EP0507970A1 - Eléments de construction pour la réalisation d'ouvrages - Google Patents

Eléments de construction pour la réalisation d'ouvrages Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0507970A1
EP0507970A1 EP91105512A EP91105512A EP0507970A1 EP 0507970 A1 EP0507970 A1 EP 0507970A1 EP 91105512 A EP91105512 A EP 91105512A EP 91105512 A EP91105512 A EP 91105512A EP 0507970 A1 EP0507970 A1 EP 0507970A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
walls
component set
building blocks
set according
wall
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP91105512A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ludwig Ispanky
Hansrudolf Voggler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to EP91105512A priority Critical patent/EP0507970A1/fr
Publication of EP0507970A1 publication Critical patent/EP0507970A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/16—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E04B2/18—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0206—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections of rectangular shape
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0243—Separate connectors or inserts, e.g. pegs, pins or keys
    • E04B2002/0247—Strips or bars

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a set of components for the production of buildings, consisting of blocks with a rectangular cross-section and end walls adjoining the cross-sectional edges at right angles, as well as projections and recesses arranged on two opposite module walls, which are shaped for engagement in corresponding, inversely formed projections and recesses of spatially adjacent modules are.
  • a generic building block for the construction of walls which consists of a solid, central, block-shaped block on which plates are arranged on two opposite outer sides in the vertical and lateral direction. These have a greater length and height than the outer sides to which they are attached. It is thereby achieved that when a wall is erected, cavities form between the building blocks arranged next to one another and one above the other, which can subsequently be filled with mortar.
  • the known block has the disadvantage that the thermal insulation value of the wall is very low because of the butt joints also particularly wide and filled with porous, thus highly heat-permeable mortar, and further that due to the small number of available block shapes there is little creative freedom. In addition, subsequent routing or slitting is required for the installation of installation lines.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a set of components for the production of buildings, which avoids the disadvantages mentioned and allows further application options and greater creative freedom in the manufacture of buildings.
  • the solution according to the invention is based on a generic set of components and consists in that the building blocks consist of a flat or curved walls completely surrounding on all sides in two directions and at least one outer wall placed on at least one of these walls and integrally connected to it same area dimensioning as this wall, but this is arranged to protrude or set back by an offset dimension at the front and / or cross-sectional edges.
  • the configuration of the component set and its building blocks according to the invention ensures that the walls erected therewith have a high thermal insulation value because the butt joints are very narrow and are provided on the outside with a joint cover.
  • Another joint cover in the form of tongues which engage in grooves can also be used.
  • the walls are very stable even when they are are not connected to each other with mortar or other adhesive, so that they are also suitable for the temporary and easily removable construction of smaller structures such as trade fair and market stands, emergency accommodation, emergency beds, partitions or film and theater backdrops and the rapid erection of solid structures such as Garages, garden houses, factory halls, apartment buildings etc. are suitable.
  • a first advantageous embodiment can be seen from the fact that the offset dimension has a different offset amount at the front edges and / or at the cross-sectional edges of the modules. Due to the different offset amount, the joint coverage can be flexibly adapted to the requirements.
  • a further expedient design of the building blocks is that the projecting walls connected to the recessed outer walls have incisions in the area of the cross-sectional edges, the depth of which corresponds to the offset dimension.
  • the incisions in the protruding walls make it possible to arrange the blocks laterally offset or rotated adjacent to one another, while maintaining the joint cover.
  • a preferred embodiment of the building blocks is that the building blocks are dimensioned in their longitudinal extent, delimited by end walls, according to a single or multiple of a grid dimension which corresponds to the building block width Direction of the end wall corresponds.
  • the block dimensions in the direction of the walls are in an integer ratio, which makes the construction of structures from components according to the invention particularly advantageous, since the dimensions of the blocks are matched to one another.
  • the building blocks are provided with a longitudinal extension of more than one grid dimension with incisions at right angles to the cross-sectional edges in the protruding walls connected with recessed outer walls at intervals determined by the grid dimension, the depth of which corresponds to the offset dimension corresponds if the incisions have a width of at least the thickness of the end walls of the building blocks, if the incisions correspond in spacing from one another to the grid dimension, or if the projecting walls connected to the recessed outer walls in the region of the end walls correspond to the offset dimension of the Outer walls are recessed in a width of the end walls, since this means that the building blocks can also be brought into engagement in a form-fitting and flush manner, offset or twisted.
  • the building blocks are further configured such that the walls and the outer walls of the building blocks have flat surfaces that run parallel to one another. This training results in geometrically simple and versatile forms of building blocks.
  • Another advantageous embodiment of the building blocks according to the invention can be that the walls and the outer walls of the building blocks are curved and of the same size Have radial spacing. With building blocks after this training, it is possible to build structures with curved wall surfaces.
  • a simplification of the assembly of the building blocks or a more pleasing appearance can be achieved in that at least one of the edges of the building blocks is rounded.
  • the cavity is subdivided by at least one intermediate wall in a further embodiment, this results in a higher stability and strength of the building blocks or a simplification of their production technology.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the component set consists in that it contains building blocks with flat or curved walls and lengths of a single or a multiple of a grid dimension, as well as cover plates and / or flat and profiled end plates. These basic elements can be used to create most of the usual structures.
  • a first advantageous embodiment consists in that the blocks are dimensioned in their longitudinal extent limited by their end walls according to the simple grid dimension, which corresponds to the block width in the direction of the end wall.
  • These short basic modules have a square base.
  • the blocks are dimensioned in their longitudinal extent limited by their end walls after a multiple of the grid dimension, which corresponds to the block width in the direction of the end wall.
  • the base of these long basic building blocks is therefore rectangular in shape.
  • building blocks with a longitudinal extension of at least twice the grid dimension for the right-angled or oblique-angled wall connection to the walls and outer walls are attached at one or both sides to the outside or at right-angled angles have a rigidly connected block with the single or multiple of a grid dimension, and that the laterally attached blocks are provided with one or more features of claims 1 to 12.
  • These building blocks can be used as branching stones for wall mounting to the right or left to add a wall that is adjacent to another wall.
  • Other such building blocks can be angular, the base of which has the shape of an "L" and with which it is possible to erect a wall leading around a corner.
  • cover plates are designed in the form of a "U" profile, the longitudinal dimension being measured in multiples and the transverse dimension in the simple dimension of the grid.
  • the tops of the upwardly open building blocks can be covered to form a smooth surface, which is particularly expedient if the wall formed from the building blocks does not reach a ceiling and is to be closed at the top.
  • a first practical design of the end plates can be that the flat end plates are designed in the form of a "T", the width of the base of the "T” according to the width of the end wall, the height of the "T” according to the height of the building blocks and the Width of the upper part of the "T” after the Grid dimensions are dimensioned.
  • a second useful embodiment can be that the profiled end plates are designed in the form of a U-profile, the transverse extent being dimensioned according to the simple grid dimension and the longitudinal extent according to the height of the building blocks, and the top surface of the "U" on one side being an extension having.
  • the end walls of the building blocks can be covered, as a result of which the protrusions or recesses set back from the end walls and the outer walls are covered to a smooth surface, which is particularly expedient on the end face of a wall formed from the building blocks, which does not adhere another wall adjoins.
  • a favorable design of the building blocks according to the invention can consist in the building blocks consisting of individual module elements forming their wall structures, which are rigidly connected to one another by means of connecting elements. Building blocks that can be assembled in this way from individual parts permit transport that takes up little space and can be produced quickly and flexibly on site using simple means.
  • a second modified solution to the problem consists in the fact that at least one outer surface of the walls of the building blocks has at least one groove running from top to bottom, into which a tongue which simultaneously engages in a similar groove of an adjacent building block can be inserted.
  • the tongue which can be inserted into the groove formed by two adjacent building blocks, provides a joint covering of the butt joint of building blocks arranged next to one another.
  • the blocks can be on their front or long sides, depending on their Use and their installation location in a building, have one or more grooves to enable joint sealing to the adjacent building blocks.
  • the simplest form of the spring is in the form of a cuboid.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the spring is that it has an extension on at least one end region. This design has the advantage that the tongue inserted into the groove is held in the correct position on the module and cannot slide down.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the spring is that the spring has a stepped extension on one end region, which engages in an inversely stepped shape-matching recess of the spring adjoining upwards or downwards, and on the other end region a stepped recess into which a shape-matching extension engages a spring adjoining downwards or upwards.
  • the tongue and the groove can furthermore be designed such that the tongue has at least one of the two end regions in each case a projection facing the two adjacent building blocks, forming a protrusion or a recessed shoulder, with which they protrude into correspondingly profiled recesses in the grooves of the adjacent building blocks intervention.
  • This design also has the advantage that the tongue inserted into the groove is held in the correct position on the module and cannot slide downward.
  • a third modified solution to the problem is that the components have a self-contained, rectangular peripheral wall plan and that on one edge of the peripheral wall at least one peripheral projection and in the other edge of the peripheral wall there are at least one peripheral recess, so are formed so that the projection of each of the components fits into the recess of each other of the components.
  • the building blocks according to this invention have the advantage of covering the joints of building blocks arranged one above the other.
  • a preferred embodiment of these modules can be that the lengths of the side walls forming the peripheral wall are dimensioned according to a single or multiple of a grid dimension which corresponds to the module width in the direction of the shortest peripheral wall, or that the circumferential projection has interruptions, the width of which is double Wall thickness of the recessed peripheral wall is.
  • These modules can also be put together or rotated.
  • the component set according to the invention can be made from a wide variety of materials, for example from plastics such as PVC or plexiglass, concrete casting, press plates or flame-retardant or fire-resistant building materials.
  • the large number of components which can be combined with one another in almost unlimited variety, allows a high degree of creative freedom. Furthermore, flush, smooth surfaces without protruding parts are achieved, which can be painted as required, covered with plaster, additional insulation and / or wallpaper.
  • the cavity in the wall Can be filled with concrete, plastics or other material, especially insulating material, and is also suitable for laying installation lines (water, sewage, heating, electricity, telephone, TV, radio) without the need for subsequent milling or tapping slots.
  • Other standardized components such as ready-to-install doors and windows, boards, cladding, floor panels, beams, electrical and sanitary systems can be included in the system.
  • Fig. 1 shows a block with a simple pitch R according to the invention. It consists of flat walls 2 and end walls 7, which laterally surround a cavity 1 which is open in two directions, and two attached, integrally connected outer walls 3 of the same area dimension as the walls 2, but opposite them by an offset dimension x on the end edges 4 and cross-sectional edges 5 projecting or set back.
  • the staggered arrangement of the outer walls 3 ensures that the joint formed by adjacent building blocks is covered by the outer walls 3 both in the case of modules arranged one above the other and next to one another.
  • the protruding projections formed by the offset engage in recessed paragraphs of the adjacent one when the building blocks are assembled Building blocks, whereby the blocks are fixed in their relative position to each other.
  • the longitudinal extension L of the module is dimensioned according to the simple grid dimension R, which corresponds to the module width B.
  • Fig. 2 shows a block with a double pitch R in the longitudinal extent L.
  • the protruding walls 2 have incisions 6, the depth of which corresponds to the offset dimension x, and are arranged at intervals A determined by the pitch R.
  • the width b of the incisions 6 is twice the thickness d of the end walls 7. The incisions 6 make it possible to arrange the blocks laterally offset or rotated adjacent to one another, the joint covering being retained by the outer walls 7.
  • Fig. 2 also shows a cover plate 25, a flat end plate 26 in the form of a T and a profiled end plate 27 in the form of a U-profile with an extension 9.
  • a cover plate 25 a flat end plate 26 in the form of a T
  • a profiled end plate 27 in the form of a U-profile with an extension 9.
  • FIG. 3 shows a module according to FIG. 2 with triple grid dimension R in the longitudinal extent L.
  • the distances of the incisions 6 are arranged in their spacing from one another in accordance with the grid dimension R.
  • Fig. 4 shows the same as Fig. 3 for a block with four times the dimension R in the longitudinal extension L.
  • Fig. 5 shows a branch stone for wall mounting to the right
  • Fig. 6 for wall mounting to the left. Both are formed by the one-piece connection of a module according to FIGS. 1 and 3.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 show the same as FIGS. 5 and 6, but for branching stones which are each made up of one block. 1 and 4 are formed.
  • FIGS. 9 and 10 show further branching stones, which according to building blocks. 2 and 4 are formed.
  • Fig. 11 shows an angular block, which according to. 2 and 3, and Fig. 12 the same in a modified embodiment.
  • the intermediate wall 8 is recessed and the cavity 1 is not divided.
  • the lower module is a module according to Fig. 4, and on this a block which is laterally offset by twice the grid dimension R is placed.
  • the end wall 7 of the upper module engages in incisions 6 of the lower module, whereby the outer wall 3 of the upper module is in contact with the outer wall 3 of the lower module and the joint cover is provided by the between the walls 2 and outer walls 3 existing offset x is effected.
  • the incision width b is dimensioned such that a further block adjacent to this can be arranged next to the upper block.
  • the butt joint of the two abutting end plates 7 is then covered.
  • the walls 2 are provided with loops arranged offset from one another, which are held together by means of a bolt which runs through the loops which are joined into one another.
  • 16 and 17 show a modified design of the components.
  • 16 shows a short basic building block
  • FIG. 17 shows a long basic building block with a triple spacing R in the longitudinal extent L.
  • They consist of a peripheral wall 20 which surrounds a cavity 1 which is open in two directions and which has a circumferential projection 21 on the upper side and on the lower side has a circumferential recess 22 which is formed so that the projection 21 of another component fits into it.
  • the circumferential projection 21 has interruptions 23, the width of which is equal to twice the wall thickness of the recessed peripheral wall 20 and which correspond to the incisions 6.
  • the 16 and 17 also show an embodiment of the grooves 11 and tongues 12 according to the invention.
  • the grooves 11 are, as required, at the locations of the outer surfaces of the building blocks which adjoin other building blocks.
  • the spring 12 is designed as a cuboid.
  • FIG. 18 shows the formation of a spring 12 with two extensions 13 at the end regions, and FIG. 19 in one Section through the associated groove 11 of the component, the installation position of this spring 12.
  • This spring 12 is, in contrast to the spring 12 acc. 16 and 17, fixed in their vertical position.
  • a covering of the butt joint of adjacent springs 12 is formed in accordance with an embodiment of the spring 12.
  • Fig. 20 achieved, which has a stepped extension 13 at both ends.
  • 21 shows a section through a modified spring 12, which has an extension 15 facing the two adjacent components at the upper end region and forming a protrusion 15.
  • the groove 11 has a corresponding recess 18 for receiving the extension 17.
  • FIG. 22 and 23 show the same as Fig. 17 for a block with double (Fig. 22) or triple (Fig. 23) pitch R in the longitudinal extension L with a formation of the grooves acc. 19 for springs 12 acc. Fig. 18.
  • the tongue 12 has a stepped extension 13 at one end region and a corresponding recess 14 at the other end region and two extensions 17 each forming a protrusion 15, which engage in corresponding recesses 18 in the groove.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
EP91105512A 1991-04-08 1991-04-08 Eléments de construction pour la réalisation d'ouvrages Withdrawn EP0507970A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP91105512A EP0507970A1 (fr) 1991-04-08 1991-04-08 Eléments de construction pour la réalisation d'ouvrages

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP91105512A EP0507970A1 (fr) 1991-04-08 1991-04-08 Eléments de construction pour la réalisation d'ouvrages

Publications (1)

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EP0507970A1 true EP0507970A1 (fr) 1992-10-14

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EP91105512A Withdrawn EP0507970A1 (fr) 1991-04-08 1991-04-08 Eléments de construction pour la réalisation d'ouvrages

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19822233A1 (de) * 1998-05-07 1999-11-11 Mueller Holtz Christoph Bauverfahren mit Schalkästen
NL1028818C2 (nl) * 2005-04-20 2006-10-23 Robert Johannes Katers Stelsel van blokken, alsmede blokken, tussenstukken en hulpstukken.
US7712281B2 (en) 2003-01-09 2010-05-11 Allan Block Corporation Interlocking building block
GB2583152A (en) * 2019-10-04 2020-10-21 Patel Rahul Stackable block
WO2024052667A1 (fr) * 2022-09-06 2024-03-14 Quick Block Limited Bloc de construction

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1072942A (fr) * 1953-03-13 1954-09-16 éléments préfabriqués destinés à la construction de maisons et analogues
CH347630A (de) * 1960-12-13 1960-07-15 Kym Hans Satz von Bauelementen
GB1169831A (en) * 1967-03-23 1969-11-05 Joseph Day Building Blocks
DE1912429A1 (de) * 1968-03-25 1970-08-27 Joos Marie Madeleine Baublock und mit diesem Block herzustellende Baukonstruktion
DE1948534A1 (de) * 1969-05-16 1971-01-21 Zeebrugge Forges Sa Elemente und Verfahren zur Bildung von Gefugen fuer die Ausruestung von Raeumen,sowie derart ausgeruestete Raeume
AU423407B2 (en) * 1969-01-22 1972-04-18 Top Hat Builders Pty. Ltd An improved building block
EP0001360A1 (fr) * 1977-09-23 1979-04-04 Insulock Corporation Bloc de construction et constructions réalisées à l'aide d'un tel bloc
WO1980002301A1 (fr) * 1979-04-23 1980-10-30 Interbloc Masonry Units Ltd Bloc de construction ameliore et structures formees avec celui-ci
FR2588900A1 (fr) * 1985-10-22 1987-04-24 Giovannini Francesco Procede pour batir les parois d'elements de construction et de batiments et blocs de construction pour la realisation de ce procede
WO1990008239A1 (fr) * 1989-01-18 1990-07-26 Ludwig Ispanky Systeme de construction modulaire

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1072942A (fr) * 1953-03-13 1954-09-16 éléments préfabriqués destinés à la construction de maisons et analogues
CH347630A (de) * 1960-12-13 1960-07-15 Kym Hans Satz von Bauelementen
GB1169831A (en) * 1967-03-23 1969-11-05 Joseph Day Building Blocks
DE1912429A1 (de) * 1968-03-25 1970-08-27 Joos Marie Madeleine Baublock und mit diesem Block herzustellende Baukonstruktion
AU423407B2 (en) * 1969-01-22 1972-04-18 Top Hat Builders Pty. Ltd An improved building block
DE1948534A1 (de) * 1969-05-16 1971-01-21 Zeebrugge Forges Sa Elemente und Verfahren zur Bildung von Gefugen fuer die Ausruestung von Raeumen,sowie derart ausgeruestete Raeume
EP0001360A1 (fr) * 1977-09-23 1979-04-04 Insulock Corporation Bloc de construction et constructions réalisées à l'aide d'un tel bloc
WO1980002301A1 (fr) * 1979-04-23 1980-10-30 Interbloc Masonry Units Ltd Bloc de construction ameliore et structures formees avec celui-ci
FR2588900A1 (fr) * 1985-10-22 1987-04-24 Giovannini Francesco Procede pour batir les parois d'elements de construction et de batiments et blocs de construction pour la realisation de ce procede
WO1990008239A1 (fr) * 1989-01-18 1990-07-26 Ludwig Ispanky Systeme de construction modulaire

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19822233A1 (de) * 1998-05-07 1999-11-11 Mueller Holtz Christoph Bauverfahren mit Schalkästen
US7712281B2 (en) 2003-01-09 2010-05-11 Allan Block Corporation Interlocking building block
NL1028818C2 (nl) * 2005-04-20 2006-10-23 Robert Johannes Katers Stelsel van blokken, alsmede blokken, tussenstukken en hulpstukken.
GB2583152A (en) * 2019-10-04 2020-10-21 Patel Rahul Stackable block
GB2583152B (en) * 2019-10-04 2021-06-09 Patel Rahul Stackable block
WO2024052667A1 (fr) * 2022-09-06 2024-03-14 Quick Block Limited Bloc de construction

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