EP0538115A1 - Cover for manhole or the like - Google Patents

Cover for manhole or the like Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0538115A1
EP0538115A1 EP92402795A EP92402795A EP0538115A1 EP 0538115 A1 EP0538115 A1 EP 0538115A1 EP 92402795 A EP92402795 A EP 92402795A EP 92402795 A EP92402795 A EP 92402795A EP 0538115 A1 EP0538115 A1 EP 0538115A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
frame
counter
pad
manhole
helical ramp
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP92402795A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Robert Jean Denis Moreau
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
A3C METAL
Original Assignee
A3C METAL
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by A3C METAL filed Critical A3C METAL
Publication of EP0538115A1 publication Critical patent/EP0538115A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/12—Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor
    • E02D29/14—Covers for manholes or the like; Frames for covers
    • E02D29/1427—Locking devices

Definitions

  • the present invention essentially relates to a manhole for pavement, sidewalk or other work.
  • Manholes have been known for a long time already comprising, in general, a circular frame which can be incorporated into the roadway and which can be closed by a cover or pad which is also circular.
  • These three support zones can be arranged on the frame and on the pad in such a way that they each constitute a helical ramp with which counter-stops can be associated.
  • the establishment of the buffer on the frame is carried out in the manner of a screwing until the counter-stops on the buffer come into blocking contact with the counter-stops on the frame.
  • the buffer has a relatively good stability once mounted on the frame, it is very difficult to extract it from the frame to open the eye. This is due to the fact that jamming by blocking the buffer in the frame obliges the operator to firstly perform an action to release the buffer, then an action to unscrew this buffer, which is particularly restrictive and painful because significant efforts to be made.
  • the object of the present invention is to remedy the above drawbacks in particular by proposing a manhole with buffer and frame which not only remains perfectly stable during a force exerted on the surface of the buffer in any place, but which poses no problem. nor any difficulty in extracting the pad from the frame, and this thanks to a special organization and configuration of the three bearing zones on the pad and on the frame.
  • the subject of the invention is a manhole cover for a floor or the like of a type comprising a circular frame which can be incorporated into the floor and which can be closed by a cover or pad also circular, the frame and the pad each being provided with three zones of 'support arranged substantially at 120 ° from each other, these three support zones constituting a helical ramp with which may be associated against stops, characterized in that one of the three support zones is constituted only a helical ramp, while each of the two other support zones comprises a helical ramp and an associated counter-stop located on the side of the support zone forming a single helical ramp, the two counter-stops having active faces tilted in opposite directions.
  • the right of intersection of the two planes respectively constituting the two active faces inclined in opposite directions of the two abovementioned counter-stops is substantially perpendicular to the perpendicular bisector of the triangle formed by the three support zones and starting from the support zone forming a single helical ramp .
  • the buffer and the frame comprise a relative positioning mark constituted for example by a lug and a notch cooperating with this lug, said lug and said notch being preferably located at the level of the support forming a single helical ramp.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of the frame and the buffer before mounting and forming the manhole according to this invention.
  • Figure 2 is a top plan view of the manhole, the pad being mounted in its frame.
  • Figure 3 is a sectional view along line III-III of Figure 2.
  • Figures 4, 5, 6 and 7 are sectional views respectively along lines IV-IV, VV, VI-VI, and VII-VII of Figure 2.
  • Figure 8 is a partial plan view of the manhole, similar to Figure 1, but showing an exemplary embodiment of the tracking system to facilitate mounting of the pad in its frame.
  • FIGS. 1 to 7 we see a manhole made up, as well known per se, of a circular frame 1 intended to be sealed in the roadway for example and capable of being closed by a removable pad 2.
  • the frame 1 comprises a sole 3 in the shape of a circular crown and which includes lights, holes or the like (not shown) for sealing the frame using bolts for example, or else which includes sealing tabs (not shown) to improve the connection of frame 1 to the edge of the hole in the roadway or other structure to receive said frame.
  • the crown 3 is surmounted by a cylindrical envelope 4 arranged concentrically and perpendicular to the crown 3, while being connected to the latter by reinforcing gussets 3a for example.
  • These three support zones each have a surface 5, 6, 7 respectively, forming a helical ramp.
  • the pad 2 carries on its underside three support zones Z′1, Z′2, Z′3 also arranged at 120 ° one on the other and forming the three vertices of the equilateral triangle T. These three support zones each have a surface 5a, 6a, 7a respectively in the form of a descending helical ramp.
  • the ramps 5a, 6a and 7a of the buffer 2 will cooperate respectively with the ramps 5, 6 and 7 in a descending helix of the frame 1, and this with rotation, at the like a screwing, buffer 2 in frame 1.
  • the support zones Z1 and Z′1 of the frame and of the buffer respectively only consist of a helical ramp 5, 5a, as it is clearly shown in FIG. 1.
  • the support zones Z2, Z3 of the circular frame 1, and Z′2, Z′3 of the buffer 2 they each have a support surface forming a helical ramp 6, 7 and 6a, 7a, to which is associated a counter-stop whose situation and orientation on the frame 1 and on the pad 2 are particular, as will be explained below.
  • the frame 1 comprises two counter-stops, namely a counter-stop 8 associated with the helical ramp 6, and a counter-stop 9 associated with the helical ramp 7, these two counter-stops comprising active faces 10, 11 respectively are inclined in opposite directions, as can be seen in FIG. 1.
  • the pad 2 has two counter-stops, namely a counter-stop 8a associated with the helical ramp 6a and a counter-stop 9a associated with the helical ramp 7a, these two counter-stops respectively having faces assets 10a, 11a which are inclined in opposite directions, as can still be seen clearly in FIG. 1 in particular.
  • the counter-stops 8, 9 on the frame 1 are respectively located on the side of the support zone Z1, that is to say between the zone Z1 and the helical ramp 6 for the counter-stop 8, and between the support zone Z1 and the helical ramp 7 for the counter-stop 9. It is the same for the corresponding counter-stops 8a and 9a of the buffer 2 which are both located on the side of the support zone Z′1, that is to say between this zone and the helical ramps 6a and 7a.
  • the straight line YY ′ materializing the intersection of the two planes respectively constituting the two active faces inclined in opposite directions 10, 11 (frame 1), and 10a, 11a (buffer 2) of the counter -stops 8-9, and 8a-9a is perpendicular to the perpendicular bisector M ( Figure 2) of the fictitious equilateral triangle T, starting from the support zone Z1, Z′1 formed by a single helical ramp 5, 5a.
  • Figure 2 the 90 ° angle formed by the line Y-Y ′ with the perpendicular bisector M.
  • the line YY ′ mentioned above passes through the center O of the gaze.
  • angle of the inclined active faces 10, 11 relative to the crown 3 of the frame 1, and the angle of the inclined active faces 10a, 11a relative to the plane of the pad 2 may be close to 25 °.
  • the slope of the helical ramps 5, 6, 7 of the frame 1 and the corresponding slope of the ramps 5a, 6a, 7a of the pad 2 will be defined according to the weight of the pad, so that, under the effect of its own weight, the buffer can develop sufficient forces to ensure contact between the active faces 10a, 11a against the corresponding ones 10 and 11 of the frame 1.
  • a lug or the like 12 capable of cooperating with a notch or the like 13 formed in the frame 1.
  • L lug 12 and the notch 13 constitute a positioning mark of the buffer 2 on the frame 1, this mark preferably being located at the level of the support zone Z1, Z′1 constituted by a single helical ramp 5, 5a on the frame and on the stamp.
  • angle of inclination of the counter-stops can be variable, just as the means for locating the positioning of the pad on the frame can be arbitrary. It is also possible to provide between frame and buffer a means facilitating the centering of the buffer, as shown at 14 in Figure 6.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)
  • Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a manhole for a roadway or other construction. This manhole comprises a frame (1) and a cover (2) each comprising three bearing zones (Z1, Z2, Z3, Z'1, Z'2, Z'3) arranged substantially at 120 DEG to each other and forming the apexes of an equilateral triangle, one (Z1, Z'1) of the three bearing zones consisting solely of a surface (5, 5a) forming a helical incline, whereas each of the other bearing zones comprises a helical incline (6, 7, 6a, 7a) and an associated counter-stop (8, 9, 8a, 9a) located on the side of the bearing zone (Z1, Z'1) forming a single helical incline, the two counter-stops (8a, 9a, and 8, 9) of the cover (2) and of the frame (1) comprising active faces inclined in opposite directions (10, 11, 10a, 11a). Such a manhole can be installed in a road or a pavement for example and can be opened without particular difficulty while exhibiting excellent stability when run over by heavy loads. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention a essentiellement pour objet un regard pour chaussée, trottoir ou autre ouvrage.The present invention essentially relates to a manhole for pavement, sidewalk or other work.

On connaît depuis longtemps déjà des regards comprenant, d'une manière générale, un cadre circulaire qui peut être incorporé à la chaussée et qui est obturable par un couvercle ou tampon également circulaire.Manholes have been known for a long time already comprising, in general, a circular frame which can be incorporated into the roadway and which can be closed by a cover or pad which is also circular.

Il est également connu de munir le cadre et le tampon de trois zones ou surfaces d'appui coopérantes disposées sensiblement à 120° l'une de l'autre, c'est-à-dire constituant les trois sommets d'un triangle équilatéral.It is also known to provide the frame and the buffer with three cooperating support zones or surfaces arranged substantially at 120 ° from one another, that is to say constituting the three vertices of an equilateral triangle.

Ces trois zones d'appui peuvent être aménagées sur le cadre et sur le tampon de telle manière qu'elles constituent chacune une rampe hélicoïdale à laquelle peuvent être associées des contre-butées. Ainsi, la mise en place du tampon sur le cadre s'effectue à la manière d'un vissage jusqu'à ce que les contre-butées sur le tampon viennent en contact de blocage avec les contre-butées sur le cadre.These three support zones can be arranged on the frame and on the pad in such a way that they each constitute a helical ramp with which counter-stops can be associated. Thus, the establishment of the buffer on the frame is carried out in the manner of a screwing until the counter-stops on the buffer come into blocking contact with the counter-stops on the frame.

Mais un tel agencement n'est pas sans présenter un certain nombre d'inconvénients.However, such an arrangement is not without presenting a certain number of drawbacks.

En effet, bien que le tampon présente une relativement bonne stabilité une fois monté sur le cadre, il est très difficile de l'extraire du cadre pour ouvrir le regard. Ceci est dû au fait que le coincement par blocage du tampon dans le cadre oblige l'opérateur à effectuer tout d'abord une action de déblocage du tampon, puis une action de dévissage de ce tampon, ce qui est particulièrement contraignant et pénible en raison des efforts importants à fournir.Indeed, although the buffer has a relatively good stability once mounted on the frame, it is very difficult to extract it from the frame to open the eye. This is due to the fact that jamming by blocking the buffer in the frame obliges the operator to firstly perform an action to release the buffer, then an action to unscrew this buffer, which is particularly restrictive and painful because significant efforts to be made.

Les inconvénients ci-dessus proviennent du fait que les trois zones d'appui, tant sur le tampon que sur le cadre, et constituées chacune d'une rampe hélicoïdale et d'une contre-butée associée, sont conjugées, de sorte qu'au montage du tampon sur le cadre, ces zones d'appui s'encastrent et se coincent les unes dans les autres après montage ou vissage du tampon dans le cadre, lequel montage procure d'ailleurs un enfoncement vertical important du tampon dans le cadre.The above disadvantages arise from the fact that three bearing zones, both on the pad and on the frame, and each consisting of a helical ramp and an associated counter-stop, are combined, so that when the pad is mounted on the frame, these zones 'support fit and get stuck in each other after mounting or screwing the pad in the frame, which mounting also provides a significant vertical depression of the pad in the frame.

La présente invention a pour but de remédier notamment aux inconvénients ci-dessus en proposant un regard avec tampon et cadre qui non seulement demeure parfaitement stable lors d'un effort exercé sur la surface du tampon en un endroit quelconque, mais qui ne pose aucun problème ni aucune difficulté pour extraire le tampon du cadre, et cela grâce à une organisation et une configuration spéciales des trois zones d'appui sur le tampon et sur le cadre.The object of the present invention is to remedy the above drawbacks in particular by proposing a manhole with buffer and frame which not only remains perfectly stable during a force exerted on the surface of the buffer in any place, but which poses no problem. nor any difficulty in extracting the pad from the frame, and this thanks to a special organization and configuration of the three bearing zones on the pad and on the frame.

A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un regard pour chaussée ou analogue du type comprenant un cadre circulaire pouvant être incorporé à la chaussée et obturable par un couvercle ou tampon également circulaire, le cadre et le tampon étant munis chacun de trois zones d'appui disposées sensiblement à 120° l'une de l'autre, ces trois zones d'appui constituant une rampe hélicoïdale à laquelle peuvent être associées des contre-butées, caractérisé en ce que l'une des trois zones d'appui est constituée uniquement d'une rampe hélicoïdale, tandis que chacune des deux autres zones d'appui comporte une rampe hélicoïdale et une contre-butée associées située du côté de la zone d'appui formant rampe hélicoïdale unique, les deux contre-butées comportant des faces actives inclinées en sens opposé.To this end, the subject of the invention is a manhole cover for a floor or the like of a type comprising a circular frame which can be incorporated into the floor and which can be closed by a cover or pad also circular, the frame and the pad each being provided with three zones of 'support arranged substantially at 120 ° from each other, these three support zones constituting a helical ramp with which may be associated against stops, characterized in that one of the three support zones is constituted only a helical ramp, while each of the two other support zones comprises a helical ramp and an associated counter-stop located on the side of the support zone forming a single helical ramp, the two counter-stops having active faces tilted in opposite directions.

Selon une autre caractéristique de ce regard, la droite d'intersection des deux plans constituant respectivement les deux faces actives inclinées en sens opposé des deux contre-butées précitées est sensiblement perpendiculaire à la médiatrice du triangle formée par les trois zones d'appui et partant de la zone d'appui formant rampe hélicoïdale unique.According to another characteristic of this look, the right of intersection of the two planes respectively constituting the two active faces inclined in opposite directions of the two abovementioned counter-stops is substantially perpendicular to the perpendicular bisector of the triangle formed by the three support zones and starting from the support zone forming a single helical ramp .

On précisera encore ici que la droite précitée passe par le centre du regard.It will also be specified here that the aforementioned straight line passes through the center of the gaze.

Selon encore une autre caractéristique de cette invention, le tampon et le cadre comportent un repère de positionnement relatif constitué par exemple par un ergot et une encoche coopérant avec cet ergot, ledit ergot et ladite encoche étant situés de préférence au niveau de la zone d'appui formant rampe hélicoïdale unique.According to yet another characteristic of this invention, the buffer and the frame comprise a relative positioning mark constituted for example by a lug and a notch cooperating with this lug, said lug and said notch being preferably located at the level of the support forming a single helical ramp.

Mais d'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront mieux dans la description détaillée qui suit et se réfère aux dessins annexés, donnés uniquement à titre d'exemple, et dans lesquels :However, other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear better in the detailed description which follows and refers to the appended drawings, given solely by way of example, and in which:

La figure 1 est une vue en perspective du cadre et du tampon avant montage et formant le regard selon cette invention.Figure 1 is a perspective view of the frame and the buffer before mounting and forming the manhole according to this invention.

La figure 2 est une vue en plan et de dessus du regard, le tampon étant monté dans son cadre.Figure 2 is a top plan view of the manhole, the pad being mounted in its frame.

La figure 3 est une vue en coupe suivant la ligne III-III de la figure 2.Figure 3 is a sectional view along line III-III of Figure 2.

Les figures 4, 5, 6 et 7 sont des vues en coupe respectivement suivant les lignes IV-IV, V-V, VI-VI, et VII-VII de la figure 2.Figures 4, 5, 6 and 7 are sectional views respectively along lines IV-IV, VV, VI-VI, and VII-VII of Figure 2.

La figure 8 est une vue partielle et en plan du regard, similaire à la figure 1, mais montrant un exemple de réalisation de système de repérage pour faciliter le montage du tampon dans son cadre.Figure 8 is a partial plan view of the manhole, similar to Figure 1, but showing an exemplary embodiment of the tracking system to facilitate mounting of the pad in its frame.

En se reportant notamment aux figures 1 à 7, on voit un regard constitué, comme bien connu en soi, d'un cadre circulaire 1 destiné à être scellé dans la chaussée par exemple et pouvant être obturé par un tampon amovible 2.Referring in particular to FIGS. 1 to 7, we see a manhole made up, as well known per se, of a circular frame 1 intended to be sealed in the roadway for example and capable of being closed by a removable pad 2.

Le cadre 1 comprend une semelle 3 en forme de couronne circulaire et qui comporte des lumières, des trous ou analogues (non représentés) pour réaliser le scellement du cadre à l'aide de boulons par exemple, ou bien qui comporte des pattes de scellement (non représentées) pour améliorer la liaison du cadre 1 au bord du trou ménagé dans la chaussée ou autre ouvrage pour recevoir ledit cadre.The frame 1 comprises a sole 3 in the shape of a circular crown and which includes lights, holes or the like (not shown) for sealing the frame using bolts for example, or else which includes sealing tabs ( not shown) to improve the connection of frame 1 to the edge of the hole in the roadway or other structure to receive said frame.

La couronne 3 est surmontée par une enveloppe cylindrique 4 disposée concentriquement et perpendiculairement à la couronne 3, en étant reliée à celle-ci par des goussets de renfort 3a par exemple.The crown 3 is surmounted by a cylindrical envelope 4 arranged concentrically and perpendicular to the crown 3, while being connected to the latter by reinforcing gussets 3a for example.

A l'intérieur de l'enveloppe 4 sont prévues trois zones ou surfaces d'appui Z₁, Z₂ et Z₃ disposées sensiblement à 120° l'une de l'autre et formant les trois sommets d'un triangle équilatéral T, comme on le voit bien sur la figure 2.Inside the envelope 4 are provided three support zones or surfaces Z₁, Z₂ and Z₃ arranged substantially at 120 ° from one another and forming the three vertices of an equilateral triangle T, as is see well in Figure 2.

Ces trois zones d'appui comportent chacune et respectivement une surface 5, 6, 7 formant rampe hélicoïdale.These three support zones each have a surface 5, 6, 7 respectively, forming a helical ramp.

Le tampon 2 porte sur sa face inférieure trois zones d'appui Z′₁, Z′₂, Z′₃ elles aussi disposées à 120° l'une de l'autre et formant les trois sommets du triangle équilatéral T. Ces trois zones d'appui comportent chacune respectivement une surface 5a, 6a, 7a en forme de rampe hélicoïdale descendante. Ainsi, lorsqu'on mettra en place le tampon 2 sur le cadre 1, les rampes 5a, 6a et 7a du tampon 2 coopéreront respectivement avec les rampes 5, 6 et 7 en hélice descendante du cadre 1, et cela avec rotation, à la manière d'un vissage, du tampon 2 dans le cadre 1.The pad 2 carries on its underside three support zones Z′₁, Z′₂, Z′₃ also arranged at 120 ° one on the other and forming the three vertices of the equilateral triangle T. These three support zones each have a surface 5a, 6a, 7a respectively in the form of a descending helical ramp. Thus, when the buffer 2 is placed on the frame 1, the ramps 5a, 6a and 7a of the buffer 2 will cooperate respectively with the ramps 5, 6 and 7 in a descending helix of the frame 1, and this with rotation, at the like a screwing, buffer 2 in frame 1.

Conformément à l'invention, les zones d'appui Z₁ et Z′₁ du cadre et du tampon respectivement sont uniquement constituées d'une rampe hélicoïdale 5, 5a, comme il apparaît clairement sur la figure 1.According to the invention, the support zones Z₁ and Z′₁ of the frame and of the buffer respectively only consist of a helical ramp 5, 5a, as it is clearly shown in FIG. 1.

Quant aux zones d'appui Z₂, Z₃ du cadre circulaire 1, et Z′₂, Z′₃ du tampon 2, elles comportent chacune une surface d'appui formant rampe hélicoïdale 6, 7 et 6a, 7a, à laquelle est associée une contre-butée dont la situation et l'orientation sur le cadre 1 et sur le tampon 2 sont particulières, comme on l'expliquera ci-après.As for the support zones Z₂, Z₃ of the circular frame 1, and Z′₂, Z′₃ of the buffer 2, they each have a support surface forming a helical ramp 6, 7 and 6a, 7a, to which is associated a counter-stop whose situation and orientation on the frame 1 and on the pad 2 are particular, as will be explained below.

Le cadre 1 comporte deux contre-butées, à savoir une contre-butée 8 associée à la rampe hélicoïdale 6, et une contre-butée 9 associée à la rampe hélicoïdale 7, ces deux contre-butées comportant des faces actives respectivement 10, 11 qui sont inclinées en sens opposé, comme on le voit bien sur la figure 1.The frame 1 comprises two counter-stops, namely a counter-stop 8 associated with the helical ramp 6, and a counter-stop 9 associated with the helical ramp 7, these two counter-stops comprising active faces 10, 11 respectively are inclined in opposite directions, as can be seen in FIG. 1.

De la même façon, le tampon 2 comporte deux contre-butées, et à savoir une contre-butée 8a associée à la rampe hélicoïdale 6a et une contre-butée 9a associée à la rampe hélicoïdale 7a, ces deux contre-butées comportant respectivement des faces actives 10a, 11a qui sont inclinées en sens opposé, comme on le voit encore bien sur la figure 1 notamment.Similarly, the pad 2 has two counter-stops, namely a counter-stop 8a associated with the helical ramp 6a and a counter-stop 9a associated with the helical ramp 7a, these two counter-stops respectively having faces assets 10a, 11a which are inclined in opposite directions, as can still be seen clearly in FIG. 1 in particular.

Il est important d'observer ici que les contre-butées 8, 9 sur le cadre 1 sont respectivement situées du côté de la zone d'appui Z₁, c'est-à-dire entre la zone Z₁ et la rampe hélicoïdale 6 pour la contre-butée 8, et entre la zone d'appui Z₁ et la rampe hélicoïdale 7 pour la contre-butée 9. Il en est de même pour les contre-butées correspondantes 8a et 9a du tampon 2 qui sont situées toutes deux du côté de la zone d'appui Z′₁ , c'est-à-dire entre cette zone et les rampes hélicoïdales 6a et 7a.It is important to observe here that the counter-stops 8, 9 on the frame 1 are respectively located on the side of the support zone Z₁, that is to say between the zone Z₁ and the helical ramp 6 for the counter-stop 8, and between the support zone Z₁ and the helical ramp 7 for the counter-stop 9. It is the same for the corresponding counter-stops 8a and 9a of the buffer 2 which are both located on the side of the support zone Z′₁, that is to say between this zone and the helical ramps 6a and 7a.

On se trouve donc ici en présence d'un agencement circonférentiel asymétrique des rampes hélicoïdales et des contre-butées tant sur le cadre 1 que sur le tampon 2, ce qui procure de gros avantages, notamment à l'ouverture du regard, contrairement aux systèmes antérieurs utilisant un agencement circonférentiel symétrique de surfaces d'appui coopérantes, comme on le décrira en détail plus loin à propos du fonctionnement.We therefore find ourselves here in the presence of an asymmetrical circumferential arrangement of the helical ramps and counter-stops both on the frame 1 and on the pad 2, which provides great advantages, in particular when opening the manhole, unlike systems. prior art using a symmetrical circumferential arrangement of cooperating bearing surfaces, as will be described in detail later in connection with operation.

On précisera encore ici que, suivant l'invention, la droite Y-Y′ matérialisant l'intersection des deux plans constituant respectivement les deux faces actives inclinées en sens opposé 10, 11 (cadre 1), et 10a, 11a (tampon 2) des contre-butées 8-9, et 8a-9a, est perpendiculaire à la médiatrice M (figure 2) du triangle fictif équilatéral T, partant de la zone d'appui Z₁, Z′₁ formée par une rampe hélicoïdale unique 5, 5a. On a repéré par sur la figure 2 l'angle de 90° que forme la droite Y-Y′ avec la médiatrice M.It will also be specified here that, according to the invention, the straight line YY ′ materializing the intersection of the two planes respectively constituting the two active faces inclined in opposite directions 10, 11 (frame 1), and 10a, 11a (buffer 2) of the counter -stops 8-9, and 8a-9a, is perpendicular to the perpendicular bisector M (Figure 2) of the fictitious equilateral triangle T, starting from the support zone Z₁, Z′₁ formed by a single helical ramp 5, 5a. We have identified in Figure 2 the 90 ° angle formed by the line Y-Y ′ with the perpendicular bisector M.

Il faut ajouter que, suivant l'invention, la droite Y-Y′ précitée passe par le centre O du regard.It should be added that, according to the invention, the line YY ′ mentioned above passes through the center O of the gaze.

Il faut encore préciser que l'angle des faces actives inclinées 10, 11 par rapport à la couronne 3 du cadre 1, et l'angle des faces actives inclinées 10a, 11a par rapport au plan du tampon 2 pourra être voisin de 25°.It should also be specified that the angle of the inclined active faces 10, 11 relative to the crown 3 of the frame 1, and the angle of the inclined active faces 10a, 11a relative to the plane of the pad 2 may be close to 25 °.

Dans cet ordre d'idées, la pente des rampes hélicoïdales 5, 6, 7 du cadre 1 et celle correspondante des rampes 5a, 6a, 7a du tampon 2 sera définie en fonction du poids du tampon, de sorte que, sous l'effet de son propre poids, le tampon pourra développer des efforts suffisants pour assurer le contact des faces actives 10a, 11a contre celles correspondantes 10 et 11 du cadre 1.In this order of ideas, the slope of the helical ramps 5, 6, 7 of the frame 1 and the corresponding slope of the ramps 5a, 6a, 7a of the pad 2 will be defined according to the weight of the pad, so that, under the effect of its own weight, the buffer can develop sufficient forces to ensure contact between the active faces 10a, 11a against the corresponding ones 10 and 11 of the frame 1.

Pour faciliter le montage du tampon 2 sur le cadre 1, et comme on le voit bien sur la figure 8, on prévoit sur le tampon 2 un ergot ou analogue 12 susceptible de coopérer avec une encoche ou analogue 13 ménagée dans le cadre 1. L'ergot 12 et l'encoche 13 constituent un repère de positionnement du tampon 2 sur le cadre 1, ce repère étant de préférence situé au niveau de la zone d'appui Z₁, Z′₁ constituée par une rampe hélicoïdale unique 5, 5a sur le cadre et sur le tampon. Bien entendu, on pourrait parfaitement sans sortir du cadre de l'invention adopter comme repère de positionnement un système autre que celui représenté.To facilitate mounting of the pad 2 on the frame 1, and as can be seen in FIG. 8, there is provided on the pad 2 a lug or the like 12 capable of cooperating with a notch or the like 13 formed in the frame 1. L lug 12 and the notch 13 constitute a positioning mark of the buffer 2 on the frame 1, this mark preferably being located at the level of the support zone Z₁, Z′₁ constituted by a single helical ramp 5, 5a on the frame and on the stamp. Of course, it would be perfectly possible, without departing from the scope of the invention, to adopt a positioning system other than that shown.

Mais, pour une meilleure compréhension de l'invention, on décrira ci-après le fonctionnement et les avantages du regard qui vient d'être décrit.However, for a better understanding of the invention, the operation and the advantages of the look which has just been described will be described below.

Lors de la mise en place du tampon 2 sur le cadre 1, on réalise le contact des rampes 5a, 6a, 7a sur celles correspondantes 5, 6, 7 du cadre 1. Chaque paire de rampes coopérantes développe un effort tangentiel proportionnel au poids du tampon. La conjugaison des efforts sur les trois paires de rampes coopérantes induit une rotation du tampon 2 dans le cadre 1, et cela dans le sens des aiguilles d'une montre. Ceci a pour effet d'appliquer les faces actives 10a, 11a des contre-butées 8a, 9a du tampon 2 contre respectivement les faces actives 10, 11 des contre-butées 8, 9 du cadre 1.When the buffer 2 is placed on the frame 1, the ramps 5a, 6a, 7a are made to contact the corresponding ones 5, 6, 7 of the frame 1. Each pair of cooperating ramps develops a tangential force proportional to the weight of the buffer. The conjugation of efforts on the three pairs of cooperating ramps induces a rotation of the buffer 2 in the frame 1, and this in a clockwise direction. This has the effect of applying the active faces 10a, 11a of the counter-stops 8a, 9a of the pad 2 respectively against the active faces 10, 11 of the counter-stops 8, 9 of the frame 1.

Ainsi, une bonne stabilité du tampon 2 dans le cadre 1 est assurée, et cela pour toute charge passant à l'intérieur du triangle de sustentation dont les sommets sont constitués par les zones d'appui Z₁-Z′₁, Z₂-Z′₂ et Z₃-Z′₃.Thus, good stability of the buffer 2 in the frame 1 is ensured, and this for any load passing inside the support triangle whose vertices are formed by the support zones Z₁-Z′₁, Z₂-Z ′ ₂ and Z₃-Z′₃.

Si une charge roulante passe sur la zone repérée en F sur la figure 2, cette charge conférera au tampon un couple de soulèvement autour de l'axe X-X′ dont les extrémités sont constituées par les rampes au contact 6, 6a d'une part et 7, 7a d'autre part. Mais, en raison de l'inclinaison des faces actives coopérantes 10a-10 et 11a-11, tout soulèvement du tampon 2 sera interdit, et bien plus, un serrage supplémentaire sera imparti aux faces inclinées 10a, 11a du tampon 2 contre celles 10 et 11 du cadre 1.If a rolling load passes over the zone marked at F in FIG. 2, this load will give the buffer a lifting torque around the axis XX ′, the ends of which consist of the contact ramps 6, 6a on the one hand and 7, 7a on the other hand. However, due to the inclination of the cooperating active faces 10a-10 and 11a-11, any lifting of the pad 2 will be prohibited, and much more, an additional tightening will be imparted to the inclined faces 10a, 11a of the pad 2 against those 10 and 11 of frame 1.

Si la charge roulante passe sur l'une ou l'autre des zones du tampon 2 repérées G₁ et G₂ sur la figure 2 ladite charge impartira alors au tampon un couple de soulèvement qui sera contrarié soit par la coopération des faces actives inclinées 10a, 10 (pour un effort appliqué en G₂), soit par la coopération des faces actives inclinées 11a et 11 (pour un effort appliqué en G₁), lesdites faces étant diamétralement opposées, comme on l'a expliqué précédemment.If the rolling load passes over one or other of the zones of buffer 2 marked G₁ and G₂ in FIG. 2, said load will then impart to the buffer a lifting torque which will be thwarted either by the cooperation of the inclined active faces 10a, 10 (for a force applied in G₂), or by the cooperation of the inclined active faces 11a and 11 (for a force applied in G₁), said faces being diametrically opposite, as explained above.

Mais il est important d'ajouter ici que non seulement une excellente stabilité du tampon 2 sur le cadre 1 sera assurée quel que soit l'endroit de l'application de la charge sur ledit tampon, mais l'ouverture du regard par extraction du tampon du cadre sera aussi considérablement facilitée en raison de l'agencement circonférentiel particulier et asymétrique des rampes hélicoïdales et des contre-butées sur le cadre et sur le tampon.But it is important to add here that not only excellent stability of the pad 2 on the frame 1 will be ensured regardless of where the load is applied to said pad, but the opening of the manhole by removing the pad from the frame will also be considerably facilitated due to the particular and asymmetrical circumferential arrangement of the helical ramps and counter-stops on the frame and on the pad.

En effet, pour ouvrir le regard, il suffira de soulever le tampon sans exercer une action de déblocage préalable, puisque, lors du soulèvement, les contre-butées 8a, 9a du tampon 2 échapperont pour ainsi dire naturellement aux contre-butées correspondantes et alternées 8 et 9 du cadre, et cela sous l'effet d'une très légère rotation du tampon par rapport au cadre, qui s'effectuera naturellement lors du soulèvement et à laquelle rien ne pourra s'opposer, contrairement à ce qui était le cas dans les regards antérieurement connus où le tampon était nécessairement bloqué dans le cadre et par conséquent difficile à séparer dudit cadre.Indeed, to open the gaze, it will suffice to raise the buffer without exerting a prior unlocking action, since, during the lifting, the counter-stops 8a, 9a of the buffer 2 will escape, so to speak, naturally to the corresponding and alternating counter-stops 8 and 9 of the frame, and this under the effect of a very slight rotation of the buffer relative to the frame, which will take place naturally during the lifting and to which nothing can oppose, contrary to what was the case in previously known manholes where the buffer was necessarily blocked in the frame and therefore difficult to separate from said frame.

On a donc réalisé suivant l'invention un regard présentant une excellente stabilité aux charges roulantes notamment et pouvant être ouvert facilement et sans efforts particuliers.There is therefore produced according to the invention a manhole having excellent stability to rolling loads in particular and which can be opened easily and without particular efforts.

Bien entendu, l'invention n'est nullement limitée au mode de réalisation décrit et illustré qui n'a été donné qu'à titre d'exemple.Of course, the invention is in no way limited to the embodiment described and illustrated, which has been given only by way of example.

C'est ainsi que l'angle d'inclinaison des contre-butées peut être variable, de même que les moyens de repérage du positionnement du tampon sur le cadre peuvent être quelconques. Il est également possible de prévoir entre cadre et tampon un moyen facilitant le centrage du tampon, comme montré en 14 sur la figure 6.Thus the angle of inclination of the counter-stops can be variable, just as the means for locating the positioning of the pad on the frame can be arbitrary. It is also possible to provide between frame and buffer a means facilitating the centering of the buffer, as shown at 14 in Figure 6.

C'est dire que l'invention comprend tous les équivalents techniques des moyens décrits ainsi que leurs combinaisons si celles-ci sont effectuées suivant son esprit.This means that the invention includes all the technical equivalents of the means described as well as their combinations if they are carried out according to the spirit.

Claims (4)

Regard pour chaussée ou analogue du type comprenant un cadre circulaire (1) pouvant être incorporé à la chaussée et obturable par un couvercle ou tampon (2) également circulaire, le cadre et le tampon étant munis chacun de trois zones d'appui (Z₁, Z′₁, Z₂, Z′₂, Z₃, Z′₃) disposées sensiblement à 120° l'une de l'autre, ces trois zones d'appui constituant une rampe hélicoïdale à laquelle peuvent être associées des contre-butées, caractérisé en ce que l'une (Z₁, Z′₁) des trois zones d'appui est constituée uniquement d'une rampe hélicoïdale (5, 5a), tandis que chacune des deux autres zones d'appui (Z₂, Z′₂, Z₃, Z′₃) comporte une rampe hélicoïdale (6, 6a, 7, 7a) et une contre-butée associée (8, 9, 8a, 9a) située du côté de la zone d'appui (Z, Z′₁) formant rampe hélicoïdale unique, les deux contre-butées comportant des faces actives inclinées en sens opposé (10-11, 10a-11a).Manhole cover or the like of the type comprising a circular frame (1) which can be incorporated into the floor and can be closed by a cover or pad (2) also circular, the frame and the pad each being provided with three support zones (Z₁, Z′₁, Z₂, Z′₂, Z₃, Z′₃) arranged substantially at 120 ° from one another, these three bearing zones constituting a helical ramp with which counter-stops can be associated, characterized in that one (Z₁, Z′₁) of the three support zones consists only of a helical ramp (5, 5a), while each of the two other support zones (Z₂, Z′₂, Z₃, Z′₃) has a helical ramp (6, 6a, 7, 7a) and an associated counter-stop (8, 9, 8a, 9a) located on the side of the support zone (Z, Z′₁) forming a single helical ramp, the two counter stops having active faces inclined in opposite directions (10-11, 10a-11a). Regard selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la droite (Y-Y′) d'intersection des deux plans constituant respectivement les deux faces actives inclinées en sens opposé (10-11, 10a-11a) des deux contre-butées précitées est sensiblement perpendiculaire à la médiatrice (M) du triangle (T) formé par les trois zones d'appui et partant de la zone d'appui (Z₁,Z′₁) formant rampe hélicoïdale unique (5, 5a).Manhole according to claim 1, characterized in that the straight line (YY ′) of intersection of the two planes constituting respectively the two active faces inclined in opposite directions (10-11, 10a-11a) of the two abovementioned counter-stops is substantially perpendicular to the perpendicular bisector (M) of the triangle (T) formed by the three support zones and starting from the support zone (Z₁, Z′₁) forming a single helical ramp (5, 5a). Regard suivant la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la droite précitée (Y-Y′) passe par le centre (O) dudit regard.Manhole according to claim 2, characterized in that the aforementioned straight line (Y-Y ′) passes through the center (O) of said manhole. Regard selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le tampon (2) et le cadre (1) comportent un repère de positionnement relatif constitué par exemple par un ergot (12) et une encoche (13) coopérant avec cet ergot, ledit ergot et ladite encoche étant situés de préférence au niveau de la zone d'appui (Z₁, Z′₁) formant rampe hélicoïdale unique (5, 5a).Manhole according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the pad (2) and the frame (1) comprise a relative positioning mark constituted for example by a lug (12) and a notch (13) cooperating with this lug, said lug and said notch being preferably located at the support area (Z zone, Z′₁) forming a single helical ramp (5, 5a).
EP92402795A 1991-10-15 1992-10-13 Cover for manhole or the like Withdrawn EP0538115A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9112694 1991-10-15
FR9112694A FR2682407B1 (en) 1991-10-15 1991-10-15 LOOK FOR PAVEMENT OR THE LIKE.

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EP0538115A1 true EP0538115A1 (en) 1993-04-21

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FR (1) FR2682407B1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0818578A1 (en) * 1996-07-11 1998-01-14 Von Roll Holding AG Cover for a manhole

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107100404A (en) * 2017-05-18 2017-08-29 大庆盈堃科技有限公司 Fire-proof and explosion-proof sump oil cesspool removable cover
CN112832294A (en) * 2021-01-19 2021-05-25 大唐安途(江苏)信息技术有限公司 Real-time intelligent monitoring device and system for inspection well cover

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB482517A (en) * 1936-09-30 1938-03-30 Frederick Turnbull Improvements in and relating to manhole and like covers
DE2049923A1 (en) * 1970-10-10 1972-04-13 Rheinstahl Ag, 4300 Essen Manhole cover in the shape of a hexagon
FR2339023A2 (en) * 1976-01-20 1977-08-19 Sambre & Meuse Usines Round manhole cover which locks in frame - has rotary gravity drop with ramped radial lugs engaging frame notches and obtaining elastic interlock
FR2484498A1 (en) * 1980-06-11 1981-12-18 Vandenesch Andre Automatic centring and locking inspection manhole cover - has rounded spigot ends on closure engaging ramps on cover to prevent rocking
GB2147931A (en) * 1980-10-17 1985-05-22 Pont A Mousson Road inspection manhole

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB482517A (en) * 1936-09-30 1938-03-30 Frederick Turnbull Improvements in and relating to manhole and like covers
DE2049923A1 (en) * 1970-10-10 1972-04-13 Rheinstahl Ag, 4300 Essen Manhole cover in the shape of a hexagon
FR2339023A2 (en) * 1976-01-20 1977-08-19 Sambre & Meuse Usines Round manhole cover which locks in frame - has rotary gravity drop with ramped radial lugs engaging frame notches and obtaining elastic interlock
FR2484498A1 (en) * 1980-06-11 1981-12-18 Vandenesch Andre Automatic centring and locking inspection manhole cover - has rounded spigot ends on closure engaging ramps on cover to prevent rocking
GB2147931A (en) * 1980-10-17 1985-05-22 Pont A Mousson Road inspection manhole

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0818578A1 (en) * 1996-07-11 1998-01-14 Von Roll Holding AG Cover for a manhole

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2682407A1 (en) 1993-04-16
FR2682407B1 (en) 1994-01-07

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