EP0407960B1 - Core-skin antistatic filament - Google Patents

Core-skin antistatic filament Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0407960B1
EP0407960B1 EP90113145A EP90113145A EP0407960B1 EP 0407960 B1 EP0407960 B1 EP 0407960B1 EP 90113145 A EP90113145 A EP 90113145A EP 90113145 A EP90113145 A EP 90113145A EP 0407960 B1 EP0407960 B1 EP 0407960B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
core
sheath
polymer
bicomponent filament
filaments
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90113145A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0407960A2 (en
EP0407960A3 (en
Inventor
Werner Bruckner
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Hoechst AG
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Hoechst AG
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Publication of EP0407960A2 publication Critical patent/EP0407960A2/en
Publication of EP0407960A3 publication Critical patent/EP0407960A3/en
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Publication of EP0407960B1 publication Critical patent/EP0407960B1/en
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/34—Core-skin structure; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
    • D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
    • D01F1/09—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt for making electroconductive or anti-static filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2927—Rod, strand, filament or fiber including structurally defined particulate matter
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2929—Bicomponent, conjugate, composite or collateral fibers or filaments [i.e., coextruded sheath-core or side-by-side type]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2929—Bicomponent, conjugate, composite or collateral fibers or filaments [i.e., coextruded sheath-core or side-by-side type]
    • Y10T428/2931—Fibers or filaments nonconcentric [e.g., side-by-side or eccentric, etc.]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to antistatic, synthetic two-component filaments of the core-shell type, in which both the core and the shell have an increased electrical conductivity.
  • Core-sheath filaments with an electrically conductive core are already known from DEC-23 37 103.
  • the conductive core of these filaments contains finely divided, electrically conductive carbon black in amounts of 15 to 50%.
  • the sheath of these filaments is free from dispersed carbon black and other additives that increase conductivity and is therefore electrically non-conductive.
  • sufficient electrical conductivity only arises when a relatively high electrical voltage is applied to them. Therefore, the antistatic effect of these known filaments does not meet higher requirements, such as those e.g. when used in clean room clothing.
  • Filaments that contain carbon black dispersed over their entire cross-section are not only unsightly, but because of their low strength they are difficult to process further and also show poor wearing properties.
  • GB-A-2,077,182 discloses core-sheath filaments.
  • the addition of metal salts of long-chain aliphatic radicals acting sulfonic or carboxylic acids to the coat is not known from this document.
  • the antistatic, synthetic two-component filaments according to the invention have a considerably improved property profile compared to the known antistatic filaments of the core-sheath type.
  • the antistatic, synthetic two-component filaments according to the invention are those of the core-shell type, with a core of increased electrical conductivity; However, they are distinguished from the known ones in that their sheath also has an increased electrical conductivity.
  • the core and sheath of the filaments according to the invention contain different conductivity additives. While the core consists of a synthetic polymer in which solid, electrically conductive particles are dispersed, the sheath consists of a thread-forming polymer, which contains an addition of known antistatic agents based on sulfonate or carboxylate groups, organic compounds with low diffusivity in the Contains polymer; these are metal salts of a long aliphatic radical having sulfonic or carboxylic acid.
  • the solid, electrically conductive particles of the core material consist of conductive carbon modifications or of semiconductor materials known per se.
  • Conductive carbon black or graphite can be considered as conductive carbon modifications.
  • furnace black, oil furnace black or gas black, acetylene black, in particular their special, electrically highly conductive types can be used as conductive carbon black.
  • high-conductivity carbon blacks such as e.g. the commercially available high conductivity carbon black (R) Printex XE2 from Degussa, Frankfurt (M).
  • Semiconductor materials which are suitable in fine distribution to impart the desired conductivity to the core material of the filaments according to the invention are, for example, n- or p-doped metal oxides.
  • Electrically conductive materials based on metal oxides consist of mixed oxides in which an oxide component of a metal which is present in a smaller or smaller amount with a different valence or with a different ion radius is built into the crystal lattice of the main component.
  • Examples of such mixed oxides are nickel oxide, cobalt oxide, iron oxide or manganese oxide, doped with lithium oxide; Zinc oxide doped with aluminum oxide; Titanium oxide doped with tantalum oxide; Bismuth oxide doped with barium oxide; Iron oxide (Fe2O3) doped with titanium oxide; Titanium barium oxide (BaTiO3) doped with lanthanum or tantalum oxide; Chromium-lanthanum oxide (LaCrO3) or manganese-lanthanum oxide (LaHnO3) doped with strontium oxide or chromium oxide doped with magnesium oxide.
  • the above list is by no means exhaustive. Numerous other known mixed oxides are suitable, but also other known compounds with electrical semiconductor properties, e.g. those based on metal sulfides.
  • a preferred solid semiconductor material that can impart the desired electrical conductivity to the core material of the filaments according to the invention in finely divided form is e.g. antimony or iodine-doped tin oxide.
  • the electrically conductive particles dispersed in the core of the electrically conductive filaments according to the invention have an average particle size, which is expediently below 5 »m for" textile "filament titers.
  • the conductive particles preferably have an average particle size below 1 »m, in particular below 0.3» m.
  • the amount of conductive particles contained in the core polymer depends on the requirements placed on the conductivity of the filament and on the nature of the conductivity additive.
  • Conductive carbon modifications are dispersed in a fine distribution in the core of the filaments according to the invention in an amount of 5-60% by weight, preferably 5 to 30% by weight, in particular 8-15% by weight.
  • Semiconductor materials e.g. the above-mentioned, based on doped metal oxides, are contained in the core in an amount of 60-80% by weight, preferably 65-75% by weight.
  • the antistatic contained in the sheath of the filaments according to the invention has sulfonate or carboxylate groups, ie salts of sulfonic or carboxylic acids.
  • the nature of the salt-forming metal is of minor importance in principle. However, preference is given to sulfonates or carboxylates which have a mono- or divalent metal, preferably an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal. Of the two salt-forming groups mentioned, the sulfonic acid group and thus the sulfonates are particularly preferred.
  • the organic compounds containing the sulfonate or carboxylate groups should diffuse as little as possible in the sheath polymer of the filaments according to the invention.
  • One way of keeping the diffusion of these antistatic additives low is to use compounds which have a long-chain polyether or alkyl radical which has 8 to 30 C atoms in its chain.
  • compositions which contain an alkyl chain having 8 to 30, preferably 12 to 18, carbon atoms are particularly preferred.
  • Particularly preferred as antistatic agents for the shell polymer of the filaments according to the invention are alkanesulfonates with the chain lengths mentioned above, in particular their sodium or potassium salts.
  • the polymers used for the core and the sheath of the two-component filaments according to the invention can be the same or different. With regard to the functions of the core and the sheath, it has proven to be advantageous to use different materials that can be optimally adapted to the desired function.
  • the sheath is expediently made of a polymer which conveys the desired textile properties, in particular strength and further processability, to the two-component filament according to the invention, while the core must guarantee the permanent electrical conductivity of the material, ie that it maintains its continuity in all further processing steps of the filament must maintain and have an optimal carrying capacity for the dispersed solid semiconductor material. It is not essential for the core that the polymer can be spun into threads on its own and therefore no thread-forming polymer has to be used for this. On the other hand, the use of thread-forming polymers for the core material is generally advisable.
  • a polymer for the core of the two-component filaments according to the invention which has a lower melting point than the polymer of the sheath.
  • the melting point difference should be at least 20 ° C, preferably at least 40 ° C.
  • the polymer of the core consists of polyethylene or polyamide 6 or of a copolyamide or a copolyester, the co-components of which are selected in a manner known per se so that the desired melting point difference is obtained.
  • suitable polymers for the core of the filaments according to the invention are block copolymers with hard and soft segments, e.g. Block polyether esters or other polyalkylenes such as e.g. rel. low molecular weight polypropylene.
  • High-molecular polymers in particular polyesters or polyamides, are particularly suitable as the material for the sheath of the two-component filaments according to the invention, which preferably determines the textile properties of the filament material.
  • Particularly advantageous properties have two-component filaments according to the invention, the sheath of which consists of polyesters, preferably of polyethylene terephthalate.
  • the volume fraction of the core in the total filament according to the invention is 2 to 50, preferably 5 to 20%.
  • the sheath of the antistatic filaments according to the invention can also contain other additives customary in synthetic fibers, such as e.g. Matting agents or pigments, contained in the usual amounts.
  • the sheath of the filaments according to the invention contains a matting agent which prevents or reduces the shining through of the core, which may be colored due to its added conductivity.
  • the amount of matting agent is chosen so that the desired effect is achieved.
  • a preferred matting agent is titanium dioxide, which can usually be present in the filament sheath in proportions of 0.5 to 3% by weight.
  • the electrically conductive two-component filaments according to the invention are produced by first producing a core material by homogeneously mixing in a finely divided form or preparation, e.g. a powder or a user-friendly powder preparation in granular or pearl form, one of the above-mentioned electrically conductive materials made of conductive carbon or of semiconductor materials in a first polymer material that a jacket material is produced by homogeneously mixing in one of the above-mentioned antistatic agents based on a metal salt of a long-chain aliphatic residue having carbon or sulfonic acid and optionally other conventional additives in a second polymer material, wherein the first and second polymer material can also be identical in that the prepared core and sheath materials are spun out of a known spinning arrangement to core-sheath filaments, the volume shares of core and cladding material spun out in the time unit are in a ratio of 2:98 to 1: 1.
  • a core material by homogeneously mixing in a finely divided form or preparation
  • filaments with different degrees of orientation and thus different mechanical properties e.g. Tear resistance, extensibility, initial modulus, preserved.
  • the filaments, as they are spun already have a high degree of orientation and therefore good mechanical and textile technology quality.
  • This stretching takes place in the range from 5% above the natural stretching ratio to 95% of the maximum stretching ratio, preferably in a ratio of 1: 3 to 1: 5, in particular from 1: 3 to 1: 4.
  • the filaments can, if desired, also be subjected to a conventional fixing treatment, a shrinkage of 0 to 8%, preferably 0 to 4%, being generally permitted during the fixing or immediately thereafter.
  • the drawing and fixing temperatures are adapted to the processed fiber material in a known manner.
  • the stretching temperature is usually in the range from 40 to 200 ° C., preferably from 40 to 160 ° C., while the fixing treatment is carried out in the temperature range from 100 to 240 ° C.
  • the filaments thus produced can then be further processed into textile products in any known manner.
  • the filaments can be combined to form continuous yarns and, if necessary, textured in the usual way, for example by blast texturing, by a false twist process or by further stretch texturing, or the spun filaments can be subjected to compression crimping before or after texturing, cut into staple fibers and secondary spun.
  • Preference is given to further processing the electrically conductive filaments according to the invention into continuous yarns, which are then converted into the desired textile products in a manner known per se.
  • the textile products produced from the electrically conductive two-component filaments according to the invention such as continuous yarn in textured or non-textured form, staple fiber yarn, but also intermediate forms such as cables or filament tapes, and those made from the filamentary materials sheet-like textile products are the subject of this invention.
  • the electrically conductive filaments according to the invention surprisingly have good electrical conductivity even at low voltages, which means that only significantly lower electrical charges can result than with conventional filaments with an electrically conductive core.
  • the electrical conductivity of the filaments according to the invention has a significantly better wash resistance than known filaments which are modified in a conventional manner with antistatic agents.
  • the particularly advantageous conductivity behavior of the filaments according to the invention is supplemented by excellent textile technology properties.
  • a core-sheath thread was spun from these two components using a bicomponent melt spinning unit at 265 ° C. from a 32-hole nozzle and spooled at 700 m / min.
  • the volume fraction of the core was 10%.
  • a core-sheath thread was produced from these two components as described in Example 1.
  • Example 1 The antistatic jacket material from Example 1 was spun on the same bicomponent system, but no core material was added, so that a One-component thread was obtained, which was drawn as in Examples 1 and 2.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

There are described antistatic synthetic bicomponent filaments of the core-sheath type with a core of enhanced electrical conductivity comprising a synthetic polymer in which solid, electrically conductive particles have been dispersed and with a sheath of enhanced conductivity comprising a fibre-forming polymer which contains one of the antistats known per se or a mixture thereof.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft antistatische, synthetische Zweikomponentenfilamente vom Kern-Mantel-Typ, bei denen sowohl der Kern als auch der Mantel eine erhöhte elektrische Leitfähigkeit aufweisen.The present invention relates to antistatic, synthetic two-component filaments of the core-shell type, in which both the core and the shell have an increased electrical conductivity.

Kern-Mantel-Filamente mit elektrisch leitfähigem Kern sind bereits aus der DEC-23 37 103 bekannt. Der leitfähige Kern dieser Filamente enthält feinverteilten, elektrisch leitenden Ruß in Mengen von 15 bis 50 %. Der Mantel dieser Filamente ist frei von dispergiertem Ruß und anderen, die Leitfähigkeit erhöhenden Zusätzen und daher elektrisch nichtleitend. Bei diesen bekannten Filamenten stellt sich eine ausreichende elektrische Leitfähigkeit erst dann ein, wenn an ihnen eine relativ hohe elektrische Spannung anliegt. Deshalb genügt die antistatische Wirkung dieser bekannten Filamente nicht höheren Anforderungen, wie sie z.B. beim Einsatz in Reinraumkleidung gestellt werden.Core-sheath filaments with an electrically conductive core are already known from DEC-23 37 103. The conductive core of these filaments contains finely divided, electrically conductive carbon black in amounts of 15 to 50%. The sheath of these filaments is free from dispersed carbon black and other additives that increase conductivity and is therefore electrically non-conductive. With these known filaments, sufficient electrical conductivity only arises when a relatively high electrical voltage is applied to them. Therefore, the antistatic effect of these known filaments does not meet higher requirements, such as those e.g. when used in clean room clothing.

Filamente, die über ihren gesamten Querschnitt dispergierten Ruß enthalten, sind nicht nur unansehnlich, sondern sie lassen sich aufgrund ihrer geringen Festigkeit nur schwierig textil weiterverarbeiten und zeigen auch mangelhafte Trageeigenschaften.Filaments that contain carbon black dispersed over their entire cross-section are not only unsightly, but because of their low strength they are difficult to process further and also show poor wearing properties.

Aus der US-A-4,207,376 sind Filamente bekannt, deren Mantel ein Antistatikum enthält und daher eine gute Leitfähigkeit aufweist. Diese Filamente haben obligatorisch einen dreischichtigen Aufbau.From US-A-4,207,376 filaments are known whose sheath contains an antistatic and therefore has good conductivity. These filaments have a three-layer structure.

Aus der GB-A-2,077,182 sind Kern-Mantel-Filamente bekannt. Der Zusatz von Metallsalzen von langkettigen aliphatischen Resten aufwirkenden Sulfon- oder Carbonsäuren zum Mantel ist aus dieser Schrift nicht bekannt.GB-A-2,077,182 discloses core-sheath filaments. The addition of metal salts of long-chain aliphatic radicals acting sulfonic or carboxylic acids to the coat is not known from this document.

Aus der DE-A-19 08 173 sind elektrisch leitfähige Polyester-Filamente bekannt, die einen Zusatz von Paraffinsulfonaten als Antistatikum aufweisen. Dieser Zusatz und damit der elektrostatische Effekt erweist sich jedoch als nicht genügend waschbeständig um z.B. zur Herstellung von Reinraumkleidung eingesetzt werden zu können. Ähnliche Erfahrungen gibt es mit nahezu allen antistatischen Zusätzen, so daß weiterhin der Zusatz von Ruß oder anderen leitfähigen Partikeln zu dem faserbildenden Polymer die beste antistatische Wirkung ergibt.
Es bestand daher nach wie vor ein dringendes Bedürfnis nach synthetischen Filamenten, die gute, waschbeständige elektrische Leitfähigkeit aufweisen und dabei gleichzeitig gute textile Verarbeitungs- und Trageeigenschaften haben.From DE-A-19 08 173 electrically conductive polyester filaments are known which have an addition of paraffin sulfonates as an antistatic. This addition and thus the electrostatic effect proves to be not sufficiently wash-resistant to be used, for example, for the production of clean room clothing. Similar experiences exist with almost all antistatic additives, so that the addition of carbon black or other conductive particles to the fiber-forming polymer still gives the best antistatic effect.
There was therefore still an urgent need for synthetic filaments which have good, washable electrical conductivity and at the same time have good textile processing and wearing properties.

Die erfindungsgemäßen antistatischen, synthetischen Zweikomponenten-Filamente weisen gegenüber den bekannten antistatischen Filamenten vom Kern-Mantel-Typ ein erheblich verbessertes Eigenschaftsprofil auf. Die erfindungsgemäßen antistatischen, synthetischen Zweikomponenten-Filamente sind solche vom Kern-Mantel-Typ, mit einem Kern erhöhter elektrischer Leitfähigkeit; sie zeichnen sich gegenüber den bekannten jedoch dadurch aus, daß auch ihr Mantel eine erhöhte elektrische Leitfähigkeit hat.The antistatic, synthetic two-component filaments according to the invention have a considerably improved property profile compared to the known antistatic filaments of the core-sheath type. The antistatic, synthetic two-component filaments according to the invention are those of the core-shell type, with a core of increased electrical conductivity; However, they are distinguished from the known ones in that their sheath also has an increased electrical conductivity.

Kern und Mantel der erfindungsgemäßen Filamente enthalten unterschiedliche Leitfähigkeitszusätze. Während der Kern aus einem synthetischen Polymer besteht, in dem feste, elektrisch leitfähige Partikel dispergiert sind, besteht der Mantel aus einem fadenbildenden Polymer, das einen Zusatz an sich bekannter Antistatika auf der Basis Sulfonat- oder Carboxylatgruppen aufweisender, organischer Verbindungen mit geringem Diffusionsvermögen in dem Polymer enthält; dabei handelt es sich um Metallsalze einer einen langen aliphatischen Rest aufweisen Sulfon- oder Carbonsäure.The core and sheath of the filaments according to the invention contain different conductivity additives. While the core consists of a synthetic polymer in which solid, electrically conductive particles are dispersed, the sheath consists of a thread-forming polymer, which contains an addition of known antistatic agents based on sulfonate or carboxylate groups, organic compounds with low diffusivity in the Contains polymer; these are metal salts of a long aliphatic radical having sulfonic or carboxylic acid.

Die festen, elektrisch leitfähigen Partikel des Kernmaterials bestehen aus leitfähigen Kohlenstoffmodifikationen oder aus an sich bekannten Halbleitermaterialien.The solid, electrically conductive particles of the core material consist of conductive carbon modifications or of semiconductor materials known per se.

Als leitfähige Kohlenstoffmodifikationen kommen leitfähiger Ruß oder Graphit in Betracht. Als leitfähiger Ruß können beispielsweise Ofenruß, Ölofenruß oder Gasruß, Acetylenruß, insbesondere deren spezielle, elektrisch hochleitfähige Typen, eingesetzt werden.Conductive carbon black or graphite can be considered as conductive carbon modifications. For example, furnace black, oil furnace black or gas black, acetylene black, in particular their special, electrically highly conductive types, can be used as conductive carbon black.

Besonders bevorzugt sind selbstverständlich spezielle Hochleitfähigkeitsruße wie z.B. der handelsübliche Hochleitfähigkeitsruß (R) Printex XE2 der Firma Degussa, Frankfurt (M).Of course, special high-conductivity carbon blacks such as e.g. the commercially available high conductivity carbon black (R) Printex XE2 from Degussa, Frankfurt (M).

Halbleitermaterialien, die in feiner Verteilung geeignet sind, dem Kernmaterial der erfindungsgemäßen Filamente die gewünschte Leitfähigkeit zu vermitteln, sind beispielsweise n- oder p-leitend dotierte Metalloxide.Semiconductor materials which are suitable in fine distribution to impart the desired conductivity to the core material of the filaments according to the invention are, for example, n- or p-doped metal oxides.

Elektrisch leitende Materialien auf Basis von Metalloxiden bestehen aus Mischoxiden, bei denen in das Kristallgitter der Hauptkomponente eine in kleiner oder geringerer Menge vorhandene Oxidkomponente eines Metalls mit einer vom Metall des Hauptgitters abweichenden Valenz oder mit unterschiedlichem Ionenradius eingebaut ist. Beispiele für solche Mischoxide sind Nickeloxid, Kobaltoxid, Eisenoxid oder Manganoxid, dotiert mit Lithiumoxid; Zinkoxid dotiert mit Aluminiumoxid; Titanoxid dotiert mit Tantaloxid; Wismutoxid dotiert mit Bariumoxid; Eisenoxid (Fe₂O₃) dotiert mit Titanoxid; Titan-Bariumoxid (BaTiO₃) dotiert mit Lanthan- oder Tantaloxid; Chrom-Lanthanoxid (LaCrO₃) oder Mangan-Lanthanoxid (LaHnO₃) dotiert mit Strontiumoxid oder Chromoxid dotiert mit Magnesiumoxid. Die obige Aufzählung ist keineswegs erschöpfend. Geeignet sind zahlreiche andere bekannte Mischoxide, aber auch andere bekannte Verbindungen mit elektrischen Halbleitereigenschaften, z.B. solchen, die auf Metallsulfiden basieren. Ein bevorzugtes festes Halbleitermaterial, das in feinverteilter Form dem Kernmaterial der erfindungsgemäßen Filamente die gewünschte elektrische Leitfähigkeit vermitteln kann ist z.B. antimon- oder jod-dotiertes Zinnoxid.Electrically conductive materials based on metal oxides consist of mixed oxides in which an oxide component of a metal which is present in a smaller or smaller amount with a different valence or with a different ion radius is built into the crystal lattice of the main component. Examples of such mixed oxides are nickel oxide, cobalt oxide, iron oxide or manganese oxide, doped with lithium oxide; Zinc oxide doped with aluminum oxide; Titanium oxide doped with tantalum oxide; Bismuth oxide doped with barium oxide; Iron oxide (Fe₂O₃) doped with titanium oxide; Titanium barium oxide (BaTiO₃) doped with lanthanum or tantalum oxide; Chromium-lanthanum oxide (LaCrO₃) or manganese-lanthanum oxide (LaHnO₃) doped with strontium oxide or chromium oxide doped with magnesium oxide. The above list is by no means exhaustive. Numerous other known mixed oxides are suitable, but also other known compounds with electrical semiconductor properties, e.g. those based on metal sulfides. A preferred solid semiconductor material that can impart the desired electrical conductivity to the core material of the filaments according to the invention in finely divided form is e.g. antimony or iodine-doped tin oxide.

Die im Kern der erfindungsgemäßen elektrisch leitfähigen Filamente dispergierten, elektrisch leitfähigen Partikel haben eine mittlere Teilchengröße, die zweckmäßigerweise für "textile" Filamenttiter unter 5 »m liegt. Vorzugsweise haben die leitfähigen Partikel eine mittlere Teilchengröße unter 1 »m, insbesondere unter 0,3 »m.The electrically conductive particles dispersed in the core of the electrically conductive filaments according to the invention have an average particle size, which is expediently below 5 »m for" textile "filament titers. The conductive particles preferably have an average particle size below 1 »m, in particular below 0.3» m.

Die Menge der im Kernpolymer enthaltenen leitfähigen Partikel richtet sich nach den Anforderungen, die an die Leitfähigkeit des Filaments gestellt werden und nach der Natur des Leitfähigskeitszusatzes.The amount of conductive particles contained in the core polymer depends on the requirements placed on the conductivity of the filament and on the nature of the conductivity additive.

Leitfähige Kohlenstoffmodifikationen sind im Kern der erfindungsgemäßen Filamente in einer Menge von 5 - 60 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 5 bis 30 Gew.-%, insbesondere 8 - 15 Gew.-% in feiner Verteilung dispergiert.Conductive carbon modifications are dispersed in a fine distribution in the core of the filaments according to the invention in an amount of 5-60% by weight, preferably 5 to 30% by weight, in particular 8-15% by weight.

Halbleitermaterialien, wie z.B. die oben genannten auf Basis von dotierten Metalloxiden, sind im Kern in einer Menge von 60 - 80 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 65 - 75 Gew.-% enthalten.Semiconductor materials, e.g. the above-mentioned, based on doped metal oxides, are contained in the core in an amount of 60-80% by weight, preferably 65-75% by weight.

Das im Mantel der erfindungsgemäßen Filamente enthaltene Antistatikum weist Sulfonat- oder Carboxylatgruppen auf, d.h. Salze von Sulfon- oder Carbonsäuren. Die Natur des salzbildenden Metalls ist im Prinzip von untergeordneter Bedeutung. Bevorzugt sind Jedoch Sulfonate oder Carboxylate, die ein ein- oder zweiwertiges Metall, vorzugsweise ein Alkali- oder ein Erdalkalimetall aufweisen. Von den beiden genannten salzbildenden Gruppen sind die Sulfonsäuregruppe und damit die Sulfonate besonders bevorzugt. Die, die Sulfonat- bzw. Carboxylatgruppen aufweisenden organischen Verbindungen sollen in dem Mantelpolymer der erfindungsgemäßen Filamente möglichst wenig diffundieren.
Eine Möglichkeit, die Diffusion dieser antistatischen Zusätze gering zu halten, besteht darin, Verbindungen einzusetzen, die einen langkettigen Polyether- oder Alkylrest aufweisen, der in seiner Kette 8 bis 30 C-Atome aufweist.The antistatic contained in the sheath of the filaments according to the invention has sulfonate or carboxylate groups, ie salts of sulfonic or carboxylic acids. The nature of the salt-forming metal is of minor importance in principle. However, preference is given to sulfonates or carboxylates which have a mono- or divalent metal, preferably an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal. Of the two salt-forming groups mentioned, the sulfonic acid group and thus the sulfonates are particularly preferred. The organic compounds containing the sulfonate or carboxylate groups should diffuse as little as possible in the sheath polymer of the filaments according to the invention.
One way of keeping the diffusion of these antistatic additives low is to use compounds which have a long-chain polyether or alkyl radical which has 8 to 30 C atoms in its chain.

Besonders bevorzugt sind dabei Verbindungen, die eine Alkylkette mit 8 bis 30, vorzugsweise 12 bis 18 C-Atomen enthalten. Besonders bevorzugt als Antistatika für das Mantelpolymer der erfindungsgemäßen Filamente sind Alkansulfonate mit den oben genannten Kettenlängen, insbesondere deren Natrium- oder Kaliumsalze.Compounds which contain an alkyl chain having 8 to 30, preferably 12 to 18, carbon atoms are particularly preferred. Particularly preferred as antistatic agents for the shell polymer of the filaments according to the invention are alkanesulfonates with the chain lengths mentioned above, in particular their sodium or potassium salts.

Die für den Kern und den Mantel der erfindungsgemäßen Zweikomponentenfilamente eingesetzten Polymere können gleich oder verschieden sein. Im Hinblick auf die Funktionen von Kern und Mantel hat es sich als vorteilhaft erwiesen, unterschiedliche Materialien einzusetzen, die der gewünschten Funktion optimal angepaßt werden können.
Zweckmäßigerweise wird der Mantel aus einem Polymer gefertigt, der dem erfindungsgemäßen Zweikomponenten-Filament die gewünschten textilen Eigenschaften, insbesondere Festigkeit und Weiterverarbeitbarkeit vermittelt, während der Kern die permanente elektrische Leitfähigkeit des Materials garantieren muß, d.h. daß er bei allen weiteren Verarbeitungsschritten des Filaments, seine Kontinuität beibehalten muß und ein optimales Tragevermögen für das dispergierte feste Halbleitermaterial aufweisen muß.
Für den Kern ist es nicht wesentlich, daß sich das Polymer für sich allein zu Fäden verspinnen läßt und daher muß dafür auch kein fadenbildendes Polymerisat eingesetzt werden. Andererseits ist der Einsatz fadenbildender Polymerisate für das Kernmaterial in der Regel zweckmäßig.The polymers used for the core and the sheath of the two-component filaments according to the invention can be the same or different. With regard to the functions of the core and the sheath, it has proven to be advantageous to use different materials that can be optimally adapted to the desired function.
The sheath is expediently made of a polymer which conveys the desired textile properties, in particular strength and further processability, to the two-component filament according to the invention, while the core must guarantee the permanent electrical conductivity of the material, ie that it maintains its continuity in all further processing steps of the filament must maintain and have an optimal carrying capacity for the dispersed solid semiconductor material.
It is not essential for the core that the polymer can be spun into threads on its own and therefore no thread-forming polymer has to be used for this. On the other hand, the use of thread-forming polymers for the core material is generally advisable.

Es hat sich jedoch als sehr vorteilhaft erwiesen, für den Kern der erfindungsgemäßen Zweikomponenten-Filamente ein Polymer einzusetzen, welches einen niedrigeren Schmelzpunkt hat als das Polymer des Mantels. Die Schmelzpunktsdifferenz sollte mindestens 20°C, vorzugsweise mindestens 40°C betragen.However, it has proven to be very advantageous to use a polymer for the core of the two-component filaments according to the invention which has a lower melting point than the polymer of the sheath. The melting point difference should be at least 20 ° C, preferably at least 40 ° C.

Bei einem bevorzugten erfindungsgemäßen Filamentmaterial besteht das Polymer des Kerns aus Polyethylen oder Polyamid 6 oder aus einem Copolyamid oder einem Copolyester, deren Co-Komponenten in an sich bekannter Weise so ausgewählt sind, daß sich die gewünschte Schmelzpunktsdifferenz einstellt. Weitere geeignete Polymere für den Kern der erfindungsgemäßen Filamente sind Blockcopolymere mit Hart-und Weichsegmenten, z.B. Blockpolyether-ester oder andere Polyalkylene wie z.B. rel. niedermolekulares Polypropylen.In a preferred filament material according to the invention, the polymer of the core consists of polyethylene or polyamide 6 or of a copolyamide or a copolyester, the co-components of which are selected in a manner known per se so that the desired melting point difference is obtained. Other suitable polymers for the core of the filaments according to the invention are block copolymers with hard and soft segments, e.g. Block polyether esters or other polyalkylenes such as e.g. rel. low molecular weight polypropylene.

Als Material für den Mantel der erfindungsgemäßen Zweikomponenten-Filamente, der vorzugsweise die textiltechnischen Eigenschaften des Filamentmaterials bestimmt, kommen insbesondere hochmolekulare Polymere, insbesondere Polyester oder Polyamide in Betracht. Besonders vorteilhafte Eigenschaften weisen erfindungsgemäße Zweikomponenten-Filamente auf, deren Mantel aus Polyestern, vorzugsweise aus Polyethylenterephthalat besteht.High-molecular polymers, in particular polyesters or polyamides, are particularly suitable as the material for the sheath of the two-component filaments according to the invention, which preferably determines the textile properties of the filament material. Particularly advantageous properties have two-component filaments according to the invention, the sheath of which consists of polyesters, preferably of polyethylene terephthalate.

Der Volumenanteil des Kerns am gesamten erfindungsgemäßen Filament beträgt 2 bis 50, vorzugsweise 5 bis 20 %.The volume fraction of the core in the total filament according to the invention is 2 to 50, preferably 5 to 20%.

Der Mantel der erfindungsgemäßen antistatischen Filamente kann neben dem Antistatikum noch weitere, in synthetischen Fasern übliche Zusätze, wie z.B. Mattierungsmittel oder Pigmente, in den üblichen Mengen enthalten.In addition to the antistatic, the sheath of the antistatic filaments according to the invention can also contain other additives customary in synthetic fibers, such as e.g. Matting agents or pigments, contained in the usual amounts.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform enthält der Mantel der erfindungsgemäßen Filamente ein Mattierungsmittel, welches das Durchscheinen des aufgrund seines Leitfähigkeitszusatzes eventuell gefärbten Kerns durch den Mantel verhindert oder vermindert. Die Menge des Mattierungsmittels wird so gewählt, daß der gewünschte Effekt erzielt wird.In a preferred embodiment, the sheath of the filaments according to the invention contains a matting agent which prevents or reduces the shining through of the core, which may be colored due to its added conductivity. The amount of matting agent is chosen so that the desired effect is achieved.

Ein bevorzugtes Mattierungsmittel ist Titandioxid, das üblicherweise in Mengenanteilen von 0,5 bis 3 Gew.-% im Filamentmantel enthalten sein kann.A preferred matting agent is titanium dioxide, which can usually be present in the filament sheath in proportions of 0.5 to 3% by weight.

Die Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen elektrisch leitfähigen Zweikomponenten-Filamente erfolgt in der Weise, daß zunächst ein Kernmaterial hergestellt wird durch homogenes Einmischen einer feinteiligen Form oder Zubereitung, z.B. eines Pulvers oder einer anwenderfreundlichen Pulverzubereitung in Granulat- oder Perlform, eines der obengenannten elektrisch leitfähigen Materialien aus leitfähigem Kohlenstoff oder aus Halbleitermaterialien in ein erstes Polymermaterial, daß ein Mantelmaterial hergestellt wird durch homogenes Einmischen eines der obengenannten Antistatika auf Basis eines Metallsalzes einer einen langkettigen aliphatischen Rest aufweisenden Carbon- oder Sulfonsäure und gegebenenfalls weiterer üblicher Zusätze in ein zweites Polymermaterial, wobei das erste und das zweite Polymermaterial auch identisch sein können, daß die vorbereiteten Kern- und Mantelmaterialien aus einer an sich bekannten Spinnanordnung zu Kern-Mantel Filamenten ausgesponnen werden, wobei die in der Zeiteinheit ausgesponnenen Volumenanteile von Kern- und Mantelmaterial im Verhältnis von 2:98 bis 1:1 stehen.The electrically conductive two-component filaments according to the invention are produced by first producing a core material by homogeneously mixing in a finely divided form or preparation, e.g. a powder or a user-friendly powder preparation in granular or pearl form, one of the above-mentioned electrically conductive materials made of conductive carbon or of semiconductor materials in a first polymer material that a jacket material is produced by homogeneously mixing in one of the above-mentioned antistatic agents based on a metal salt of a long-chain aliphatic residue having carbon or sulfonic acid and optionally other conventional additives in a second polymer material, wherein the first and second polymer material can also be identical in that the prepared core and sheath materials are spun out of a known spinning arrangement to core-sheath filaments, the volume shares of core and cladding material spun out in the time unit are in a ratio of 2:98 to 1: 1.

Je nach der gewählten Spinnabzugsgeschwindigkeit, die entsprechend der apparativen Ausrüstung heute in der Regel im Bereich von einigen 100 m/min bis etwa 8000 m/min liegen kann, werden Filamente mit unterschiedlichem Orientierungsgrad und damit unterschiedlichen mechanischen Eigenschaften, wie z.B. Reißfestigkeit, Dehnbarkeit, Anfangsmodul, erhalten. Im Bereich der höchsten Spinngeschwindigkeiten haben die Filamente, so wie sie ersponnen sind, bereits einen hohen Orientierungsgrad und damit gute mechanische und textiltechnologische Qualität.Depending on the selected spinning take-off speed, which can generally range from a few 100 m / min to about 8000 m / min depending on the equipment, filaments with different degrees of orientation and thus different mechanical properties, e.g. Tear resistance, extensibility, initial modulus, preserved. In the area of the highest spinning speeds, the filaments, as they are spun, already have a high degree of orientation and therefore good mechanical and textile technology quality.

Bei Anwendung niedrigerer Spinngeschwindigkeiten werden primär weniger hoch orientierte, d.h. weniger feste, stärker dehnbare Filamente erhalten, die in an sich bekannter Weise verstreckt werden können, um die erforderlichen mechanischen Daten einzustellen.When using lower spinning speeds, primarily less highly oriented, ie less strong, more extensible filaments are obtained, which can be drawn in a manner known per se in order to set the required mechanical data.

Diese Verstreckung erfolgt im Bereich von 5 % oberhalb des natürlichen Verstreckverhältnisses bis zu 95 % des maximalen Verstreckverhältnisses, vorzugsweise im Verhältnis 1:3 bis 1:5, insbesondere von 1:3 bis 1:4.This stretching takes place in the range from 5% above the natural stretching ratio to 95% of the maximum stretching ratio, preferably in a ratio of 1: 3 to 1: 5, in particular from 1: 3 to 1: 4.

Im Anschluß an die Verstreckung können die Filamente gewünschtenfalls noch einer üblichen Fixierbehandlung unterworfen werden, wobei in der Regel während des Fixierens oder unmittelbar danach ein Schrumpf von 0 bis 8 %, vorzugsweise von 0 bis 4 % zugelassen wird.After stretching, the filaments can, if desired, also be subjected to a conventional fixing treatment, a shrinkage of 0 to 8%, preferably 0 to 4%, being generally permitted during the fixing or immediately thereafter.

Verstreck- und Fixiertemperatur werden in bekannter Weise dem verarbeiteten Fasermaterial angepaßt. Üblicherweise liegt die Verstrecktemperatur im Bereich von 40 bis 200°C, vorzugsweise von 40 bis 160°C, während die Fixierbehandlung im Temperaturbereich von 100 bis 240°C durchgeführt wird.The drawing and fixing temperatures are adapted to the processed fiber material in a known manner. The stretching temperature is usually in the range from 40 to 200 ° C., preferably from 40 to 160 ° C., while the fixing treatment is carried out in the temperature range from 100 to 240 ° C.

Anschließend können die so hergestellten Filamente in jeder bekannten Weise zu textilen Erzeugnissen weiterverarbeitet werden. Beispielsweise können die Filamente zu Endlosgarnen zusammengefaßt und gegebenenfalls in üblicher Weise texturiert werden, z.B. durch eine Blastexturierung, durch einen Falschdrallprozeß oder durch eine weitere Strecktexturierung oder die ersponnenen Filamente können vor oder nach einer Texturierung z.B. einer Stauchkräuselung unterworfen, zu Stapelfasern geschnitten und sekundärgesponnen werden. Bevorzugt ist die Weiterverarbeitung der erfindungsgemäßen, elektrisch leitfähigen Filamente zu Endlosgarnen, die dann in an sich bekannter Weise in die gewünschten textilen Erzeugnisse übergeführt werden. Auch die aus den erfindungsgemäßen, elektrisch leitfähigen Zweikomponenten-Filamenten hergestellten Textilerzeugnisse, wie z.B. Endlosgarn in texturierter oder nicht-texturierter Form, Stapelfasergarn, aber auch Zwischenformen wie z.B. Kabel oder Filamentbänder sowie die aus den fadenförmigen Materialien hergestellten flächenförmigen Textilerzeugnisse, sind Gegenstand dieser Erfindung.The filaments thus produced can then be further processed into textile products in any known manner. For example, the filaments can be combined to form continuous yarns and, if necessary, textured in the usual way, for example by blast texturing, by a false twist process or by further stretch texturing, or the spun filaments can be subjected to compression crimping before or after texturing, cut into staple fibers and secondary spun. Preference is given to further processing the electrically conductive filaments according to the invention into continuous yarns, which are then converted into the desired textile products in a manner known per se. The textile products produced from the electrically conductive two-component filaments according to the invention, such as continuous yarn in textured or non-textured form, staple fiber yarn, but also intermediate forms such as cables or filament tapes, and those made from the filamentary materials sheet-like textile products are the subject of this invention.

Die erfindungsgemäßen, elektrisch leitfähigen Filamente weisen überraschenderweise bereits bei geringen anliegenden Spannungen eine gute elektrische Leitfähigkeit auf, was zur Folge hat, daß sich nur wesentlich geringere elektrische Aufladungen ergeben können, als bei herkömmlichen Filamenten mit elektrisch leitfähigem Kern. Darüber hinaus hat die elektrische Leitfähigkeit der erfindungsgemäßen Filamente eine wesentlich bessere Waschbeständigkeit als bei bekannten Filamenten, die in herkömmlicher Weise mit Antistatika modifiziert sind. Das besonders vorteilhafte Leitfähigkeitsverhalten der erfindungsgemäßen Filamente wird ergänzt durch ausgezeichnete textiltechnologische Eigenschaften.The electrically conductive filaments according to the invention surprisingly have good electrical conductivity even at low voltages, which means that only significantly lower electrical charges can result than with conventional filaments with an electrically conductive core. In addition, the electrical conductivity of the filaments according to the invention has a significantly better wash resistance than known filaments which are modified in a conventional manner with antistatic agents. The particularly advantageous conductivity behavior of the filaments according to the invention is supplemented by excellent textile technology properties.

Die folgenden Beispiele veranschaulichen die Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen, elektrisch leitfähigen Filamente und zeigen die überraschende Wirkung des an sich nur schwach elektrisch leitfähigen Filamentmantels auf die antistatische Wirkung des Gesamtfilaments und die sehr gute Beständigkeit dieser Wirkung bei intensiver Waschbehandlung.The following examples illustrate the production of the electrically conductive filaments according to the invention and show the surprising effect of the filament sheath, which in itself is only weakly electrically conductive, on the antistatic effect of the overall filament and the very good resistance of this effect to intensive washing treatment.

Beispiel 1 (Erfindungsgemäßer Faden) Example 1 (Thread According to the Invention)

Zur Herstellung des Kernmaterials wurden in 100 Gewichtsteile niederviskoses Polyethylen ((R)Riblene VG 1800 V der Firma Enichem) 10 Gewichtsteile Ruß ((R)Printex XE2 der Degussa) bei 170°C in einem Kneter eingearbeitet.To produce the core material, 10 parts by weight of carbon black ( (R) Printex XE2 from Degussa) were incorporated into a kneader at 170 ° C. in 100 parts by weight of low-viscosity polyethylene ( (R) Riblene VG 1800 V from Enichem).

Zur Herstellung des Mantelmaterials wurden 100 Gewichtsteile polyethylenterephthalat, 2 Gewichtsteile Titandioxid und 2 Gewichtsteile Natriumparaffinsulfonat ((R)Hostastat HS 1 der Hoechst AG) bei 275°C in einem Doppelschneckenextruder eingemischt.To produce the jacket material, 100 parts by weight of polyethylene terephthalate, 2 parts by weight of titanium dioxide and 2 parts by weight of sodium paraffin sulfonate ((R) Hostastat HS 1 from Hoechst AG) were mixed in at 275 ° C. in a twin-screw extruder.

Aus diesen beiden Komponenten wurde mit einer Bikomponenten-Schmelzspinnalage bei 265°C aus einer 32 Loch-Düse ein Kern-Mantel-Faden ersponnen und mit 700 m/min aufgespult. Der Volumenanteil des Kerns betrug 10 %.A core-sheath thread was spun from these two components using a bicomponent melt spinning unit at 265 ° C. from a 32-hole nozzle and spooled at 700 m / min. The volume fraction of the core was 10%.

Der Faden wurde über ein 3-Galetten-Streckwerk verstreckt, einer Wärmebehandlung unterzogen und aufgespult:

  • 1. Galette 95°C, 55 m/min
  • 2. Galette 180°C, 181,5 m/min
  • 3. Galette 30°C, 176 m/min
The thread was drawn over a 3-godet drafting device, subjected to a heat treatment and wound up:
  • 1. godet 95 ° C, 55 m / min
  • 2. Galette 180 ° C, 181.5 m / min
  • 3. Galette 30 ° C, 176 m / min

Der spezifische Widerstand des Fadens ist in der Tabelle aufgeführt.The specific resistance of the thread is shown in the table.

Beispiel 2 (Leitfähiger Kern, nichtleitender Mantel) Example 2 (conductive core, non-conductive jacket)

Zur Herstellung des Kernmaterials wurde wie im Beispiel 1 verfahren.The procedure for producing the core material was as in Example 1.

Zur Herstellung des Mantelmaterials wurde in 100 Gewichtsteile Polyethylenterephthalat 2 Gewichtsteile Titandioxid bei 275°C in einem Doppelschneckenextruder eingemischt. Es wurde kein Antistatikum zugesetzt.To produce the jacket material, 2 parts by weight of titanium dioxide were mixed into 100 parts by weight of polyethylene terephthalate at 275 ° C. in a twin-screw extruder. No antistatic was added.

Aus diesen beiden Komponenten wurde wie im Beispiel 1 beschrieben ein Kern-Mantel-Faden hergestellt.A core-sheath thread was produced from these two components as described in Example 1.

Der spezifische Widerstand des Fadens ist in der Tabelle aufgeführt.The specific resistance of the thread is shown in the table.

Beispiel 3 (Antistatisch ausgerüsteter Einkomponentenfaden) Example 3 (antistatic one-component thread)

Das antistatisch ausgerüstete Mantelmaterial aus Beispiel 1 wurde auf derselben Bikomponentenanlage versponnen, es wurde aber kein Kernmaterial zugesetzt, so daß ein Einkomponentenfaden erhalten wurde, der wie in den Beispielen 1 und 2 verstreckt wurde.The antistatic jacket material from Example 1 was spun on the same bicomponent system, but no core material was added, so that a One-component thread was obtained, which was drawn as in Examples 1 and 2.

Der spezifische Widerstand des Fadens ist in der Tabelle aufgeführt.

Figure imgb0001
The specific resistance of the thread is shown in the table.
Figure imgb0001

Claims (10)

  1. An antistatic synthetic bicomponent filament of the core-sheath type with a core of increased electrical conductivity consisting of a synthetic polymer in which solid, electrically conductive particles have been dispersed, the solid conductive particles of the core consist of conductive carbon or of known semiconductor materials, wherein the sheath likewise possesses increased conductivity and consists of a filament-forming polymer which contains a metal salt of a sulfonic or carboxylic acid with a long-chain aliphatic moiety, the amount of conductive carbon in the core being from 3 to 60% by weight and the amount of semiconductor materials in the core being from 60 to 80% by weight.
  2. The bicomponent filament as claimed in claim 1, wherein the solid, conductive particles of the core material consist of highly conductive carbon black or of antimony- or iodine-doped tin oxide.
  3. The bicomponent filament as claimed in one of claims 1 to 2, wherein from 5 to 30% by weight of conductive carbon or from 65 to 75% by weight of semi-conductor materials have been finely dispersed in the core.
  4. The bicomponent filament as claimed in at least one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the antistat of the sheath is a metal salt of an alkylsulfonic acid of from 8 to 30, preferably from 12 to 18, carbon atoms.
  5. The bicomponent filament as claimed in at least one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the metal salt used as the sheath antistat is a sodium or potassium salt.
  6. The bicomponent filament as claimed in at least one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the polymer of the core has a lower melting point than that of the sheath.
  7. The bicomponent filament as claimed in at least one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the polymer of the core is polyethylene or a block polyether-ester.
  8. The bicomponent filament as claimed in at least one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the polymer of the sheath is a polyamide or a polyester, preferably polyethylene terephthalate.
  9. The antistatic synthetic bicomponent filament claimed in claim 1 in the form of a threadlike or sheetlike textile material.
  10. A process for producing an antistatic synthetic bicomponent filament of the core-sheath type, which comprises producing a core material by homogeneously mixing a finely divided, solid, electrically conductive material consisting of conductive carbon or of semiconductor materials into a first polymer material, producing a sheath material by homogeneously mixing a metal salt of a sulfonic or carboxylic acid with a long-chain aliphatic moiety into a second polymer material, spinning the core and the sheath material from a conventional spinning jet arrangement into core-sheath filaments with the volumes of the core and sheath material extruded per unit time being within the ratio from 2:98 to 1:1, drawing the resulting filaments within the range from 5 % above the natural draw ratio to 95 % of the maximum draw ratio at a drawing temperature of from 90 to 200°C, and subsequently heat setting them at from 100 to 240°C while allowing a change in length of from 0 to 8 %, preferably from 0 to 4 %.
EP90113145A 1989-07-13 1990-07-10 Core-skin antistatic filament Expired - Lifetime EP0407960B1 (en)

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JPH0345705A (en) 1991-02-27
DE3923086A1 (en) 1991-01-24
BR9003334A (en) 1991-08-27
CA2021011A1 (en) 1991-01-14
US5213892A (en) 1993-05-25
EP0407960A2 (en) 1991-01-16
ES2076267T3 (en) 1995-11-01
EP0407960A3 (en) 1991-09-11
DE59009318D1 (en) 1995-08-03
ATE124473T1 (en) 1995-07-15

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