the tank to the unit 25 (or from the infantryman to the tank and to the unit 25).
  • the computer also determines the deposit G for pointing the launching tube 4 with respect to a geographic direction towards which the reference 9 of the base 1 is oriented, taking into account the aforementioned parameters.
  • the attack on an aerial target for example a helicopter.
  • the computer of the assembly 25 determines the angle of site S+ whose ammunition 7 must be rotated when it has reached its peak, taking into account the height H of this peak, the altitude, the speed and the direction of movement of the helicopter, as well as its distance from the assembly 25 and the position of the infantryman with respect to the assembly 25.
  • the computer also determines the directional bearing G of the launch tube 4 with respect to a geographic direction towards which the reference 9 of the base 7 is oriented, taking into account the aforementioned parameters.
  • the ammunition can be of the pre-fragmented hollow charge type and burst by passing close to the target, which can also be advantageous when the target is for example an armored vehicle other than a tank.
  • FIG. 14 illustrates the case of attacking a target such as a tank from above.
  • a target such as a tank from above.
  • a button corresponding to this mode is provided in the infantryman's remote control unit, and the computer of the assembly 25 takes this additional parameter into account.
  • the device of the invention allows great freedom of movement of the infantryman while reducing his stress, and is adapted both to ground targets and to aerial targets.
  • the vertical departure of the ammunition and the absence of flames at the time of departure make the shot as stealthy as possible.
  • the tilting of the munition at low speed (at its peak) allows it to follow a precalculated trajectory subsequently without having to correct this trajectory (however, it is understood that it is possible to provide for such a correction, by remote control or using a seeker, in order to improve the precision of the shooting, in particular during a sudden change of direction and / or speed of the target).
  • All the elements of this device are easily reusable, and in the case of the embodiments of FIGS. 9 to 14, the fact of geographically separating the fragile and expensive elements (aiming helmet) from the other elements, makes it possible to reduce the cost of losses in case of destruction of the launcher (25).

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

The launcher of the invention comprises, on the one hand, an ammunition launching tube (4) with a spring-type energy accumulator, launching the ammunition vertically, and, on the other hand, an aiming device (24) carried by the firer. When the ammunition has reached its highest point, boosters cause it to rotate about its centre of gravity in the direction of the target, and a self-propulsion system is ignited. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention a pour objet un lanceur de munitions mobile évitant le stress du tireur.The present invention relates to a mobile ammunition launcher avoiding the stress of the shooter.

Pour lancer des munitions telles que des roquettes, des fusées ou des missiles, on utilise généralement des lanceurs à poudre produisant une flamme lors du départ de la munition. Cette flamme permet de repérer facilement le lieu de lancement, et donc de diriger aisément le tir adverse en vue de détruire le lanceur. Le tireur, qui est déja impressionné par les flammes émises lors du départ des munitions, est stressé en sachant que l'ennemi visé par ses munitions peut le repérer facilement grâce à ces flammes. A cause de ce stress, le tireur risque de mal ajuster le tir en pensant surtout a quitter le plus rapidement possible le lieu du tir. Si le tireur s'abrite derrière un obstacle (mur, rocher, ...) pour éviter de se faire repérer, il ne peut voir la cible.In order to launch munitions such as rockets, rockets or missiles, powder launchers are generally used which produce a flame when the munition leaves. This flame makes it easy to identify the launch site, and therefore to easily direct the enemy's fire in order to destroy the launcher. The shooter, who is already impressed by the flames emitted during the departure of the ammunition, is stressed knowing that the enemy targeted by his ammunition can easily spot him thanks to these flames. Because of this stress, the shooter risks to badly adjust the shooting while thinking especially of leaving as quickly as possible the place of the shooting. If the shooter takes shelter behind an obstacle (wall, rock, ...) to avoid being spotted, he cannot see the target.

La présente invention a pour objet un lanceur de munitions qui diminue le plus possible ce stress en permettant au tireur d'ajuster au mieux son tir, qui permette d'attaquer aussi bien des cibles au sol que volantes, et qui permette d'effectuer des tirs même en abritant le lanceur derrière des obstacles.The present invention relates to an ammunition launcher which reduces this stress as much as possible by allowing the shooter to adjust his shot as well as possible, which makes it possible to attack both ground and flying targets, and which makes it possible to carry out shots even while sheltering the launcher behind obstacles.

Le dispositif de lancement de munitions conforme à l'invention comporte un socle de lancement orientable en gisement et supportant un tube lanceur de munitions orienté sensiblement verticalement lors du tir, et comprenant un accumulateur d'énergie à ressort orientable en gisement, un dispositif de visée de cible, de préférence fixé sur un casque porté par le tireur, un dispositif de commande d'orientation du tube lanceur et un dispositif calculateur relié au dispositif de visée et au dispositif de commande d'orientation.The device for launching ammunition in accordance with the invention comprises a launching base which can be oriented in deposit and which supports an ammunition launcher tube oriented substantially vertically during firing, and comprising an energy accumulator with a spring which can be oriented in deposit, a sighting device target, preferably attached to a helmet worn by the shooter, an orientation control device of the launcher tube and a calculator device connected to the aiming device and the orientation control device.

La présente invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description détaillée d'un mode de réalisation, pris à titre d'exemple non limitatif et illustré par le dessin annexé, sur lequel :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en coupe d'un dispositif de lancement conforme à l'invention avec sa munition prête à être lancée ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue de dessus du dispositif de la figure 1 ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue en coupe du dispositif de verrouillage et de déclenchement du dispositif de la figure 1 ;
  • la figure 4 est une vue schématique expliquant le lancement de munitions à l'aide du dispositif de la figure 1, avec rotation de 90° en site de la munition ;
  • la figure 5 est une vue de dessus du support de la figure 4 ;
  • la figure 6 est une vue schématique expliquant le lancement de munitions à l'aide du dispositif de la figure 1, avec rotation d'un angle quelconque en site de la munition ;
  • la figure 7 est une vue de dessus du support de la figure 6 ;
  • la figure 8 est une vue schématique d'un mode de réalisation portatif du lanceur de l'invention ;
  • la figure 9 est une vue schématique d'un mode de réalisation à deux éléments géographiquement séparés du lanceur de l'invention ;
  • les figures 10,11 et 12, 13 sont des vues schématiques illustrant l'utilisation du lanceur de la figure 9 respectivement contre des cibles au sol et aériennes ; et
  • la figure 14 est une vue schématique illustrant l'utilisation du lanceur de la figure 9 pour l'attaque par dessus d'une cible au sol.
The present invention will be better understood on reading the detailed description of an embodiment, taken by way of nonlimiting example and illustrated by the appended drawing, in which:
  • Figure 1 is a sectional view of a launch device according to the invention with its munition ready to be launched;
  • Figure 2 is a top view of the device of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a sectional view of the locking and triggering device of the device of Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view explaining the launch of ammunition using the device of Figure 1, with 90 ° rotation in site of the ammunition;
  • Figure 5 is a top view of the support of Figure 4;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view explaining the launch of ammunition using the device of Figure 1, with rotation of any angle in elevation of the munition;
  • Figure 7 is a top view of the support of Figure 6;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view of a portable embodiment of the launcher of the invention;
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view of an embodiment with two geographically separate elements of the launcher of the invention;
  • Figures 10,11 and 12, 13 are schematic views illustrating the use of the launcher of Figure 9 respectively against ground and aerial targets; and
  • Figure 14 is a schematic view illustrating the use of the launcher of Figure 9 for attacking over a ground target.

Le dispositif décrit ci-dessous permet de lancer une munition, guidée ou non, selon une trajectoire initiale sensiblement verticale et assez précise. A cet effet, on lance verticalement la munition avec une vitesse initiale déterminée, et ce, sans bruit notable ni flammes. Lorsque cette munition arrive à son apogée, on la fait basculer et on allume son système d'autopropulsion pour lui faire suivre ensuite une trajectoire déterminée.The device described below makes it possible to launch a munition, guided or not, according to an initial trajectory which is substantially vertical and fairly precise. For this purpose, the ammunition is launched vertically with a determined initial speed, and this, without notable noise or flames. When this munition reaches its peak, we tip it over and turn on its self-propulsion system to make it then follow a determined trajectory.

Le lanceur de munitions permettant d'obtenir ladite vitesse initiale est schématiquement représenté en figure 1. Il comprend un socle 1 muni de pieds réglables (non représentés, ou dispositif analogue, permettant d'orienter verticalement ou selon un angle déterminé) l'axe longitudinal 2 de son tube lanceur.The ammunition launcher making it possible to obtain said initial speed is schematically represented in FIG. 1. It comprises a base 1 provided with adjustable feet (not shown, or similar device, making it possible to orient the longitudinal axis vertically or at a determined angle) 2 of its launcher tube.

Le socle 1 supporte, par l'intermédiaire d'un palier ou d'un roulement 3 un tube de lancement 4. Le palier 3 permet d'orienter en gisement le tube 4. On interpose entre le tube 4 et le socle 1 un tampon 1A absorbeur d'énergie par exemple en caoutchouc. Le tube 4 renferme, à sa partie inférieure, un dispositif 5 accumulateur d'énergie à ressorts. Selon le mode de réalisation préféré représenté sur le dessin, le dispositif 5 est constitué d'un empilement de rondelles Belleville (rondelles incurvées). De préférence, ces rondelles Belleville sont en matériau composite (par exemple époxyde et renfort à base de fibres de carbone ou de verre, ou à base de KEVLAR). Les rondelles Belleville sont maintenues comprimées dans le tube 4 à l'aide d'un dispositif de verrouillage 6 décrit plus en détail ci-dessous en référence à la figure 3. Cette compression peut être effectuée soit en usine lors de la fabrication du socle, soit avant l'utilisation, à l'aide d'un dispositif mécanique, pneumatique ou hydraulique approprié. Le dispositif de verrouillage 6 sert également à fixer une munition 7 dans le tube 4. Le tube 4 est fermé à son extrémité supérieure par un couvercle 8.The base 1 supports, by means of a bearing or a bearing 3 a launching tube 4. The bearing 3 makes it possible to orient the tube 4 in bearing. A buffer is interposed between the tube 4 and the base 1 1A energy absorber, for example rubber. The tube 4 contains, at its lower part, a device 5 for energy storage with springs. According to the preferred embodiment shown in the drawing, the device 5 consists of a stack of Belleville washers (curved washers). Preferably, these Belleville washers are made of composite material (for example epoxy and reinforcement based on carbon or glass fibers, or based on KEVLAR). The Belleville washers are kept compressed in the tube 4 using a locking device 6 described in more detail below with reference to FIG. 3. This compression can be carried out either in the factory during the manufacture of the base, either before use, using an appropriate mechanical, pneumatic or hydraulic device. The locking device 6 also serves to fix a munition 7 in the tube 4. The tube 4 is closed at its upper end by a cover 8.

Le socle 1 comporte un repère 9 permettant de l'orienter géographiquement par rapport au terrain sur lequel il va être installé pour le tir. Par exemple, ce repère devra être orienté au Nord. Le tube 4 comporte également un repère 9A, qui est par exemple aligné avec le repère 9 en position initiale. Lorsque l'on a désigné le gisement de la cible, on fait tourner le tube 4 de la valeur angulaire désirée autour de son axe 2. Le socle 1 ayant une orientation bien précise, il est donc facile d'orienter le tube 4 (en le faisant tourner autour de l'axe 2) de façon que la munition 7 soit envoyée dans la direction désirée, la munition ayant elle-même une orientation déterminée par rapport au tube 4 (en fonction des impulseurs de basculement utilisés, et décrits ci-dessous).The base 1 has a reference 9 allowing it to be oriented geographically with respect to the terrain on which it will be installed for shooting. For example, this benchmark should be oriented to the North. The tube 4 also includes a mark 9A, which is for example aligned with the mark 9 in the initial position. When the target deposit has been designated, the tube 4 is rotated by the desired angular value around its axis 2. The base 1 having a good orientation precise, it is therefore easy to orient the tube 4 (by rotating it around the axis 2) so that the ammunition 7 is sent in the desired direction, the ammunition itself having a determined orientation relative to the tube 4 (depending on the tilting impellers used, and described below).

L'orientation du tube 4 est réalisée par un servomoteur (non représenté) commandé par un dispositif d'asservissement (non représenté), et est solidaire d'un dispositif de mesure angulaire relié à ce dispositif d'asservissement, qui est par ailleurs relié à un dispositif calculateur lui fournissant la valeur angulaire désirée du gisement de l'objectif.The orientation of the tube 4 is achieved by a servomotor (not shown) controlled by a servo device (not shown), and is integral with an angular measurement device connected to this servo device, which is also connected to a calculating device supplying it with the desired angular value of the bearing of the objective.

Le dispositif 1A absorbeur d'énergie peut être une simple rondelle de caoutchouc du type VIBTENE (de densité comprise entre 1,2 et 1,5 par exemple) qui a une épaisseur d'environ 10 mm pour une munition d'un poids de 10 Kg masse environ.The energy absorbing device 1A can be a simple rubber washer of the VIBTENE type (of density between 1.2 and 1.5 for example) which has a thickness of approximately 10 mm for an ammunition with a weight of 10 Kg mass approximately.

Le dispositif de verrouillage 6 représenté en détail en figure 3 a pour rôles de verrouiller en place la munition 7 dans le tube 4, de retenir l'énergie emmagasinée dans les dispositifs à ressort 5 dès que ceux-ci sont comprimés, et, au moment du lancement de la munition 7, de déverrouiller la munition et de libérer brusquement ladite énergie emmagasinée.The role of the locking device 6 shown in detail in FIG. 3 is to lock the ammunition 7 in place in the tube 4, to retain the energy stored in the spring devices 5 as soon as these are compressed, and, at the time launching the ammunition 7, unlocking the ammunition and suddenly releasing said stored energy.

Selon le mode de réalisation de la figure 3, le dispositif 6 comporte un tube 10 dont l'axe est confondu avec l'axe 2, qui est fixé sur le fond 4A du tube 4, et qui est fermé par un couvercle 10A à son extrémité supérieure. Ce tube 10 passe dans l'alésage axial 11 d'une plaque de retenue 12, le diamètre extérieur du tube 10 étant pratiquement égal au diamètre de l'alésage de la plaque 11. L'alésage 11 comporte, à peu près à mi-épaisseur de la plaque 12, une gorge 13 à section semi-circulaire. Cette gorge 13 s'étend perpendiculairement à l'axe 2, et le rayon de sa section est sensiblement égale au rayon des billes de retenue décrites ci-dessous.According to the embodiment of Figure 3, the device 6 comprises a tube 10 whose axis is coincident with the axis 2, which is fixed to the bottom 4A of the tube 4, and which is closed by a cover 10A at its upper end. This tube 10 passes through the axial bore 11 of a retaining plate 12, the outside diameter of the tube 10 being practically equal to the diameter of the bore of the plate 11. The bore 11 comprises, roughly half thickness of the plate 12, a groove 13 of semi-circular section. This groove 13 extends perpendicular to the axis 2, and the radius of its section is substantially equal to the radius of the retaining balls described below.

La longueur du tube 10 est à peu près égale ou légèrement supérieure à l'épaisseur de l'empilement des rondelles Belleville 5 non comprimées et de la plaque 12. Ainsi, comme représenté en figure 3, lorsque les rondelles 5 sont comprimées contre la paroi inférieure plane du tube 4, l'extrémité supérieure du tube 10 dépasse de la plaque 12, et c'est cette extrémité qui est introduite dans un logement axial 14 de dimensions correspondantes pratiqué à la partie inférieure de la munition 7. On pratique dans le logement 14 une gorge 15, identique à la gorge 13, par exemple environ au tiers de la profondeur du logement 14 à partir de la face arrière de la munition (celle appliquée contre la plaque 12).The length of the tube 10 is approximately equal to or slightly greater than the thickness of the stack of uncompressed Belleville washers 5 and of the plate 12. Thus, as shown in FIG. 3, when the washers 5 are compressed against the wall lower plane of the tube 4, the upper end of the tube 10 protrudes from the plate 12, and it is this end which is introduced into an axial housing 14 of corresponding dimensions formed at the bottom of the ammunition 7. It is practiced in the housing 14 a groove 15, identical to the groove 13, for example approximately one third of the depth of the housing 14 from the rear face of the ammunition (that applied against the plate 12).

On pratique dans la paroi cylindrique du tube 10 en vis-à-vis des gorges 13 et 15 lorsque les rondelles 5 sont comprimées et la munition 7 pressée contre la plaque 12, deux séries de trous traversants 10B. Ces trous, par exemple au nombre de trois ou quatre pour chaque série, sont régulièrement répartis à la périphérie du tube 10.There are two series of through holes 10B in the cylindrical wall of the tube 10 facing the grooves 13 and 15 when the washers 5 are compressed and the ammunition 7 pressed against the plate 12. These holes, for example three or four in number for each series, are regularly distributed around the periphery of the tube 10.

Un noyau cylindrique plein 16 est logé dans le tube 10. Son diamètre est pratiquement égal au diamètre intérieur du tube 10 dans lequel il peut se déplacer axialement à frottement doux. Le noyau 16 est actionné par une tige axiale 17 qui en est solidaire et qui traverse le fond 4A du tube 4. La tige 17 est elle-même actionnée, de façon non représentée, automatiquement, et peut être bloquée axialement en position.A solid cylindrical core 16 is housed in the tube 10. Its diameter is practically equal to the inside diameter of the tube 10 in which it can move axially with gentle friction. The core 16 is actuated by an axial rod 17 which is integral with it and which passes through the bottom 4A of the tube 4. The rod 17 is itself actuated, not shown, automatically, and can be locked axially in position.

Le noyau 16 comporte à sa périphérie une première rainure large à bords évasés 18, dont la profondeur est sensiblement égale au rayon des billes de verrouillage 20 et la largeur légèrement supérieure à deux fois le diamètre de ces billes. Le noyau 16 comporte une deuxième rainure évasée 19 de même profondeur que la rainure 18, mais de largeur sensiblement égale au diamètre desdites billes. Ces rainures 18, 19 sont formées de façon à se trouver en vis-à-vis des trous 10B lorsque le noyau 16 est en position haute de déverrouillage, c'est-à-dire en butée contre le couvercle 10A du tube 10 et de façon que seule la rainure 18 se trouve en face des trous 10B supérieurs lorsque le noyau 16 est en position "moyenne". Sur la figure 3, on a représenté à gauche de l'axe 2 le noyau 16 en position haute, et à droite en position moyenne.The core 16 has at its periphery a first wide groove with flared edges 18, the depth of which is substantially equal to the radius of the locking balls 20 and the width slightly greater than twice the diameter of these balls. The core 16 comprises a second flared groove 19 of the same depth as the groove 18, but of width substantially equal to the diameter of said balls. These grooves 18, 19 are formed so to be opposite the holes 10B when the core 16 is in the high unlocking position, that is to say in abutment against the cover 10A of the tube 10 and so that only the groove 18 is in face of the upper holes 10B when the core 16 is in the "medium" position. In Figure 3, there is shown to the left of the axis 2 the core 16 in the high position, and to the right in the middle position.

Pour verrouiller le dispositif lanceur, on met le noyau 16 en position haute, et on introduit les billes 20 dans les trous correspondants 10B du tube 10. Du fait que les rainures 18 et 19 sont en vis-à-vis des trous 10B, les billes 20 arrivent au ras de la surface extérieure du tube 10. On peut les maintenir en place pendant l'armement du lanceur à l'aide d'une pâte appropriée. On met en place les rondelles Belleville et la plaque 12 sur laquelle on applique la pression nécessaire, et on abaisse le noyau 16 en position moyenne, pour laquelle les billes 20 des trous inférieurs 10B sont chassées par le noyau dans la gorge 13, verrouillant ainsi la plaque 12 dans la position pour laquelle elle maintient les rondelles 5 comprimées. On coiffe ensuite la partie supérieure du tube 10 avec la munition 7, et on abaisse le noyau 6 en position basse, ce qui chasse les billes 20 des trous supérieurs 10B dans la gorge 15, verrouillant ainsi en place la munition 7 contre la plaque 12. Du fait qu'en position basse, le noyau 6 ne présente pas de rainure en vis-à-vis des gorges 13 et 15, les deux séries de billes 20 verrouillent alors à la fois les rondelles 5 et la munition 7 en position "prêt à lancer". Bien entendu, en position basse ou moyenne du noyau 6, la tige 17 peut être bloquée à l'aide d'un moyen approprié, par exemple par une vis de blocage, ce qui permet de transporter le dispositif lanceur avec ou sans munition depuis l'endroit où l'on a comprimé les rondelles 5 avec un outillage approprié, et même de mettre en place dans le lanceur la munition peu avant son lancement tout en gardant les rondelles 5 comprimées (noyau 6 en position moyenne).To lock the launcher device, the core 16 is put in the high position, and the balls 20 are introduced into the corresponding holes 10B of the tube 10. Because the grooves 18 and 19 are opposite the holes 10B, the balls 20 arrive flush with the outside surface of the tube 10. They can be held in place while cocking the launcher using an appropriate paste. The Belleville washers and the plate 12 are put in place on which the necessary pressure is applied, and the core 16 is lowered to the middle position, for which the balls 20 of the lower holes 10B are driven by the core into the groove 13, thus locking the plate 12 in the position for which it keeps the washers 5 compressed. The upper part of the tube 10 is then capped with the ammunition 7, and the core 6 is lowered in the low position, which drives the balls 20 from the upper holes 10B in the groove 15, thus locking the ammunition 7 against the plate 12 Because the core 6 has no groove facing the grooves 13 and 15, the two series of balls 20 then lock both the washers 5 and the ammunition 7 in position " ready to launch. " Of course, in the low or middle position of the core 6, the rod 17 can be blocked using an appropriate means, for example by a locking screw, which makes it possible to transport the launcher device with or without ammunition from the '' place where the washers 5 were compressed with appropriate tools, and even to place the ammunition in the launcher shortly before its launch while keeping the washers 5 compressed (core 6 in the middle position).

On a schématiquement représenté en figures 4 et 5 la première phase de la trajectoire de la munition 7. Le socle 1 étant réglé en position de tir, c'est-à-dire que l'axe 2 du tube 4 est par exemple vertical, et le repère 9 du socle 1 ainsi que le repère 9A du tube 4 sont orientés géographiquement, par exemple au Nord. Le gisement G de la cible étant alors déterminé à l'aide du dispositif de visée décrit ci-dessous, ledit servomoteur fait tourner le tube 4 de la valeur G et le bloque dans cette position (repère 9'A dans la direction D de la cible, en figure 5). Au moment du tir, un mécanisme approprié (non représenté) pousse la tige 17 du noyau 6 en position moyenne pour libérer la munition, puis en position haute pour libérer la plaque 12, ce qui permet aux rondelles 5 de se détendre brusquement et de lancer verticalement la munition 7. La munition 7 s'élève jusqu'à un apogée, à une hauteur H, qui est fonction des caractéristiques des rondelles 5 et du poids de la munition. Par exemple, pour une munition de 10 Kg masse, avec un empilement de 35 rondelles en acier d'un diamètre extérieur, au repos de 0,12 m, d'une épaisseur de 6 mm, cet empilement ayant une hauteur de 34 cm au repos et 21 cm à l'état comprimé, on obtient un apogée d'une hauteur d'environ 50 m. La position de la munition 7 à cet apogée, dont la vitesse est alors nulle, est représentée en traits continus en figure 4. A cet instant, un dispositif de mesure dont est munie la munition (mesure de la vitesse de la munition ou de la distance parcourue par la munition, ou du temps, par exemple) déclenche un ou plusieurs impulseurs 21 disposés sur la munition et orientés de façon à la faire basculer sensiblement autour de son centre de gravité 22. Ces impulseurs, par exemple pyrotechniques, n'ont pas besoin d'être puissants, car leur action s'exerce lorsque la munition a une vitesse pratiquement nulle. La position de la munition après rotation de 90° est représentée en traits interrompus en figure 4. Dès que cette rotation est effectuée, le dispositif de propulsion autonome de la munition 7 est mis à feu, et cette munition se dirige dans la direction D vers la cible désignée. Etant donné que le dispositif de propulsion de la munition 7 n'est mis à feu que lorsque cette munition est à une altitude relativement élevée, il est très difficile à un observateur se trouvant dans la zone de la cible de déterminer le lieu de lancement de la munition, d'autant plus que s'il se base sur la trajectoire de la munition après rotation de 90°, il est amené à déterminer de façon habituelle un lieu de lancement théorique qui peut être très éloigné du lieu de lancement réel.The first phase of the trajectory of the ammunition 7 is schematically represented in FIGS. 4 and 5. The base 1 being adjusted in the firing position, that is to say that the axis 2 of the tube 4 is for example vertical, and the mark 9 of the base 1 as well as the mark 9A of the tube 4 are oriented geographically, for example to the North. The deposit G of the target being then determined using the aiming device described below, said servomotor rotates the tube 4 by the value G and blocks it in this position (mark 9'A in the direction D of the target, in figure 5). When firing, an appropriate mechanism (not shown) pushes the rod 17 of the core 6 in the medium position to release the ammunition, then in the high position to release the plate 12, which allows the washers 5 to suddenly relax and launch vertically the ammunition 7. The ammunition 7 rises to a peak, at a height H, which is a function of the characteristics of the washers 5 and the weight of the ammunition. For example, for a 10 kg mass ammunition, with a stack of 35 steel washers with an outside diameter, at rest of 0.12 m, with a thickness of 6 mm, this stack having a height of 34 cm at rest and 21 cm in the compressed state, we obtain a climax of a height of about 50 m. The position of the ammunition 7 at this apex, the speed of which is then zero, is shown in solid lines in FIG. 4. At this instant, a measuring device with which the ammunition is provided (measurement of the speed of the ammunition or of the distance traveled by the munition, or time, for example) triggers one or more impellers 21 arranged on the ammunition and oriented so as to cause it to rock substantially around its center of gravity 22. These impellers, for example pyrotechnic, have no no need to be powerful, because their action is exerted when the ammunition has an almost zero speed. The position of the ammunition after rotation of 90 ° is shown in broken lines in Figure 4. As soon as this rotation is carried out, the autonomous propulsion device of the ammunition 7 is ignited, and this ammunition is directed in the direction D towards the designated target. Since the propulsion device of ammunition 7 is only ignited when this ammunition is at a relatively high altitude, it is very difficult for an observer in the target area to determine the place of launch of ammunition, all the more that if it is based on the trajectory of the ammunition after rotation of 90 °, it is brought to determine in a usual way a theoretical launching place which can be very far from the real launching place.

Les schémas explicatifs des figures 6 et 7 sont similaires à ceux des figures 4 et 5, la différence résidant dans le fait qu'après avoir atteint son apogée, la munition 7 effectue, sous la poussée de ses impulseurs 21'une rotation d'un angle de site différent de 90°. S⁺ pour une rotation inférieure à 90° ou S⁻ pour une rotation supérieure à 90°. La rotation S⁺ peut par exemple permettre d'atteindre des cibles volantes, tandis que la rotation S⁻ peut par exemple permettre d'atteindre des cibles relativement proches, mais cachées par des obstacles élevés (bâtiments, rochers) se trouvant entre elles et le lieu de lancement. Il suffit alors que l'apogée soit à une hauteur H supérieure à celle de ces obstacles.The explanatory diagrams of FIGS. 6 and 7 are similar to those of FIGS. 4 and 5, the difference residing in the fact that after reaching its peak, the ammunition 7 performs, under the thrust of its impellers 21 ′ a rotation of one site angle other than 90 °. S⁺ for rotation less than 90 ° or S⁻ for rotation greater than 90 °. The rotation S⁺ can for example allow to reach flying targets, while the rotation S⁻ can for example allow to reach relatively close targets, but hidden by high obstacles (buildings, rocks) being between them and the launch location. It then suffices that the apogee is at a height H greater than that of these obstacles.

Selon une variante de l'invention, on peut appliquer à la munition une propulsion additionnelle lorsqu'elle atteint son apogée, avant qu'elle ne bascule.According to a variant of the invention, it is possible to apply additional propulsion to the munition when it reaches its peak, before it tips over.

Selon encore une autre variante, le tube 4 peut renfermer plusieurs "étages" comprenant chacun une munition et son empilement de rondelles 5 (ou dispositif à ressort équivalent).According to yet another variant, the tube 4 can contain several "stages" each comprising an ammunition and its stack of washers 5 (or equivalent spring device).

Selon le mode de réalisation de la figure 8, le socle 1 avec le tube lanceur 4 sont intégrés dans un sac à dos 23 porté par un fantassin. Ce dernier est coiffé d'un casque 24 à viseur intégré de type connu en soi. Le sac à dos 23 contient en outre un calculateur et un dispositif de commande d'orientation du tube 4 (non représentés). Grâce à ce viseur, par exemple du type à oculomètre, pour ajuster la direction du tir, il suffit au fantassin de maintenir le regard fixé sur la cible. Le dispositif de visée est relié à un calculateur qui relève, dès que le fantassin déclenche (par exemple en appuyant sur un bouton d'un boîtier de télécommande) le processus de tir, les données nécessaires au tir (vitesse du véhicule, gisement, site ...). Le calculateur détermine, à partir de ces données, l'orientation en gisement a donner au tube 4 (maintenu vertical), l'instant du déclenchement du tir, quels impulseurs (21') allumer à l'apogée de la munition, et éventuellement s'il faut appliquer une propulsion additionnelle après atteinte de l'apogée. Le choix desdits impulseurs est conditionné en particulier par le genre de cible : si c'est un véhicule terrestre (par exemple un char, comme représenté en figure 8), on a affaire au cas du site du type S⁻ (figure 6), et si c'est une cible aérienne (par exemple un hélicoptère, comme représenté en figure 8), on a affaire au cas du site de type S⁺ (figure 6).According to the embodiment of Figure 8, the base 1 with the launcher tube 4 are integrated in a backpack 23 carried by an infantryman. The latter is wearing a helmet 24 with an integrated viewfinder of a type known per se. The backpack 23 also contains a computer and a device for controlling the orientation of the tube 4 (not shown). Thanks to this sight, for example of the oculometer type, to adjust the direction of the shot, it suffices for the infantryman to keep his gaze fixed on the target. The aiming device is connected to a computer which records, as soon as the infantryman triggers (for example by pressing a button on a remote control unit) the shooting process, the data necessary for shooting (vehicle speed, location, site ...). The computer determines, from these data, the orientation in direction to be given to the tube 4 (kept vertical), the instant of launching of the firing, which impellers (21 ') light at the peak of the ammunition, and possibly whether to apply additional propulsion after reaching climax. The choice of said impellers is conditioned in particular by the type of target: if it is a land vehicle (for example a tank, as shown in FIG. 8), we are dealing with the site of the S⁻ type site (FIG. 6), and if it is an aerial target (for example a helicopter, as represented in FIG. 8), we are dealing with the case of the S⁺ type site (FIG. 6).

Selon le mode de réalisation de la figure 9, l'ensemble 25 comprenant le socle 1 avec le tube 4, le calculateur et le dispositif de commande d'orientation et de tir, est géographiquement distant du fantassin chargé du tir qui ne porte plus qu'un casque 24A similaire au casque 24. La différence réside dans le fait que le casque 24A comporte un émetteur-récepteur (non représenté) communiquant avec un émetteur-récepteur correspondant (non représenté) disposé dans l'ensemble 25, et que l'ensemble 25 comporte des moyens permettant de calculer la position du fantassin par rapport à cet ensemble 25. Selon une variante, les moyens permettant de calculer la position du fantassin par rapport à l'ensemble 25 sont également fixés sur le casque 24A. Ainsi, le fantassin peut être assez éloigné du lieu de tir, ce qui diminue encore plus son stress, et lui permet de viser calmement et avec efficacité la cible. Un même fantassin peut diriger le tir de plusieurs ensembles 25, chacun d'eux ayant son propre code d'identification. Comme dans le cas illustré en figure 8, la cible peut aussi bien être terrestre qu'aérienne.According to the embodiment of FIG. 9, the assembly 25 comprising the base 1 with the tube 4, the computer and the device for controlling orientation and shooting, is geographically distant from the infantryman in charge of the shooting, who no longer carries anything but 'a 24A helmet similar to the helmet 24. The difference lies in the fact that the helmet 24A comprises a transceiver (not shown) communicating with a corresponding transceiver (not shown) arranged in the assembly 25, and that the assembly 25 comprises means making it possible to calculate the position of the infantryman with respect to this assembly 25. According to a variant, the means making it possible to calculate the position of the infantryman relative to the assembly 25 are also fixed to the helmet 24A. Thus, the infantryman can be quite far from the firing point, which further reduces his stress, and allows him to aim calmly and with efficiency the target. The same infantryman can direct the fire of several sets 25, each of them having its own identification code. As in the case illustrated in Figure 8, the target can be both terrestrial and aerial.

On a illustré en figure 10 en vue de côté et en figure 11 en vue de dessus l'attaque d'un char par le dispositif de la figure 9. Le calculateur de l'ensemble 25 détermine l'angle de site S⁻ dont il faut faire tourner la munition 7 lorsqu'elle a atteint son apogée, compte tenu de la hauteur H de cet apogée, de la vitesse et de la direction de déplacement du char, de la position du fantassin par rapport à l'ensemble 25 et de la distance du char à l'ensemble 25 (ou du fantassin au char et à l'ensemble 25). Le calculateur détermine également le gisement G de pointage du tube lanceur 4 par rapport à une direction géographique vers laquelle est orienté le repère 9 du socle 1, compte tenu des paramètres précités.There is illustrated in FIG. 10 in side view and in FIG. 11 in top view the attack of a tank by the device of FIG. 9. The computer of the assembly 25 determines the angle of site S⁻ of which it ammunition 7 must be rotated when it has reached its apex, taking into account the height H of this apex, the speed and direction of movement of the tank, the position of the infantryman with respect to the assembly 25 and the distance from the tank to the unit 25 (or from the infantryman to the tank and to the unit 25). The computer also determines the deposit G for pointing the launching tube 4 with respect to a geographic direction towards which the reference 9 of the base 1 is oriented, taking into account the aforementioned parameters.

On a illustré en figure 12, en vue de côté et en figure 13 en vue de dessus, l'attaque d'une cible aérienne, par exemple un hélicoptère. Le calculateur de l'ensemble 25 détermine l'angle de site S⁺ dont il faut faire tourner la munition 7 lorsqu'elle a atteint son apogée, compte tenu de la hauteur H de cet apogée, de l'altitude, de la vitesse et de la direction de déplacement de l'hélicoptère, ainsi que de sa distance à l'ensemble 25 et de la position du fantassin par rapport à l'ensemble 25. Le calculateur détermine également le gisement G de pointage du tube lanceur 4 par rapport à une direction géographique vers la quelle est orienté le repère 9 du socle 7, compte tenu des paramètres précités. Dans ce cas, la munition peut être du type à charge creuse préfragmentée et éclater en passant à proximité de la cible, ce qui peut également être avantageux lorsque la cible est par exemple un véhicule blindé autre qu'un char.Illustrated in FIG. 12, in side view and in FIG. 13 in top view, the attack on an aerial target, for example a helicopter. The computer of the assembly 25 determines the angle of site S⁺ whose ammunition 7 must be rotated when it has reached its peak, taking into account the height H of this peak, the altitude, the speed and the direction of movement of the helicopter, as well as its distance from the assembly 25 and the position of the infantryman with respect to the assembly 25. The computer also determines the directional bearing G of the launch tube 4 with respect to a geographic direction towards which the reference 9 of the base 7 is oriented, taking into account the aforementioned parameters. In this case, the ammunition can be of the pre-fragmented hollow charge type and burst by passing close to the target, which can also be advantageous when the target is for example an armored vehicle other than a tank.

On a illustré en figure 14 le cas de l'attaque d'une cible telle qu'un char par le dessus. Dans ce cas, on fait tourner la munition 7 d'un angle de site S⁺ comme s'il s'agissait du cas des figures 12 et 13, la trajectoire de la munition étant alors courbe. Pour commander une telle trajectoire, on prévoit dans le boîtier de télécommande du fantassin une touche correspondant à ce mode, et le calculateur de l'ensemble 25 tient compte de ce paramètre supplémentaire.FIG. 14 illustrates the case of attacking a target such as a tank from above. In this case, we rotate the ammunition 7 of a site angle S⁺ as if it were the case of Figures 12 and 13, the trajectory of the ammunition then being curved. To control such a trajectory, a button corresponding to this mode is provided in the infantryman's remote control unit, and the computer of the assembly 25 takes this additional parameter into account.

Ainsi, le dispositif de l'invention permet une grande liberté de mouvements du fantassin tout en diminuant son stress, et est adapté à la fois à des cibles terrestres et à des cibles aériennes. Le départ vertical de la munition et l'absence de flammes au moment du départ rendent le tir le plus furtif possible. Le basculement de la munition à faible vitesse (à son apogée) permet de lui faire suivre subséquemment une trajectoire précalculée sans avoir à procéder à une correction de cette trajectoire (toutefois, il est bien entendu qu'il est possible de prévoir une telle correction, par télécommande ou à l'aide d'un autodirecteur, afin d'améliorer la précision du tir, en particulier lors d'un brusque changement de direction et/ou de vitesse de la cible). Tous les éléments de ce dispositif sont facilement réutilisables, et dans le cas des modes de réalisation des figures 9 à 14, le fait de séparer géographiquement les éléments fragiles et onéreux (casque de visée) des autres éléments, permet de diminuer le coût des pertes en cas de destruction du lanceur (25).Thus, the device of the invention allows great freedom of movement of the infantryman while reducing his stress, and is adapted both to ground targets and to aerial targets. The vertical departure of the ammunition and the absence of flames at the time of departure make the shot as stealthy as possible. The tilting of the munition at low speed (at its peak) allows it to follow a precalculated trajectory subsequently without having to correct this trajectory (however, it is understood that it is possible to provide for such a correction, by remote control or using a seeker, in order to improve the precision of the shooting, in particular during a sudden change of direction and / or speed of the target). All the elements of this device are easily reusable, and in the case of the embodiments of FIGS. 9 to 14, the fact of geographically separating the fragile and expensive elements (aiming helmet) from the other elements, makes it possible to reduce the cost of losses in case of destruction of the launcher (25).

Claims (12)

Lanceur de munitions mobile évitant le stress du tireur, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comporte un socle de lancement (1) orientable en gisement et supportant un tube lanceur (4) de munition (7) orienté sensiblement verticalement lors du tir, et comprenant un accumulateur d'énergie à ressort (5), orientable en gisement, un dispositif de visée de cible (24, 24A), un dispositif de commande d'orientation du tube lanceur et un dispositif calculateur relié au dispositif de visée et au dispositif de commande d'orientation.Mobile ammunition launcher avoiding the stress of the shooter, characterized by the fact that it comprises a launching base (1) orientable in bearing and supporting a launcher tube (4) of ammunition (7) oriented substantially vertically during the firing, and comprising a spring energy accumulator (5), orientable in bearing, a target sighting device (24, 24A), a device for controlling the orientation of the launcher tube and a calculating device connected to the aiming device and the orientation control. Lanceur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que le dispositif de visée de cible est fixé sur un casque porté par le tireur.Launcher according to claim 1, characterized in that the target sighting device is fixed on a helmet worn by the shooter. Lanceur selon la revendication 2, caractérisé par le fait que le dispositif de visée de cible est du type à oculomètre.Launcher according to claim 2, characterized in that the target sighting device is of the oculometer type. Lanceur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé par le fait que ses éléments autres que le dispositif de visée forment un ensemble intégré porté par le tireur dans un sac à dos (23).Launcher according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that its elements other than the aiming device form an integrated assembly carried by the shooter in a backpack (23). Lanceur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé par le fait que ses éléments autres que le dispositif de visée forment un ensemble (25) géographiquement distinct du tireur.Launcher according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that its elements other than the aiming device form an assembly (25) geographically distinct from the shooter. Lanceur selon la revendication 5, caractérisé par le fait que le dispositif de visée et ledit ensemble comportent chacun un émetteur-récepteur et que l'un de ces deux éléments comporte des moyens donnant sa position géographique par rapport à l'autre élément.Launcher according to claim 5, characterized in that the aiming device and said assembly each comprise a transceiver and that one of these two elements comprises means giving its geographical position in relation to the other element. Lanceur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que l'accumulateur d'énergie à ressort comporte un empilement de rondelles Belleville.Launcher according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spring energy accumulator comprises a stack of Belleville washers. Lanceur selon la revendication 7, caractérisé par le fait que les rondelles Belleville sont en matériau composite.Launcher according to claim 7, characterized in that the Belleville washers are made of composite material. Lanceur selon l'une des revendications 7 ou 8, caractérisé par le fait que la munition (7) comporte des impulseurs qui lui font subir à son apogée une rotation.Launcher according to one of claims 7 or 8, characterized in that the ammunition (7) comprises impellers which make it undergo its rotation at its peak. Lanceur selon la revendication 9, caractérisé par le fait que la munition subit une poussée additionnelle avant de subir une rotation.Launcher according to claim 9, characterized in that the munition undergoes an additional thrust before undergoing a rotation. Lanceur selon l'une des revendications 9 ou 10, caractérisé par le fait que la munition comporte des propulseurs qui sont activés lorsqu'elle atteint son apogée.Launcher according to one of claims 9 or 10, characterized in that the ammunition comprises propellants which are activated when it reaches its peak. Lanceur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comporte un dispositif de verrouillage (6) du dispositif accumulateur d'énergie.Launcher according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a locking device (6) of the energy storage device.
EP93400528A 1992-03-03 1993-03-02 Mobile projectile launcher avoiding stress to person firing same Withdrawn EP0559548A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9202496A FR2688303A1 (en) 1992-03-03 1992-03-03 MOBILE AMMUNITION LAUNCHER AVOIDING THE SHOOTINGER'S STRESS.
FR9202496 1992-03-03

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2052201A4 (en) * 2006-08-16 2012-10-03 Rafael Armament Dev Authority Miniature missile

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2522804A1 (en) * 1982-03-05 1983-09-09 Thomson Csf OCULOMETER APPARATUS AND ITS USE IN A HEADSET SYSTEM
FR2651571A1 (en) * 1989-09-04 1991-03-08 Macron Patrick Novel type of hand grenade, with sighting and ejection device

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2522804A1 (en) * 1982-03-05 1983-09-09 Thomson Csf OCULOMETER APPARATUS AND ITS USE IN A HEADSET SYSTEM
FR2651571A1 (en) * 1989-09-04 1991-03-08 Macron Patrick Novel type of hand grenade, with sighting and ejection device

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2052201A4 (en) * 2006-08-16 2012-10-03 Rafael Armament Dev Authority Miniature missile
US8664575B2 (en) 2006-08-16 2014-03-04 Rafael Advanced Defense Systems Ltd. Miniature missile

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FR2688303A1 (en) 1993-09-10
FR2688303B1 (en) 1994-04-22

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