EP0513439A1 - Dispositif de remplissage et fermeture d'emballages pour produits fluides - Google Patents

Dispositif de remplissage et fermeture d'emballages pour produits fluides Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0513439A1
EP0513439A1 EP91119604A EP91119604A EP0513439A1 EP 0513439 A1 EP0513439 A1 EP 0513439A1 EP 91119604 A EP91119604 A EP 91119604A EP 91119604 A EP91119604 A EP 91119604A EP 0513439 A1 EP0513439 A1 EP 0513439A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
conveyor
packs
filling
pouring
station
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP91119604A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Wilhelm Reil
Ulrich Deutschbein
Gerd Knobloch
Udo Liebram
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tetra Laval Holdings and Finance SA
Original Assignee
Tetra Laval Holdings and Finance SA
Tetra Alfa Holdings SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE4116370A external-priority patent/DE4116370A1/de
Application filed by Tetra Laval Holdings and Finance SA, Tetra Alfa Holdings SA filed Critical Tetra Laval Holdings and Finance SA
Publication of EP0513439A1 publication Critical patent/EP0513439A1/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B43/00—Forming, feeding, opening or setting-up containers or receptacles in association with packaging
    • B65B43/42—Feeding or positioning bags, boxes, or cartons in the distended, opened, or set-up state; Feeding preformed rigid containers, e.g. tins, capsules, glass tubes, glasses, to the packaging position; Locating containers or receptacles at the filling position; Supporting containers or receptacles during the filling operation
    • B65B43/52—Feeding or positioning bags, boxes, or cartons in the distended, opened, or set-up state; Feeding preformed rigid containers, e.g. tins, capsules, glass tubes, glasses, to the packaging position; Locating containers or receptacles at the filling position; Supporting containers or receptacles during the filling operation using roller-ways or endless conveyors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B55/00—Preserving, protecting or purifying packages or package contents in association with packaging
    • B65B55/02—Sterilising, e.g. of complete packages
    • B65B55/027—Packaging in aseptic chambers

Definitions

  • the invention has for its object to provide a filling and closing device of the type mentioned above, with which a large number of packs per unit time can be processed reliably.
  • This object is achieved in that in the sequence of movements behind the feed conveyor, a transverse sliding conveyor and between the feed conveyor and the discharge conveyor at a height below the footprint cross conveyor and driving devices for intermittent movement of transport boxes and at an altitude above the transport boxes, an intermediate conveyor are provided and that Filling and closing station are arranged in the area of the cross conveyor at a height above the transport boxes.
  • the longitudinal conveying direction is that of the feed conveyor, which is also called the main conveying direction.
  • the transverse conveying direction which is approximately perpendicular to the longitudinal conveying direction, runs transversely to this. Both directions that The longitudinal conveying direction and the transverse conveying direction lie in the horizontal.
  • a third direction running perpendicular to the longitudinal and transverse directions is provided, which in a preferred embodiment that is considered in the following is in the vertical direction.
  • the feed conveyor guides open, empty packs into a basic position.
  • a transverse sliding conveyor ensures the displacement of the row of at least two packs in the transverse conveying direction, that is to say transversely to the first longitudinal conveying direction.
  • the significance lies in the fact that here a series of at least two packs, preferably even eight or ten (! Packs, is treated in stages.
  • the device according to the invention can be clearly described by speaking of the supply of the row of packs in the longitudinal conveying direction into a type of distributor in which the further conveying takes place in the longitudinal and transverse directions, namely by means of the conveyors mentioned.
  • the sponsors preferably work intermittently.
  • the filling and closing device according to the invention is particularly expedient for the subsequent connection after a pack manufacturing machine, from which a series of packs comes out in cycles.
  • a manufacturing machine can be a thermoforming machine.
  • a first series of packs which is particularly envisaged for the description here, is fed lengthwise into a basic position.
  • This row of packs can, for example, be in one piece, ie - due to the manufacturing process in the thermoforming machine - one pack of the row depends on the other.
  • This also applies to a pack series of ten packs, for example.
  • the advantage of this one-piece series with regard to the filling and closing device considered here is the good adjustment of the individual processing units above the workpieces, ie above the packs, for example the openings in their top floors. If these are at a fixed distance within a series of packs, then the correct engagement of the tools on the workpiece is better guaranteed.
  • the pack rows in the longitudinal and transverse conveying directions are continued intermittently or intermittently. While the transverse slide conveyor and the discharge conveyor engage and move them at different heights in the area of the pack or the strand of packs, a differentiation is made according to the invention with regard to the standing area.
  • Below the stand so to speak, in a diving position, there are cross conveyors and driver devices, because these indirectly move the transport boxes and thus the packs standing in the transport boxes; while above the level of the stand area and in height even above the transport boxes of the intermediate conveyor and preferably even the feed and Ab makeuper are provided.
  • this structure means that the last-mentioned conveyors which intervene in packaging above the upper edges of the transport boxes have no influence on the movement of the transport boxes and have no intervention in them.
  • a further height level is expedient, which is still above the conveyors and also above the transport boxes, even at a distance above the top floors of the packs to be transported, namely the height for the filling and closing station.
  • the conveyors and / or the transport boxes can be moved underneath the filling and closing station and moved out from under it.
  • some elements of the device according to the invention reach the workpieces in the above-mentioned vertical direction of movement, i.e. with the packs, as will be described.
  • the device according to the invention not only reliably processes a large number of packs per unit of time, but also parts of the device are designed very advantageously in various respects.
  • the special arrangement of the funding means inter alia, that cycle times are spread in such a way that the post-processing of the packs produced in a pack-making machine can be considerably improved, for example the respective pack can be slowly filled, carefully transported and sealed liquid-tight.
  • the available cycle time is increased by the special way of conveying and thus distributing the processing strands. If, for example, the pack row under consideration is fed from the thermoforming machine every four seconds, the further processing of this pack row would have to take place every four seconds.
  • the measures according to the invention allow the four seconds available to be optimally used.
  • a larger proportion can be used, for example, for longer movement, gluing or filling processes. Shorter processing cycles are sufficient for transferring over shorter distances.
  • the conveying in the longitudinal conveying direction that is to say in the longitudinal direction of the strand, is more lengthy processing than the conveying of the strand in the transverse conveying direction if, for example, the strand only has to be displaced about its width in the transverse conveying direction.
  • the total cycle is divided in such a way that three seconds are used for conveying the pack strand in its longitudinal conveying direction or for filling or closing and the remaining amount or the intermediate amounts of one second each are used to move the respective package strand in the transverse conveying direction.
  • the transport boxes are each containers which are open at the top and are U-shaped in cross section and have a length which corresponds to the length of the longest strand of packs to be conveyed.
  • Devices with a string length of ten packs in one piece have already worked satisfactorily with high performance.
  • the respective transport box has a length such that the ten packs mentioned, i.e. the one-piece packing string is completely taken up by the transport box.
  • the transport box is expediently open in its longitudinal direction at the front and rear as well as above. In this way, the pack strand can be pushed in from one side and later pulled off in the other direction when the transport case is stationary.
  • This movement of the pack strands into and out of the transport boxes is accomplished with the terminology of the intermediate conveyors and the conveyors used in this description. Both can engage the packages without touching the shipping crates.
  • the cross conveyors and driver devices are controlled so that at the given moment there is an empty transport box in the effective area of the intermediate conveyor and at the same time a full transport box in the effective area of the discharge conveyor, so that when the two conveyors are switched on, one transport box is loaded and the other is unloaded. In the course of the movement of the transport boxes, one transport box is empty after the completion of a cycle.
  • the invention is particularly advantageously further developed in that two transverse conveyors are arranged one behind the other in the conveying direction of the feed conveyor, which convey in opposite directions and have at least one intermediate position between their end positions under the filling station or under the closing station.
  • the cross conveyors convey in the transverse direction, so that with the first-mentioned above feature the first cross conveyor in the sequence of movements conveys the respective transport box to the left into at least one intermediate position and then further into an end position, while the second cross conveyor arranged behind it preferably with a synchronous drive conveys the transport box located there in the area of the second cross conveyor transversely to the right into an intermediate position and then into a right end position.
  • the cycle time of each cross conveyor is one second, while the transport boxes remain in the rest position for three seconds before the next movement cycle of the cross conveyor (for one second) begins. This means that three seconds are available for both the filling station and the closing station, sufficient time for careful and successful processing.
  • the cross conveyor and driver devices and preferably also the cross slide conveyor and / or the discharge conveyor have endless belts which run around horizontally arranged axes.
  • This is the simplest type of conveying device, and it has proven to be particularly advantageous if the intermediate conveyor and the feed conveyor and possibly also the discharge conveyor have endless belts rotating around vertically arranged axes. In a very space-saving manner, this allows pack strands to be moved in a longitudinal conveying direction, to which a number of cross-conveying components have been added in the meantime, in order to be able to fill even critical filling goods in a soft and careful manner and to be able to seal the packs filled with them.
  • the support surface of the respective transport box is approximately at the level of the above-mentioned standing area, and the transport box itself rests on guides and / or Driver devices that have to work in time with the cross conveyors without mutual interference.
  • the drivers on the driver devices can therefore be short strips, the longitudinal extension of which lies in the transverse conveying direction.
  • the invention is designed in that the conveyors and entrainment devices are arranged within an aseptic space which is closed off by a housing with locks. Depending on the arrangement of the locks, feed and / or discharge conveyors can remain at least partially arranged outside the aseptic space. At least the other conveyors are completely inside the room, which can be sealed off from the outside air by a housing and thus sterilized. If, for example, you want to fill the so-called UHT milk in a dairy, which is transported and stored in aseptic packs, the device according to the invention can be used for the use of these packs and the product mentioned.
  • each filler of the filling station has a vertically downward filling tube and if a lifting mechanism for lifting the row of packs above the filling tubes is arranged under and / or next to the standing rails in the area of the fillers. If the device according to the invention is used for the production of milk packs or if the flow agent of the packs in question is full or the like, a foam-free filling of the contents should be ensured.
  • the closing station has conveying means for pouring devices to be placed on the filled packs, which have an endless belt with resilient clamping receptacles attached to the outside, in the area of the lower run of the endless belt, which can be moved close above the packs, in the Scraper movable in the vertical direction and also pushers movable in the vertical direction are provided for pushing the pouring device onto the clamping transducer.
  • conveying means for pouring devices to be placed on the filled packs which have an endless belt with resilient clamping receptacles attached to the outside, in the area of the lower run of the endless belt, which can be moved close above the packs, in the Scraper movable in the vertical direction and also pushers movable in the vertical direction are provided for pushing the pouring device onto the clamping transducer.
  • the package to be processed here is viewed as a cuboid structure, in the horizontally lying flat top floor of which an opening was provided through which the filler tube of the filler is immersed, so that after the filling process this package is unlocked in the region of its opening.
  • This opening is covered by supplying pouring devices, placing them and then gluing them.
  • the pouring device can of course be designed in a wide variety of ways. The main thing is that a closure piece is included for sealing the package.
  • the pouring device can also have a bottom part provided with a hole and, articulated to this, a closure piece which closes the hole in a liquid-tight manner, so that the entire unit of bottom part and closure piece is referred to as the pouring device mentioned can be.
  • a band of pouring devices arranged one behind the other can be wound onto a roll and held in the device according to the invention on the axis of rotation already mentioned, so that the tape is fed from pouring devices transversely to the longitudinal conveying direction.
  • the pouring devices are brought over the strand of packs with an endless belt until a pouring device is present in the correct position on each pack of a strand on a clamp receiver. Then - of course with the endless belt and the packs at a standstill - after actuation of the wipers, all pouring devices are pressed onto the respective hole of the filled pack. The packs are now sealed. For a rationally working and powerful device, the sealing station must also be correspondingly powerful.
  • the pouring devices are fed from the belt intermittently through the respective hole in the top of the package, and in one embodiment the package is pressed against the pouring device from below, and in the other embodiment pushers which act approximately vertically from bottom to top respective pouring device on a clamp of an endless belt, which protrudes downward.
  • the pouring devices are fed in strip form, a separation is of course necessary. This is done using knives.
  • the isolated pouring devices are pressed onto the clamping receptacles. Then the wipers come into operation, which can be designed in a simple manner as rails and extend over the entire row of packs or along the endless belt, closely above the top floors of the pack rows.
  • the closing station has two processing stations arranged one behind the other in the transverse direction, of which the first one for placing the pouring device by means of the second conveyor, the clamp receptacles and the wipers and the second one for attaching the ones in the opening of the top floor pouring device attached to the pack are provided, this second processing position having a further lifting mechanism for the row of packs.
  • the pouring devices must be used on the one hand, and subsequently welded tight. If, according to the invention, two intermediate positions are provided in the area of the cross conveyor, sealing devices can also be provided in the second intermediate position. In another embodiment, it is expedient to glue the pouring device firmly. Then the second intermediate position in the area of the cross conveyor can be used for curing because additional time is available there.
  • the lifting mechanism described is in any case expedient, since it can either be used to lift the packs onto the held pouring devices in the event of gluing, in order to bring the edge of the upper floor into engagement with the pouring device; or in the other embodiment the sealing can be done after lifting.
  • the device described above is particularly favorable for use in the manufacture of these packs, the packs being made entirely of plastic, including the pouring device placed in the sealing station.
  • the packs can be made in a thermoforming machine by deep drawing from two open shells and welding them to produce the pack, only the hole in the top floor of the pack being open. This hole is used at the same time to fill the package and then the hole is closed in the manner described above.
  • thermoformable and preferably a thermoplastic e.g. Is polypropylene.
  • PVC can also serve as such plastic, with polypropene also being widely known in the art as polypropylene.
  • the package that can be closed with the device according to the invention then consists of perfectly reprocessable and easily rotten parts and materials (in contrast to composite materials, such as paper with plastic).
  • the plastic material e.g. polypropene
  • the plastic material e.g. polypropene
  • the fillers here being chalk, mica, talc, gypsum or the like. In practice, filling levels of up to 70%, preferably 60%, have proven to be favorable.
  • plastic materials filled in this way are particularly deep-drawable and also sealable.
  • the consideration of the invention is therefore also directed to the use of a filling and closing device of the type described at the outset for the production of packs which are entirely consist of thermoformable, sealable and filled in the manner described above plastic materials, including the closure piece.
  • a number of, for example, ten adjacent packs 8, which are placed on a strip-shaped base 2 are obtained at the bottom.
  • Figures 1 and 2 now takes place Via the feed conveyor 3 in the form of a transport belt with deflection wheels around vertical axes, the packing strand 8 is pulled out in the direction of the arrow 4.
  • a punching device 5 made of two pairs of rotating star rollers, which are arranged at a distance from one another, punches the one shown in FIG Pack 8 the triangles 7 (top) and 7 '(bottom) while passing in the direction of arrow 4. The row of packs 8 thus moves to the left into position I and stops there.
  • the entire sterile room is sealed off all around by a sealed housing 9.
  • a lock is provided, which is traversed by the strand of packs 8 when moving into housing 9.
  • the aseptic housing 9 there is a sterile atmosphere with a slight overpressure compared to the outside atmosphere.
  • any processing operations can be carried out on the stationary packs 8 in the stationary strand, in the case of aseptic treatment, for example, gassing to sterilize the interior of the pack 8; or other treatment steps.
  • the standstill of the pack 8 rod lasts three seconds.
  • the so-called intermediate conveyor is again an endless belt with deflection rollers with vertical axes and is designated here by 12. It rotates in the direction of the curved arrow 13 and is also driven in a discontinuously controlled manner.
  • the row of packs is now moved from position II to the left into position III by its movement. In this position there was an empty transport box 14 which is now filled.
  • the arrangement of the gripping devices of the intermediate conveyor 12 are shown as radially protruding fingers, and the construction of the feed conveyor 3 and also of the discharge conveyor 25 are the same.
  • the engagement height it can be imagined from the illustration in FIG. 3 that the engagement fingers engage over the upper edge of the transport boxes 14, so that strands of packs 8 into the transport boxes 14 can be inserted or pulled out without the engaging fingers coming into contact and engagement with the transport boxes themselves.
  • the package strand 8 is now in the transport container 14 for three seconds, which e.g. is made of plastic and has good sliding and stability properties. It also took three seconds to move the package string 8 from position II to position III. While the pack strand then remains in position III for a further three seconds, no processing operations are carried out in this so-called first intermediate position. With further developments on the machine, appropriate manipulations can be carried out on the packs.
  • the transport box located in the first intermediate position III is thus occupied with a packing strand 8 and is now pushed down into the position IV via the first cross conveyor in the transverse conveying direction 15. This is the second intermediate position in which the first cross conveyor stops after one second of movement.
  • the position IV is that below the filling tubes 16 of a filling station, generally designated 17.
  • the packs 8 with their transport containers 14 can be moved freely in all directions below the filling tubes 16.
  • the lifting of the transport container 14 begins vertically upwards via a cam control or a crank.
  • the transport container 14 with the packs 8 of course remains in position IV according to FIG. 1.
  • the filling tubes 16 dip into the hole in the top floor of the package 8, so that the packing, encompassing the filling tube 16, over this up to one maximum upper position is pushed up. Then the valves of the filler 17 open and the filling process begins.
  • the next step is to convey the pack row 8 standing in the transport box 14 in the longitudinal conveying direction parallel to arrow 4, now to position VI, i.e. under a series of pouring devices, which are supplied in the form of strips parallel to one another and transversely to the conveying direction 4, as can be clearly seen in FIG.
  • position VI i.e. under a series of pouring devices, which are supplied in the form of strips parallel to one another and transversely to the conveying direction 4, as can be clearly seen in FIG.
  • FIG. 5 shows the push rod 31, which is driven by a common motor 31 or also by individual motors per unit and via a cam disk 40, so that it moves up and down via the lever 33 '.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 Another embodiment of pouring device 104, 104a is shown in FIGS. 7 and 8.
  • a second conveyor 30 with an endless belt 31 on which clamping receptacles 36 are located, for applying and welding differently designed pouring devices onto the top of the pack 8.
  • the axis 34 of a deflection roller 35 can be seen in FIG. 7.
  • the purpose of the clamp receptacles 36 is to hold the pouring devices 104, 104a, which are briefly explained with reference to FIGS. 9 to 12.
  • the package 8 is shown with the front two side walls 40 and 41 and the flat top floor 102.
  • the row of packs is then filled and firmly closed with welded pouring devices 104, so that it can be brought into the end position IX by a conveyor similar to the embodiment of FIG.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Basic Packing Technique (AREA)
  • Supplying Of Containers To The Packaging Station (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Devices For And Details Of Packaging Control (AREA)
EP91119604A 1991-05-18 1991-11-16 Dispositif de remplissage et fermeture d'emballages pour produits fluides Ceased EP0513439A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4116370A DE4116370A1 (de) 1990-05-23 1991-05-18 Vorrichtung zum fuellen und verschliessen von fliessmittelpackungen
DE4116370 1991-05-18

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0513439A1 true EP0513439A1 (fr) 1992-11-19

Family

ID=6431989

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91119604A Ceased EP0513439A1 (fr) 1991-05-18 1991-11-16 Dispositif de remplissage et fermeture d'emballages pour produits fluides

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (1) US5447007A (fr)
EP (1) EP0513439A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH05508139A (fr)
KR (1) KR970011361B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1067015A (fr)
AU (1) AU654832B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2067496A1 (fr)
CS (1) CS354891A3 (fr)
FI (1) FI95678C (fr)
HU (1) HU212397B (fr)
PL (1) PL168095B1 (fr)
TW (1) TW208688B (fr)
WO (1) WO1992020580A1 (fr)

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EP0621185A1 (fr) * 1993-04-23 1994-10-26 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance SA Machine pour transporter et traiter des emballages pour des liquides
WO1997004953A1 (fr) * 1995-08-02 1997-02-13 Pkl Verpackungssysteme Gmbh Procede et dispositif de mise en place d'elements verseurs sur des emballages-briques a coins rabattus, remplis de produits coulants

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DE19642987A1 (de) * 1996-10-18 1998-04-23 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Sterilisieren und Befüllen von Verpackungsbehältern
DE19719765A1 (de) 1997-05-10 1998-11-12 Rieter Ingolstadt Spinnerei Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Transportieren einer Kannengruppe
US6205746B1 (en) * 1999-01-28 2001-03-27 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance, Sa Post-processing fitment applicator
US6629403B1 (en) * 2000-10-24 2003-10-07 Delaware Capital Formation, Inc. Mandrel with variable pocket widths for automatic packaging machines
US7914220B2 (en) * 2005-03-01 2011-03-29 Elc Management Llc Vented mascara wiper
DE102009026121A1 (de) * 2009-07-07 2011-01-13 Krones Ag Verfahren zur Handhabung und Behandlung von Flüssigkeitsbehältern und Anordnung mehrerer Vorrichtungen zur Behandlung von Flüssigkeitsbehältern
RU2565719C2 (ru) * 2011-07-11 2015-10-20 О Энд Р Картон Лунд Аб Устройство и способ запечатывания контейнера на основе картона
CN103754409B (zh) * 2014-01-23 2017-10-27 万世泰金属工业（昆山）有限公司 节约人力的金属板包装设备
PL3119678T3 (pl) * 2014-03-21 2019-03-29 G.D Societa' Per Azioni Urządzenie i sposób do wytwarzania wkładów do papierosów elektronicznych
CN107668758B (zh) * 2017-09-25 2019-11-08 泰兴市智谷科技孵化器中心 一种休闲食品成型模具
CN110884724B (zh) * 2019-11-28 2021-07-20 安吉万洲电气有限公司 一种牙膏罐装封尾机

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EP0291133A2 (fr) * 1987-05-13 1988-11-17 Shikoku Kakoki Co., Ltd. Machine d'emballage
US4990200A (en) * 1989-12-29 1991-02-05 Lever Brothers Company Fitment application process and apparatus

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0621185A1 (fr) * 1993-04-23 1994-10-26 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance SA Machine pour transporter et traiter des emballages pour des liquides
US5487253A (en) * 1993-04-23 1996-01-30 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. Device for conveying and processing packs for liquids
WO1997004953A1 (fr) * 1995-08-02 1997-02-13 Pkl Verpackungssysteme Gmbh Procede et dispositif de mise en place d'elements verseurs sur des emballages-briques a coins rabattus, remplis de produits coulants
US6092351A (en) * 1995-08-02 2000-07-25 Sig Combibloc, Gmbh Method and device for bonding pourers to flat-topped parallelepidal cartons filled with free-flowing products

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CS354891A3 (en) 1992-12-16
AU8948691A (en) 1992-12-30
PL168095B1 (pl) 1996-01-31
FI95678C (fi) 1996-03-11
FI921072A0 (fi) 1992-03-12
TW208688B (fr) 1993-07-01
US5447007A (en) 1995-09-05
HU9203044D0 (en) 1993-05-28
HUT65432A (en) 1994-06-28
CA2067496A1 (fr) 1992-11-19
PL297602A1 (en) 1993-10-04
FI95678B (fi) 1995-11-30
JPH05508139A (ja) 1993-11-18
KR970011361B1 (ko) 1997-07-10
FI921072A (fi) 1992-11-19
HU212397B (en) 1996-06-28
WO1992020580A1 (fr) 1992-11-26
CN1067015A (zh) 1992-12-16
AU654832B2 (en) 1994-11-24

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