Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
  • C11D3/0094—High foaming compositions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/86—Mixtures of anionic, cationic, and non-ionic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/34—Organic compounds containing sulfur
  • C11D3/3418—Toluene -, xylene -, cumene -, benzene - or naphthalene sulfonates or sulfates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
  • C11D1/123—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from carboxylic acids, e.g. sulfosuccinates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
  • C11D1/22—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aromatic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
  • C11D1/29—Sulfates of polyoxyalkylene ethers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
  • C11D1/52—Carboxylic amides, alkylolamides or imides or their condensation products with alkylene oxides
  • C11D1/523—Carboxylic alkylolamides, or dialkylolamides, or hydroxycarboxylic amides (R1-CO-NR2R3), where R1, R2 or R3 contain one hydroxy group per alkyl group
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/662—Carbohydrates or derivatives

Definitions

• This invention relates to light duty liquid detergents having particular utility in the hand washing of dishware, including dishes, pots, pans, glassware and silverware/flatware. More particularly, it relates to a liquid dishwashing detergent composition which provides stable, persistent foaming characteristics combined with good rinseability, mildness to the skin and effectiveness in removing greasy soils from dishware.
• Foam generation by detergent compositions is associated by the consumer with good detersive ability. However, it is apparent that long lasting foam, whether considered copious or medium to medium-low foam content is, by itself, not a sufficient measure of cleaning ability. Nevertheless, much effort has been extended to optimize foaming characteristics, without necessarily improving cleaning ability.
• Greasy soils are generally considered to be one of the most difficult soil types to be removed by hand washing. Effective grease removal is nearly always associated with requiring high temperature water to help dissolve and remove the grease.
• Another important characteristic to the consumer for hand dishwashing formulations is the ability to easily wash away the copious foam which is associated with good cleaning performance.
• Surfactant systems providing APG generated foams are not always acceptable in terms of rinseability.
• compositions which avoid the elevated problems and accomplish the foregoing objectives.
• the compositions although prepared from otherwise known ingredients, but in unique combinations and proportions, is capable of achieving a new and beneficial result.
• the liquid dishwashing detergent composition comprises, as essential ingredients:
• the present invention is based, in part, on the quite unexpected discovery that the foam stabilizing, foam boosting combination of the alkyl polyglucoside (APG) and alkanolamide components has a significant impact on the grease removal performance of the composition at a constant level of total surfactant/foam stabilization components. More specifically, it has now been found that while some enhanced grease removal benefits may be provided with the foam stabilizing alkanolamide alone, as compared to existing top of the line commercial products, the improvement in grease removal performance is further dramatically improved in the system containing both foam stabilizing alkanolamide and APG. Furthermore, by employing the alkyl ether sulfate (AEOS) with less than 3 moles ethylene oxide, e.g.
• AEOS alkyl ether sulfate
• AEOS-1EO or AEOS-2EO a more copious foam can be obtained as compared to the same composition containing AEOS-3EO (i.e. 3 moles ethylene oxide) while still retaining acceptable mildness.
• AEOS-3EO i.e. 3 moles ethylene oxide
• good rinseability of the dishware is achieved without impairing cleaning performance.
• Liquid Palmolive® (17% NaLAS, 13% AEOS-3EO, 4% LMMEA, 3.3% SCS+SXS, 0.5% inorganic salts; balance perfume, color, ethanol, water), removed about 25 milligrams (mg), of greasy soil (lard) as compared to only 5 mg for the same formula with 0% LMMEA.
• a composition according to this invention containing APG grease removal increases by about 80 mg over the level of LMMEA between about 1% and about 4% by weight of the composition.
• the foam stabilization system which may also itself contribute to the foaming capacity as well as foam stabilizing effect is comprised of the lower alkanolamide of higher alkanoic acid which is the reaction product of a lower alkanol of 2 to 3 carbon atoms and an alkanoic acid of 10 to 16 carbon atoms, preferably with 80% or more of the lower alkanol being ethanol and a similar proportion of the alkanoic acid being of 12 to 14 carbon atoms.
• Other lower alkanols that are also useful are n-propanol and isopropanol.
• the preferred alkanoic acid is a mixture of lauric and myristic acids, generally in proportions of 1:2 to 2:1, with about 50% of each being preferable.
• coconut oil or hydrogenated coconut oil may be used as a source of the alkanoic acids.
• Suitable alkanoic acid alkanolamides include the monoethanolamides. diethanolamides and the monoisopropanolamides.
• Specific examples include mixed lauric/myristic diethanolamide, lauric/myristic monoethanolamide, lauric monoethanolamide, lauric diethanolamide, coco diethanolamide, coco monoethanolamide, and the like.
• the amount of the alkanoic acid alkanolamide may be up to about 6% of the composition, such as 0.5 to 6%, preferably 1 to 5%, more preferably 1 to 4%, such as 1.5, 2, 3 or 4%, of the composition.
• compositions of this invention which include the salt surfactants (A)(1), (A)(3), (A)(4) and, optionally, (A)(2) and foam stabilization system (B), in the specified proportions, as essential ingredients are formulated in an aqueous carrier to provide mild, stable foaming liquid compositions especially effective in cleaning, by hand washing, dishware, such as dishes, glasses, flatware, pots, pans, etc., at ambient wash water temperature, as well, of course, at warm or hot wash water temperatures.
• the invention formulations are mild to the hands and are clear and homogeneous. Clarity and homogeneity may often, however, be improved by inclusion of, for example, organic solvents and/or hydrotropes, and these and other optional additives may also be included in the compositions in amounts which do not adversely influence the desirable properties.
• Cosmetically acceptable organic solvents usually lower alcohols, such as ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, propylene glycol, or mixtures thereof, may be included in the composition for its thinning effect, lowering of clear point, and for its solubilizing effect for any components which may not be readily soluble in the main aqueous medium.
• the amount of solvent, when present, will usually be limited to about 10%, preferably 8%, especially no more than about 6% of the composition, such as from 2 to 5%.
• Ethanol is the prefeed organic solvent.
• hydrotropes include primarily urea and the lower alkyl aryl sulfonate salts, such as sodium xylene sulfonate, potassium xylene sulfonate, sodium cumene sulfonate, ammonium xylene sulfonate, and the like. Mixtures of two or more hydrotropes may also be used.
• the hydrotrope when used, is generally present in amounts below about 8%, preferably below about 6%, such as from 1 or 2 to 6%.
• opacifying agents e.g. behenic acid
• a pearlescent or pearlizing composition such as an approximately equal mixture of high fatty acid ester of polyethoxy ethanol, coconut oil fatty acid alkanolamide and sodium lauryl ether sulfate.
• the higher fatty acid will usually be of 10 to 18 carbon atoms and the polyethoxy content will be of 1 to 20, preferably 1 to 10 ethoxy groups.
• the alkanolamide will preferably be ethanolamide, but can be mixed with isopropanolamide, too.
• Additional adjuvant components of the present compositions include perfumes; sequestrants, e.g. monohydrogen ethylene diamine tetraacetate, tetrasodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, trisodium nitrilotriacetate; bactericides, e.g. trichlorocarbanilide, tetrachlorosalicylanilide, hexachlorophene, chlorobromosalicylanilide; antioxidants; thickeners, e.g. sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, polyacrylamide, Irish moss; dyes; water dispersible pigments; salts, e.g. sodium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, as the heptahydrate or anhydrous, sodium chloride; preservatives, such as formaldehyde or hydrogen peroxide, pH modifiers, etc.
• sequestrants e.g. monohydrogen ethylene diamine tetraacetate, tetraso
• the total amount of the additional additives is usually no more than about 20% of the composition, preferably not exceeding 15%, while the amount of any individual ingredient will not generally exceed 10%, especially 5%, and usually no more than 2 or 3%.
• compositions of this invention and the various adjuvants employable therein, and in the claims, although individual constituents are mentioned for various classes or types of components it is within the invention that mixtures thereof be employed, such as mixtures of two or three anionic detergents or mixtures with the nonionic detergents, both possibly with other anionic and nonionic detergents known in the art, mixtures of skin treating materials and mixtures of solvents, among others.
• paraffin sulfonate surfactants such as sodium or magnesium (C12-C18) paraffin sulfonate
• Amphoteric surfactants such as the betaines, e.g. acylamidopropyl dimethyl ammonium betaines, can also often provide improvements in overall performance.
• the viscosities of the detergent compositions may be further varied by the addition of thickening agents, such as gums and cellulose derivatives.
• the product viscosity and flow properties should be such as to make it pourable from a bottle and not so thin as to tend to splash or pour too readily, since usually only small quantities of the liquid detergent are to be utilized in use.
• Viscosities from 20 to 1000 centipoise (Brookfield Viscometer spindle no. 1, 12 r.p.m.) are found useful with those from 100 to 500 cps. being preferred and a viscosity of about 200 centipoise being considered best by most consumers, although at somewhat lower viscosities, e.g. 100 cps., consumer acceptance is almost the same.
• the detergent constituents usually it is preferred to heat the detergent constituents to a somewhat elevated temperature, e.g. 40° to 50°C and then admix them with the water and, optionally, all or a portion of the ethanol. Thereafter, other anionic and nonionic detergents, urea, amide, protein and other adjuvants are added with the more volatile materials, such as perfumes, preferably being added last and after cooling of the composition to about room temperature. Normally when making opaque or pearlescent detergents, the pearlizing mixture will also be added near last at about room temperature.
• various other known techniques may also be employed, depending upon the particular detergent composition.
• the pH of the formulation will generally be near neutral, e.g. about 5 to 8, preferably about 6.5 to 7.5.
• compositions L and L' were prepared: Component L Active Ingredients (wt%) L' Active Ingredients (wt%) Mg linear dodecyl benzene sulfonate [Mg(LDBS)2]11.5 9.6 9.6 Alkyl polyglycoside1) 6.0 6.0 C12-C16 alkyl ether sulfate (1E.O.) 11.8 11.8 Lauric/myristic monoethanolamide (LMMEA)/Sodium Xylene Sulfonate (SXS) (5:3 Blend) 2.0 2) 2.0 2) Ethanol (3A) 4.1 4.1 Sodium cumene sulfonate (SCS) 2.1 2.1 Disodium lauryl sulfosuccinate (Minarol LSS) 4.6 Disodium laureth (3EO) sulfosuccinate 1.5 MgSO4 ⁇ 7H2O 1.0 1.0 Monohydrogen ethylene diamine tetraacetate, trisodium salt (HEDTA) 0.1 0.1 NaCl
• compositions WJ' and WJ'' were prepared: WJ' Active Ingredient wt. % WJ'' Active Ingredient wt. % Na (LDBS) 10.0 10.0 APG 625 9.0 6.0 LMMEA/SXS (5:3) 1.6 1) 4.0 1) AEOS-1EO 14.0 14.0 Ethanol (3A) 0.5 1.3 SCS 0.9 0.9 MgSO4 ⁇ 7H2O 1.0 1.0 NaCl 1.0 1.0 HEDTA 0.1 0.1 Perfume 0.3 0.3 Colorant 0.1 0.1 0.1 Water, deionized q.s. to 100 q.s. to 100 1) Based on LMMEA
• compositions A-E were prepared in the same manner as compositions WJ' and WJ'' except that the amounts of APG-625 and LMMEA were changed as follows: A B C D E (wt %) APG-625 10.0 5.0 10.0 5.0 7.5 LMMEA 4.0 1.0 1.0 4.0 2.5
• compositions from Examples II and III were tested in the Shake-Foam Test, Shell Foam Test and Baumgartner grease (lard) removal test as described below.
• This test measures the ability of a diluted (1%) solution in 150 ppm hardness water to remove a greasy soil (lard) from a test surface (a cleaned glass slide 2.5 cm x 0.1 cm).
• the soil is applied by spreading about 0.2 to about 0.3 gram lard onto each cleaned glass slide.
• the soiled slides are cleaned in a 1% product solution by dipping the soiled slide into the solution 600 times.
• the solution is maintained at ambient temperature (75°F).
• the slides are dried in a desiccator for two hours.
• the difference in weight of the lard before and after the cleaning process is taken as a measure of grease removal, the greater the difference the more effective is the detergent composition.
• test solution An 0.04% concentration of the test solution in 250 ml of water (150 ppm hardness, 45°C) is filled into a water jacketed vessel with baffles and having a constant speed agitation (300 rpm mixing). Stirring is continued until the generated foam covers the entire surface of the test solution.
• a mixed soil (olive oil, milk, Crisco®, and potato buds) is slowly injected at a constant rate sufficient to uniformly disperse the soil below the surface of the solution. The soil interacts first with the surfactant in the solution until the surfactant is depleted and thereafter begins to deplete surfactant from the foam. The amount of soil (in grams) added until the foam quickly collapses is determined. The results (end point) are reported in Table 2 in grams.
• compositions WJ' and L had excellent rinsing characteristics as compared to Liquid Palmolive® and a commercial product containing a high level of magnesium for grease removal, but which is not believed to include any alkyl polyglucoside
• compositions A-E were statistically analyzed to identify main and interaction effects of LMMEA and APG on grease removal. Only LMMEA level was found to affect grease cleaning performance. All other formula factors (surfactants) did not significantly affect grease removal.
• Compositions A and D having 4% LMMEA, removed a high level of grease versus regular Liquid Palmolive® which would remove 25 to 30 mg of soil.
• Another leading commercial product containing a high level of magnesium for grease removal effectiveness would remove 120 mg of soil.
• the L and L' formulas also contain higher Mg levels and also remove more grease. These formulas are clinically milder than the commercial high Mg product.
• the product WJ'' containing 6% APG and 4% LMMEA which provided comparable grease removal performance to formulas A and D was clinically tested and found to be as mild as Liquid Palmolive®.
• compositions WJ' and WJ'' were both evaluated to have equal mildness to Liquid Palmolive® and superior mildness to the high Mg-containing commercial product.
• the surfactants which were tested were the sodium monolauryl sulfosuccinate used in L, the sodium monolauryl (3E.O.) sulfosuccinate used in L' (laureth), sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate, and mono-C16 alkyl sulfosuccinamate, monoethanolamine salt (ris). All of these surfactants were obtained from Rhone Poulenc (France).
• Grease cleaning results of the various sulfosuccinates tested at 0%, 1.5%, and 3% in the L formula (MgLAS) indicate all four sulfosuccinates produce a high and comparable level of baumgartner performance at all levels tested.
• the Dioctyl SS appears to give a peak in performance higher than the other materials at 1.5%.
• dioctyl sulfosuccinate is not believed to provide the same degree of mildness as the higher chain length alkyl esters.

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• 1992
  • 1992-04-08 AU AU14753/92A patent/AU661682B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1992-04-13 PT PT100381A patent/PT100381B/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1992-04-13 GR GR920100146A patent/GR1001299B/el unknown
  • 1992-04-13 MX MX9201702A patent/MX9201702A/es not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1992-04-13 PH PH44199A patent/PH31565A/en unknown
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  • 1992-04-14 HU HU9201274A patent/HU212050B/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1992-04-14 RO RO92-200515A patent/RO108359B1/ro unknown
  • 1992-04-14 JP JP4094178A patent/JPH05132699A/ja active Pending
  • 1992-04-14 FI FI921673A patent/FI921673A/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1992-04-14 NO NO921480A patent/NO300333B1/no unknown
  • 1992-04-14 CA CA002066009A patent/CA2066009A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1992-04-15 TR TR92/0326A patent/TR25951A/xx unknown
  • 1992-04-15 AT AT92201089T patent/ATE140259T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1992-04-15 CN CN92102658A patent/CN1067068A/zh active Pending
  • 1992-04-15 DE DE69212045T patent/DE69212045T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1992-04-15 EP EP92201089A patent/EP0509608B1/de not_active Revoked

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