EP0489292B1 - Method of glazing earthenware and porcelain - Google Patents
Method of glazing earthenware and porcelain Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0489292B1 EP0489292B1 EP91119514A EP91119514A EP0489292B1 EP 0489292 B1 EP0489292 B1 EP 0489292B1 EP 91119514 A EP91119514 A EP 91119514A EP 91119514 A EP91119514 A EP 91119514A EP 0489292 B1 EP0489292 B1 EP 0489292B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- glazing
- glaze
- movement
- pot
- glazed
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C3/00—Apparatus in which the work is brought into contact with a bulk quantity of liquid or other fluent material
- B05C3/02—Apparatus in which the work is brought into contact with a bulk quantity of liquid or other fluent material the work being immersed in the liquid or other fluent material
- B05C3/09—Apparatus in which the work is brought into contact with a bulk quantity of liquid or other fluent material the work being immersed in the liquid or other fluent material for treating separate articles
- B05C3/10—Apparatus in which the work is brought into contact with a bulk quantity of liquid or other fluent material the work being immersed in the liquid or other fluent material for treating separate articles the articles being moved through the liquid or other fluent material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/04—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers
- B28B11/044—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers with glaze or engobe or enamel or varnish
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/04—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers
- B28B11/045—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers by dipping
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for glazing pottery and porcelain in the form of hollow crockery such as bowls, pots, cans or the like, using a device with at least one glazing station, which at least one holding the goods to be glazed by suction on the floor Has glaze pot, the interior of which is at least partially filled with glazing material and which is rotatable about its axis and can be pivoted in the direction of a glazing bath for at least partial immersion in it and away from it.
- the machine described therein includes, among other things, a glaze station with a workpiece holder which has at least one glaze pot on which the goods to be glazed are held with their base by means of suction .
- the at least one glaze pot of the workpiece holder in the glaze station is movable in such a way that it can rotate about its own axis and at the same time is pivoted into a glaze bath into which the material is at least partially immersed and then swiveled out of the glaze bath.
- This pivoting movement of the glaze pot is limited by the mechanical arrangement on the workpiece holder and on the support arm in the glaze station to an angular range of less than 180 °, for example to about 120 °.
- Such a machine works for glazing flatware, like plate or the like, satisfactory.
- DE-A-37 39 602 discloses a method and a device for glazing ceramic hollow bodies.
- An immersion glazing process of the hollow body is carried out in which the material to be glazed is completely immersed in the glaze mass in the glazing bath and pulled through it in the fully immersed state.
- the bottom side of the hollow body is first immersed in the glaze bath only by executing a pivoting movement, and the bottom side is also first of all removed from the glaze bath. Splashing of glaze and the generation of flows should be avoided, which would impede a uniform glaze distribution during the passage of the hollow body to be glazed through the glazing bath in the fully immersed state.
- the immersion depth of the material to be glazed in the glazing bath can be varied in a vertical direction by means of a leverage effect and the hollow body can be brought into a position outside the glazing bath after the glazing process, depending on its size, in such a way that it can be put back in without being immersed in the glazing bath its starting position can be pivoted back with the carrier.
- the swivel arm and its connection with the support are also fully immersed in the glaze bath.
- the hollow body to be glazed is not rotated about its own axis at all. A high-quality and uniform glaze application cannot be achieved with this method and this device.
- the invention aims to provide a method for glazing pottery and porcelain in the form of hollow crockery using a device of the generic type, which allows a uniform glaze application for hollow crockery items in a reliable manner in a fully automatic manner while overcoming the difficulties described above.
- a method for glazing pottery and porcelain in the form of hollow ware such as bowls, pots, cans or the like. provided, which is specified in claim 1.
- the glaze pot is thus partly in the glaze mass in a further spatial movement axis, ie in a direction perpendicular to the glazing bath level or essentially in the vertical direction by means of a corresponding drive and guide device in addition to the pivoting and rotating movement during the glazing process immersed in the glazing bath.
- this additional movement in a further axial direction ensures that the goods to be glazed, which are held in place by suction on the glaze pot, during an essentially linear movement in the vertical direction, it can be partially replaced from the glazing bath, but the deep walls of the material to be glazed can be reliably wetted with the glaze in the glazing bath and a uniform glaze application over the outer and inner walls of the goods to be glazed is achieved with a bulbous formation of the goods. If necessary, the glaze mass can run from a position of the glazed good pivoted about 180 ° and drain the excess glaze mass into the glazing bath.
- the design is such that the glaze pot, starting from a receiving position in which the material to be glazed is transferred to the glaze pot and is arranged with the opening upwards vertically above the pivot axis, while passing through a glazing position in the glazing bath is immersed, and then pivoted to an angle of about 180 °.
- the swivel angle range for the glaze pot is significantly expanded.
- the material held and glazed on the glaze pot can be moved in a substantially perpendicular arrangement to the glazing bath level.
- the path for the vertical movement of the glaze pot is variable and can be adapted to the depth of the item to be glazed and / or the specific shape of the item.
- the glaze pot with the material facing the glazing bath to be glazed is moved linearly back and forth in the direction approximately perpendicular to the glazing bath level.
- the goods to be glazed and the glaze pot holding them can be given a substantially straight and vertical movement.
- An additional vertical up-and-down movement is preferably carried out on the material that has emerged from the glazing bath.
- different forms of movement are possible in the glaze pot in connection with the method according to the invention, since with a corresponding combination and coordination of the degrees of freedom of movement, a three-axis form of movement of the glaze pot and the goods held there and to be glazed can be realized.
- the movement speed and the movement path of the up and down movement of the glaze pot perpendicular to the glazing bath level are preferably regulated.
- the rotary movement of the glaze pot about its own axis and the pivoting movement and / or the vertical up and down movement of the glaze pot are well-matched to one another, so that even with complicated clay and porcelain goods with undercuts and . Like. reliably receives an even glaze application on the entire surface of the goods to be glazed.
- the rotary movement of the glaze pot about its axis and the pivoting movement and / or the vertical up and down movement are preferably controlled separately from one another, so that the movement of the glaze pot can be controlled in an almost universal manner.
- the glaze pot is attached to a workpiece holder
- the workpiece holder is preferably moved together with the glaze pot and the material to be glazed in the direction approximately perpendicular to the glazing bath level.
- the workpiece holder becomes linear assigned in the vertical direction, which carries the overall arrangement comprising the workpiece holder, the glaze pot, the material to be glazed and held by the glaze pot and the drive devices for the movements of the glaze pot and / or the workpiece holder.
- a method is thus provided with a glaze station for a machine for glazing earthenware and porcelain, in which the material to be glazed is moved separately on an additional further movement axis or in combination with the swiveling and rotating movement of the glaze pot.
- FIG. 1 shows as an example a machine for glazing pottery and porcelain, generally designated 1, which is designed and designed such that three parts 2 to be glazed can be treated and processed per station.
- A the feed area is shown, which among other things has a centering station 3. Further details thereof are given in DE-A-38 15 822.
- the goods to be glazed like the parts 2 to be glazed, are introduced into the centering station 3 as shown by an arrow in FIG. 1. After being centered in the centering station 3, the parts 2 to be glazed are transferred to a glazing station 5 with the aid of assigned suction cups 4. Further details of the glazing station 5 are explained in more detail in particular with reference to FIG. 2.
- a discharge area C which is designed in the same or similar way as shown in DE-A-38 15 822 and can comprise a sponge belt 8 that the foot or bottom parts of the glazed good are put on, with a suction rotary drive device 7, the suction cups 6 are rotated together with the good held by them, around the foot or bottom area of the glazed good for the purpose of a subsequent treatment of glaze to free.
- This rotary movement is illustrated by arrows in the glazed parts 9 in the discharge area C.
- a preferred embodiment of a glazing station 5 is explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
- a workpiece holder 10 is arranged, which is attached to a carriage 11, which can be moved up and down along a straight guide 12.
- a glaze pot 13 is mounted on the workpiece holder 10 so as to be rotatable about its own axis and pivotably about an essentially horizontal axis. Further details regarding the drive devices and the bearings can be found in DE-A-38 15 822.
- 14 with a motor is designated, which gives the glaze pot 13 a rotary movement about its axis.
- 15 with a motor is designated, the glaze pot 13 a pivoting movement issued about a direction shown approximately horizontally in Fig. 1.
- a reciprocatingly movable and up and down movable suction arrangement 16 which according to FIG. 1 comprises at least three suction devices, the goods previously centered in the centering station 3 and to be glazed (see part 2 to be glazed on the top of the glaze pot 13 ) with the opening pointing vertically above the swivel axis.
- the interior of the glaze bowl 13 is at least partially filled with glaze mass.
- the glaze mass which forms a glaze bath with a corresponding glaze bath level 18, is located in a glaze pan 17.
- the arrangement of the workpiece holder 10, glaze pot 13 and part 2 to be glazed is perpendicular to the plane formed by the glazing bath mirror 18, ie in FIG. 2 in a substantially vertical direction, preferably in a straight line - and moved, as shown by a double arrow in Fig.2.
- the part 2 to be glazed is immersed more or less deeply in the glaze mass in the glaze pan 17.
- the glaze pot 13 is rotated in the partially submerged state about its own axis with the help of the motor 14.
- the immersion depth of the part 2 to be glazed in the glazing bath in the glaze trough 17 is selected accordingly by coordinating the movement path of the slide 11 so that the part 2 to be glazed is substantially completely and uniformly wetted with the glaze mass, but is not completely immersed in the glaze mass .
- the speed of rotation of the glaze pot 13 about its axis and the pivoting speed and / or the pivoting angle and the pivoting movement sequence can be coordinated and controlled separately or in combination with one another.
- the glaze pot 13 is then moved out of the glaze bath in the glaze pan 17 together with the part which is now glazed and held thereon, swiveled back and then finally returned to the starting position. With the aid of the suction arrangement 16, the now glazed part is then transferred to the discharge area C in FIG. 1 and then deposited there.
- three glaze pots 13 are arranged in a row one behind the other in the preferred preferred embodiment. According to FIG. 1, these three glaze pots 13 are assigned three suction cup arrangements 16, which can be combined to form a suction cup unit. Of course, more than three or fewer than three suction device arrangements 16 and suction devices 4 and correspondingly assigned devices of the machine 1 can also be provided. A number of at least two is preferred. Depending on the desired output of the machine 1, a rotary table arrangement can also be selected, as is shown in DE-A-38 15 822. The glazing station is then modified in accordance with the details given above so that the movement options for the glaze pot 13 are obtained in accordance with the glazing station 5.
- the movements of the glaze pot 13 can be controlled separately from one another or can also be controlled in a correspondingly combined manner.
- This almost universal control option for the movements of the glaze pot 13 enables a well-specific coordination of the movements of the glaze pot 13.
- the properties of the glaze mass to be applied such as its viscosity and the like, can also be used in the control sequence. Find consideration.
- the glaze pot 13 is pivoted by at least 180 ° and / or is moved up and down in a direction essentially perpendicular to the glazing bath level 18.
- These forms of movement of the glaze pot 13 in the glazing station 5 can also be realized by means of a combined universal drive if necessary.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
- Specific Conveyance Elements (AREA)
- Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zum Glasieren von Ton- und Porzellanwaren in Form von Hohlgeschirr wie Schüsseln, Töpfen, Dosen o.dgl., unter Verwendung einer Vorichtung mit wenigstens einer Glasierstation, die wenigstens einen das zu glasierende Gut mittels Saugwirkung am Boden haltenden Glasurtopf aufweist, dessen Innenraum wenigstens teilweise mit Glasiermassegefüllt ist und der um seine Achse drehbar und in Richtung auf ein Glasierbad zum wenigstens teilweisen Eintauchen in dasselbe und von diesem weg schwenkbar ist.The invention relates to a method for glazing pottery and porcelain in the form of hollow crockery such as bowls, pots, cans or the like, using a device with at least one glazing station, which at least one holding the goods to be glazed by suction on the floor Has glaze pot, the interior of which is at least partially filled with glazing material and which is rotatable about its axis and can be pivoted in the direction of a glazing bath for at least partial immersion in it and away from it.
Aus der eigenen DE-A-38 15 822, veröffentlicht am 23. November 1989, sind eine Maschine zum Glasieren von Ton- und Porzellanwaren und ein Werkstückhalter hierfür bekannt. Zum Aufbringen einer gleichmäßigen Glasur auf den Ton- und Porzellanwaren ohne Glasurläufer bei einer automatischen Durchführung der Glasierarbeiten umfaßt die dort beschriebene Maschine u.a. eine Glasurstation mit einem Werkstückhalter, der wenigstens einen Glasurtopf aufweist, an dem das zu glasierende Gut mit seinem Boden mittels Saugwirkung gehalten ist. Der wenigstens eine Glasurtopf des Werkstückhalters in der Glasurstation ist so bewegbar, daß er eine Drehbewegung um seine eigene Achse ausführen kann und zugleich in ein Glasurbad geschwenkt, in das das Gut wenigstens teilweise eingetaucht wird, und dann wieder aus dem Glasierbad herausgeschwenkt wird. Diese Schwenkbewegung des Glasurtopfs ist durch die mechanische Anordnung am Werkstückhalter und an dem Tragarm in der Glasurstation auf einen Winkelbereich von kleiner 180°, beispielsweise auf etwa 120° begrenzt. Eine solche Maschine arbeitet zum Glasieren von Flachgeschirr, wie Teller o.dgl., Zufriedenstellend. Es hat sich aber gezeigt, daß bei Hohlgeschirr, d.h. bei solchen Ton- und Porzellanwaren, die eine relativ große Tiefe haben, oder bauchig ausgebildet sind, wie beispielsweise bei Schüsseln, Töpfen, Dosen, Suppenterrinen o.dgl., sich Schwierigkeiten bei einem gleichmäßigen Benetzen des Hohlgeschirrs beim Glasieren ergeben, da durch die Tiefe oder die bauchige Ausbildung des zu glasierenden Guts nur ein Eintauchen in das Glasierbad während der Schwenkbewegung nicht ausreicht.DE-A-38 15 822, published on November 23, 1989, discloses a machine for glazing pottery and porcelain and a workpiece holder therefor. To apply a uniform glaze to the earthenware and porcelain without glaze runner when the glazing work is carried out automatically, the machine described therein includes, among other things, a glaze station with a workpiece holder which has at least one glaze pot on which the goods to be glazed are held with their base by means of suction . The at least one glaze pot of the workpiece holder in the glaze station is movable in such a way that it can rotate about its own axis and at the same time is pivoted into a glaze bath into which the material is at least partially immersed and then swiveled out of the glaze bath. This pivoting movement of the glaze pot is limited by the mechanical arrangement on the workpiece holder and on the support arm in the glaze station to an angular range of less than 180 °, for example to about 120 °. Such a machine works for glazing flatware, like plate or the like, satisfactory. However, it has been found that in the case of hollow crockery, that is to say in the case of earthenware and porcelain which have a relatively large depth, or which are bulge-shaped, such as, for example, bowls, pots, cans, soup tureens or the like, difficulties arise with uniformity Wetting the hollow crockery during glazing results, since due to the depth or the bulbous design of the goods to be glazed, only immersing them in the glazing bath during the swiveling movement is not sufficient.
Aus der DE-A-37 39 602 sind ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Glasieren keramischer Hohlkörper bekannt. Hierbei wird ein Tauchglasiervorgang der Hohlkörper durchgeführt, bei dem das zu glasierende Gut vollständig in die Glasurmasse im Glasierbad eingetaucht und durch dasselbe im vollständig eingetauchten Zustand durchgezogen wird. Um Luft aus dem Innenraum des Hohlkörpers schnell entweichen zu lassen, wird der Hohlkörper mit der Bodenseite zuerst lediglich unter Ausführung einer Schwenkbewegung in das Glasurbad eingetaucht und er wird auch wieder mit der Bodenseite zuerst aus dem Glasurbad ausgetaucht. Hierbei soll ein Verspritzen von Glasur und die Erzeugung von Strömungen vermieden werden, die eine gleichmäßige Glasurverteilung während des Durchgangs des zu glasierenden Hohlkörpers durch das Glasierbad in vollständig eingetauchtem Zustand behindern würden. Mittels einer Hebelwirkung kann die Eintauchtiefe des zu glasierenden Guts in das Glasierbad in vertikaler Richtung variiert werden und es kann hierdurch der Hohlkörper nach dem Glasurvorgang je nach seiner Größe in eine Stellung außerhalb des Glasierbads derart gebracht werden, daß er ohne Eintauchen in das Glasierbad wieder in seine Ausgangsposition mit dem Träger zurückgeschwenkt werden kann. Der Schwenkarm und dessen Verbindung mit dem Träger tauchen hierbei völlig in das Glasurbad ebenfalls ein. Der zu glasierende Hohlkörper wird hierbei überhaupt nicht um seine eigene Achse gedreht. Ein hochwertiger und gleichmäßiger Glasurauftrag kann bei diesem Verfahren und dieser Vorrichtung nicht erreicht werden.DE-A-37 39 602 discloses a method and a device for glazing ceramic hollow bodies. An immersion glazing process of the hollow body is carried out in which the material to be glazed is completely immersed in the glaze mass in the glazing bath and pulled through it in the fully immersed state. In order to allow air to escape quickly from the interior of the hollow body, the bottom side of the hollow body is first immersed in the glaze bath only by executing a pivoting movement, and the bottom side is also first of all removed from the glaze bath. Splashing of glaze and the generation of flows should be avoided, which would impede a uniform glaze distribution during the passage of the hollow body to be glazed through the glazing bath in the fully immersed state. The immersion depth of the material to be glazed in the glazing bath can be varied in a vertical direction by means of a leverage effect and the hollow body can be brought into a position outside the glazing bath after the glazing process, depending on its size, in such a way that it can be put back in without being immersed in the glazing bath its starting position can be pivoted back with the carrier. The swivel arm and its connection with the support are also fully immersed in the glaze bath. The hollow body to be glazed is not rotated about its own axis at all. A high-quality and uniform glaze application cannot be achieved with this method and this device.
Die Erfindung zielt darauf ab, unter Überwindung der zuvor geschilderten Schwierigkeiten ein Verfahren zum Glasieren von Ton- und Porzellanwaren in Form von Hohlgeschirr unter Verwendung einer Vorrichtung der gattungsgemaßen Art bereitzustellen, die auf vollautomatische Weise einen gleichmässigen Glasurauftrag bei Hohlgeschirrgegenständen auf zuverlässige Weise erlaubt.The invention aims to provide a method for glazing pottery and porcelain in the form of hollow crockery using a device of the generic type, which allows a uniform glaze application for hollow crockery items in a reliable manner in a fully automatic manner while overcoming the difficulties described above.
Nach der Erfindung wird hierzu ein Verfahren zum Glasieren von Ton- und Porzellanwaren in Form von Hohlgeschirr, wie Schüsseln, Töpfen, Dosen o.dgl. bereitgestellt, welches im Patentanspruchs 1 angegeben ist.According to the invention, a method for glazing pottery and porcelain in the form of hollow ware, such as bowls, pots, cans or the like. provided, which is specified in claim 1.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird somit der Glasurtopf in einer weiteren Raumbewegungsachse, d.h. in eine Richtung senkrecht zum Glasierbadspie- gel oder im wesentlichen in vertikaler Richtung mittels einer entsprechenden Antriebs- und Führungseinrichtung zusätzlich zu der Schwenk- und Drehbewegung bei dem Glasiervorgang in teilweise in die Glasiermasse im Glasierbad eingetauchtem Zustand bewegt.In the method according to the invention, the glaze pot is thus partly in the glaze mass in a further spatial movement axis, ie in a direction perpendicular to the glazing bath level or essentially in the vertical direction by means of a corresponding drive and guide device in addition to the pivoting and rotating movement during the glazing process immersed in the glazing bath.
Bei Hohlgeschirr, wie Schüsseln o.dgl., das bauchig ausgebildet sein kann und eine relativ große Tiefe hat, wird durch diese zusätzliche Bewegung in einer weiteren Achsrichtung erzielt, daß das zu glasierende Gut, das mit seinem Boden mittels Saugwirkung am Glasurtopf gehalten ist, während einer im wesentlichen linearen Bewegung in senkrechter Richtung teilweise wieder aus dem Glasierbad zwar ausgetaucht werden kann, aber die in die Tiefe reichenden Wände des zu glasierenden Gutes zuverlässig mit der Glasur im Glasierbad benetzt werden können und ein gleichmäßiger Glasurauftrag über die Außen- und Innenwände des zu glasierenden Guts hinweg gerade bei einer bauchigen Ausbildung des Guts erzielt wird. Die Glasurmasse kann einer etwa um 180° geschwenkten Stellung des glasierten Guts gegebenenfalls ablaufen und die überschüssige Glasurmasse in das Glasierbad abtropren. Vorzugsweise ist nach der Erfindung die Auslegung derart getroffen, daß der Glasurtopf, ausgehend von einer Aufnahmeposition, in der das zu glasierende Gut zu dem Glasiertopf übergeben wird und mit der Öffnung nach oben vertikal oberhalb der Schwenkachse angeordnet ist, unter Durchfahren einer Glasierstellung in das Glasierbad eingetaucht wird, und dann bis zu einem Winkel von etwa 180° geschwenkt wird. Bei dieser Auslegung wird somit der Schwenkwinkelbereich für den Glasurtopf wesentlich erweitert. Somit kann das an dem Glasurtopf gehaltene und glasierte Gut in einer im wesentlichen senkrechten Anordnung zum Glasierbadspiegel bewegt werden. Der Weg für die senkrechte Bewegung des Glasurtopfs ist variabel und läßt sich auf die Tiefe des jeweils zu glasierenden Guts und/oder die spezielle Formgestaltung desselben abstimmen.In the case of hollow crockery, such as bowls or the like, which can be bulbous and has a relatively large depth, this additional movement in a further axial direction ensures that the goods to be glazed, which are held in place by suction on the glaze pot, during an essentially linear movement in the vertical direction, it can be partially replaced from the glazing bath, but the deep walls of the material to be glazed can be reliably wetted with the glaze in the glazing bath and a uniform glaze application over the outer and inner walls of the goods to be glazed is achieved with a bulbous formation of the goods. If necessary, the glaze mass can run from a position of the glazed good pivoted about 180 ° and drain the excess glaze mass into the glazing bath. Preferably, according to the invention, the design is such that the glaze pot, starting from a receiving position in which the material to be glazed is transferred to the glaze pot and is arranged with the opening upwards vertically above the pivot axis, while passing through a glazing position in the glazing bath is immersed, and then pivoted to an angle of about 180 °. With this design, the swivel angle range for the glaze pot is significantly expanded. Thus, the material held and glazed on the glaze pot can be moved in a substantially perpendicular arrangement to the glazing bath level. The path for the vertical movement of the glaze pot is variable and can be adapted to the depth of the item to be glazed and / or the specific shape of the item.
Vorzugsweise wird der Glasurtopf mit dem zum Glasierbad weisenden, zu glasierenden Gut in die etwa senkrecht zum Glasierbadspiegel weisende Richtung linear hin- und hergehend bewegt. Hierdurch kann dem zu glasierenden Gut und dem Glasurtopf, der dieses hält, eine im wesentlichen geradlinige und senkrechte Bewegung erteilt werden.Preferably, the glaze pot with the material facing the glazing bath to be glazed is moved linearly back and forth in the direction approximately perpendicular to the glazing bath level. As a result, the goods to be glazed and the glaze pot holding them can be given a substantially straight and vertical movement.
Vorzugsweise wird eine zusätzlich senkrechte Auf- und Abbewegung bei aus dem Glasierbad ausgetauchtem Gut durchgeführt. Abweichend hiervon sind natürlich unterschiedliche Bewegungsformen bei dem Glasurtopf in Verbindung mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren möglich, da man bei entsprechender Kombination und Abstimmung der Bewegungsfreiheitsgrade eine dreiachsige Bewegungsform des Glasurtopfs und des daran gehaltenen und zu glasierenden Guts verwirklichen kann. Vorzugsweise wird die Bewegungsgeschwindigkeit sowie der Bewegungsweg der senkrecht zu dem Glasierbadspiegel erfolgenden Auf- und Abbewegung des Glasurtopfs geregelt.An additional vertical up-and-down movement is preferably carried out on the material that has emerged from the glazing bath. Deviating from this, of course, different forms of movement are possible in the glaze pot in connection with the method according to the invention, since with a corresponding combination and coordination of the degrees of freedom of movement, a three-axis form of movement of the glaze pot and the goods held there and to be glazed can be realized. The movement speed and the movement path of the up and down movement of the glaze pot perpendicular to the glazing bath level are preferably regulated.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltungsform des Verfahrens nach der Erfindung werden die Drehbewegung des Glasurtopfs um seine eigene Achse und die Schwenkbewegung und/oder die senkrechte Auf- und Abbewegung des Glasurtopfs gutspezifisch aufeinander abgestimmt, so daß man auch bei kompliziert ausgestalteten Ton- und Porzellanwaren mit Hinterschneidungen u.dgl. zuverlässig einen gleichmäßigen Glasurauftrag auf den gesamten zu glasierenden Flächen des Guts erhält.According to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, the rotary movement of the glaze pot about its own axis and the pivoting movement and / or the vertical up and down movement of the glaze pot are well-matched to one another, so that even with complicated clay and porcelain goods with undercuts and . Like. reliably receives an even glaze application on the entire surface of the goods to be glazed.
Vorzugsweise werden die Drehbewegung des Glasurtopfs um seine Achse und die Schwenkbewegung und/oder die senkrechte Auf- und Abbewegung gesondert voneinander gesteuert, so daß die Bewegung des Glasurtopfs auf nahezu universelle Weise gesteuert werden kann.The rotary movement of the glaze pot about its axis and the pivoting movement and / or the vertical up and down movement are preferably controlled separately from one another, so that the movement of the glaze pot can be controlled in an almost universal manner.
Wenn gemäß einer weiteren Ausgestaltungsform des Verfahrens der Glasurtopf an einem Werkstückhalter angebracht ist, wird vorzugsweise der Werkstückhalter zu sammen mit dem Glasurtopf und dem zu glasierenden Gut in die etwa senkrecht zum Glasierbadspiegel weisende Richtung bewegt. In diesem Fall wird dem Werkstückhalter ein linear in senkrechter Richtung geführter Schlitten zugeordnet, welcher die Gesamtanordnung umfassend den Werkstückhalter, den Glasurtopf, das von dem Glasurtopf gehaltene und zu glasierende Gut und die Antriebseinrichtungen für die Bewegungen des Glasurtopfs und/oder des Werkstückhalters trägt.If, according to a further embodiment of the method, the glaze pot is attached to a workpiece holder, the workpiece holder is preferably moved together with the glaze pot and the material to be glazed in the direction approximately perpendicular to the glazing bath level. In this case, the workpiece holder becomes linear assigned in the vertical direction, which carries the overall arrangement comprising the workpiece holder, the glaze pot, the material to be glazed and held by the glaze pot and the drive devices for the movements of the glaze pot and / or the workpiece holder.
Beim erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird somit ein Verfahren mit einer Glasurstation für eine Maschine zum Glasieren von Ton- und Porzellanwaren bereitgestellt, bei dem das zu glasierende Gut auf einer zusätzlichen weiteren Bewegungsachse gesondert oder in Kombination mit der Schwenk- und Drehbewegung des Glasurtopfs bewegt wird. Hierdurch können auch tiefe Ton- und Porzellanwaren, die auch bauchig ausgelegt sein können, vollautomatisch mit Hilfe eines solchen Verfahrens gleichmäßig und qualitativ hochwertig mit einem Glasurauftrag versehen werden.In the method according to the invention, a method is thus provided with a glaze station for a machine for glazing earthenware and porcelain, in which the material to be glazed is moved separately on an additional further movement axis or in combination with the swiveling and rotating movement of the glaze pot. As a result, even deep clay and porcelain goods, which can also be designed with a bulbous design, can be provided fully automatically with a glaze application with the aid of such a method and of high quality.
Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügte Zeichnung näher erläutert. Darin zeigt:
- Fig. 1
- eine schematische Draufsicht einer Ausführungsform einer Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens zum Glasieren von Ton- und Porzellanwaren nach der Erfindung, und
- Fig. 2
- eine Seitenansicht einer Detaildarstellung des Bereichs der Glasierstation.
- Fig. 1
- is a schematic plan view of an embodiment of an apparatus for performing the method for glazing pottery and porcelain according to the invention, and
- Fig. 2
- a side view of a detailed view of the area of the glazing station.
In Fig. 1 ist als Beispiel eine insgesamt mit 1 bezeichnete Maschine zum Glasieren von Ton- und Porzellanwaren gezeigt, welche derart beschaffen und ausgelegt ist, daß drei zu glasierende Teile 2 pro Station behandelt und bearbeitet werden können. Mit A ist der Zufuhrbereich gezeigt, der u.a. eine Zentrierstation 3 aufweist. Nähere Einzelheiten derselben sind in der DE-A-38 15 822 angegeben. Das zu glasierende Gut, wie die zu glasierenden Teile 2, werden wie mit einem Pfeil in Fig. 1 dargestellt, in die Zentrierstation 3 eingebracht. Die zu glasierenden Teile 2 werden nach der Zentrierung in der Zentrierstation 3 mit Hilfe von zugeordneten Saugern 4 zu einer Glasierstation 5 übergeben. Nähere Einzelheiten der Glasierstation 5 werden insbesondere unter Bezugnahme auf Fig. 2 näher erläutert. Nach dem Glasieren in der Glasierstation 5 werden die Teile mit Hilfe von Saugern 6 zu einem Abführbereich C übergeben, der auf gleiche oder ähnliche Weise wie in der DE-A-38 15 822 gezeigt, ausgelegt ist, und ein Schwammband 8 umfassen kann, auf das die Fuß- oder Bodenteile des glasierten Guts aufgesetzt werden, wobei über eine Sauger-Drehantriebseinrichtung 7 die Sauger 6 zusammen mit dem von diesen gehaltenen Gut in Drehung versetzt werden, um den Fuß- oder den Bodenbereich des glasierten Guts zwecks einer späteren Nachbehandlung von Glasur zu befreien. Diese Drehbewegung ist mit Pfeilen in den glasierten Teilen 9 im Abführungsbereich C verdeutlicht.1 shows as an example a machine for glazing pottery and porcelain, generally designated 1, which is designed and designed such that three
Unter Bezugnahme auf die Fig. 1 und 2 wird nachstehend eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform einer Glasierstation 5 näher erläutert. In der Glasierstation 5 ist ein Werkstückhalter 10 angeordnet, der an einem Schlitten 11 angebracht ist, welcher längs einer Geradführung 12 auf- und abbeweglich ist. An dem Werkstückhalter 10 ist ein Glasurtopf 13 um seine eigene Achse drehbeweglich und um eine im wesentlichen horizontale Achse schwenkbeweglich gelagert. Die näheren Einzelheiten bezüglich der Antriebseinrichtungen und der Lagerungen lassen sich der DE-A-38 15 822 entnehmen. Mit 14 ist ein Motor bezeichnet, welcher dem Glasurtopf 13 eine Drehbewegung um seine Achse erteilt. Mit 15 ist ein Motor bezeichnet, der dem Glasurtopf 13 eine Schwenkbewegung um eine etwa horizontal in Fig. 1 gezeigte Richtung erteilt. Mit Hilfe einer hin- und hergehend beweglichen sowie auf- und abbeweglichen Saugeranordnung 16, die nach Fig. 1 wenigstens drei Sauger umfaßt, wird das zuvor in der Zentrierstation 3 zentrierte und zu glasierende Gut (siehe zu glasierendes Teil 2 auf der Oberseite des Glasurtopfs 13) mit der Öffnung nach oben weisend vertikal oberhalb der Schwenkachse abgesetzt. Der Innenraum des Glasurtpfs 13 ist wenigstens teilweise mit Glasurmasse gefüllt. Nach dem Absetzen des zu glasierenden Guts wird die Saugeranordnung 16 zurückgefahren, und der Glasurtopf 13 mit dem dort gehaltenen zu glasierenden Teil 2 wird um einen Winkelbereich von 180° in die in Fig. 2 unten dargestellte Position gedreht bzw. geschwenkt. In einer Glasurwanne 17 befindet sich die Glasurmasse, die ein Glasierbad mit einem entsprechenden Glasierbadspiegel 18 bildet. Mit Hilfe des Schlittens 11 und der Geradführung 12 sowie entsprechender Antriebseinrichtungen wird die Anordnung aus Werkstückhalter 10, Glasurtopf 13 und zu glasierenden Teil 2 senkrecht zu der vom Glasierbadspiegel 18 gebildeten Ebene, d.h. in Fig. 2 in eine im wesentlichen vertikale Richtung, vorzugsweise geradlinig auf- und abbewegt, wie dies mit einem Doppelpfeil in Fig.2 eingetragen ist. Hierdurch wird das zu glasierende Teil 2 mehr oder weniger tief in die Glasurmasse in der Glasurwanne 17 eingetaucht. Der Glasurtopf 13 wird im teilweise eingetauchten Zustand um seine eigene Achse mit Hilfe des Motors 14 drehangetrieben. Die Eintauchtiefe des zu glasierenden Teils 2 in das Glasierbad in der Glasurwanne 17 wird entsprechend unter Abstimmung des Bewegungsweges des Schlittens 11 so gewählt, daß das zu glasierende Teil 2 im wesentlichen vollständig und gleichmäßig mit der Glasurmasse benetzt wird aber nicht vollständig in die Glasurmasse eingetaucht ist. Zugleich können die Drehgeschwindigkeit des Glasurtopfs 13 um seine Achse sowie die Schwenkgeschwindigkeit und/oder der Schwenkwinkel und der Schwenkbewegungsablauf jeweils gesondert oder in Kombination miteinander abgestimmt und gesteuert werden. Nach der Behandlung im Glasierbad wird dann der Glasurtopf 13 zusammen mit dem an diesem gehaltenen nunmehr glasierten Teil aus dem Glasierbad in der Glasurwanne 17 herausgefahren, zurückgeschwenkt und dann schließlich wieder in die Ausgangsposition zurück- gebracht. Mit Hilfe der Saugeranordnung 16 wird dann das nunmehr glasierte Teil zu dem Abführbereich C in Fig. 1 übergeben und dann dort abgesetzt.A preferred embodiment of a
Obgleich in Fig. 2 nicht näher dargestellt ist, sind bei dem gewählten bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel drei Glasurtöpfe 13 in einer Reihe hintereinanderliegend angeordnet. Diesen drei Glasurtöpfen 13 sind entsprechend Fig. 1 drei Saugeranordnungen 16 zugeordnet, die zu einer Saugereinheit zusammengefaßt sein können. Natürlich können auch mehr als drei oder weniger als drei Saugeranordnungen 16 sowie Sauger 4 und entsprechend zugeordneten Einrichtungen der Maschine 1 vorgesehen sein. Eine Anzahl von mindestens zwei wird bevorzugt. In Abhängigkeit von der gewünschten Ausstoßleistung der Maschine 1 kann auch eine Rundtischanordnung gewählt werden, wie dies in der DE-A-38 15 822 gezeigt ist. Die Glasierstation wird dann entsprechend den voranstehend angegebenen Einzelheiten so abgeändert, daß man die Bewegungsmöglichkeiten für den Glasurtopf 13 entsprechend der Glasierstation 5 erhält.2, three
In Abhängigkeit von der der Maschine 1 zugeordneten Steuerung können die Bewegungen des Glasurtopfs 13 gesondert voneinander gesteuert oder auch in entsprechender kombinierter Weise gesteuert werden. Durch diese nahezu universelle Steuerungsmöglichkeit für die Bewegungen des Glasurtopfes 13 ist eine gutspezifische Abstimmung der Bewegungen des Glasurtopfs 13 möglich. Auch können bei dem Steuerungsablauf noch die Eigenschaften der aufzubringenden Glasurmasse, wie deren Viskosität u.dgl. Berücksichtigung finden.Depending on the control assigned to the machine 1, the movements of the
Insbesonder ist es beim Verfahren wesentlich, daß der Glasurtopf 13 um mindestens 180° verschwenkt und/oder in eine im wesentlichen senkrecht zum Glasierbadspiegel 18 weisende Richtung auf- und abbewegt wird. Diese Bewegungsformen des Glasurtopfes 13 in der Glasierstation 5 können auch mittels eines kombinierten Universalantriebs im Bedarfsfall verwirklicht werden.In particular, it is essential in the method that the
Claims (9)
- Process for the glazing of earthenware and porcelain goods in the form of hollow tableware such as bowls, pots, jars or similar, using a device with at least one glazing station (5) which has at least one glazing pot (13) holding the product to be glazed at the base by means of suction, the inside of which is at least partially filled with glaze composition and which is rotatable about its axis and swivellable in the direction of a glazing bath for at least partial immersion in the same and away from this, characterized in that the product to be glazed (2) held at the glaze pot (13) with the opening facing vertically upwards above the swivel axis is partially dipped into the glaze composition in the glazing bath while executing a swivel movement, is rotated at the same time about its axis in partially immersed position, and is moved adjustably by a vertical movement of the swivel axis into a direction pointing roughly perpendicular relative to the glazing bath surface (18) in combination with the swivel and rotating movement.
- Process according to claim 1, characterized in that the glazing pot (13) is swivelled about an angle range of approximately 180° starting from a receiving position.
- Process according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the glaze pot (13) with the product (2) to be glazed and pointing to the glazing bath is moved linearly up and down in the direction pointing approximately perpendicular relative to the glazing bath surface (18).
- Process according to claim 3, characterized in that a perpendicular up-and-down movement is additionally executed when product is essentially raised out of the glazing bath.
- Process according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the speed of movement of at least the up-and-down movement is regulated.
- Process according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotary movement of the glaze pot (13) about its axis and the swivel movement and/or the perpendicular up-and-down movement are controlled matched to each other in a product-specific manner.
- Process according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotary movement of the glaze pot (13) about its axis and the swivel movement and/or the perpendicular up-and-down movement are controlled separately from each other.
- Process according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that when the glaze pot (13) is arranged at a workpiece holder (10), the workpiece holder (10) is moved into the direction pointing essentially perpendicular relative to the glazing bath surface (18).
- Process according to claim 8, characterized in that, to execute the roughly perpendicular up-and-down movement, the workpiece holder (10) is moved along a slide (11) which is guided in a linearly movable manner by means of a straightline guide (12).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4038797A DE4038797A1 (en) | 1990-12-05 | 1990-12-05 | Hollow=porcelain glazing machine - moves suction pot with work at right angles to bath surface |
| DE4038797 | 1990-12-05 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0489292A1 EP0489292A1 (en) | 1992-06-10 |
| EP0489292B1 true EP0489292B1 (en) | 1994-06-29 |
Family
ID=6419656
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP91119514A Expired - Lifetime EP0489292B1 (en) | 1990-12-05 | 1991-11-15 | Method of glazing earthenware and porcelain |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5405649A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0489292B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP3192187B2 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE4038797A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2055513T3 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19810710A1 (en) * | 1998-03-12 | 1999-09-23 | Lippert Masch Stahlbau J | Method and installation for glazing hollow earthenware or porcelain objects |
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| DE4337219C2 (en) * | 1993-10-30 | 1995-08-17 | Zeidler Kg Maschf Heinrich | Method and device for glazing dishes, in particular cups, terrines, bowls and the like |
| DE19648341A1 (en) * | 1996-11-22 | 1998-05-28 | Lippert Masch Stahlbau J | Round table glazing machine |
| DE19652592A1 (en) * | 1996-12-18 | 1998-06-25 | Eisenmann Kg Maschbau | Hollow workpiece internal glazing jig used for internal glazing of toilet bowls of various designs |
| DE29915611U1 (en) | 1999-09-07 | 2000-02-24 | NSM Magnettechnik GmbH & Co. KG, 59399 Olfen | Transport device |
| DE10007700B4 (en) * | 2000-02-19 | 2006-06-01 | Sama Maschinenbau Gmbh | Apparatus and method for processing the edges of ceramic articles |
| CN101905978B (en) * | 2009-06-05 | 2012-05-02 | 黄学强 | Full-automatic glazing production line and full-automatic glazing process |
| CN103172407A (en) * | 2013-04-18 | 2013-06-26 | 广西北流市智宇陶瓷自动化设备有限公司 | Automatic dipping machine of ceramic product for daily use |
| CN104193410A (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2014-12-10 | 广西北流仲礼瓷业有限公司 | Ceramic outer surface glazing device |
| CN104326768A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2015-02-04 | 湖南双龙智创自动化设备有限公司 | Multi-station electroceramic glaze-dipping machine |
| CN108437172B (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2023-07-18 | 郑州科技学院 | Atomization glazing device and glazing method |
| CN108638310B (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2019-11-01 | 广东富大陶瓷文化发展股份有限公司 | A kind of glazing device for domestic ceramics processing |
| CN109366704B (en) * | 2018-12-01 | 2020-09-08 | 施仙增 | Glazing device for sanitary appliance |
| DE102019116461A1 (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2020-12-24 | Lippert Gmbh & Co. Kg | DIP GLAZING OF SANITARY CERAMICS |
| CN112405798A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-02-26 | 丽水学院 | Automatic glaze spraying equipment for Longquan celadon and glaze spraying process thereof |
| CN112390017A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-02-23 | 禹州市华龙钧窑有限公司 | Glaze dipping system for jun porcelain production and working method thereof |
| CN113715140A (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2021-11-30 | 吴继军 | Glazing device for processing domestic ceramics |
| CN113695176B (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-02-08 | 南通好得机械有限公司 | Antirust oil immersion equipment for producing mechanical parts |
| CN118143658B (en) * | 2024-05-13 | 2024-07-12 | 山西平定亮晶晶砂锅有限公司 | Automatic blank repairing machine |
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-
1990
- 1990-12-05 DE DE4038797A patent/DE4038797A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1991
- 1991-11-15 DE DE59102077T patent/DE59102077D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-11-15 ES ES91119514T patent/ES2055513T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-11-15 EP EP91119514A patent/EP0489292B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-12-04 JP JP32064091A patent/JP3192187B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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1993
- 1993-07-16 US US08/092,751 patent/US5405649A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19810710A1 (en) * | 1998-03-12 | 1999-09-23 | Lippert Masch Stahlbau J | Method and installation for glazing hollow earthenware or porcelain objects |
| DE19810710C2 (en) * | 1998-03-12 | 2000-04-13 | Lippert Masch Stahlbau J | Process for glazing clay or porcelain hollowware and installation for carrying out this process |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0489292A1 (en) | 1992-06-10 |
| JP3192187B2 (en) | 2001-07-23 |
| JPH04275990A (en) | 1992-10-01 |
| ES2055513T3 (en) | 1994-08-16 |
| DE59102077D1 (en) | 1994-08-04 |
| DE4038797A1 (en) | 1992-06-11 |
| US5405649A (en) | 1995-04-11 |
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