EP0464293B1 - Closed fire, stove or fireplace insert - Google Patents

Closed fire, stove or fireplace insert Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0464293B1
EP0464293B1 EP90402417A EP90402417A EP0464293B1 EP 0464293 B1 EP0464293 B1 EP 0464293B1 EP 90402417 A EP90402417 A EP 90402417A EP 90402417 A EP90402417 A EP 90402417A EP 0464293 B1 EP0464293 B1 EP 0464293B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hearth
stove
air
closed fire
combustion
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP90402417A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0464293A1 (en
Inventor
Clémentin Philippe
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Les Cheminees Philippe SA
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Les Cheminees Philippe SA
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Priority to AT90402417T priority Critical patent/ATE98008T1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
    • F24B5/00—Combustion-air or flue-gas circulation in or around stoves or ranges
    • F24B5/02—Combustion-air or flue-gas circulation in or around stoves or ranges in or around stoves
    • F24B5/021—Combustion-air or flue-gas circulation in or around stoves or ranges in or around stoves combustion-air circulation
    • F24B5/026—Supply of primary and secondary air for combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
    • F24B13/00—Details solely applicable to stoves or ranges burning solid fuels 
    • F24B13/004—Doors specially adapted for stoves or ranges

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a closed hearth, a stove or a fireplace insert. It will find its application in particular in the manufacturers of domestic heating equipment.
  • the heating rate of the closed hearth, stove or chimney insert is completely controlled by the adjustment of the primary air intake, i.e. the air intended for direct combustion and which is admitted under the hearth. Under these conditions, the closed hearth, the stove or the chimney insert present an excellent calorific output and their operation is carried out in complete safety since there is no risk of projections of incandescent sparks outside. fireplace.
  • French patent FR-A-2,617,270 describes a closed hearth at high temperature having an air intake at the front door, and on all its other faces, a layer of significant thermal insulation in order to allow operation. at high temperature.
  • the main object of the present invention is to present a closed hearth or a stove or a fireplace insert which has a front glass door, specially designed to be self-cleaning.
  • the closed hearth, stove or chimney insert of the present invention has a particular construction to benefit from an improved heating efficiency with combustion conditions reducing the emission of polluting fumes.
  • the implementation of the present invention does not require fundamental transformations in the method of construction of closed fireplaces, stoves or chimney inserts, which allows it to remain economical and competitive.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically in section a closed hearth equipped with a glass front door executed according to the present invention.
  • the present invention relates to a closed hearth, a stove or a fireplace insert. It mainly concerns manufacturers of heating equipment.
  • the invention relates to the operation of closed hearth heating appliances which have a glazed front door.
  • Such appliances offer many advantages over the traditional hearth fireplace. Indeed, its proper functioning is ensured and the closed hearth heating regime makes it possible to benefit from a high energy yield.
  • the spectacle of the flame being very sought after by the users, the manufacturers offer their equipment equipped with a glazed front door to combine the advantages of the closed hearth heating regime as well as the vision of the flame with in addition the presence of a security screen.
  • the best known technique consists in creating a whole series of orifices on the periphery of the glass through which a secondary air suction movement is created which results from the depression prevailing in the hearth of the fireplace. This technique has the disadvantage of being ineffective and of causing disturbances in combustion.
  • Some manufacturers also use a thermally insulated hearth to increase the combustion temperature, which has the effect of reducing polluting smoke emissions.
  • This efficient technique has the drawback, however, of bringing the combustion temperature within limits that are difficult to accept for the mechanical strength of the parts.
  • the infrared radiation is important and causes uncontrolled heating.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically in sectional view the internal architecture of a closed hearth (1) or the like connected to a smoke evacuation duct.
  • the closed hearth has a front door (3) closing a hearth (4) where the combustion of a hearth (5) is maintained above an ashtray (6).
  • combustion takes the form of wooden logs (7) supported by a grate (8).
  • the door (3) is glazed to allow users to benefit from the vision of the flame (5).
  • the hearth (4) is surmounted by a drain (9) through which the fumes resulting from the combustion of the hearth (5) escape.
  • the admission of combustion air in the form of a supply of primary and secondary preheated air takes place in such a way that a rotating movement is created as shown by the arrows (10). in the hearth (4) of the closed hearth (1).
  • This combination of preheating and gyratory movement has a very beneficial influence on combustion and in particular makes it possible to reduce the emission of toxic fumes and to avoid blackening of the front door window (3).
  • the primary air intake this is achieved through the front door (3) which has for this purpose double glazing (11 and 12).
  • Primary air is admitted at the base of the front door (3) as shown by the arrow (13). Primary air circulates between the panes (11 and 12) where it is preheated. Then the air opens at the upper part of the front door (3) through a slot as shown diagrammatically under the reference (14) in FIG. 1.
  • the control of the primary air intake can for example be carried out by means a valve (15) located at the air inlet (13) in the front door (3).
  • the primary air which opens at the top of the glass door (3) is oriented so that the air circulation is done by descending along the interior face of the glazing (12) as shown schematically by the arrows (16 ) of Figure 1. This creates a continuous curtain of clean air that prevents blackening of the glazing.
  • the secondary air intake made in the upper rear part of the chimney insert combined with the primary air intake located in the upper part of the front door (3) with a downward movement creates the rotating movement (10 ) very favorable to combustion.
  • the rotating movement (10) creates a mixing of the fumes which avoids the production of unburnt products.
  • preheated combustion air makes it possible to increase the combustion temperature above 350 ° C. to improve the heating efficiency and reduce the emission of polluting fumes.
  • the rear deflector (23) prevents secondary air from being directed directly to the duct (2) smoke evacuation. Its role is to direct the secondary air flow down the hearth (4).
  • the front deflector (22) maintains the rotary movement (10) and prevents the vortex from being directed towards the smoke exhaust duct (2).
  • the baffles (24 and 25) slow down the circulation of smoke (26).
  • the baffles (24 and 25) will be removable so that they can be cleaned.
  • Another advantage of the secondary air intake at the upper rear part of the hearth is that the combustion fumes are enriched with oxygen in an area close to the exhaust duct, which reduces unburnt.
  • the closed hearth (1) will be equipped with an auxiliary starting air intake circuit, located at the base of the hearth at the ashtray (6) as shown schematically by the arrows (27) in Figure 1.
  • the fireplace outlet (1) is advantageously fitted with a probe measuring the temperature levels of the combustion fumes. Below a certain critical threshold, the user is invited to refuel the fireplace to maintain a minimum operating temperature.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Electric Stoves And Ranges (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)
  • Baking, Grill, Roasting (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

The closed fire (1) is connected to a smoke exhaust pipe (2). It comprises a glazed front door (3) and a central hearth (4) where the combustion (5) is maintained by admission of primary (14) and secondary (19) air. According to the invention, the closed fire (1) comprises means for preheating and creating a turning movement (10) of the combustion air in the hearth (4). This makes it possible to raise the combustion temperature and to create a sweep of clean air facing the internal pane (12) of the front door (3) in order to avoid the latter blackening. The heating efficiency is improved with a reduced release of polluting smoke. The invention is of interest to manufacturers of heating apparatuses. <IMAGE>

Description

L'invention est relative à un foyer fermé, un poêle ou un insert de cheminée. Elle trouvera notamment son application chez les constructeurs de matériel de chauffage domestique.The invention relates to a closed hearth, a stove or a fireplace insert. It will find its application in particular in the manufacturers of domestic heating equipment.

L'emploi des foyers fermés, poêles ou inserts de cheminées s'est très largement généralisé ces dernières années en raison des commodités que ce type de chauffage procure. Ce sont des appareils de chauffage qui sont destinés à être raccordés à un conduit de cheminée pour permettre l'évacuation des fumées et qui disposent d'un âtre dans lequel on peut faire brûler différents combustibles solides, plus généralement des bûches de bois. L'avantage par rapport aux cheminées à âtre traditionnelles est que ce type d'appareil est construit par des fabricants qui ont déterminé tous les paramètres géométriques pour offrir des conditions de marche optimum. C'est ainsi, par exemple, que toutes les dimensions d'ouverture pour l'admission d'air et l'évacuation des fumées ont été déterminées pour offrir des conditions de marche idéales avec un bon tirage et sans refoulement des fumées.The use of closed fireplaces, stoves or chimney inserts has become very widespread in recent years due to the amenities that this type of heating provides. These are heating devices which are intended to be connected to a chimney flue to allow the evacuation of smoke and which have a hearth in which one can burn different solid fuels, more generally logs of wood. The advantage compared to traditional hearth fireplaces is that this type of device is built by manufacturers who have determined all the geometric parameters to provide optimum operating conditions. Thus, for example, all the opening dimensions for the air intake and the smoke evacuation have been determined to provide ideal operating conditions with good draft and without smoke discharge.

L'allure de chauffe du foyer fermé, du poêle ou de l'insert de cheminée est totalement contrôlée par le réglage de l'admission d'air primaire, c'est-à-dire l'air destiné à la combustion directe et qui est admis sous le foyer. Dans ces conditions, le foyer fermé, le poêle ou l'insert de cheminée présentent un excellent rendement calorifique et leur fonctionnement s'opère en toute sécurité puisqu'il n'y a pas de risque de projections d'étincelles incandescentes à l'extérieur du foyer.The heating rate of the closed hearth, stove or chimney insert is completely controlled by the adjustment of the primary air intake, i.e. the air intended for direct combustion and which is admitted under the hearth. Under these conditions, the closed hearth, the stove or the chimney insert present an excellent calorific output and their operation is carried out in complete safety since there is no risk of projections of incandescent sparks outside. fireplace.

Pour tenter de trouver une solution intermédiaire entre un fonctionnement agréable et un fonctionnement efficace, les constructeurs de foyers fermés, de poêles ou d'inserts de cheminées ont développé des portes frontales vitrées d'un seul tenant, de grandes dimensions pour équiper leurs matériels.In an attempt to find an intermediate solution between pleasant operation and efficient operation, manufacturers of closed fireplaces, stoves or chimney inserts have developed glass front doors in one piece, large in size to equip their equipment.

Lorsque la porte vitrée est mise en place, l'utilisateur conserve le spectacle de la flamme et bénéficie en outre de bonnes conditions de combustion. C'est pourquoi ce type d'insert rencontre un vif succès auprès de la clientèle.When the glass door is put in place, the user preserves the spectacle of the flame and also benefits from good combustion conditions. This is why this type of insert is very popular with customers.

Il apparaît malheureusement à l'usage que le vitrage de ces portes frontales a tendance à se noircir facilement en raison de l'encrassement occasionné par les dégagements de fumées émises lors de la combustion. Pour résoudre ce délicat problème, les constructeurs proposent différentes solutions plus ou moins efficaces. La plus connue consiste à tenter d'interposer une lame d'air propre entre le foyer et la vitre. Pour cela, il faut disposer tout autour de la vitre frontale des orifices d'admission d'air secondaire. En effet, le foyer a toujours tendance à être en dépression à cause de la combustion et par conséquent, on assiste à une circulation d'air secondaire aspiré à travers les orifices répartis autour de la vitre frontale. Cet air extérieur introduit est propre et par conséquent, ne macule pas la vitre.Unfortunately, it appears during use that the glazing of these front doors tends to blacken easily due to the fouling caused by the release of smoke emitted during combustion. To solve this delicate problem, manufacturers offer different more or less effective solutions. The best known is to try to interpose a blade of clean air between the fireplace and the glass. For this, it is necessary to have all around the front window of the secondary air intake openings. Indeed, the hearth always tends to be in depression because of combustion and consequently, one attends a circulation of secondary air sucked through the orifices distributed around the front window. This outside air is clean and therefore does not smudge the window.

Malheureusement, cette solution ne donne pas satisfaction et engendre des défauts. Tout d'abord, l'admission d'air secondaire mal contrôlée nuit à la bonne qualité de la combustion. Enfin, l'aspiration d'air à travers les orifices périphériques de la vitre n'a d'effet que sur la bordure de la vitre et est totalement inefficace en ce qui concerne sa partie centrale. Par ailleurs, l'admission d'air dépend de l'allure de chauffe, à bas régime l'appel d'air est faible et donc le dispositif est peu efficace, au contraire à haut régime, l'appel d'air est important mais l'admission d'air se fait principalement à cette allure à travers le circuit d'admission d'air primaire.Unfortunately, this solution is not satisfactory and generates defects. First, poorly controlled secondary air intake affects the quality of combustion. Finally, the suction of air through the peripheral orifices of the glass only has an effect on the edge of the glass and is completely ineffective with regard to its central part. Furthermore, the air intake depends on the heating rate, at low speed the air call is low and therefore the device is not very effective, on the contrary at high speed, the air call is important but the air intake is mainly done at this speed through the primary air intake circuit.

On connaît par exemple du brevet britannique GB-A-2.172.989 un appareil de chauffage présentant une admission d'air au niveau de la porte frontale, air qui traverse ensuite diagonalement l'âtre pour être évacué vers le conduit de cheminée par l'intermédiaire d'un orifice placé à la partie basse de la paroi arrière.For example, from British patent GB-A-2,172,989 there is known a heating appliance having an air intake at the front door, air which then crosses the hearth diagonally to be evacuated towards the chimney flue by the through an orifice placed at the lower part of the rear wall.

Le brevet français FR-A-2.617.270 décrit un foyer fermé à haute température présentant une admission d'air au niveau de la porte frontale, et sur toutes ses autres faces, une couche d'isolation thermique importante afin d'autoriser un fonctionnement à haute température.French patent FR-A-2,617,270 describes a closed hearth at high temperature having an air intake at the front door, and on all its other faces, a layer of significant thermal insulation in order to allow operation. at high temperature.

Des études ont également montré que les dégagements de fumées polluantes à l'origine du noircissement de la vitre frontale sont liés aux températures de combustion régnant dans l'âtre. En deça de 350°C, les dégagements de fumées polluantes sont très importants et l'on assiste également à la présence de nombreux imbrûlés qui affectent singulièrement le rendement de combustion.Studies have also shown that the emission of polluting fumes that cause the blackening of the front window is linked to the combustion temperatures prevailing in the hearth. Below 350 ° C, the emission of polluting fumes is very high and there is also the presence of many unburnt substances which singularly affect the combustion efficiency.

C'est pourquoi certains constructeurs proposent des appareils dont l'âtre est isolé thermiquement, ce qui a pour effet d'augmenter très sensiblement les températures de combustion et ainsi, la température du foyer peut s'élever jusqu'à 800°C. Le rendement de l'appareil est plus performant, toutefois on rencontre des problèmes de tenue mécanique des pièces qui doivent fonctionner dans des conditions extrêmes. A de telles températures, le rayonnement infra-rouge est important, d'où des échauffements mal contrôlés.This is why some manufacturers offer devices whose hearth is thermally insulated, which has the effect of very significantly increasing the temperatures of combustion and thus, the temperature of the hearth can rise up to 800 ° C. The performance of the device is more efficient, however there are problems with the mechanical strength of the parts which must operate under extreme conditions. At such temperatures, the infrared radiation is important, hence poorly controlled overheating.

Le but principal de la présente invention est de présenter un foyer fermé ou un poêle ou un insert de cheminée qui possède une porte frontale vitrée, spécialement conçue pour être autonettoyante. En outre, le foyer fermé, le poêle ou l'insert de cheminée de la présente invention dispose d'une construction particulière pour bénéficier d'un rendement de chauffe amélioré avec des conditions de combustion réduisant les émissions de fumées polluantes.The main object of the present invention is to present a closed hearth or a stove or a fireplace insert which has a front glass door, specially designed to be self-cleaning. In addition, the closed hearth, stove or chimney insert of the present invention has a particular construction to benefit from an improved heating efficiency with combustion conditions reducing the emission of polluting fumes.

Il faut également noter que ces avantages n'altèrent en rien l'esthétique du foyer fermé, du poêle ou de l'insert de cheminée qui conserve une grande porte frontale vitrée permettant de bénéficier d'une large vision du feu.It should also be noted that these advantages do not in any way alter the aesthetics of the closed hearth, the stove or the fireplace insert which retains a large glass front door allowing a broad view of the fire.

La mise en oeuvre de la présente invention ne requiert pas de transformations fondamentales dans le mode de construction des foyers fermés, des poêles ou des inserts de cheminée, ce qui lui permet de rester économique et compétitive.The implementation of the present invention does not require fundamental transformations in the method of construction of closed fireplaces, stoves or chimney inserts, which allows it to remain economical and competitive.

Le foyer fermé, le poêle ou l'insert de cheminée, relié à un conduit d'évacuation des fumées, qui comporte notamment

  • une porte frontale vitrée,
  • un âtre central où est entretenue la combustion par admission d'air primaire et secondaire
  • un double vitrage entre lesquels l'air primaire est admis par une ouverture à la base de la porte,
  • une fente située à la partie supérieure de la porte orientée pour que la circulation de l'air se fasse en descendant le long de la face interne du vitrage,

est caractérisé par le fait que la face arrière de l'âtre comporte une double paroi formée par une paroi extérieure (18) et une plaque intérieure (17) et par le fait qu'il présente des moyens pour créer un préchauffage et entretenir un mouvement tournant de l'air de combustion dans l'âtre, qui sont constitués par des orifices extérieurs situés à la base de la paroi extérieure et des orifices situés à la partie supérieure de la plaque intérieure.The closed hearth, the stove or the chimney insert, connected to a smoke evacuation duct, which notably includes
  • a glass front door,
  • a central hearth where combustion is maintained by primary and secondary air intake
  • double glazing between which the primary air is admitted through an opening at the base of the door,
  • a slot located at the upper part of the door oriented so that the air circulation takes place downwards along the internal face of the glazing,

is characterized by the fact that the rear face of the hearth has a double wall formed by an outer wall (18) and an inner plate (17) and by the fact that it has means for creating preheating and maintaining movement rotating combustion air in the hearth, which are constituted by external orifices located at the base of the external wall and by orifices located at the upper part of the internal plate.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description suivante, accompagnée du dessin en annexe :
   - la figure 1 schématise en vue de coupe un foyer fermé équipé d'une porte frontale vitrée exécutée selon la présente invention.The invention will be better understood on reading the following description, accompanied by the attached drawing:
- Figure 1 shows schematically in section a closed hearth equipped with a glass front door executed according to the present invention.

La présente invention vise un foyer fermé, un poêle ou un insert de cheminée. Elle concerne principalement les constructeurs de matériels de chauffage.The present invention relates to a closed hearth, a stove or a fireplace insert. It mainly concerns manufacturers of heating equipment.

Plus généralement, l'invention intéresse le fonctionnement des appareils de chauffage à foyer fermé qui disposent d'une porte frontale vitrée.More generally, the invention relates to the operation of closed hearth heating appliances which have a glazed front door.

De tels appareils offrent de nombreux avantages par rapport à la cheminée à âtre traditionnelle. En effet, son bon fonctionnement est assuré et le régime de chauffe à foyer fermé permet de bénéficier d'un rendement énergétique élevé.Such appliances offer many advantages over the traditional hearth fireplace. Indeed, its proper functioning is ensured and the closed hearth heating regime makes it possible to benefit from a high energy yield.

Le spectacle de la flamme étant très recherché par les utilisateurs, les constructeurs proposent leur matériel équipé d'une porte frontale vitrée pour allier les avantages du régime de chauffe à foyer fermé ainsi que la vision de la flamme avec en outre la présence d'un écran de sécurité.The spectacle of the flame being very sought after by the users, the manufacturers offer their equipment equipped with a glazed front door to combine the advantages of the closed hearth heating regime as well as the vision of the flame with in addition the presence of a security screen.

Il apparaît à l'usage que, malheureusement, la porte vitrée a tendance à se noircir, ce qui constitue un handicap majeur dans l'aspect spectacle de la combustion. Cet encrassement de la vitre frontale provient essentiellement d'une mauvaise combustion des bûches de bois avec dégagement de fumées lourdement chargées. Pour éviter ce phénomène, la première solution consiste à augmenter le tirage de la cheminée mais ceci est en contradiction avec le contrôle de l'allure de chauffe. En effet, un tirage élevé conduit nécessairement à devoir soutenir une allure de chauffe élevée, ce qui ne correspond pas toujours au souhait de l'utilisateur.It appears with use that, unfortunately, the glass door tends to blacken, which constitutes a major handicap in the spectacle aspect of combustion. This fouling of the front window mainly results from poor combustion of the wood logs with the release of heavily loaded smoke. To avoid this phenomenon, the first solution consists in increasing the draft of the chimney but this is in contradiction with the control of the heating rate. Indeed, a high draft necessarily leads to having to support a high heating rate, which does not always correspond to the wishes of the user.

C'est pourquoi les constructeurs ont mis au point d'autres parades pour tenter d'éviter l'encrassement de la vitre frontale. La technique la plus connue consiste à créer toute une série d'orifices sur la périphérie de la vitre par lesquels on crée un mouvement d'aspiration d'air secondaire qui résulte de la dépression régnant dans l'âtre de la cheminée. Cette technique a l'inconvénient d'être peu efficace et d'engendrer des perturbations dans la combustion.This is why manufacturers have developed other displays to try to avoid fouling of the front window. The best known technique consists in creating a whole series of orifices on the periphery of the glass through which a secondary air suction movement is created which results from the depression prevailing in the hearth of the fireplace. This technique has the disadvantage of being ineffective and of causing disturbances in combustion.

Certains constructeurs utilisent également un âtre isolé thermiquement pour augmenter la température de combustion ce qui a pour effet de réduire les émissions de fumées polluantes. Cette technique efficace a cependant pour inconvénient de porter la température de combustion dans des limites difficilement acceptables pour la tenue mécanique des pièces. En particulier, le rayonnement infra-rouge est important et provoque des échauffements incontrôlés.Some manufacturers also use a thermally insulated hearth to increase the combustion temperature, which has the effect of reducing polluting smoke emissions. This efficient technique has the drawback, however, of bringing the combustion temperature within limits that are difficult to accept for the mechanical strength of the parts. In particular, the infrared radiation is important and causes uncontrolled heating.

La figure 1 schématise en vue de coupe l'architecture interne d'un foyer fermé (1) ou similaire relié à un conduit d'évacuation des fumées. Le foyer fermé comporte une porte frontale (3) refermant un âtre (4) où est entretenue la combustion d'un foyer (5) au-dessus d'un cendrier (6). Dans l'exemple choisi, la combustion se présente sous la forme de bûches de bois (7) supportées par une grille (8).Figure 1 shows schematically in sectional view the internal architecture of a closed hearth (1) or the like connected to a smoke evacuation duct. The closed hearth has a front door (3) closing a hearth (4) where the combustion of a hearth (5) is maintained above an ashtray (6). In the example chosen, combustion takes the form of wooden logs (7) supported by a grate (8).

La porte (3) est vitrée pour permettre aux utilisateurs de bénéficier de la vision de la flamme (5).The door (3) is glazed to allow users to benefit from the vision of the flame (5).

L'âtre (4) est surmonté d'un avaloir (9) à travers lequel s'échappent les fumées résultant de la combustion du foyer (5).The hearth (4) is surmounted by a drain (9) through which the fumes resulting from the combustion of the hearth (5) escape.

Selon la caractéristique de la présente invention, l'admission d'air de combustion sous forme d'apport d'air primaire et secondaire préchauffé se réalise de telle sorte qu'il soit créé un mouvement tournant tel que schématisé par les flèches (10) dans l'âtre (4) du foyer fermé (1).According to the characteristic of the present invention, the admission of combustion air in the form of a supply of primary and secondary preheated air takes place in such a way that a rotating movement is created as shown by the arrows (10). in the hearth (4) of the closed hearth (1).

Cette combinaison du préchauffage et du mouvement giratoire a une influence très bénéfique sur la combustion et permet notamment de réduire les émissions de fumées toxiques et d'éviter le noircissement de la vitre de porte frontale (3).This combination of preheating and gyratory movement has a very beneficial influence on combustion and in particular makes it possible to reduce the emission of toxic fumes and to avoid blackening of the front door window (3).

En ce qui concerne l'admission d'air primaire, ceci est réalisé à travers la porte frontale (3) qui présente à cet effet un double vitrage (11 et 12). L'air primaire est admis à la base de la porte frontale (3) tel que schématisé par la flèche (13). L'air primaire circule entre les vitres (11 et 12) où il est préchauffé. Ensuite l'air débouche à la partie supérieure de la porte frontale (3) par une fente telle que schématisée sous le repère (14) de la figure 1. Le contrôle de l'admission d'air primaire peut être par exemple réalisé au moyen d'un clapet (15) situé au niveau de l'entrée d'air (13) dans la porte frontale (3).Regarding the primary air intake, this is achieved through the front door (3) which has for this purpose double glazing (11 and 12). Primary air is admitted at the base of the front door (3) as shown by the arrow (13). Primary air circulates between the panes (11 and 12) where it is preheated. Then the air opens at the upper part of the front door (3) through a slot as shown diagrammatically under the reference (14) in FIG. 1. The control of the primary air intake can for example be carried out by means a valve (15) located at the air inlet (13) in the front door (3).

L'air primaire qui débouche au sommet de la porte vitrée (3) est orienté de telle sorte que la circulation de l'air se fasse en descendant le long de la face intérieure du vitrage (12) telle que schématisée par les flèches (16) de la figure 1. Ceci permet de créer un rideau continu d'air propre qui évite le noircissement du vitrage.The primary air which opens at the top of the glass door (3) is oriented so that the air circulation is done by descending along the interior face of the glazing (12) as shown schematically by the arrows (16 ) of Figure 1. This creates a continuous curtain of clean air that prevents blackening of the glazing.

Par ailleurs, en ce qui concerne l'admission d'air secondaire, celle-ci se réalise par la face arrière de l'âtre (4) qui dispose d'une double paroi (17, 18) entre lesquelles l'air secondaire (19) circule, tel que schématisé à la figure 1. L'air est admis par des orifices extérieurs (20) situés à la base de la paroi extérieure (18) et l'air secondaire est introduit dans l'âtre (4) par des orifices (21) situés à la partie supérieure de la plaque (17) intérieure.Furthermore, as regards the secondary air intake, this is achieved by the rear face of the hearth (4) which has a double wall (17, 18) between which the secondary air ( 19) circulates, as shown diagrammatically in FIG. 1. Air is admitted through external orifices (20) located at the base of the external wall (18) and secondary air is introduced into the hearth (4) by orifices (21) located at the upper part of the inner plate (17).

L'admission d'air secondaire réalisée dans la partie supérieure arrière de l'insert de cheminée combinée avec l'admission d'air primaire située dans la partie supérieure de la porte frontale (3) avec un mouvement descendant crée le mouvement tournant (10) très favorable à la combustion. En effet, le mouvement tournant (10) crée un brassage des fumées qui évite la production d'imbrûlés. En outre, le fait d'utiliser de l'air de combustion préchauffé permet d'augmenter la température de combustion au-delà de 350°C pour améliorer le rendement de chauffe et réduire les émissions de fumées polluantes.The secondary air intake made in the upper rear part of the chimney insert combined with the primary air intake located in the upper part of the front door (3) with a downward movement creates the rotating movement (10 ) very favorable to combustion. Indeed, the rotating movement (10) creates a mixing of the fumes which avoids the production of unburnt products. In addition, the fact of using preheated combustion air makes it possible to increase the combustion temperature above 350 ° C. to improve the heating efficiency and reduce the emission of polluting fumes.

A cela s'ajoute également l'utilisation de déflecteurs (22 et 23) placés dans la partie haute de l'âtre (4) et de chicanes (24, 25) placées dans l'avaloir (9) pour, d'une part, guider le mouvement d'air (10) tournant et d'autre part, freiner, c'est le cas des chicanes (24 et 25), le tirage des fumées. Le déflecteur arrière (23) évite que l'air secondaire ne soit directement dirigé vers le conduit (2) d'évacuation des fumées. Son rôle est d'orienter le flux d'air secondaire vers le bas de l'âtre (4).To this is also added the use of deflectors (22 and 23) placed in the upper part of the hearth (4) and baffles (24, 25) placed in the drain (9) for, on the one hand , guide the air movement (10) rotating and on the other hand, brake, this is the case of the baffles (24 and 25), the smoke draft. The rear deflector (23) prevents secondary air from being directed directly to the duct (2) smoke evacuation. Its role is to direct the secondary air flow down the hearth (4).

Le déflecteur avant (22) entretient le mouvement tournant (10) et évite que le tourbillon ne soit dirigé vers le conduit d'évacuation des fumées (2).The front deflector (22) maintains the rotary movement (10) and prevents the vortex from being directed towards the smoke exhaust duct (2).

Les chicanes (24 et 25) freinent la circulation des fumées (26).The baffles (24 and 25) slow down the circulation of smoke (26).

Avantageusement, les chicanes (24 et 25) seront démontables pour pouvoir être nettoyées.Advantageously, the baffles (24 and 25) will be removable so that they can be cleaned.

Un autre avantage de l'admission d'air secondaire au niveau de la partie arrière haute de l'âtre est que l'on enrichit en oxygène les fumées de combustion dans une zone proche du conduit d'évacuation, ce qui réduit les imbrûlés.Another advantage of the secondary air intake at the upper rear part of the hearth is that the combustion fumes are enriched with oxygen in an area close to the exhaust duct, which reduces unburnt.

Pour faciliter le démarrage du feu, avantageusement le foyer fermé (1) sera équipé d'un circuit auxiliaire d'admission d'air de démarrage, situé à la base de l'âtre au niveau du cendrier (6) tel que schématisé par les flèches (27) à la figure 1.To facilitate starting the fire, advantageously the closed hearth (1) will be equipped with an auxiliary starting air intake circuit, located at the base of the hearth at the ashtray (6) as shown schematically by the arrows (27) in Figure 1.

Il faut noter que la production de fumées polluantes est étroitement liée à la température de fonctionnement du foyer (5). Aussi, pour éviter tout encrassement accidentel de la porte frontale vitrée (3), on équipe avantageusement l'avaloir du foyer (1) d'une sonde mesurant les niveaux de température des fumées de combustion. En-deça d'un certain seuil critique, l'utilisateur est invité à recharger en combustible le foyer pour soutenir une température minimale de fonctionnement.It should be noted that the production of polluting fumes is closely linked to the operating temperature of the fireplace (5). Also, to avoid any accidental fouling of the glazed front door (3), the fireplace outlet (1) is advantageously fitted with a probe measuring the temperature levels of the combustion fumes. Below a certain critical threshold, the user is invited to refuel the fireplace to maintain a minimum operating temperature.

Claims (7)

  1. Closed fire, stove or fireplace insert, connected to a fume exhaust conduit, which viz. includes
    - a glazed front door (3),
    - a central hearth (4) in which is maintained the combustion (5) by primary (15) and secondary (19) air inlet,
    - a double glazing (11 and 12) between which the primary air is admitted through an opening at the basis of the door (3),
    - a slot located at the upper portion of the door (3), so oriented that the air circulation (16) occurs downwards alongside the inner face of the glazing (12)
    characterized in that
    the rear face of the hearth includes a double wall formed by an outer wall (18) and an inner plate (17)
    and it has means for creating a preheating and maintaining a turning movement of the combustion air in the hearth (4), which consist of external apertures (20) located at the basis of the outer wall (18) and apertures (21) located at the upper portion of the inner plate (17).
  2. Closed fire, stove or fireplace insert according to claim 1, characterized in that the hearth (4) is topped by a hood (9) through which escape the fumes and in that said means also have shrouds (22 and 23) and baffle-plates (24 and 25) placed in the hood (9) of the closed fire (1).
  3. Closed fire, stove or fireplace insert according to claim 1, characterized in that a valve (15) allows to modulate the primary air-inlet at the base of the front door (3).
  4. Closed fire, stove or fireplace insert according to claim 2, characterized in that the hearth (4) includes, in its upper portion, a front shroud (22) which turns the turning movement (10) of the combustion air downwards.
  5. Closed fire, stove or fireplace insert according to claim 2, characterized in that the hearth (4) includes a rear shroud (23) which directs the secondary air-inlet at the outlet of the aperture (21) in order to prevent same from being directed to the fume exhaust conduit (2).
  6. Closed fire, stove or fireplace insert according to claim 2, characterized in that a probe allows to monitor the temperature levels of the fumes (26) in the hood (9).
  7. Closed fire, stove or fireplace insert according to claim 2, characterized in that the baffle-plates (24 and 25) present in the hood (9) are removable.
EP90402417A 1990-07-04 1990-09-03 Closed fire, stove or fireplace insert Expired - Lifetime EP0464293B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT90402417T ATE98008T1 (en) 1990-07-04 1990-09-03 CLOSED COOKER, OVENS OR FIREPLACE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9008775 1990-07-04
FR909008775A FR2664366B1 (en) 1990-07-04 1990-07-04 CLOSED FIREPLACE, STOVE OR FIREPLACE INSERT.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0464293A1 EP0464293A1 (en) 1992-01-08
EP0464293B1 true EP0464293B1 (en) 1993-12-01

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90402417A Expired - Lifetime EP0464293B1 (en) 1990-07-04 1990-09-03 Closed fire, stove or fireplace insert

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EP (1) EP0464293B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE98008T1 (en)
DE (1) DE69004952D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2664366B1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5364772A (en) * 1992-07-20 1994-11-15 Wayne State University DNA molecule encoding the β3 -adrenergic receptor
FR2758178B1 (en) * 1997-01-08 1999-03-26 Michel Labattu COMBUSTION PRODUCTS DEFLECTION ASSEMBLY FOR CLOSED FIREPLACE
ES2165254B1 (en) * 1998-12-11 2003-05-01 Lacunza Calor De Vida S A L FIREPLACE.
AT412502B (en) * 2003-03-05 2005-03-25 Lohberger Heiz & Kochgeraete T VIEW WINDOW ARRANGEMENT FOR ONE STOVE
NO319650B1 (en) * 2003-08-04 2005-09-05 Johan Einar Hustad Fireplace afterburner
AP3121A (en) * 2008-07-23 2015-02-28 First Energy Private Ltd Biomass stove apparatus and method for its use
GB2533040B (en) * 2015-12-07 2016-12-28 Jetmaster Fires Ltd Stove
EP3199872B1 (en) * 2016-01-29 2018-11-28 PISLA Oy Frame construction for a masonry fireplace, and a corresponding arrangement and fireplace
CN106247366A (en) * 2016-10-19 2016-12-21 石家庄御捷采暖设备有限公司 A kind of high efficient heating furnace
CN108800207A (en) * 2018-07-13 2018-11-13 郑州永恒控股集团有限公司 A kind of biomass real flame fireplace pass windburn screen glass window

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4043313A (en) * 1976-01-15 1977-08-23 Sherman Larry P Fireplace chimney furnace
FR2542849B1 (en) * 1983-03-18 1985-12-13 Telec 2000 DOMESTIC HEATING SYSTEM WITH A CLOSED FIREPLACE USING A SOLID FUEL OF THE WOOD TYPE OR DERIVATIVES THEREOF
GB2172989A (en) * 1985-03-08 1986-10-01 Glynwed Consumer & Building Wood burning stove
FR2617270B1 (en) * 1987-06-23 1989-10-20 Supra Sa HIGH-TEMPERATURE CLOSED FIREPLACE WITH VISIBLE OR NON-VISIBLE FIRE, PARTICULARLY A FIREPLACE OR STOVE TYPE

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2664366A1 (en) 1992-01-10
ATE98008T1 (en) 1993-12-15
EP0464293A1 (en) 1992-01-08
DE69004952D1 (en) 1994-01-13
FR2664366B1 (en) 1994-09-30

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