EP0549384A1 - Method of manufacturing paper comprising reduced thickness and transparently in local zones and the paper obtained therefrom - Google Patents

Method of manufacturing paper comprising reduced thickness and transparently in local zones and the paper obtained therefrom Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0549384A1
EP0549384A1 EP92403096A EP92403096A EP0549384A1 EP 0549384 A1 EP0549384 A1 EP 0549384A1 EP 92403096 A EP92403096 A EP 92403096A EP 92403096 A EP92403096 A EP 92403096A EP 0549384 A1 EP0549384 A1 EP 0549384A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
parts
sheet
thickness
paper
flexible
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP92403096A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Etienne Bigot
Yves Douesneau
Robert Blin
Jean Gibelin
Pierre Doublet
Alain Tinevez
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ArjoWiggins SAS
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ArjoWiggins SAS
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Publication of EP0549384A1 publication Critical patent/EP0549384A1/en
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
    • D21H21/40—Agents facilitating proof of genuineness or preventing fraudulent alteration, e.g. for security paper
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F1/00—Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F1/44—Watermarking devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for manufacturing a paper comprising localized zones of reduced thickness and opacity and more particularly a paper for banknotes or a security paper comprising large zones of thickness and opacity reduced, in specific places, these areas being watermarks.
  • the invention further relates to a security paper, in particular for checks comprising areas of reduced thickness.
  • paper means any sheet obtained by the wet process using a suspension of natural cellulose fibers and / or synthetic fibers which may contain various fillers and various additives commonly used in stationery.
  • Papers which are transparentized are already known in the prior art. These papers are for example made transparent by chemical compositions (see in particular French patent n ° 82 05124, filed on March 15, 1982 by ARJOMARI-PRIOUX). These papers are made transparent over their entire surface and are intended for applications for industrial design, reproduction of plans, etc.
  • the light areas are due to the fact that the sheet thickness and the density of the fibers are smaller than the sheet thickness and the density of the fibers in the areas where the watermark has not been imprinted .
  • the dark areas are due to the fact that the thickness of the sheet and the density of the fibers are greater.
  • Such watermarks have clear parts which generally have areas of a few mm 2 and the variation in opacity between the light part of the watermark and the non-watermarked paper is small. If you want to print on the light areas of these watermarks, it is very difficult to match the light areas and the printing and even with very precise identification of the watermarks, it is difficult to obtain a good match.
  • a security paper comprising zones of reduced opacity, at determined and well-localized locations, the zones making it possible to see by transmission, with the naked eye, prints carried on the face opposite to the face on which we are looking at the paper .
  • the zones can, for example, be produced in the form of a watermark by using methods of round shape or with watermark rollers.
  • the first problem is as follows: To make a watermark, the skilled person knows that one can emboss the canvas in a round shape using a punch. For example, if you want a clear circular area, you will emboss the canvas with a circular punch. However, using such a method, one does not obtain a clear zone of constant opacity. Indeed, it has been observed that the fibers tend to deposit in greater quantity in the vicinity of the center of the embossed part than on the edges and therefore the center of the watermark appears much less clear than the edges. If we use a watermark roll which has raised asperities, we get the same phenomenon.
  • a second problem which arises is that when one wants zones of reduced thickness and therefore clear having an area of more than 0.4 cm2, one does not obtain a clear zone.
  • a first object of the invention is to provide a simple process for manufacturing paper comprising areas of reduced thickness and therefore of reduced opacity, at determined and well located locations, having an area of at least 0.4 cm2 .
  • a second object of the invention is to provide a method for manufacturing such paper, without the paper being pierced during manufacture.
  • a third object of the invention is to provide security paper, in particular for checks comprising an area of reduced thickness compared to the thickness of the rest of the sheet, this area constituting a protection of the handwritten mentions carried on the check and notably avoiding scratching.
  • the invention relates to a method of manufacturing a sheet of paper comprising at least one zone having a thickness reduced compared to the thickness of the rest of the sheet, and having an area of at least 0.4 cm2, by placing on an embossed canvas or not, possibly arranged on a round shape, an aqueous dispersion containing at least cellulose fibers, by draining the water to form the sheet, in the presence or not of a watermark roll, by drying ; characterized by the fact that we use flexible parts which are associated with the watermarked canvas, the watermark roller or the round shape, so that the dripping of water during the formation of the sheet in the areas of the flexible parts is reduced compared to water drainage in areas without flexible parts.
  • the sheet of paper is such that the zone having a reduced thickness has a thickness less than 40% of the thickness of the rest of the sheet.
  • the sheet may also be such that said zone has an average opacity less than 40% of the opacity of the rest of the sheet.
  • the area has a thickness which is approximately 30% less than the thickness of the rest of the sheet.
  • a first embodiment is to use flexible parts which are pellets comprising solid parts and empty parts, the surface of the empty parts being less than 80%, preferably less than 50%, or equal to the surface of the parts solid, these pellets being associated with the canvas of the watermark roll.
  • the pellets can be synthetic pellets, but according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the pellets are metallic and are obtained by electroplating.
  • the pellets are oval to obtain circular areas. They may for example comprise solid parts alternating with empty parts, these full and empty parts being parallel to the diameter of the pellet.
  • the solid parts have a thickness equal to the thickness of the hollow parts.
  • the pellets can also have substantially circular empty parts, equidistant and aligned along two perpendicular diameters of the patch.
  • a second embodiment is to use full flexible parts, these parts being preferably introduced between the watermarked fabric and the under canvas or fabrics.
  • These parts can for example be made of possibly porous rubber. For example, they can be pseudorectangular.
  • Figure 1 shows in section a watermark obtained using canvas embossing, according to the prior art.
  • FIG. 2 represents tablets comprising solid parts and empty parts.
  • Figure 3 shows in section a flexible piece inserted between the watermarked canvas and the undercloths.
  • FIG. 4 represents another embodiment of the embossing of the watermarked fabric and of the introduction of the flexible part between the watermarked fabric and the one or more sub-fabrics.
  • FIG. 5 represents another embodiment of FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 6 represents a check paper obtained according to the invention.
  • an embossed canvas 1 in section, which therefore has a relief 2.
  • This canvas is according to the well-known technique of watermarking, consisting of a metal grid with large meshes on which an aqueous dispersion of fibers, for example cellulose fibers, possibly with synthetic fibers and other additives commonly used in stationery.
  • the water in the dispersion drips according to arrow F1 by gravity or by suction. It then forms a wet sheet 3 made of fibers.
  • the fibers are deposited very little on the edges 4 and 5 of the embossing in relief.
  • the center 6 of the embossing the fibers tend to deposit at a greater thickness than on the edges 4 and 5. Because the opacity of a sheet is a function of its thickness, a watermark which has edges whose opacity is low and a center whose opacity is very close to that of the rest of the sheet.
  • this paper is produced in the following manner: manufactures a sheet of paper by forming an aqueous suspension containing at least cellulosic fibers and possibly other fibers, binders or other additives.
  • the sheet is formed using a round shape.
  • Flexible pieces are associated with the round shape or with the watermarked fabric so that the drainage of water during the formation of the sheet takes place at the level of the flexible pieces.
  • the sheet can also be formed on a flat table and the flexible parts are combined with a watermark roll. The sheet is then dried.
  • Flexible parts are used which are pellets 7 comprising solid parts 8 and empty parts 9, the surface of the empty parts being less than 80%, preferably less than 50%, or equal to the surface of the solid parts.
  • the pellets are associated with the canvas of the watermark roll.
  • the pellets can be synthetic pellets, but according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the pellets are metallic and are obtained by electroplating.
  • FIGS. 2 a and 2 b there are shown oval pellets, viewed from above. But they can have any shape and their shape will be transferred slightly distorted, on the paper to give the watermark.
  • the pellets comprise solid straight portions 8 alternated with empty straight portions 9, these solid portions 8 and empty 9 being parallel to the diameter of the patch.
  • the solid parts 8 have a thickness equal to the thickness of the hollow parts 9.
  • FIG. 2 c shows a patch which has empty parts 10 which are substantially circular, equidistant and aligned along two perpendicular diameters of the patch.
  • the solid parts 11 are substantially rectilinear.
  • the paper When the paper is finished, it has an area where the fibers are deposited, an area whose opacity is lower than the opacity of the rest of the paper.
  • This opacity is a medium opacity, because at the places corresponding to the solid parts 8 or 10, the fibers are less deposited in quantity than on the hollow parts 9 or 11.
  • the finished paper does not have a hole because the water could drip through the empty parts, during the manufacture of the sheet.
  • FIG. 3 represents a second embodiment of the invention.
  • Flexible parts are used which are solid pellets 13, these pellets being introduced between the watermarked fabric 14 and the under fabric (s) 15 and 16.
  • the fibers are deposited on the watermarked fabric 14 and l water drips according to arrow F2.
  • the fibers are deposited at the location of the pellet so that the thickness of the paper is uniform. Where the fibers are deposited on the pad, the thickness of the fibers is less than the thickness of the rest of the paper.
  • FIG. 4 shows a flexible piece 18 introduced between an embossed watermarked fabric 19 and an under canvas 20.
  • the flexible piece is for example a rectangular piece, preferably metallic, having, according to one embodiment, a thickness of 1 mm.
  • the watermarked fabric is embossed at a depth slightly greater than the thickness of the part, for example 1.2 mm.
  • the embossing is carried out so that the fabric 19 perfectly matches the contours of the part 18.
  • This fabric 19 therefore does not include peaks 21, 22 as shown in FIG. 3.
  • the fact that there is no peak prevents the watermark obtained from having a darker perimeter relative to the interior of this watermark.
  • the sub-fabric 20 is not embossed and is placed directly on the fabric 19 and the part 18.
  • the surface of the piece 18 is greater than 0.4 cm2, for example the length of the piece is 3 cm and its width of 1 cm.
  • FIG. 5 shows a flexible part 23 whose edges 24, 25 are chamfered.
  • the watermarked fabric 26 is embossed so as to match the edges 24, 25 of the part 23.
  • FIG. 6 shows a security paper, preferably a paper for checks, obtained according to the method according to the invention.
  • This security paper 27 comprises at least one zone 28 whose thickness is less than a maximum of 40% of the thickness of the rest of the sheet.
  • the zone 28 has a thickness 30% less than the thickness of the rest of the sheet.
  • a pellet of the kind shown in FIG. 1 a is produced by electroplating, which has solid parts 0.6 mm wide and empty parts 0.6 mm. This pellet is joined together on a watermark roll and a paper is made using cellulose fibers and other products. The thickness and the opacity of the paper are measured at the place where the tablet was and in the rest of the paper.
  • Example 1 A tablet is produced as in Example 1, but the solid parts and the empty parts are 0.1 mm wide. We make a paper and we make the same measurements as in Example 1.
  • a pellet is made like that of Example 1, but the empty parts have a smaller area than that of the solid parts. Paper is made and the same measurements are made as in Example 1.
  • Example 2c A tablet like that of Example 2c is produced , but the empty parts have a smaller area than that of the solid parts. Paper is made and the same measurements are made as in Example 1.
  • a flexible piece 1 mm thick is used and the 1.2 mm watermarked canvas is embossed. The part is associated between the watermarked canvas and the under canvas as shown in FIG. 4.
  • a paper having a weight per cm2 of 83 g / cm2 or 92 g / cm2 is produced.
  • the opacities FMY and EEL are measured according to AFNOR standards No. Q03-006, Q03-038, Q03-039, Q03-040 of the paper and of the watermark obtained. the thickness in microns of the paper and the watermark is also measured.
  • the thickness of the zones is approximately 27% less than the thickness of the rest of the sheet and that the opacity of the zones is approximately 8 to 16% less than the opacity of the remainder of leaf.

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Abstract

Process for the manufacture of a sheet of paper. According to the invention the sheet comprises at least one region where the thickness is reduced in relation to the thickness of the remainder of the sheet and has a surface area of at least 0.4 cm<2>, by arranging on a cloth, embossed or otherwise, optionally arranged on a round mould, an aqueous dispersion containing at least cellulose fibres, by draining the water to form the sheet, in the presence or absence of a dandy roll, and by then drying, characterised in that flexible components are employed which are used in combination with the dandy cloth, the dandy roll or the round mould, so that the draining of the water when the sheet is being formed in the regions of the flexible components is reduced in relation to the draining of the water in the regions which do not comprise any flexible components. Application to banknote and security paper. <IMAGE>

Description

L'invention concerne un procédé pour la fabrication d'un papier comportant des zones localisées d'épaisseur et d'opacité réduites et plus particulièrement un papier pour billets de banque ou un papier de sécurité comportant des zones importantes d'épaisseur et d'opacité réduites, à des endroits déterminés, ces zones étant des filigranes.The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a paper comprising localized zones of reduced thickness and opacity and more particularly a paper for banknotes or a security paper comprising large zones of thickness and opacity reduced, in specific places, these areas being watermarks.

L'invention concerne en outre un papier de sécurité, notamment pour chèques comportant des zones d'épaisseur réduite.The invention further relates to a security paper, in particular for checks comprising areas of reduced thickness.

Dans la présente description, "papier" signifie toute feuille obtenue par voie humide à l'aide d'une suspension de fibres de cellulose naturelle et/ou de fibres synthétiques pouvant contenir diverses charges et divers additifs utilisés couramment en papeterie.In the present description, "paper" means any sheet obtained by the wet process using a suspension of natural cellulose fibers and / or synthetic fibers which may contain various fillers and various additives commonly used in stationery.

On connaît déjà dans la technique antérieure des papiers qui sont transparentisés. Ces papiers sont par exemple rendus transparents par des compositions chimiques (voir notamment le brevet français n° 82 05124, déposé le 15 mars 1982 par ARJOMARI-PRIOUX). Ces papiers sont rendus transparents sur toute leur surface et sont destinés à des applications pour le dessin industriel, la reproduction de plans, etc.Papers which are transparentized are already known in the prior art. These papers are for example made transparent by chemical compositions (see in particular French patent n ° 82 05124, filed on March 15, 1982 by ARJOMARI-PRIOUX). These papers are made transparent over their entire surface and are intended for applications for industrial design, reproduction of plans, etc.

On connaît aussi des procédés chimiques de transparentisation partielle, c'est-à-dire à des endroits déterminés. Ces procédés utilisent des compositions à base de graisse ou d'huile minérale ou végétale qui sont déposées par impression. Cependant, il est difficile d'imprimer sur ces zones transparentisées à l'aide de techniques usuelles actuelles d'impression (offset, taille-douce, héliographie, etc.).Chemical processes of partial transparency are also known, that is to say at specific locations. These methods use compositions based on grease or mineral or vegetable oil which are deposited by printing. However, it is difficult to print on these transparent areas using current conventional printing techniques (offset, intaglio, photogravure, etc.).

Par ailleurs, il est connu de réaliser des différences d'épaisseur et de densité dans le papier, notamment par la technique des filigranes utilisée pour sécuriser les papiers pour billets de banque, les documents d'identité ou documents officiels et de valeur. Ces filigranes sont obtenus lors de la fabrication de la feuille de papier par des formes rondes comportant des empreintes en creux et/ou en relief ou à l'aide de rouleaux filigraneurs comportant des dessins en creux et/ou en relief associés à une table plate (machine Fourdrinier). On obtient alors une image qui, lorsqu'on regarde la feuille de papier en transmission, apparaît soit claire, si le rouleau filigraneur comporte un dessin en relief, soit sombre, si le rouleau filigraneur comporte un dessin en creux. Les zones claires sont dues au fait que l'épaisseur de la feuille et la densité des fibres sont plus faibles que l'épaisseur de la feuille et la densité des fibres dans les zones où il n'y a pas eu empreinte par le rouleau filigraneur. Au contraire, les zones foncées sont dues au fait que l'épaisseur de la feuille et la densité des fibres sont plus importantes.Furthermore, it is known to make differences in thickness and density in the paper, in particular by the watermark technique used to secure papers for banknotes, identity documents or official and valuable documents. These watermarks are obtained during the manufacture of the sheet of paper by round shapes comprising hollow and / or relief imprints or by means of watermark rollers comprising hollow and / or relief drawings associated with a flat table. (Fourdrinier machine). We then obtain an image which, when we look at the sheet of paper in transmission, appears either clear, if the watermark roll has a relief design, or dark, if the watermark roll has a hollow design. The light areas are due to the fact that the sheet thickness and the density of the fibers are smaller than the sheet thickness and the density of the fibers in the areas where the watermark has not been imprinted . On the contrary, the dark areas are due to the fact that the thickness of the sheet and the density of the fibers are greater.

De tels filigranes comportent des parties claires qui ont en général des superficies de quelques mm² et la variation d'opacité entre la partie claire du filigrane et le papier non filigrané est faible. Si l'on souhaite effectuer une impression sur les zones claires de ces filigranes, il est très difficile de faire correspondre les zones claires et l'impression et même avec un repérage très précis des filigranes, on parvient difficilement à obtenir une bonne correspondance.Such watermarks have clear parts which generally have areas of a few mm 2 and the variation in opacity between the light part of the watermark and the non-watermarked paper is small. If you want to print on the light areas of these watermarks, it is very difficult to match the light areas and the printing and even with very precise identification of the watermarks, it is difficult to obtain a good match.

On a décrit dans la demande de brevet européen n° 388 090, déposée le 9 mars 1990 par THE LA RUE COMPANY PLC. un papier de sécurité comportant des zones d'opacité réduite, à des endroits déterminés et bien localisés, les zones permettant de voir par transmission, à l'oeil nu, des impressions portées sur la face opposée à la face selon laquelle on regarde le papier. Les zones peuvent par exemple être réalisées sous forme de filigrane en utilisant des procédés par forme ronde ou par rouleaux filigraneurs.We have described in European patent application No. 388,090, filed March 9, 1990 by THE LA RUE COMPANY PLC. a security paper comprising zones of reduced opacity, at determined and well-localized locations, the zones making it possible to see by transmission, with the naked eye, prints carried on the face opposite to the face on which we are looking at the paper . The zones can, for example, be produced in the form of a watermark by using methods of round shape or with watermark rollers.

Or, dans cette demande de brevet, on ne décrit pas comment on obtient industriellement ces zones.However, in this patent application, we do not describe how these zones are obtained industrially.

Industriellement, il est relativement aisé de fabriquer du papier comportant des zones d'épaisseur réduite et donc claires, obtenues par la technique du filigrane, quand la superficie de ces zones est inférieure à 0,4 cm². Par contre, si l'on souhaite obtenir des zones dont la superficie est supérieure à 0,4 cm², par la technique du filigrane l'homme du Métier rencontre des problèmes techniques.Industrially, it is relatively easy to manufacture paper comprising areas of reduced thickness and therefore clear, obtained by the watermark technique, when the area of these areas is less than 0.4 cm². On the other hand, if one wishes to obtain zones whose surface is greater than 0.4 cm², by the technique of the watermark the skilled person encounters technical problems.

Le premier problème est le suivant: Pour réaliser un filigrane, l'homme du métier sait que l'on peut embosser la toile d'une forme ronde à l'aide d'un poinçon. Par exemple, si on souhaite une zone circulaire claire, on embossera la toile avec un poinçon circulaire. Cependant, en utilisant un tel procédé, on n'obtient pas une zone claire d'opacité constante. En effet, on s'est aperçu que les fibres ont tendance à se déposer en plus grande quantité au voisinage du centre de la partie embossée que sur les bords et donc le centre du filigrane apparaît beaucoup moins clair que les bords. Si on utilise un rouleau filigraneur qui comporte des aspérités en relief, on obtient le même phénomène.The first problem is as follows: To make a watermark, the skilled person knows that one can emboss the canvas in a round shape using a punch. For example, if you want a clear circular area, you will emboss the canvas with a circular punch. However, using such a method, one does not obtain a clear zone of constant opacity. Indeed, it has been observed that the fibers tend to deposit in greater quantity in the vicinity of the center of the embossed part than on the edges and therefore the center of the watermark appears much less clear than the edges. If we use a watermark roll which has raised asperities, we get the same phenomenon.

Un deuxième problème qui se pose est que lorque l'on veut des zones d'épaisseur réduite et donc claires ayant une superficie de plus de 0,4 cm², on n'obtient pas de zone claire.A second problem which arises is that when one wants zones of reduced thickness and therefore clear having an area of more than 0.4 cm², one does not obtain a clear zone.

On connait par ailleurs divers moyens pour éviter la falsification des chèques. Ainsi, on peut ajouter dans ou sur le papier pour chèques des composés chimiques qui réagissent avec des acides, des bases ou des crayons effaceurs. Cependant, on cherche toujours de nouveaux moyens contre la falsification.We also know various ways to avoid forgery of checks. Thus, chemical compounds which react with acids, bases or erasers can be added to or on the check paper. However, we are always looking for new means against falsification.

Un premier but de l'invention est de fournir un procédé simple de fabrication de papier comportant des zones d'épaisseur réduite et donc d'opacité réduite, à des endroits déterminés et bien localisés, ayant une superficie d'au moins 0,4 cm².A first object of the invention is to provide a simple process for manufacturing paper comprising areas of reduced thickness and therefore of reduced opacity, at determined and well located locations, having an area of at least 0.4 cm² .

Un deuxième but de l'invention est de fournir un procédé de fabrication d'un tel papier, sans que l'on perce le papier lors de la fabrication.A second object of the invention is to provide a method for manufacturing such paper, without the paper being pierced during manufacture.

Un troisième but de l'invention est de fournir un papier de sécurité, notamment pour chèques comportant une zone d'épaisseur réduite par rapport à l'épaisseur du reste de la feuille, cette zone constituant une protection des mentions manuscrites portées sur le chèque et évitant notamment le grattage.A third object of the invention is to provide security paper, in particular for checks comprising an area of reduced thickness compared to the thickness of the rest of the sheet, this area constituting a protection of the handwritten mentions carried on the check and notably avoiding scratching.

A cet effet, l'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication d'une feuille de papier comportant au moins une zone ayant une épaisseur réduite par rapport à l'épaisseur du reste de la feuille, et ayant une superficie d'au moins 0,4 cm², en disposant sur une toile embossée ou non, éventuellement disposée sur une forme ronde, une dispersion aqueuse contenant au moins des fibres cellulosiques, en égouttant l'eau pour former la feuille, en présence ou non d'un rouleau filigraneur, en séchant ; caractérisé par le fait qu'on utilise des pièces flexibles que l'on associe à la toile filigraneuse, au rouleau filigraneur ou à la forme ronde, de façon que l'égouttage de l'eau lors de la formation de la feuille dans les zones des pièces flexibles soit diminué par rapport à l'égouttage de l'eau dans les zones ne comportant pas de pièce flexible.To this end, the invention relates to a method of manufacturing a sheet of paper comprising at least one zone having a thickness reduced compared to the thickness of the rest of the sheet, and having an area of at least 0.4 cm², by placing on an embossed canvas or not, possibly arranged on a round shape, an aqueous dispersion containing at least cellulose fibers, by draining the water to form the sheet, in the presence or not of a watermark roll, by drying ; characterized by the fact that we use flexible parts which are associated with the watermarked canvas, the watermark roller or the round shape, so that the dripping of water during the formation of the sheet in the areas of the flexible parts is reduced compared to water drainage in areas without flexible parts.

Selon l'invention, la feuille de papier est telle que la zone ayant une épaisseur réduite a une épaisseur inférieure jusqu'à 40 % de l'épaisseur du reste de la feuille. La feuille peut aussi être telle que ladite zone a une opacité moyenne inférieure jusqu'à 40 % de l'opacité du reste de la feuille.According to the invention, the sheet of paper is such that the zone having a reduced thickness has a thickness less than 40% of the thickness of the rest of the sheet. The sheet may also be such that said zone has an average opacity less than 40% of the opacity of the rest of the sheet.

De préférence, la zone a une épaisseur inférieure de environ 30 % à l'épaisseur du reste de la feuille.Preferably, the area has a thickness which is approximately 30% less than the thickness of the rest of the sheet.

Du fait que l'égouttage de l'eau n'est pas empêché au niveau des pièces flexibles, les contraintes exercées sur la feuille de papier ne sont pas suffisantes pour amorcer des points de rupture et la feuille ne se troue pas.Since the drainage of water is not prevented at the level of the flexible parts, the stresses exerted on the sheet of paper are not sufficient to initiate breaking points and the sheet is not perforated.

Un premier mode de réalisation est d'utiliser des pièces flexibles qui sont des pastilles comportant des parties pleines et des parties vides, la surface des parties vides étant inférieure à 80 %, de préférence inférieure à 50 %, ou égale à la surface des parties pleines, ces pastilles étant associées à la toile du rouleau filigraneur. Les pastilles peuvent être des pastilles en matière synthétique, mais selon un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, les pastilles sont métalliques et sont obtenues par galvanoplastie.A first embodiment is to use flexible parts which are pellets comprising solid parts and empty parts, the surface of the empty parts being less than 80%, preferably less than 50%, or equal to the surface of the parts solid, these pellets being associated with the canvas of the watermark roll. The pellets can be synthetic pellets, but according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the pellets are metallic and are obtained by electroplating.

De préférence, les pastilles sont ovales pour obtenir des zones circulaires. Elles peuvent par exemple comporter des parties pleines alternées avec des parties vides, ces parties pleines et vides étant parallèles au diamètre de la pastille.Preferably, the pellets are oval to obtain circular areas. They may for example comprise solid parts alternating with empty parts, these full and empty parts being parallel to the diameter of the pellet.

Plus préférentiellement les parties pleines ont une épaisseur égale à l'épaisseur des parties creuses.More preferably, the solid parts have a thickness equal to the thickness of the hollow parts.

Les pastilles peuvent aussi comporter des parties vides sensiblement circulaires, équidistantes et alignées selon deux diamètres perpendiculaires de la pastille.The pellets can also have substantially circular empty parts, equidistant and aligned along two perpendicular diameters of the patch.

Un second mode de réalisation est d'utiliser des pièces flexibles pleines, ces pièces étant introduites de préférence entre la toile filigraneuse et la ou les sous toiles. Ces pièces peuvent par exemple être en caoutchouc éventuellement poreux. Par exemple elles peuvent être pseudorectangulaires.A second embodiment is to use full flexible parts, these parts being preferably introduced between the watermarked fabric and the under canvas or fabrics. These parts can for example be made of possibly porous rubber. For example, they can be pseudorectangular.

La description suivante, en regard des dessins et des exemples, annexés à titre non limitatif, permettra comment l'invention peut être mise en pratique.The following description, with reference to the drawings and examples, appended without limitation, will show how the invention can be put into practice.

La figure 1 représente en coupe un filigrane obtenu à l'aide d'embossage de toile, selon la technique antérieure.Figure 1 shows in section a watermark obtained using canvas embossing, according to the prior art.

La figure 2 représente des pastilles comportant des parties pleines et des parties vides.FIG. 2 represents tablets comprising solid parts and empty parts.

La figure 3 représente en coupe une pièce flexible introduite entre la toile filigraneuse et les sous toiles.Figure 3 shows in section a flexible piece inserted between the watermarked canvas and the undercloths.

La figure 4 représente un autre mode de réalisation de l'embossage de la toile filigraneuse et de l'introduction de la pièce flexible entre la toile filigraneuse et la ou les sous toiles.FIG. 4 represents another embodiment of the embossing of the watermarked fabric and of the introduction of the flexible part between the watermarked fabric and the one or more sub-fabrics.

La figure 5 représente un autre mode de réalisation de la figure 4.FIG. 5 represents another embodiment of FIG. 4.

La figure 6 représente un papier pour chèques obtenu selon l'invention.FIG. 6 represents a check paper obtained according to the invention.

On a représenté sur la figure 1 une toile 1 embossée, en coupe, qui comporte donc un relief 2. Cette toile est selon la technique bien connue du filigranage, constituée d'une grille métallique à larges mailles sur laquelle on dépose une dispersion aqueuse de fibres, par exemple des fibres de cellulose, éventuellement avec des fibres synthétiques et d'autres additifs couramment utilisés en papeterie. L'eau de la dispersion s'égoutte selon la flèche F1 par gravité ou par succion. Il se forme alors une feuille 3 humide constituée de fibres. Les fibres ne se déposent que très peu sur les bords 4 et 5 de l'embossage en relief. Par contre, au centre 6 de l'embossage, les fibres ont tendance à se déposer selon une épaisseur plus importante que sur les bords 4 et 5. Du fait que l'opacité d'une feuille est fonction de son épaisseur, on obtient un filigrane qui a des bords dont l'opacité est faible et un centre dont l'opacité est très voisine de celle du reste de la feuille.There is shown in Figure 1 an embossed canvas 1, in section, which therefore has a relief 2. This canvas is according to the well-known technique of watermarking, consisting of a metal grid with large meshes on which an aqueous dispersion of fibers, for example cellulose fibers, possibly with synthetic fibers and other additives commonly used in stationery. The water in the dispersion drips according to arrow F1 by gravity or by suction. It then forms a wet sheet 3 made of fibers. The fibers are deposited very little on the edges 4 and 5 of the embossing in relief. On the other hand, in the center 6 of the embossing, the fibers tend to deposit at a greater thickness than on the edges 4 and 5. Because the opacity of a sheet is a function of its thickness, a watermark which has edges whose opacity is low and a center whose opacity is very close to that of the rest of the sheet.

On voit donc le filigrane comme un dessin à bords clairs et à centre plus foncé. En outre, si la surface de l'embossage et donc du filigrane désiré est supérieure à 0,4 cm², il n'y a que très peu de modification de l'opacité par rapport au reste de la feuille.We therefore see the watermark as a drawing with light edges and a darker center. In addition, if the surface of the embossing and therefore of the desired watermark is greater than 0.4 cm², there is very little change in the opacity with respect to the rest of the sheet.

Pour obtenir selon l'invention un papier comportant une zone ayant une épaisseur réduite par rapport à l'épaisseur du reste de la feuille et la zone ayant une superficie de plus de 0,4 cm², on fabrique ce papier de la manière suivante : On fabrique une feuille de papier en formant une suspension aqueuse contenant au moins des fibres cellulosiques et éventuellement d'autres fibres, des liants ou d'autres additifs. On forme la feuille à l'aide d'une forme ronde. On associe à la forme ronde ou à la toile filigraneuse des pièces flexibles de façon que l'égouttage de l'eau lors de la formation de la feuille se fasse au niveau des pièces flexibles. On peut aussi former la feuille sur une table plate et on associe les pièces flexibles à un rouleau filigraneur. On sèche ensuite la feuille.To obtain according to the invention a paper comprising an area having a thickness reduced compared to the thickness of the rest of the sheet and the area having an area of more than 0.4 cm², this paper is produced in the following manner: manufactures a sheet of paper by forming an aqueous suspension containing at least cellulosic fibers and possibly other fibers, binders or other additives. The sheet is formed using a round shape. Flexible pieces are associated with the round shape or with the watermarked fabric so that the drainage of water during the formation of the sheet takes place at the level of the flexible pieces. The sheet can also be formed on a flat table and the flexible parts are combined with a watermark roll. The sheet is then dried.

Du fait que l'égouttage de l'eau n'est pas empêché au niveau des pièces flexibles, les contraintes exercées sur la feuille de papier ne sont pas suffisantes pour amorcer des points de rupture et la feuille ne se troue pas.Since the drainage of water is not prevented at the level of the flexible parts, the stresses exerted on the sheet of paper are not sufficient to initiate breaking points and the sheet is not perforated.

Sur la figure 2 on a représenté un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention. On utilise des pièces flexibles qui sont des pastilles 7 comportant des parties pleines 8 et des parties vides 9, la surface des parties vides étant inférieure à 80 %, de préférence inférieure à 50 %, ou égale à la surface des parties pleines. De préférence, on associe les pastilles à la toile du rouleau filigraneur. Les pastilles peuvent être des pastilles en matière synthétique, mais selon un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, les pastilles sont métalliques et sont obtenues par galvanoplastie.In Figure 2 there is shown a first embodiment of the invention. Flexible parts are used which are pellets 7 comprising solid parts 8 and empty parts 9, the surface of the empty parts being less than 80%, preferably less than 50%, or equal to the surface of the solid parts. Preferably, the pellets are associated with the canvas of the watermark roll. The pellets can be synthetic pellets, but according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the pellets are metallic and are obtained by electroplating.

Sur les figures 2 a, 2 b, 2 c et 2 d, on a représenté des pastilles ovales, vues de dessus. Mais elles peuvent avoir n'importe quelle forme et leur forme sera reportée de façon légèrement déformée, sur le papier pour donner le filigrane. Sur les figures 2 a et 2 b les pastilles comportent des parties pleines 8 rectilignes alternées avec des parties vides 9 rectilignes, ces parties pleines 8 et vides 9 étant parallèles au diamètre de la pastille.In Figures 2 a , 2 b , 2 c and 2 d , there are shown oval pellets, viewed from above. But they can have any shape and their shape will be transferred slightly distorted, on the paper to give the watermark. In FIGS. 2 a and 2 b the pellets comprise solid straight portions 8 alternated with empty straight portions 9, these solid portions 8 and empty 9 being parallel to the diameter of the patch.

Comme on peut le voir, les parties pleines 8 ont une épaisseur égale à l'épaisseur des parties creuses 9.As can be seen, the solid parts 8 have a thickness equal to the thickness of the hollow parts 9.

Sur la figure 2 c on a représenté une pastille qui comporte des parties vides 10 sensiblement circulaires, équidistantes et alignées selon deux diamètres perpendiculaires de la pastille. Les parties pleines 11 sont sensiblement rectilignes.FIG. 2 c shows a patch which has empty parts 10 which are substantially circular, equidistant and aligned along two perpendicular diameters of the patch. The solid parts 11 are substantially rectilinear.

Sur la figure 2 d on a représenté une pastille dont les parties vides 12 ont une forme sensiblement ovale.In Figure 2 d is shown a pellet whose empty parts 12 have a substantially oval shape.

Lorsque le papier est terminé, il présente à l'endroit où les fibres se sont déposées, une zone dont l'opacité est plus faible que l'opacité du reste du papier. Cette opacité est une opacité moyenne, car aux endroits correspondant aux parties pleines 8 ou 10, les fibres se sont moins déposées en quantité que sur les parties creuses 9 ou 11. Cependant, si on imprime sur une face du papier et sur la zone, on peut voir par transparence l'impression en regardant l'autre face. De plus, le papier terminé ne comporte pas de trou du fait que l'eau a pu s'égoutter à travers les parties vides, lors de la fabrication de la feuille.When the paper is finished, it has an area where the fibers are deposited, an area whose opacity is lower than the opacity of the rest of the paper. This opacity is a medium opacity, because at the places corresponding to the solid parts 8 or 10, the fibers are less deposited in quantity than on the hollow parts 9 or 11. However, if we print on one side of the paper and on the area, you can see the impression transparently by looking at the other side. In addition, the finished paper does not have a hole because the water could drip through the empty parts, during the manufacture of the sheet.

La figure 3 représente un second mode de réalisation de l'invention. On utilise des pièces flexibles qui sont des pastilles pleines 13, ces pastilles étant introduites entre la toile filigraneuse 14 et la ou les sous toiles 15 et 16. Lors de la fabrication du papier, les fibres viennent se déposer sur la toile filigraneuse 14 et l'eau s'égoutte selon la flèche F2. Le long des bords 17 et 18 de la pastille 13, l'eau peut s'égoutter et on ne fait pas de trou dans le papier. De plus, les fibres se déposent à l'endroit de la pastille de façon que l'épaisseur du papier soit uniforme. A l'endroit où les fibres se sont déposées sur la pastille, l'épaisseur des fibres est inférieure à l'épaisseur du reste du papier.FIG. 3 represents a second embodiment of the invention. Flexible parts are used which are solid pellets 13, these pellets being introduced between the watermarked fabric 14 and the under fabric (s) 15 and 16. During the production of the paper, the fibers are deposited on the watermarked fabric 14 and l water drips according to arrow F2. Along the edges 17 and 18 of the tablet 13, the water can drip and there is no hole in the paper. In addition, the fibers are deposited at the location of the pellet so that the thickness of the paper is uniform. Where the fibers are deposited on the pad, the thickness of the fibers is less than the thickness of the rest of the paper.

La figure 4 montre une pièce flexible 18 introduite entre une toile filigraneuse embossée 19 et une sous toile 20. La pièce flexible est par exemple une pièce rectangulaire, de préférence métallique, ayant selon un mode de réalisation une épaisseur de 1 mm. La toile filigraneuse est embossée selon une profondeur légèrement supérieure à l'épaisseur de la pièce, par exemple 1,2 mm. L'embossage est réalisé de façon que la toile 19 épouse parfaitement les contours de la pièce 18. Cette toile 19 ne comporte donc pas de pics 21, 22 comme représenté sur la figure 3. Le fait qu'il n'existe pas de pic évite que le filigrane obtenu comporte un périmètre plus sombre par rapport à l'intérieur de ce filigrane. La sous toile 20 n'est pas embossée et est disposée directement sur la toile 19 et la pièce 18.FIG. 4 shows a flexible piece 18 introduced between an embossed watermarked fabric 19 and an under canvas 20. The flexible piece is for example a rectangular piece, preferably metallic, having, according to one embodiment, a thickness of 1 mm. The watermarked fabric is embossed at a depth slightly greater than the thickness of the part, for example 1.2 mm. The embossing is carried out so that the fabric 19 perfectly matches the contours of the part 18. This fabric 19 therefore does not include peaks 21, 22 as shown in FIG. 3. The fact that there is no peak prevents the watermark obtained from having a darker perimeter relative to the interior of this watermark. The sub-fabric 20 is not embossed and is placed directly on the fabric 19 and the part 18.

De préférence, la surface de la pièce 18 est supérieure à 0,4 cm², par exemple la longueur de la pièce est de 3 cm et sa largeur de 1 cm.Preferably, the surface of the piece 18 is greater than 0.4 cm², for example the length of the piece is 3 cm and its width of 1 cm.

La figure 5 montre une pièce flexible 23 dont les bords 24, 25 sont chanfreinés. La toile filigraneuse 26 est embossée de façon à épouser les bords 24, 25 de la pièce 23.FIG. 5 shows a flexible part 23 whose edges 24, 25 are chamfered. The watermarked fabric 26 is embossed so as to match the edges 24, 25 of the part 23.

Sur la figure 6 on a représenté un papier de sécurité, de préférence un papier pour chèques, obtenu selon le procédé selon l'invention. Ce papier de sécurité 27 comporte au moins une zone 28 dont l'épaisseur est inférieure d'au maximum de 40 % de l'épaisseur du reste de la feuille. Ainsi, si on écrit sur la zone 28, le montant du chèque, au cas où un contrefacteur tenterait de gratter cette zone 28, il transpercera le papier de sécurité. De préférence, la zone 28 a une épaisseur inférieure de 30 % à l'épaisseur du reste de la feuille.FIG. 6 shows a security paper, preferably a paper for checks, obtained according to the method according to the invention. This security paper 27 comprises at least one zone 28 whose thickness is less than a maximum of 40% of the thickness of the rest of the sheet. Thus, if one writes on zone 28, the amount of the check, in case a counterfeiter tries to scratch this zone 28, he will pierce the security paper. Preferably, the zone 28 has a thickness 30% less than the thickness of the rest of the sheet.

EXEMPLE 1EXAMPLE 1

On réalise par galvanoplastie une pastille du genre de celle représentée sur la figure 1a qui comporte des parties pleines de 0,6 mm de largeur et des parties vides de 0,6 mm. On solidarise cette pastille sur un rouleau filigraneur et on fabrique un papier à l'aide de fibres de cellulose et autres produits. On mesure l'épaisseur et l'opacité du papier à l'endroit où se trouvait la pastille et dans le reste du papier.A pellet of the kind shown in FIG. 1 a is produced by electroplating, which has solid parts 0.6 mm wide and empty parts 0.6 mm. This pellet is joined together on a watermark roll and a paper is made using cellulose fibers and other products. The thickness and the opacity of the paper are measured at the place where the tablet was and in the rest of the paper.

EXEMPLE 2EXAMPLE 2

On réalise une pastille comme dans l'exemple 1, mais les parties pleines et les parties vides ont 0,1 mm de largeur. On fabrique un papier et on fait les mêmes mesures que dans l'exemple 1.A tablet is produced as in Example 1, but the solid parts and the empty parts are 0.1 mm wide. We make a paper and we make the same measurements as in Example 1.

EXEMPLE 3EXAMPLE 3

On réalise une pastille comme celle de la figure 2 c avec des parties vides dont la superficie est supérieure à celle des parties pleines. On fabrique du papier et on effectue les mêmes mesures que dans l'exemple 1.We make a patch like that of Figure 2 c with empty parts whose area is greater than that of the solid parts. Paper is made and the same measurements are made as in Example 1.

EXEMPLE 4EXAMPLE 4

On réalise une pastille comme celle de l'exemple 1, mais les parties vides ont une superficie inférieure à celle des parties pleines. On fabrique du papier et on effectue les mêmes mesures que dans l'exemple 1.A pellet is made like that of Example 1, but the empty parts have a smaller area than that of the solid parts. Paper is made and the same measurements are made as in Example 1.

EXEMPLE 5EXAMPLE 5

On réalise une pastille comme celle de l'exemple 2 c, mais les parties vides ont une superficie inférieure à celle des parties pleines. On fabrique du papier et on effectue les mêmes mesures que dans l'exemple 1.A tablet like that of Example 2c is produced , but the empty parts have a smaller area than that of the solid parts. Paper is made and the same measurements are made as in Example 1.

On obtient les résultats suivants: papier exemple 1 ex. 2 ex. 3 ex. 4 ex. 5 Epaisseur (microns) 135 116 126 135 118 120 Opacité 91,7 84,9 89,4 91,2 83,5 87,2 The following results are obtained: paper example 1 ex. 2 ex. 3 ex. 4 ex. 5 Thickness (microns) 135 116 126 135 118 120 Opacity 91.7 84.9 89.4 91.2 83.5 87.2

On voit que pour les exemples 2 et 3 on n'obtient pas une opacité suffisamment réduite par rapport à celle du papier.We see that for Examples 2 and 3 we do not obtain a sufficiently reduced opacity compared to that of the paper.

EXEMPLES 6 ET 7EXAMPLES 6 AND 7

On utilise une pièce flexible d'épaisseur 1 mm et on embosse la toile filigraneuse de 1,2 mm. On associe la pièce entre la toile filigraneuse et la sous toile comme représenté sur la figure 4. On fabrique un papier ayant un poids par cm² de 83 g/cm² ou de 92 g/cm². On mesure les opacités FMY et EEL selon les normes AFNOR n° Q03-006, Q03-038, Q03-039, Q03-040 du papier et du filigrane obtenu. on mesure aussi l'épaisseur en microns du papier et du filigrane. On obtient les résultats suivants : grammage papier g/m² opacité FMX différence d'opacité en % opacité EEL différence d'opacité en % épaisseur microns différence d'épaisseur en % papier filigrane papier filigrane papier filigrane 83 85,9 77,7 -8,3 80,2 63,6 -16,5 105,5 78,4 -27,2 92 89 81,5 -7,5 84,3 68,7 -15,6 117,4 91 -26,4 A flexible piece 1 mm thick is used and the 1.2 mm watermarked canvas is embossed. The part is associated between the watermarked canvas and the under canvas as shown in FIG. 4. A paper having a weight per cm² of 83 g / cm² or 92 g / cm² is produced. The opacities FMY and EEL are measured according to AFNOR standards No. Q03-006, Q03-038, Q03-039, Q03-040 of the paper and of the watermark obtained. the thickness in microns of the paper and the watermark is also measured. The following results are obtained: paper weight g / m² FMX opacity difference in opacity in% EEL opacity difference in opacity in% thickness microns thickness difference in% paper watermark paper watermark paper watermark 83 85.9 77.7 -8.3 80.2 63.6 -16.5 105.5 78.4 -27.2 92 89 81.5 -7.5 84.3 68.7 -15.6 117.4 91 -26.4

On voit donc que l'épaisseur des zones est inférieure de environ 27 % par rapport à l'épaisseur du reste de la feuille et que l'opacité des zones est inférieure de environ 8 à 16 % par rapport à l'opacité du reste de la feuille.It can therefore be seen that the thickness of the zones is approximately 27% less than the thickness of the rest of the sheet and that the opacity of the zones is approximately 8 to 16% less than the opacity of the remainder of leaf.

Claims (16)

Procédé de fabrication d'une feuille de papier comportant au moins une zone ayant une épaisseur réduite par rapport à l'épaisseur du reste de la feuille, et ayant une superficie d'au moins 0,4 cm², en disposant sur une toile, embossée ou non, éventuellement disposée sur une forme ronde, une dispersion aqueuse contenant au moins des fibres cellulosiques, en égouttant l'eau pour former la feuille, en présence ou non d'un rouleau filigraneur, puis en séchant, caractérisé par le fait qu'on utilise des pièces flexibles que l'on associe à la toile filigraneuse, au rouleau filigraneur ou à la forme ronde, de façon que l'égouttage de l'eau lors de la formation de la feuille dans les zones des pièces flexibles soit diminué par rapport à l'égouttage de l'eau dans les zones ne comportant pas de pièces flexibles.Method for manufacturing a sheet of paper comprising at least one zone having a thickness reduced compared to the thickness of the rest of the sheet, and having an area of at least 0.4 cm², by placing on a canvas, embossed or not, optionally arranged on a round form, an aqueous dispersion containing at least cellulosic fibers, by draining the water to form the sheet, in the presence or not of a watermarking roll, then by drying, characterized in that flexible parts are used which are combined with the watermarked canvas, the watermark roller or the round shape, so that the dripping of water during the formation of the sheet in the areas of the flexible parts is reduced by relative to water dripping in areas with no flexible parts. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que la zone a une épaisseur inférieure jusqu'à 40 % de l'épaisseur du reste de la feuille.Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the zone has a thickness less than 40% of the thickness of the rest of the sheet. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que la zone a une opacité moyenne inférieure jusqu'à 40 % de l'opacité du reste de la feuille.Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the zone has an average opacity less than 40% of the opacity of the rest of the sheet. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait que la zone a une épaisseur inférieure de environ 30 % à l'épaisseur du reste de la feuille.Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the zone has a thickness which is approximately 30% less than the thickness of the rest of the sheet. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que les pièces flexibles sont pleines.Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the flexible parts are full. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que les pièces flexibles sont rectangulaires.Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the flexible parts are rectangular. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1, 3, 5 et 6, caractérisé par le fait que les pièces flexibles comportent des parties pleines et des parties vides.Method according to one of claims 1, 3, 5 and 6, characterized in that the flexible parts have solid parts and empty parts. Procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé par le fait que les pièces flexibles comportent des parties pleines et des parties vides, la surface des parties vides étant inférieure à 80 %, de préférence inférieure à 50 %, ou égale à la surface des parties pleines.A method according to claim 7, characterized in that the flexible parts include solid parts and empty parts, the surface of the empty parts being less than 80%, preferably less than 50%, or equal to the surface of the solid parts. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que les pièces flexibles sont des pastilles ovales pour obtenir une zone circulaire.Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the flexible parts are oval pads to obtain a circular area. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que les pastilles comportent des parties pleines alternées avec des parties vides, ces parties pleines et vides étant parallèles au diamètre de la pastille.Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pellets have solid parts alternated with empty parts, these solid and empty parts being parallel to the diameter of the pellet. Procédé selon la revendication 10, caractérisé par le fait que les parties pleines ont une épaisseur égale à l'épaisseur des parties creuses.Method according to Claim 10, characterized in that the solid parts have a thickness equal to the thickness of the hollow parts. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que les pastilles comportent des parties vides sensiblement circulaires, équidistantes et alignées selon deux diamètres perpendiculaires de la pastille.Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pellets have substantially circular empty parts, equidistant and aligned according to two perpendicular diameters of the patch. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que les pièces flexibles sont associées à la toile du rouleau filigraneur.Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the flexible parts are associated with the canvas of the watermark roll. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que les pièces flexibles sont introduites entre la toile filigraneuse et la ou les sous toiles.Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the flexible parts are introduced between the watermarked fabric and the one or more sub-fabrics. Feuille obtenue par le procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes.Sheet obtained by the process according to any one of the preceding claims. Application d'une feuille selon la revendication 15, à un papier de sécurité, la zone d'épaisseur réduite par rapport à l'épaisseur du reste de la feuille constituant une protection de mentions manuscrites portées sur le papier.Application of a sheet according to claim 15, to a security paper, the zone of reduced thickness with respect to the thickness of the rest of the sheet constituting a protection of handwritten indications carried on the paper.
EP92403096A 1991-12-09 1992-11-18 Method of manufacturing paper comprising reduced thickness and transparently in local zones and the paper obtained therefrom Withdrawn EP0549384A1 (en)

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FR9115229A FR2684698B1 (en) 1991-12-09 1991-12-09 PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF A PRODUCT COMPRISING LOCALIZED AREAS OF REDUCED OPACITY AND THE PAPER THUS OBTAINED.
FR9115229 1991-12-09

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WO1994020679A1 (en) * 1993-03-02 1994-09-15 Arjo Wiggins S.A. Security paper comprising localised areas with reduced thickness and opacity, and method for making same
EP0773320A1 (en) 1995-11-10 1997-05-14 Arjo Wiggins S.A. Security sheet having a roughly constant thickness
GB2306178B (en) * 1994-08-24 1998-04-29 Arjo Wiggins Sa Method for making security-type paper comprising localized zones of low opacity and paper obtained in this way
WO2002038863A2 (en) * 2000-11-10 2002-05-16 Banque De France Method for producing a security document
US6991846B2 (en) 2000-02-01 2006-01-31 Arjowiggins Security Paper including a multitone-effect watermark, and a wire for manufacturing the paper
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FR2904834A1 (en) * 2006-08-08 2008-02-15 Arjowiggins Security Soc Par A Producing fibrous jet with element of specific thickness, for use in security sheets or documents, is carried out on papermaking machine forming cloth with reduced dripping tendency region
ES2325568A1 (en) * 2008-03-07 2009-09-08 Fabrica Nacional De Moneda Y Timbre- Real Casa De La Moneda Security paper, production method thereof and security document produced from same
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US8221586B2 (en) * 2006-05-08 2012-07-17 De La Rue International Limited Security substrate comprising watermark
EP2692539A1 (en) 2012-07-31 2014-02-05 Fábrica Nacional De Moneda Y Timbre Laser heat-treated cellulose element, security paper comprising said element, security document comprising said paper and method for embedding a cellulose element in a security paper
CN104611976A (en) * 2015-01-04 2015-05-13 昆山钞票纸业有限公司 Cylinder mould with watermark supporting structure and anti-counterfeiting paper manufactured through same
EP2947202A1 (en) 2014-05-21 2015-11-25 Landqart AG Safety paper with watermark
RU2610397C1 (en) * 2015-12-01 2017-02-09 Акционерное общество "Гознак" (АО "Гознак") Device for production of paper with transparent areas and paper produced using device

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EP0070172A1 (en) * 1981-07-13 1983-01-19 Portals Limited Paper incorporating a partially embedded strip, methods for making paper and security documents
EP0135231A1 (en) * 1983-08-23 1985-03-27 The Procter & Gamble Company Deflection member and method of manufacture thereof
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Cited By (27)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0599675A1 (en) * 1992-11-17 1994-06-01 Arjo Wiggins S.A. Security paper, in particular for use as a passport flyleaf
FR2698108A1 (en) * 1992-11-17 1994-05-20 Arjo Wiggins Sa Security sheet, usable especially as a passport cover page.
US6402888B1 (en) 1993-03-02 2002-06-11 Arjo Wiggins Security paper comprising localized areas with reduced thickness and opacity, and method for making same
WO1994020679A1 (en) * 1993-03-02 1994-09-15 Arjo Wiggins S.A. Security paper comprising localised areas with reduced thickness and opacity, and method for making same
GB2306178B (en) * 1994-08-24 1998-04-29 Arjo Wiggins Sa Method for making security-type paper comprising localized zones of low opacity and paper obtained in this way
EP0773320A1 (en) 1995-11-10 1997-05-14 Arjo Wiggins S.A. Security sheet having a roughly constant thickness
US6991846B2 (en) 2000-02-01 2006-01-31 Arjowiggins Security Paper including a multitone-effect watermark, and a wire for manufacturing the paper
EP1252389B2 (en) † 2000-02-01 2010-03-10 Arjowiggins Security Security paper
EP1122360B1 (en) * 2000-02-01 2007-09-12 Arjo Wiggins Security SAS Paper with multitone watermark and screen for manufacturing the paper
FR2816642A1 (en) * 2000-11-10 2002-05-17 Banque De France Security document, e.g. a banknote, is of an opaque paper where zones of an increased transparency are formed by an ultrasonic sonotrode as a security which can be recognized by the public but cannot be photocopied
WO2002038863A3 (en) * 2000-11-10 2002-08-15 Banque De France Method for producing a security document
WO2002038863A2 (en) * 2000-11-10 2002-05-16 Banque De France Method for producing a security document
CN100360740C (en) * 2005-12-23 2008-01-09 中国印钞造币总公司 Process for making high quantitative watermark anti-forge paper
US8221586B2 (en) * 2006-05-08 2012-07-17 De La Rue International Limited Security substrate comprising watermark
WO2008050008A1 (en) * 2006-08-08 2008-05-02 Arjowiggins Security Process for manufacturing a fibrous ply comprising an element of a given thickness, forming fabric for producing the fibrous ply, method for producing said fabric and security sheet including a fibrous ply comprising an element of a given thickness
FR2904834A1 (en) * 2006-08-08 2008-02-15 Arjowiggins Security Soc Par A Producing fibrous jet with element of specific thickness, for use in security sheets or documents, is carried out on papermaking machine forming cloth with reduced dripping tendency region
KR101530977B1 (en) * 2008-03-07 2015-06-22 파브리카 나씨오날 데 모네다 이 띰브레-레알 까사 데 라 모네다 Security paper, production method thereof and security document produced from same
WO2009109682A1 (en) 2008-03-07 2009-09-11 Fabrica Nacional De Moneda Y Timbre - Real Casa De La Moneda Security paper, production method thereof and security document produced from same
ES2325568A1 (en) * 2008-03-07 2009-09-08 Fabrica Nacional De Moneda Y Timbre- Real Casa De La Moneda Security paper, production method thereof and security document produced from same
CN102016175B (en) * 2008-03-07 2013-03-27 国家造币印钞厂-皇家造币厂 Security paper, manufacturing method and security document obtained with said paper
US8512518B2 (en) 2008-03-07 2013-08-20 Fabrica Nacional De Moneda Y Timbre-Real Casa De La Moneda Security paper, manufacturing method and security document obtained with said paper
RU2494185C2 (en) * 2008-03-07 2013-09-27 Фабрика Насьональ Де Монеда И Тимбре-Реаль Каса Де Ла Монеда Security paper, and method of its manufacturing and fraud resistant document obtained using above mentioned paper
EP2202354A1 (en) * 2008-12-22 2010-06-30 Banque De France Method of manufacturing a fibrous web with a window
EP2692539A1 (en) 2012-07-31 2014-02-05 Fábrica Nacional De Moneda Y Timbre Laser heat-treated cellulose element, security paper comprising said element, security document comprising said paper and method for embedding a cellulose element in a security paper
EP2947202A1 (en) 2014-05-21 2015-11-25 Landqart AG Safety paper with watermark
CN104611976A (en) * 2015-01-04 2015-05-13 昆山钞票纸业有限公司 Cylinder mould with watermark supporting structure and anti-counterfeiting paper manufactured through same
RU2610397C1 (en) * 2015-12-01 2017-02-09 Акционерное общество "Гознак" (АО "Гознак") Device for production of paper with transparent areas and paper produced using device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SI9200372A (en) 1993-06-30
FR2684698B1 (en) 1994-01-21
FR2684698A1 (en) 1993-06-11

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