EP0496043B1 - Pôele de chauffage pour combustibles solides - Google Patents

Pôele de chauffage pour combustibles solides Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0496043B1
EP0496043B1 EP91118262A EP91118262A EP0496043B1 EP 0496043 B1 EP0496043 B1 EP 0496043B1 EP 91118262 A EP91118262 A EP 91118262A EP 91118262 A EP91118262 A EP 91118262A EP 0496043 B1 EP0496043 B1 EP 0496043B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
base
air supply
heating stove
accordance
grate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91118262A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0496043A1 (fr
Inventor
Reinhard Schmidt
Johannes Frese
Siegfried Imöhl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Olsberger Huette Hermann Everken & Co GmbH
Original Assignee
Olsberger Huette Hermann Everken & Co GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Olsberger Huette Hermann Everken & Co GmbH filed Critical Olsberger Huette Hermann Everken & Co GmbH
Publication of EP0496043A1 publication Critical patent/EP0496043A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0496043B1 publication Critical patent/EP0496043B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N3/00—Regulating air supply or draught
    • F23N3/007—Regulating air supply or draught using mechanical means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
    • F24B1/00—Stoves or ranges
    • F24B1/02—Closed stoves
    • F24B1/028—Closed stoves with means for regulating combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
    • F24B5/00—Combustion-air or flue-gas circulation in or around stoves or ranges
    • F24B5/02—Combustion-air or flue-gas circulation in or around stoves or ranges in or around stoves
    • F24B5/021—Combustion-air or flue-gas circulation in or around stoves or ranges in or around stoves combustion-air circulation
    • F24B5/023—Supply of primary air for combustion

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heating stove operated with solid fuels such as wood, in particular a stove, according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • a downwardly movable floor acts via an extension on one arm of a balance beam, over the other arm thereof, and an extension, a rotatably mounted rod and a further extension to pivot an air supply duct-associated flap into its closed position if the fuel weight falls below a certain value.
  • the flap can only occupy two positions in this heating furnace, namely in addition to the closed position mentioned, an open position in which the channel is fully open. The flap is moved to the open position by opening the combustion chamber door using a lever system.
  • the known heating furnace has the disadvantage that continuous regulation of the passage cross section of the air supply channel as a function of the fuel weight is not possible.
  • the air supply duct is completely open during the entire combustion process and is only completely closed at the end of the combustion process when the remaining fuel falls below a certain minimum weight.
  • the air supply in this heater is therefore always at a maximum, so that on the one hand the combustion takes place very quickly and on the other hand optimal and environmentally friendly combustion is not possible, especially even in low-load operation.
  • a Another disadvantage of the known heating furnace is that the mechanism for controlling the passage opening of the air supply duct is mechanically complex, requires maintenance and requires a considerable amount of space.
  • this known heating furnace has the disadvantage that the combustion residues remain on the floor and therefore influence the control of the air flap.
  • the control is thus dependent on the amount of residue that varies depending on the fuel, so that depending on the setting there is a risk that the furnace will not close at all or too soon. In the first case, the furnace cools down, while in the second case there is a risk of flue gas explosions.
  • the invention has for its object to develop a heating furnace of the type mentioned in such a way that continuous and safe control of the air supply is possible, the mechanism taking up as little space as possible and should be mechanically inexpensive.
  • the closure arrangement or the closure arrangements move synchronously with the floor containing the grate, which enables a continuous regulation of the air supply through the air supply opening or air supply openings and thereby optimizes the combustion during the entire combustion process.
  • the air supply opening is fully open, so that a maximum amount of air is supplied, while after the firing process the air supply opening is completely closed, so that the heating furnace cannot cool down due to drafts.
  • a space-consuming and mechanically complex weighing device can also be dispensed with.
  • the dependence of the throttling of the air supply on the burnup is non-linear.
  • closure arrangement closes completely after a certain amount of erosion, because this ensures optimal control of the air supply.
  • Manually controllable additional air supply openings are also to be provided, for example in order to be able to provide a constant amount of additional air during heating or with certain fuels.
  • a structurally particularly simple and very reliable practical embodiment is characterized by claim 7.
  • an oven housing 23 made of chrome-nickel steel sheet has an essentially trapezoidal horizontal cross section and is provided with a rectangular front opening 33 in the upper region.
  • the housing 23 is laterally and rearally insulated by rock wool mats 35, which are only shown in FIG. 1.
  • the furnace housing 23 encloses a combustion chamber 13 which opens at the top into a smoke vent opening 11, to which a hood 12 connects, which has a connection piece 36 for a furnace tube at the top, rear or side.
  • the front opening 33 is closed by a combustion chamber door 37 which can be pivoted about a hinge 38 with a vertical axis in order to either close the front opening 33 or open it for filling fuel 21.
  • the front surface of the combustion chamber door 37 is designed as a fire-resistant glass pane 39.
  • This air is also used to maintain the combustion.
  • an air supply duct 14 running perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 1, which on its side facing the combustion chamber 13 by an air sedative e.g. is closed by a wire mesh 70 and serves to evenly distribute air into the combustion chamber 13 from the outside.
  • the floor 17 of the combustion chamber 13 which adjoins the front wall 46 of the furnace housing 23 via a ramp 45 which rises obliquely to the lower edge of the front opening.
  • the base 17 Around its central area, the base 17 has a square or round opening 47 which is closed by a removable or fold-out grate 18 which rests on holding projections 48 of the base 17.
  • the frame parts 49 provided by the ramp 45, laterally and rearward, and the grate 18 lie on support rods 50, which are shown in plan view in FIG. 2 and of which only the rear left rod 50 is shown in FIG. 1.
  • the vertical bars 50 are e.g. through holes 52 in the upper stop plate 25 and 53 in the lower stop plate 51.
  • the rods 50 act on a coil or disc spring via a cross pin 54.
  • the rods 50 act via their lower end, e.g. on leaf springs or on a lever system loaded by counterweights.
  • the aforementioned spring, weight or other forces allow a lowering of the base 17 corresponding to the fuel weight with the intermediate piece 57 and the closure flap 20.
  • Not all possible variants are to be explained in detail here; Therefore, only the solution shown in FIG. 1, in which the support rods 50 act on helical compression springs 24, is described in detail below.
  • a prestressed helical compression spring 24 which moves the associated rod 50 into an upper end position in which the transverse pin 54, which is on both sides of the Rod 50 protrudes from the bottom against the stop plate 25.
  • a cylindrical sheet metal jacket 28 is tightly attached, which in its lower area is arranged in a tightly arranged one there Hose 29 of corresponding diameter merges, which in turn is placed tightly around a cylindrical flange 56, which also has a corresponding diameter.
  • a transverse rail 58 extends over two diametrically opposed intermediate members 57 parallel to a base plate 27, which has a diameter corresponding to the cylindrical flange 56 and centrally has an air supply opening 15 and eccentrically an additional air supply opening 16.
  • the base plate lies on an elastic sealing ring 59 on a horizontal support plate 34, which is also shown in FIG. 2 and runs around a central rectangular opening 60 at the bottom of the furnace housing 23.
  • a horizontal circular closure flap 20 is fastened centrally via a bolt 61 with two nuts 62 locked against one another, which in the position shown, i.e. when the cross pins 54 abut against the stop plates 25 from below, the air supply opening 15 closes.
  • the additional air supply opening 16 is closed from below by a flap 31 or a slide which can be pivoted about a horizontal axis 63 and which can be actuated by the operator via a linkage 32 by means of a handle 64 from the front opening 33.
  • an ash box 26 Arranged within the cylindrical sheet metal jacket 28 is an ash box 26 which is concentric with it and whose diameter is slightly smaller than that of the circular opening 47 for the arrangement of the grate 18. In this way it is ensured that the ash pan 26 on the one hand with the grate 18 removed or folded up through the opening 47 can be removed at the top or set through this opening 47 and the ash falling through the grate 18 can fall into the ash receiving space 19 of the ash box 26.
  • the closed bottom 65 of the ash box 26 extends above the cross member 58, while its side walls at 66 still extend to the bottom plate 27 on which they rest, so as to support the ash box 26 on the bottom plate 27.
  • the areas 66 of the side walls of the ash pan 26 which extend below the floor 65 have corresponding cutouts which must also ensure the freedom of movement of the cross member 58 described below.
  • the grate opening 47, the ash pan 26 and the circular cylindrical sealing plate 28 have a common vertical central axis 30.
  • the stove works as follows:
  • the prestressing force of the correspondingly designed suspension springs 24 at the four corners of the furnace housing 23 is overcome and the bottom 17 presses it Support rods 50 together with further compression of the suspension springs 24 until the game 67 between the lower end of the rods 50 and the support plate 34 is overcome.
  • the flap 20 lifts from the lower edge of the air supply opening 15, so that there is an annular gap through which, according to the two dashed arrow lines in FIG. 1, outside air can enter the space delimited by the circular cylindrical plate 28, the hose 29 and the base plate 27.
  • the air passes through the cutouts described above in the bottom parts 66 of the walls of the ash pan 26 according to the dashed arrow lines in the space 68 between the ash pan 26 and the circular cylindrical plate 28 up to the grate 18, where the air is then dashed for the combustion of the indicated fuel 21 is available.
  • the linkage 32 can be moved downward by hand via the handle 64, whereby the flap 31 opens downward by pivoting about the axis 63 or a slide and releases the additional air supply opening 16, whereby further air enters the interior of the sealing plate 28 and for example, can be available for heating.
  • the grate 18 With increasing combustion, the grate 18 is relieved and ash also falls through the bars of the grate 18 in the direction of the dash-dotted arrow lines down into the ash box 26, whereby the bottom 17 is increasingly relieved until finally the force of the springs 24, counterweights or other components is sufficient to raise the bottom 17.
  • the bottom 17 When the amount of fuel 21 falls below a certain amount, the bottom 17 finally assumes the uppermost position shown in FIG. 1, in which the air supply opening 15 in the bottom plate 27 is completely closed.
  • the fuel 21 is burned, the throttling of the air supply at the air supply opening 15 increases steadily, so that the amount of air available for combustion is optimized at every moment.
  • the entire arrangement can easily be lifted up from the support rods 50 out of the base 17 and the parts attached to it up to the base plate 27 and can be removed or inserted through the front opening 33 with the door 37 open.
  • the lower part of the interior of the furnace housing 23 (FIG. 2) is fully accessible and can be cleaned, for example with the aid of a vacuum cleaner, of ash or other impurities located on the support plate 34.
  • any repair work on the base receiving part of the furnace can be carried out without any assembly and disassembly.
  • the furnace housing preferably has height-adjustable feet 69.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Poêle de chauffage exploité avec des combustibles solides tels que du bois, en particulier poêle de cheminée, avec un espace de combustion (13) débouchant latéralement ou en haut dans une extraction de fumée (11) avec amenée d'air (14, 15, 16, 22), avec, au moins, une ouverture d'amenée d'air (15), commandée au moyen d'un agencement d'obturation (20), à ouvrir, ou partiellement ou en totalité susceptible d'être fermée, l'agencement d'obturation (20) étant actionné automatiquement en fonction du poids de combustible se trouvant sur le fond (17), de telle sorte, que lors de combustible (21) non consumé, l'agencement d'obturation (20) ouvre au maximum, et, lors de combustible (21) complètement consumé, est fermé, et le fond (17) dans l'enveloppe de poêle (29) étant agencé translatable vers le bas à l'encontre d'une force (24), et, avec l'agencement d'obturation ou bien les agencements d'obturation (20), qui est, ou bien sont, associé(s) avec l'ouverture d'amenée d'air ou bien les ouvertures d'amenée d'air commandée(s), étant couplé mécaniquement de telle sorte, que l'agencement d'obturation (20) ou les agencements d'obturation (20), lors de fond (17) se trouvant dans la position de butée (25) supérieure, est ou bien sont fermé(s), et, lors de quantité de combustible prévue introduite, est ou bien sont complètement ouvert(s), caractérisé en ce que, dans le fond du poêle de chauffage, une grille (18) extrayable est agencée, en ce que, sous la grille (18), se trouve un espace de réception de cendre (19) et au moins une partie de l'amenée d'air (15, 16), et en ce que le ou les agencement(s) d'obturation (20) est ou bien sont relié(s) en une unité constitutive, par l'intermédiaire d'organes intermédiaires mécaniques (28, 57, 58, 61, 62), avec le fond (17), de sorte que le ou les agencement(s) d'obturation se meut, ou bien se meuvent, en synchronisme avec le fond, de sorte que, constamment, est amenée au combustible (21) justement la quantité d'air requise pour une combustion optimale.
  2. Poêle de chauffage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la dépendance de l'étranglement de l'amenée d'air de la combustion est non linéaire, de telle sorte que l'accroissement de l'étranglement au cours de l'opération de combustion est devenu plus grand qu'au commencement de celle-ci.
  3. Poêle de chauffage selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'agencement d'obturation (20) ferme complètement l'ouverture d'amenée d'air (15) associée, ou bien les ouvertures d'amenée d'air associées, après venue en dessous d'un poids de combustible déterminé.
  4. Poêle de chauffage selon une des précédentes revendications, caractérisé en ce que, en dehors du ou bien des ouverture(s) d'amenée d'air (15) commandables par l'agencement d'obturation (20), encore au moins une autre ouverture d'amenée d'air (14, 22) ouverte en permanence est prévue.
  5. Poêle de chauffage selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que l'amenée d'air (14, 22) ouverte en permanence se trouve au-dessus du fond (17).
  6. Poêle de chauffage selon une des précédentes revendications, caractérisé en ce qu'au-dessous du fond (17), une ou plusieurs ouverture(s) d'amenée d'air additionnel (16), à fermer ou à ouvrir complètement ou partiellement à la main, sont prévues.
  7. Poêle de chauffage selon une des précédentes revendications, caractérisé en ce que le fond (17) contenant la grille 18 est agencé translatable vers le bas, dans l'enveloppe de poêle (23) contre une force de ressort, de poids, ou une autre force semblable (24), et est maintenu, par la force (24) prénommée, dans une position de butée (25) supérieure, continuellement, jusqu'à ce que la quantité de combustible à introduire sur le fond (17) soit versée, après quoi, le fond (17) s'abaisse dans sa position inférieure, en ce que l'ouverture d'amenée (15) commandée, ou bien les ouvertures d'amenée d'air commandées, sont prévues dans une plaque de fond (27), qui est agencée au-dessous du fond, et en ce que le fond (17) est couplé mécaniquement avec un volet d'obturation (20) ou plusieurs volets d'obturation associé(s) à l'ouverture d'amenée d'air (15) commandée ou bien aux ouvertures d'amenée d'air commandées de telle sorte, que le volet d'obturation (20) ou les volets d'obturation (20), lors de fond (17) se trouvant dans la position de butée (25) supérieure, est ou sont fermé(s), et, lors de quantité de combustible à fournir versée, est ou sont complètement ouvert(s), et, aussi, lors de combustion croissante, se meut ou se meuvent de façon croissante en direction de fermeture, jusqu'à ce qu'il(s), après venue en dessous d'un poids de combustible déterminé, soit ou soient à nouveau fermé(s).
  8. Poêle de chauffage selon une des précédentes revendications, caractérisé en ce qu'au-dessous de la grille (18), est agencé un cendrier (26), qui ne s'appuie pas au fond (17).
  9. Poêle de chauffage selon les revendications 7 et 8, caractérisé en ce que le cendrier (26) s'appuie directement sur une plaque de fond (27) reliée fixe avec l'enveloppe de poêle (23), dans la région inférieure de l'enveloppe de poêle (23).
  10. Poêle de chauffage selon une des revendications 7 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le cendrier (26) est constitué comme un pot agencé au-dessous de la grille (18) et est entouré par un cylindre (28) adjoint, étanche à l'air, en bas, au fond (17), tout autour de la grille (18), qui, en bas, par l'intermédiaire d'une liaison télescopique étanche à l'air ou par l'intermédiaire d'un tuyau souple (29) à l'épreuve du feu, est relié étanche à l'air avec la plaque de fond (27) de telle sorte, que la capacité de translation verticale du fond (17) est garantie.
  11. Poêle de chauffage selon une des revendications 7 à 10, caractérisé en ce que, dans la plaque de fond (27), l'ouverture d'amenée d'air additionnel (16) est prévue, qui est actionnable, par un volet d'échauffement ou bien de choix de combustible (31) ou un coulisseau, par l'intermédiaire d'un mécanisme (32) actionnable à la main.
  12. Poêle de chauffage selon une des revendications 7 à 11, caractérisé en ce que le fond (17), avec la grille (18) ainsi que la plaque de fond (27) et les éléments constitutifs fixés à celle-ci, est constitué extrayable hors de l'enveloppe de poêle (23), à travers l'ouverture frontale (33).
  13. Poêle de chauffage selon une des précédentes revendications, caractérisé en ce que la grille (18) est agencée repliable vers le haut dans le fond (17).
  14. Poêle de chauffage selon une des revendications 10 à 13, caractérisé en ce qu'un rail transversal (58) s'étend parallèle à la plaque de fond (27), de l'extrémité inférieure du cylindre (28) constitué comme enveloppe de tôle, par l'intermédiaire de deux organes intermédiaires (57) se trouvant diamétralement à l'opposé.
EP91118262A 1991-01-21 1991-10-25 Pôele de chauffage pour combustibles solides Expired - Lifetime EP0496043B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4101631 1991-01-21
DE4101631A DE4101631A1 (de) 1991-01-21 1991-01-21 Mit festen brennstoffen betriebener heizofen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0496043A1 EP0496043A1 (fr) 1992-07-29
EP0496043B1 true EP0496043B1 (fr) 1995-01-25

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91118262A Expired - Lifetime EP0496043B1 (fr) 1991-01-21 1991-10-25 Pôele de chauffage pour combustibles solides

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EP (1) EP0496043B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4101631A1 (fr)

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CH698018B1 (de) * 2005-01-19 2009-04-30 Gaan Gmbh Holzofen mit Zuluftsteuerung.
CN101598347B (zh) * 2009-07-18 2011-05-04 刘明 生物质全燃烧高效低排暖炊炉
EP2455666A1 (fr) 2010-11-17 2012-05-23 József Simkó Four de cheminée doté d'un degré d'action amélioré
DE202011051990U1 (de) 2011-11-16 2012-01-18 Lars Betzner Kaminofen mit verbessertem Wirkungsgrad
DE102013104598B4 (de) * 2013-05-06 2019-02-21 Hochschule Karlsruhe Kleinfeuerungsanlage mit diskontinuierlicher Brennstoffzufuhr und Verfahren zur Ermittlung einer Brennstoffmenge
CN105042643B (zh) * 2015-07-09 2017-10-17 石家庄中嘉采暖设备有限公司 一种集高温聚能环配风贮氧的环保采暖炉
CN105135484A (zh) * 2015-09-12 2015-12-09 新疆吾孜坦国际商贸有限公司 一种可做饭、供暖双层自动炉
CN105180216A (zh) * 2015-09-25 2015-12-23 天津九州中盛暖通设备制造有限公司 燃煤炉
CN105202584A (zh) * 2015-10-27 2015-12-30 哈尔滨天源工贸有限公司 全自动生物质燃烧供暖炉
CN105258164B (zh) * 2015-11-06 2018-10-12 景东节能气化柴灶科技有限公司 一种充分燃烧高效节能炉
FI130332B (fi) * 2019-12-13 2023-06-21 Harvia Finland Oy Tulisija ja menetelmä tulisijan toisioilman syötössä
CN114046540B (zh) * 2021-10-23 2022-09-20 盛火(湖北)农业科技有限公司 一种基于空气助燃的节能家用柴火灶装置及方法

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DE102406C (fr) *

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GB909978A (en) * 1960-02-23 1962-11-07 Thomas Charles Grove Improvements relating to domestic solid fuel grates and fireplaces
DE1917000U (de) * 1965-02-04 1965-06-03 Kueppersbusch Ofen, herd od. dgl. mit zufuehrung der verbrennungsluft von oben in den fuellschacht und von unten durch den rost.
DE8706650U1 (de) * 1987-02-18 1987-07-16 Brunner, Ulrich, 8382 Arnstorf Feuerungsofen mit einer automatischen Steuerung der Verbrennungsluftzufuhr
AT396719B (de) * 1987-06-22 1993-11-25 Erwin Trummer Ges M B H & Co K Vorrichtung zur regelung der verbrennungsluftzufuhr bei einem ofen

Patent Citations (1)

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DE102406C (fr) *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0496043A1 (fr) 1992-07-29
DE59104415D1 (de) 1995-03-09
DE4101631A1 (de) 1992-07-23

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