EP0398221B2 - Yarn from core-skin filaments and process for its preparation - Google Patents

Yarn from core-skin filaments and process for its preparation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0398221B2
EP0398221B2 EP90109044A EP90109044A EP0398221B2 EP 0398221 B2 EP0398221 B2 EP 0398221B2 EP 90109044 A EP90109044 A EP 90109044A EP 90109044 A EP90109044 A EP 90109044A EP 0398221 B2 EP0398221 B2 EP 0398221B2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sheath
core
filaments
yarn
yarn according
Prior art date
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EP90109044A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0398221B1 (en
EP0398221A1 (en
Inventor
Franciscus Arnoldus Theresia Lijten
Johannes Jacobus Meerman
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*DIOLEN INDUSTRIAL FIBERS B.V.
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Akzo Nobel NV
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Priority claimed from DE3915819A external-priority patent/DE3915819A1/en
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/34—Core-skin structure; Spinnerette packs therefor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a yarn made from core-sheath threads the core and sheath of the core-sheath threads by extrusion are produced, and a method for the production thereof.
  • Core-sheath threads and their manufacturing processes are numerous known.
  • special spinning devices are required are to prevent the occurrence of so-called homo threads even at low To avoid the proportion of sheath.
  • the known spinning device can not be avoided that core-sheath threads in the yarn obtained are included, the fluctuating coat proportion exhibit, even sections without a jacket occur, and that in the yarn obtained, the fluctuation range of the sheath portion of the core-sheath threads among themselves strongly fluctuates.
  • a method according to the preamble of claim 12 is based DE-B-1 158 205.
  • yarns made from core-sheath threads should be the desired ones Properties of the core material (strength, shrinkage, Elongation, birefringence, etc.), the sheath other properties of the yarn (adhesion to others Materials, dyeability, grip, chemical or mechanical resistance, etc.) improved.
  • the average coat proportion must be used 20 vol .-% and more can be chosen to the fluctuation of the To keep the coat proportion within limits and the properties of the Core material based on the total cross-section of the core-sheath thread to get reasonably even.
  • the object of the present invention is to use new ones more suitable yarns from core-sheath threads are available to provide, if necessary, one-component threads (Homo threads) included, in which the core and sheath of the core-sheath threads made by extruding spinnable polymers are, and at least almost all core-sheath threads have a full coat.
  • the yarns are said to be one better utilization of the properties of the core-shell material without deteriorating the properties of the Ensure jacket material.
  • the sheath portion of the core-sheath threads should also be more uniform below 20% by volume can be achieved.
  • M ⁇ 0.1 M means that for the determination of A all core-sheath threads are taken into account, the M vol .-% Jacket based on the total volume of each Have core sheath thread, wherein in determining the Jacket portion M a range of ⁇ 10% is taken into account. Because the above conditions are met at the same time , it follows that M can only assume such values where A becomes 100% at most.
  • yarns according to the invention have, A ⁇ 40 + 7 (0.1 M) 8th , prefers A ⁇ 50 + 100 (0.1 M) 8th applies excellent properties.
  • such yarns show significantly improved specific properties.
  • the specific strength (cN / dtex) is significantly higher for yarns according to the invention than for the known ones Yarns made from core-sheath threads, and also higher than monocomponent yarns, which only consist of the core polymer.
  • the threads of the yarn according to the invention can have practically all known cross-sectional shapes.
  • threads with round cross-section are preferred for tire cords, while for emphasis of light effects that may be desired, for example, in carpet yarns, threads with a trilobal cross section to be favoured.
  • Certain properties of the yarn become particularly good with one Yarn in which the threads, in particular the core-sheath threads, have a trilobal cross-section.
  • the following polymers have proven particularly useful as a polymer combination for core and sheath: core coat Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) Polyamide 66 (PA 66) Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) Mixture of polyamide 66 (PA 66) and poly (m-xylylene adipamide) Polyamide 46 (PA 46) Polyamide 66 (PA 66) Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) with high viscosity Low viscosity polyethylene terephthalate (PET) Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) Mixture of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyvinyl difluoride (PVDF) Polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) Polyamide 66 (PA66) Polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) Polyamide 46 (PA46)
  • the yarns according to the invention have a variety of uses.
  • Sewing threads made of conventional polymers in the core can be resistant to high temperatures Polymers are coated, and are therefore suitable for very high sewing speeds with ropes and nets
  • the sheath can be made of yarns for chemical resistance, UV resistance or temperature resistance improve.
  • Driving belts or conveyor belts can be used an improvement in adhesion due to the sheath of the core-sheath threads between the core and the elastomer. Also at fiber-reinforced plastics can do that Adhesion between yarn and plastic improved become.
  • the core-sheath threads can be over the sheath the dyeability of the threads can be improved, even if the Core made of highly conductive material to improve the antistatic Properties exist, the color of which is very often dark and difficult to dye with other colors.
  • the Core made of highly conductive material to improve the antistatic Properties exist, the color of which is very often dark and difficult to dye with other colors.
  • By Choice of different shrinking material between Core and sheath material can be used when using such yarns for the production of carpets by exposure to heat in the finished Carpet or in textile products a significant ripple of the yarns are caused. Improve profiled yarns the scattering of light.
  • special selection of the Sheath material of the core-sheath threads can change the fire behavior and / or the pollution behavior from such Core-coat threads made carpets or textiles be significantly improved. Also mold or Rotting behavior can be reduced.
  • a hydrophobic coat can absorb moisture can be effectively prevented by the core-sheath threads. This is particularly interesting when using the invention Yarns in the textile sector. It is also possible already polymer mixed with color pigments as a sheath component to spin, creating spun-dyed core-sheath threads surrender.
  • the object of the invention is also achieved by a Process for producing the yarns according to the invention the core component in a manner known per se (EP-A-0 011 954) via a first spinneret plate to a second Spinneret plate is fed in several individual streams, being between the first and second spinneret plates each core component single stream flowing around it Sheath component is supplied, both components together be spun, stretched and wound, whereby at least around the area of Single streams of the core component around the cladding component is exposed to a flow resistance which is thereby is characterized by the fact that a mesh is used as flow resistance is used, which has a hole for each individual stream having.
  • the method according to the invention can be carried out in one step (without Intermediate winding) or multi-stage (with intermediate winding) be performed.
  • the mesh is the whole Clearance between the first and second spinneret plates with the exception of the holes for the individual flows.
  • Other flow resistances such as porous, for example Plates can be used.
  • Through the mesh can also be used with spinneret plates of larger dimensions The distance between the two spinneret plates is the same everywhere be kept large because the mesh at the same time serves as a spacer plate.
  • targeted core-sheath threads can be produced by Have different sheath proportions of thread to thread.
  • different ones are used for the individual core flows Resistors selected for the sheath currents. Will the resistance chosen so high that a flow around the jacket material to avoid a special core current causes one-component threads in a simple manner.
  • Such meshes have proven particularly useful, which are commercially available under the name R.V.S. X mesh rolled, where x assumes values from 30 to 500 are available.
  • R.V.S. means that it is stainless steel while x mesh means x wires per inch (2.54 cm) in can be selected in both directions in the sieve, the Wires are interwoven and have a diameter of Have 0.5 to 0.025 mm.
  • the permeability K of the flow resistance to be used is preferably between 10 -11 to 3 ⁇ 10 -10 m 2 .
  • a core-sheath single thread be made by a coat of very uniform thickness over the circumference and over the length of the Core-sheath single thread.
  • FIG. 1 shows which area is covered by the yarns according to the invention made from core-sheath threads can be. It shows a diagram in which on the Abscissa of the mantle fraction in vol Share A in% of the core-sheath threads with a sheath share M ⁇ 0.1 M of all core-sheath threads in the yarn are.
  • the distribution possible in the prior art results hatched from the state of the art Area.
  • FIG. 1 A basic process scheme is shown schematically in FIG shown for producing the yarns of the invention.
  • 1 denotes a spinneret pack which flanged a spinneret plate combination 2 3, 4, 5 and 6 is explained in more detail.
  • the spinneret pack 1 are more common Way upstream of extruder and melt lines, (in the Figure not shown).
  • a stretching unit 3, 4 fed and then on a bobbin 6 wound as a finished yarn.
  • FIG 3 is a section of a from the state of the Technically known spinneret shown in which a first Spinneret plate with 10 and a second spinneret plate with 11 is designated.
  • the core melt flow is over Spinnerets 12 through the first spinneret plate 10 of the supplied second spinneret plate 11 and opens into the spinneret cup 13.
  • the jacket stream flows into the Space between the nozzle plate 10 and 11 and flows around thus each core stream coming from a nozzle 12. To this way, each core component individual stream flows around it supplied the jacket component, after which both components together through the nozzle cup 13 into the spinneret opening 14 flow, from which these are extruded.
  • elevations 15 are provided on the second nozzle plate 11.
  • a first spinneret plate is 20, one second spinneret plate designated 21.
  • the feeding of the The core component takes place via opening 26 in a nozzle channel 22, which is in the second nozzle plate 21 as a channel 23 continues.
  • the jacket component is via ring channels 28 evenly distributed between nozzle plate 20 and 21, wherein the space between the nozzle plate 20 and 21 with a Metal wire mesh 27 is filled in such a way that the nozzle channels 22 and 23 remain free throughout.
  • the jacket component is thus from the ring channel 28 over the metal wire mesh 27 fed around the core component.
  • the metal wire mesh acts on the sheath component as Flow resistance.
  • the core and sheath components become common spun over the nozzle 24.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 show an embodiment of a spinneret, as they use for the inventive method 5, a longitudinal section and FIG. 6 a Represents cross section.
  • the core component is channel 32 of the first spinneret plate 20 while the Sheath component via channel 33 (continuation is dashed shown because channel 33 runs outside the drawing plane) via its continuation 34 through the first spinneret plate 20 into the ring channels (not designated) between the first and second spinneret plate.
  • the flow resistance 27 is inserted, which at the same time as a spacer between the first and second nozzle plate 20 and 21 acts.
  • At 31 are centering pins and designated with 30 seals.
  • Bushes 35 prevent one Leakage of the jacket component between channel plate 29 and first spinneret plate 20.
  • Figure 7 is a partial cross section of a yarn made of core-sheath threads shown as it is according to the prior art is available.
  • the coat is 37 and the core is 36 designated.
  • core is 36 designated.
  • core and Vary the surface area from thread to thread.
  • Shell and / or core surfaces can be determined.
  • Figure 8 is a corresponding partial cross section yarns according to the invention shown. Here falls the Uniformity of the core surface 38 and the outer surface 39.
  • Examples 1 to 9 show the range of variation, within which the yarns of the invention are made can.
  • a polyester was used as the core polymer with a relative viscosity typical for textile yarns (1 g polymer in 100 g m-cresol, measured at 25 ° C), in the Examples 4 to 6 a polyester with a for technical Yarns low relative viscosity, and in the examples 7 to 9 a high viscosity polyester as he used for example for tire cords or for sewing threads is selected. In all cases it was used as a jacket material Polyamide 66 (PA66) used.
  • PA66 Polyamide 66
  • the core-sheath threads were made by a process as explained in more detail above with reference to FIG. 2 has been. However, there was no stretching.
  • the procedural conditions and the polymers used result from Table 1.
  • Table 1 also shows what percentage (A (%)) of the core-sheath threads M Vol .-% sheath (taking into account all core sheath threads, the (M ⁇ 0.1 M)% coat) of the total volume of each Have thread.
  • the specification of A (%) is around statistical mean values of 10 cross-sectional measurements different places of the respective yarn.
  • the values of A prove the uniformity with which the yarns according to the invention can be made available, and the diameters D of the individual core-sheath threads in the yarn can also be described as very uniform, because these also lie in a range of approximately (D. ⁇ 0.1 D).
  • a coat material was in Examples 10 and 11 polyamide 66 (PA66) and in Examples 12 to 15 a mixture of polyamide 66 and 0.3 % By weight poly (m-xylylene adipamide) (in the table with "PA66 + Addition "designated) used.
  • PA66 polyamide 66
  • m-xylylene adipamide poly (m-xylylene adipamide)
  • Each core-shell combination was once at 900 m / min once wound at 500 m / min without stretching, whereby again a method according to FIG. 2 was carried out.
  • Flow resistance became a mesh with the designation "R.V.S. 60 mesh rolled" used. This mesh So it was made of stainless steel wire. As well in Longitudinally and transversely, there were 60 wires per inch (2.54 cm) interwoven.
  • the spinneret used corresponded to that shown in FIGS. 4 to 6 shown.
  • Example 14 a 0.4 m long heating tube was used directly to maintain a slow cooling in the course of the process while maintaining the spinneret.
  • the selected process conditions are shown in Table 2.
  • the yarns obtained were then on a drawing machine stretched.
  • the yarn ran from the spinning bobbin in a first trio. From the trio, the yarn was over one Septet fed to a second trio and then through a 10 m long steam treatment section, in which the yarn with steam treated with a temperature of 250 ° C, a third Trio fed and then maintaining the stretching speed wound up.
  • the septet was at a temperature kept at 75 ° C.
  • the draw ratios and draw speeds selected for the yarns according to Examples 10 to 15 are shown in Table 3.
  • the draw ratio of the septet means the draw ratio which was applied to the yarn as it passed through the septet.
  • the total draw ratio results from the speed difference between the first and third trio. example 10th 11 12th 13 14 15
  • Aspect ratio of septet 2.48 3.30 2.51 3.10 3.21 3.70 Total stretch ratio 3.80 5.45 3.80 5.10 5.15 6.50 Stretching speed (m / min) 138 185 138 144 185 184
  • LASE means 1% (N) the strength of the yarn in (N) at a given Elongation of 1% (Load at specific elongation).
  • LASE 2% and LASE 5% correspond to LASE 2% and LASE 5%.
  • HAS 4 '/ 160 ° C (hot air shrinkage 4 min at 160 ° C) gives that Hot air shrinkage of the yarn when the yarn is under a 4 min Exposed to 5 m N / tex at a temperature of 160 ° C becomes.
  • the properties the tire cord with this construction are under the Designation "cord” also listed in Table 4.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Garn aus Kern-Mantel-Fäden, bei dem Kern und Mantel der Kern-Mantel-Fäden durch Extrudieren hergestellt sind, sowie ein Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung.The invention relates to a yarn made from core-sheath threads the core and sheath of the core-sheath threads by extrusion are produced, and a method for the production thereof.

Kern-Mantel-Fäden sowie deren Herstellverfahren sind vielfach bekannt. Beispielsweise wird in EP-A-0 011 954 darauf hingewiesen, daß spezielle Spinnvorrichtungen erforderlich sind, um das Auftreten sogenannter Homofäden auch bei niedrigem Mantelanteil zu vermeiden. Trotz der Vermeidung von Homofäden durch die bekannte Spinnvorrichtung kann nicht vermieden werden, daß in dem erhaltenen Garn Kern-Mantel-Fäden enthalten sind, die einen stark schwankenden Mantelanteil aufweisen, wobei sogar Abschnitte ohne Mantel vorkommen, und daß in dem erhaltenen Garn die Schwankungsbreite des Mantelanteils der Kern-Mantel-Fäden untereinander stark schwankt. Core-sheath threads and their manufacturing processes are numerous known. For example, in EP-A-0 011 954 noted that special spinning devices are required are to prevent the occurrence of so-called homo threads even at low To avoid the proportion of sheath. Despite avoiding Homo threads by the known spinning device can not be avoided that core-sheath threads in the yarn obtained are included, the fluctuating coat proportion exhibit, even sections without a jacket occur, and that in the yarn obtained, the fluctuation range of the sheath portion of the core-sheath threads among themselves strongly fluctuates.

Versuche haben gezeigt, daß mit einer Spinnvorrichtung gemäß EP-A-0 011 954 und einer Zudosierung von Kern- und Mantelmaterial im Volumenverhältnis von 85 : 15, wie dort im Beispiel beschrieben, höchstens 15% der erhaltenen Kern-Mantel-Fäden im Garn, in der Regel sogar weniger, einen Mantelanteil von etwa 15% aufweisen, auch wenn man beim Mantelanteil eine Schwankungsbreite von ± 10% berücksichtigt. Die übrigen Kern-Mantel-Fäden im erhaltenen Garn weisen einen größeren (bis zu 30 Vol.-%) oder kleineren (bis unter 5 Vol.-%) Mantelanteil auf.Experiments have shown that with a spinning device according EP-A-0 011 954 and an addition of core and shell material in a volume ratio of 85:15, as in the example there described, at most 15% of the core-sheath threads obtained in the yarn, usually even less, a coat portion of about 15%, even if you consider the proportion of sheath a fluctuation range of ± 10% is taken into account. The remaining Core-sheath threads in the yarn obtained have a larger one (up to 30 vol .-%) or smaller (up to 5 vol .-%) Coat portion on.

Bei dem bekannten Verfahren ist es auch nicht möglich, gezielt einzelne oder mehrere Homofäden im Garn zu erhalten. Die Entstehung von Homofäden ist rein zufällig und es ist auch nicht gewährleistet, daß ein im Garnquerschnitt ersichtlicher Homofaden in Garnrichtung ein Homofaden bleibt. Vielmehr ändert sich in Garnlaufrichtung ein Homofaden in einen Kern-Mantel-Faden und umgekehrt. Ein Verfahren nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 12 geht aus der DE-B-1 158 205 hervor.In the known method, it is also not possible to target to obtain single or multiple homo threads in the yarn. The creation of homo threads is purely coincidental and it is also not guaranteed that a visible in the yarn cross section Homo thread in the thread direction remains a homo thread. Rather, a homo thread changes in the yarn running direction a core-sheath thread and vice versa. A method according to the preamble of claim 12 is based DE-B-1 158 205.

Die starke Schwankung des Mantelanteils bewirkt, daß jeder Faden im Garn unterschiedliche Eigenschaften aufweist. Dies bedeutet, daß die Fäden im Garn untereinander stark schwankende Eigenschaften aufweisen, was unerwünscht ist.The strong fluctuation in the proportion of sheath causes everyone Thread in the yarn has different properties. This means that the threads in the yarn fluctuate strongly among themselves Have properties, which is undesirable.

Prinzipiell sollen Garne aus Kern-Mantel-Fäden die gewünschten Eigenschaften des Kern-Materials (Festigkeit, Schrumpf, Dehnung, Doppelbrechung, usw.) aufweisen, wobei der Mantel andere Eigenschaften des Garns (Haftfähigkeit an anderen Materialien, Anfärbbarkeit, Griffestigkeit, chemische bzw. mechanische Beständigkeit usw.) verbessert. Nach den bekannten Verfahren muß der durchschnittliche Mantelanteil mit 20 Vol.-% und mehr gewählt werden, um die Schwankung des Mantelanteils in Grenzen zu halten und die Eigenschaften des Kern-Materials bezogen auf den Gesamtquerschnitt des Kern-Mantel-Fadens einigermaßen gleichmäßig zu erhalten.In principle, yarns made from core-sheath threads should be the desired ones Properties of the core material (strength, shrinkage, Elongation, birefringence, etc.), the sheath other properties of the yarn (adhesion to others Materials, dyeability, grip, chemical or mechanical resistance, etc.) improved. According to the known The average coat proportion must be used 20 vol .-% and more can be chosen to the fluctuation of the To keep the coat proportion within limits and the properties of the Core material based on the total cross-section of the core-sheath thread to get reasonably even.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, neue, zum Gebrauch besser geeignete Garne aus Kern-Mantel-Fäden zur Verfügung zu stellen, die gegebenenfalls Einkomponentenfäden (Homofäden) enthalten, bei denen Kern und Mantel der Kern-Mantel-Fäden durch Extrudieren von spinnbaren Polymeren hergestellt sind, und zumindest nahezu alle Kern-Mantel-Fäden einen vollständigen Mantel aufweisen. Die Garne sollen eine bessere Ausnutzung der Eigenschaften des Kern-Mantel-Materials ohne Verschlechterung der Eigenschaften des Mantel-Materials gewährleisten.The object of the present invention is to use new ones more suitable yarns from core-sheath threads are available to provide, if necessary, one-component threads (Homo threads) included, in which the core and sheath of the core-sheath threads made by extruding spinnable polymers are, and at least almost all core-sheath threads have a full coat. The yarns are said to be one better utilization of the properties of the core-shell material without deteriorating the properties of the Ensure jacket material.

Es ist auch Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung dieser Garne zur Verfügung zu stellen, bei dem eine bessere Gleichmäßigkeit der Garne gewährleistet werden kann, und bei dem gezielt und vorherbestimmbar der Anteil der Einkomponentenfäden und der Kern-Mantel-Fäden (Bikomponentenfäden) gewählt werden kann. Der Mantelanteil der Kern-Mantel-Fäden soll auch unterhalb 20 Vol.-% gleichmäßiger erreicht werden können.It is also an object of the invention to produce a method to provide these yarns in which one better yarn uniformity can be ensured and in which the proportion of single-component threads can be specifically and predefined and the core-sheath threads (bicomponent threads) can be chosen. The sheath portion of the core-sheath threads should also be more uniform below 20% by volume can be achieved.

Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, daß von allen Kern-Mantel-Fäden im Garn der Anteil an Kern-Mantel-Fäden A in %, von denen jeder Kern-Mantel-Faden (M ± 0,1 M) % Mantel an Gesamtvolumen des jeweiligen Kern-Mantel-Fadens aufweist, gleichzeitig folgenden Bedingungen genügt: A ≦ 100 M ≧ 0,5 A ≧ 30 + (0,1 M)8. This object is achieved in that of all core-sheath threads in the yarn, the proportion of core-sheath threads A in%, of which each core-sheath thread (M ± 0.1 M)% sheath in the total volume of the respective Has core-sheath thread, at the same time satisfies the following conditions: A ≦ 100 M ≧ 0.5 A ≧ 30 + (0.1 M) 8th .

Der Ausdruck M ± 0,1 M bedeutet, daß zur Bestimmung von A alle Kern-Mantel-Fäden berücksichtigt werden, die M Vol.-% Mantel bezogen auf das Gesamtvolumen des jeweiligen Kern-Mantelfadens aufweisen, wobei bei der Bestimmung des Mantelanteils M ein Bereich von ± 10% berücksichtigt wird. Da die oben genannten Bedingungen gleichzeitig erfüllt sein müssen, ergibt sich, daß M nur solche Werte annehmen kann, bei denen A höchstens gleich 100% wird.The expression M ± 0.1 M means that for the determination of A all core-sheath threads are taken into account, the M vol .-% Jacket based on the total volume of each Have core sheath thread, wherein in determining the Jacket portion M a range of ± 10% is taken into account. Because the above conditions are met at the same time , it follows that M can only assume such values where A becomes 100% at most.

Insbesondere weisen erfindungsgemäße Garne, bei denen A ≧ 40 + 7 (0,1 M)8, bevorzugt A ≧ 50 + 100 (0,1 M)8 gilt, ausgezeichnete Eigenschaften auf.In particular, yarns according to the invention have, A ≧ 40 + 7 (0.1 M) 8th , prefers A ≧ 50 + 100 (0.1 M) 8th applies excellent properties.

Je nach Einsatzzweck werden
Garne,
bei denen mindestens 60% der Kern-Mantel-Fäden einen Mantelanteil
M ± 0,1 M Vol.-% aufweisen, wobei M ≦ 9 Vol.-% beträgt,
oder Garne,
bei denen mindestens 70% der Kern-Mantel-Fäden einen Mantelanteil M ± 0,1 M aufweisen, wobei 1 Vol.-% ≦ M ≦ 7 Vol.-% ist,
oder Garne,
bei denen mindestens 75% der Kern-Mantel-Fäden einen Mantelanteil
M ± 0,1 M aufweisen, wobei 3 Vol.-% ≦ M ≦6 Vol.-% ist,
bevorzugt. Depending on the application
Yarn,
in which at least 60% of the core-sheath threads contain a sheath
M ± 0.1 M vol .-%, where M ≦ 9 vol .-%,
or yarn,
in which at least 70% of the core-sheath threads have a sheath proportion M ± 0.1 M, 1 vol.% ≦ M ≦ 7 vol.%,
or yarn,
in which at least 75% of the core-sheath threads contain a sheath
M have ± 0.1 M, 3% by volume ≦ M ≦ 6% by volume,
prefers.

Überraschenderweise zeigen derartige Garne deutlich verbesserte spezifische Eigenschaften. Beispielsweise ist die spezifische Festigkeit (cN/dtex) bei erfindungsgemäßen Garnen deutlich höher als bei den bekannten Garnen aus Kern-Mantel-Fäden, und auch höher als bei Monokomponent-Garnen, die lediglich aus dem Kernpolymer hergestellt wurden.Surprisingly, such yarns show significantly improved specific properties. For example the specific strength (cN / dtex) is significantly higher for yarns according to the invention than for the known ones Yarns made from core-sheath threads, and also higher than monocomponent yarns, which only consist of the core polymer.

Die Fäden des erfindungsgemäßen Garns können praktisch alle bekannten Querschnittsformen aufweisen. Beispielsweise werden für Reifencorde Fäden mit rundem Querschnitt bevorzugt, während zur Betonung von Lichteffekten, die beispielsweise bei Teppichgarnen erwünscht sein können, Fäden mit trilobalem Querschnitt bevorzugt werden.The threads of the yarn according to the invention can have practically all known cross-sectional shapes. For example, threads with round cross-section are preferred for tire cords, while for emphasis of light effects that may be desired, for example, in carpet yarns, threads with a trilobal cross section to be favoured.

Bestimmte Eigenschaften des Garns, wie beispielsweise Haftfähigkeit, werden besonders gut bei einem Garn, bei dem die Fäden, insbesondere die Kern-Mantel-Fäden, trilobalen Querschnitt aufweisen.Certain properties of the yarn, such as adhesiveness, become particularly good with one Yarn in which the threads, in particular the core-sheath threads, have a trilobal cross-section.

Als Polymerkombination für Kern und Mantel haben sich besonders folgende Polymere bewährt: Kern Mantel Polyäthylenterephthalat (PET) Polyamid 66 (PA 66) Polyäthylenterephthalat (PET) Gemisch aus Polyamid 66 (PA 66) und Poly(m-xylylenadipamid) Polyamid 46 (PA 46) Polyamid 66 (PA 66) Polyäthylenterephthalat (PET) mit hoher Viskosität Polyäthylenterephthalat (PET) mit niedriger Viskosität Polyäthylenterephthalat (PET) Gemisch aus Polyäthylenterephthalt (PET) und Polyvinylendifluorid (PVDF) Polyäthylennaphthalat (PEN) Polyamid 66 (PA66) Polyäthylennaphthalat (PEN) Polyamid 46 (PA46) The following polymers have proven particularly useful as a polymer combination for core and sheath: core coat Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) Polyamide 66 (PA 66) Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) Mixture of polyamide 66 (PA 66) and poly (m-xylylene adipamide) Polyamide 46 (PA 46) Polyamide 66 (PA 66) Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) with high viscosity Low viscosity polyethylene terephthalate (PET) Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) Mixture of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyvinyl difluoride (PVDF) Polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) Polyamide 66 (PA66) Polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) Polyamide 46 (PA46)

Weitere günstige Kombinationen sind: Kern Mantel Polyäthylenterephthalat (PET) Polyäthersulfon (PES) Polyamid 66 (PA 66) mit hoher Viskosität Polyamid 66 (PA 66) mit niedriger Viskosität Polyamid 6 (PA 6) mit hoher Viskosität Polyamid 6 (PA 6) mit niedriger Viskosität Polyäthylenterephthalat (PET) Polytetrafluoräthylen (PTFE) Polyäthylenterephthalat (PET) Polyimid Polyäthylenterephthalat (PET) Polyphenylensulfid (PPS) Polyäthylenterephthalat (PET) Polypropylen (PP) Polyäthylenterephthalat (PET) Gemisch aus Polyäthylenterephthalat (PET) und Polytetrafluoräthylen (PTFE) Polyäthylenterephthalat (PET) Gemisch aus Polyäthylenterephthalat (PET) und Poly(m-xylylenadipamid) Polyamid 6 (PA6) Polypropylen (PP) Polyamid 6 (PA6) Polyvinylendifluorid (PVDF) Other favorable combinations are: core coat Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) Polyether sulfone (PES) Polyamide 66 (PA 66) with high viscosity Polyamide 66 (PA 66) with low viscosity Polyamide 6 (PA 6) with high viscosity Polyamide 6 (PA 6) with low viscosity Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) Polyimide Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) Polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) Polypropylene (PP) Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) Mixture of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) Mixture of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and poly (m-xylylene adipamide) Polyamide 6 (PA6) Polypropylene (PP) Polyamide 6 (PA6) Polyvinyl difluoride (PVDF)

Die erfindungsgemäßen Garne finden vielseitige Anwendung.The yarns according to the invention have a variety of uses.

Nähgarne aus üblichen Polymeren im Kern (PET, PA 66, PA 6) können mit hochtemperaturbeständigen Polymeren umhüllt werden, und sind somit für sehr hohe Nähgeschwindigkeiten geeignet Bei Seilen und Netzen aus Garnen kann der Mantel die chemische Beständigkeit, die UV-Beständigkeit bzw. die Temperaturbeständigkeit verbessern.Sewing threads made of conventional polymers in the core (PET, PA 66, PA 6) can be resistant to high temperatures Polymers are coated, and are therefore suitable for very high sewing speeds with ropes and nets The sheath can be made of yarns for chemical resistance, UV resistance or temperature resistance improve.

Bei Garnen zur Verstärkung von Elastomeren, beispielsweise bei Reifencord, die zur Verstärkung von Luftreifen, Treibriemen oder Transportbändern eingesetzt werden, kann durch den Mantel der Kern-Mantel-Fäden eine Haftverbesserung zwischen Kern und Elastomer erreicht werden. Auch bei faserverstärkten Kunststoffen kann auf diese Weise das Haftungsvermögen zwischen Garn und Kunststoff verbessert werden.In the case of yarns for reinforcing elastomers, for example in the case of tire cord which are used to reinforce pneumatic tires, Driving belts or conveyor belts can be used an improvement in adhesion due to the sheath of the core-sheath threads between the core and the elastomer. Also at fiber-reinforced plastics can do that Adhesion between yarn and plastic improved become.

Bei Teppichgarnen kann über den Mantel der Kern-Mantel-Fäden die Anfärbbarkeit der Fäden verbessert werden, auch wenn der Kern aus gut leitfähigem Material zur Verbesserung der antistatischen Eigenschaften besteht, dessen Farbe häufig sehr dunkel und schlecht mit anderen Farben anfärbbar ist. Durch Wahl von verschieden stark schrumpfendem Material zwischen Kern- und Mantelmaterial, kann bei Verwendung solcher Garne zur Herstellung von Teppichen über Wärmeeinwirkung im fertigen Teppich oder in Textilprodukten eine deutliche Kräuselung der Garne hervorgerufen werden. Profilierte Garne verbessern die Lichtstreuung. Durch spezielle Auswahl des Mantelmaterials der Kern-Mantel-Fäden kann das Brandverhalten und/oder das Verschmutzungsverhalten von aus solchen Kern-Mantel-Fäden hergestellten Teppichen oder Textilien wesentlich verbessert werden. Auch Schimmelbildung oder Faulverhalten kann verringert werden.In the case of carpet yarns, the core-sheath threads can be over the sheath the dyeability of the threads can be improved, even if the Core made of highly conductive material to improve the antistatic Properties exist, the color of which is very often dark and difficult to dye with other colors. By Choice of different shrinking material between Core and sheath material, can be used when using such yarns for the production of carpets by exposure to heat in the finished Carpet or in textile products a significant ripple of the yarns are caused. Improve profiled yarns the scattering of light. By special selection of the Sheath material of the core-sheath threads can change the fire behavior and / or the pollution behavior from such Core-coat threads made carpets or textiles be significantly improved. Also mold or Rotting behavior can be reduced.

Durch einen hydrophoben Mantel kann die Aufnahme von Feuchtigkeit von den Kern-Mantel-Fäden wirksam verhindert werden. Dies ist besonders interessant beim Einsatz der erfindungsgemäßen Garne im textilen Sektor. Es ist auch möglich, bereits mit Farbpigmenten vermischtes Polymer als Mantelkomponente zu verspinnen, wodurch sich spinngefärbte Kern-Mantel-Fäden ergeben. A hydrophobic coat can absorb moisture can be effectively prevented by the core-sheath threads. This is particularly interesting when using the invention Yarns in the textile sector. It is also possible already polymer mixed with color pigments as a sheath component to spin, creating spun-dyed core-sheath threads surrender.

Beim Einsatz der erfindungsgemäßen Garne in Vliesen kann durch entsprechende Auswahl an Polymeren die chemische Beständigkeit beispielsweise bei Filtervliesen verbessert werden. Auch können Ionentauschereigenschaften erreicht werden, oder das Brandverhalten beeinflußt werden.When using the yarns according to the invention in nonwovens through appropriate selection of polymers the chemical Resistance improved, for example with filter fleeces become. Ion exchange properties can also be achieved or the fire behavior can be influenced.

Die erfindungsgemäße Aufgabe wird auch gelöst durch ein Verfahren zum Herstellen der erfindungsgemäßen Garne, bei dem in an sich bekannter Weise (EP-A-0 011 954) die Kernkomponente über eine erste Spinndüsenplatte einer zweiten Spinndüsenplatte in mehreren Einzelströmen zugeführt wird, wobei zwischen der ersten und der zweiten Spinndüsenplatte jedem Kernkomponenten-Einzelstrom diesen umströmend die Mantelkomponente zugeführt wird, beide Komponenten gemeinsam ersponnen, verstreckt und aufgewickelt werden, wobei zumindest um den Bereich der Einzelströme der Kernkomponente herum die Mantelkomponente einem Strömungswiderstand ausgesetzt wird welches sich dadurch auszeichnet, daß als Strömungswiderstand ein Maschengeflecht verwendet wird, welches für jeden Einzelstrom eine Bohrung aufweist.The object of the invention is also achieved by a Process for producing the yarns according to the invention the core component in a manner known per se (EP-A-0 011 954) via a first spinneret plate to a second Spinneret plate is fed in several individual streams, being between the first and second spinneret plates each core component single stream flowing around it Sheath component is supplied, both components together be spun, stretched and wound, whereby at least around the area of Single streams of the core component around the cladding component is exposed to a flow resistance which is thereby is characterized by the fact that a mesh is used as flow resistance is used, which has a hole for each individual stream having.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren kann einstufig (ohne Zwischenaufwicklung) oder mehrstufig (mit Zwischenaufwicklung) durchgeführt werden.The method according to the invention can be carried out in one step (without Intermediate winding) or multi-stage (with intermediate winding) be performed.

Günstig ist es, wenn das Maschengeflecht den ganzen Zwischenraum zwischen erster und zweiter Spinndüsenplatte mit Ausnahme der Bohrungen für die Einzelströme ausfüllt. Auch andere Strömungswiderstände wie beispielsweise poröse Platten können verwendet werden. Durch das Maschengeflecht kann auch bei Spinndüsenplatten größerer Dimensionen der Abstand zwischen den beiden Spinndüsenplatten überall gleich groß gehalten werden, weil das Maschengeflecht gleichzeitig als Distanzplatte dient.It is beneficial if the mesh is the whole Clearance between the first and second spinneret plates with the exception of the holes for the individual flows. Other flow resistances such as porous, for example Plates can be used. Through the mesh can also be used with spinneret plates of larger dimensions The distance between the two spinneret plates is the same everywhere be kept large because the mesh at the same time serves as a spacer plate.

In einfacher Weise kann hierbei auch erreicht werden, daß gezielt Kern-Mantel-Fäden hergestellt werden können, die von Faden zu Faden unterschiedlichen Mantelanteil aufweisen. Hierzu werden für die einzelnen Kernströme unterschiedliche Widerstände für die Mantelströme gewählt. Wird der Widerstand so hoch gewählt, daß eine Umströmung des Mantelmaterials um einen speziellen Kernstrom unterbleibt, werden in einfacher Weise Einkomponentenfäden bewirkt.It can also be achieved in a simple manner that targeted core-sheath threads can be produced by Have different sheath proportions of thread to thread. For this purpose, different ones are used for the individual core flows Resistors selected for the sheath currents. Will the resistance chosen so high that a flow around the jacket material to avoid a special core current causes one-component threads in a simple manner.

Als Maschengeflechte haben sich solche besonders bewährt, die im Handel unter der Bezeichnung R.V.S. X mesh gewalzt, wobei x Werte von 30 bis 500 annimmt, erhältlich sind. Hierbei bedeutet R.V.S., daß es sich um rostfreien Stahl handelt, während x mesh bedeutet, daß x Drähte pro inch (2.54 cm) in beiden Richtungen im Sieb gewählt werden können, wobei die Drähte miteinander verwebt sind und einen Durchmesser von 0,5 bis 0,025 mm aufweisen. Such meshes have proven particularly useful, which are commercially available under the name R.V.S. X mesh rolled, where x assumes values from 30 to 500 are available. Here R.V.S. means that it is stainless steel while x mesh means x wires per inch (2.54 cm) in can be selected in both directions in the sieve, the Wires are interwoven and have a diameter of Have 0.5 to 0.025 mm.

Der Strömungswiderstand kann auch durch die Permeabilität des als Strömungswiderstand verwendeten Körpers bestimmt werden. Hierbei ist die Permeabilität K definiert mit K = - ηV∂ρ/∂x , wobei

η
die Viskosität der eingesetzten Flüssigkeit in Pa · s
V
die Geschwindigkeit der eingesetzten Flüssigkeit durch den Strömungswiderstand in m/sec
∂ρ/∂x
der Druckgradient in N/m3 in Strömungsrichtung.
The flow resistance can also be determined by the permeability of the body used as flow resistance. Here, the permeability K is defined with K = - ηV ∂ρ / ∂x , in which
η
the viscosity of the liquid used in Pa · s
V
the speed of the liquid used by the flow resistance in m / sec
∂ρ / ∂x
the pressure gradient in N / m 3 in the direction of flow.

Hieraus ergibt sich die Permeabilität in m2.This results in the permeability in m 2 .

Die Permeabilität K des zu verwendenden Strömungswiderstandes liegt bevorzugt zwischen 10-11 bis 3·10-10 m2.The permeability K of the flow resistance to be used is preferably between 10 -11 to 3 · 10 -10 m 2 .

Es ist besonders überraschend, daß das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren sowohl beim Schmelzspinnen als auch beim Lösungsmittelspinnen angewendet werden kann, wobei auch beide Spinnarten kombiniert werden können. Beispielsweise können beide Komponenten durch Schmelzspinnen oder Lösungsmittelspinnen hergestellt werden. Es kann aber auch beispielsweise die Kern-Komponente durch Schmelzspinnen und die Mantelkomponente durch Lösungsmittelspinnen erzeugt werden. Lösungsmittelspinnen bedeutet, daß die Spinnlösung aus einem in Lösungsmittel gelöstem Polymer besteht, während beim Schmelzspinnen ein erschmolzenes Polymer eingesetzt wird. It is particularly surprising that the invention Process both in melt spinning and in Solvent spinning can be applied, too both types of spinning can be combined. For example can both components by melt spinning or solvent spinning getting produced. But it can also, for example the core component by melt spinning and the Jacket component are generated by solvent spinning. Solvent spinning means that the spinning solution from a polymer dissolved in solvent, while at Melt spinning a melted polymer is used.

Wenn in der ersten und zweiten Spinndüsenplatte jeweils nur eine Spinndüsenöffnung vorgesehen ist, kann mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren ein Kern-Mantel-Einzelfaden hergestellt werden, der sich durch einen Mantel von sehr gleichmäßiger Stärke über den Umfang und über die Länge des Kern-Mantel-Einzelfadens auszeichnet.If only in the first and second spinneret plates a spinneret opening is provided with the inventive method a core-sheath single thread be made by a coat of very uniform thickness over the circumference and over the length of the Core-sheath single thread.

Die Erfindung wird anhand der nachfolgenden Figuren und Beispiele näher erläutert.The invention is based on the following figures and Examples explained in more detail.

Gemäß Figuren wird dargestellt:

Figur 1
der Bereich, der bei den erfindungsgemäßen Garnen gegenüber dem Stand der Technik erschlossen wird,
Figur 2
ein prinizpielles Verfahrensschema zum Herstellen der erfindungsgemäßen Garne,
Figur 3
schematisch den Aufbau einer Spinndüse, wie sie im Stand der Technik verwendet wird,
Figur 4
schematisch den Aufbau einer Spinndüse, die zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens erforderlich ist,
Figur 5 und 6
den Aufbau der Spinndüse gemäß Figur 4,
Figur 7
einen Teilquerschnitt durch ein Garn gemäß dem Stand der Technik
Figur 8
einen Teilquerschnitt durch ein erfindungsgemäßes Garn.
According to the figures:
Figure 1
the area which is developed in the yarns according to the invention compared to the prior art,
Figure 2
a basic process scheme for producing the yarns of the invention,
Figure 3
schematically the structure of a spinneret as used in the prior art,
Figure 4
schematically the structure of a spinneret, which is required to carry out the method according to the invention,
Figures 5 and 6
the structure of the spinneret according to FIG. 4,
Figure 7
a partial cross section through a yarn according to the prior art
Figure 8
a partial cross section through a yarn according to the invention.

In Figur 1 ist dargestellt, welcher Bereich durch die erfindungsgemäßen Garnen aus Kern-Mantel-Fäden erschlossen werden kann. Sie zeigt ein Diagramm, bei dem auf der Abszisse der Mantelanteil in Vol.-% und auf der Ordinate der Anteil A in % der Kern-Mantel-Fäden mit einem Mantelanteil M ± 0,1 M von allen Kern-Mantel-Fäden im Garn aufgetragen sind. Die im Stand der Technik mögliche Verteilung ergibt sich aus der schraffierten, mit Stand der Technik bezeichneten Fläche. Hieraus ergibt sich, daß es im Stand der Technik ohne weiteres möglich war, Garne aus Kern-Mantel-Fäden mit einem Mantelanteil von 25% herzustellen, bei denen sämtliche Kern-Mantel-Fäden einen Mantelanteil von 25% aufwiesen, während bei einem Garn mit Kern-Mantel-Fäden mit einem Mantelanteil von 10% lediglich nur noch 5% einen Mantelanteil von 10% aufwiesen. Erfindungsgemäß ist es nun gelungen, Garne mit deutlich verbesserter Gleichmäßigkeit zur Verfügung zu stellen. Hierbei entspricht Kurve A den Bedingungen gemäß Anspruch 1, Kurve B den Bedingungen gemäß Anspruch 2, und Kurve C den Bedingungen gemäß Anspruch 3.FIG. 1 shows which area is covered by the yarns according to the invention made from core-sheath threads can be. It shows a diagram in which on the Abscissa of the mantle fraction in vol Share A in% of the core-sheath threads with a sheath share M ± 0.1 M of all core-sheath threads in the yarn are. The distribution possible in the prior art results hatched from the state of the art Area. It follows from this that in the state of the Technology was easily possible, yarns from core-sheath threads with a jacket share of 25%, in which all core-sheath threads had a sheath share of 25%, while with a yarn with core-sheath threads a coat share of 10% only 5% Sheath proportion of 10%. According to the invention, it is now succeeded in yarns with significantly improved uniformity to provide. Here curve A corresponds to Conditions according to claim 1, curve B according to the conditions Claim 2, and curve C the conditions of claim 3.

In Figur 2 ist schematisch ein prinzipielles Verfahrensschema zum Herstellen der erfindungsgemäßen Garne dargestellt. Hierbei ist mit 1 ein Spinndüsenpaket bezeichnet, an welches eine Spinndüsenplattenkombination 2 angeflanscht ist, welche nachfolgend anhand der Figuren 3, 4, 5 und 6 näher erläutert wird. Dem Spinndüsenpaket 1 sind in üblicher Weise Extruder- und Schmelzeleitungen vorgeschaltet, (in der Figur nicht dargestellt). Nach Verlassen der ersponnenen Kern-Mantel- bzw. Homofäden 8 durchlaufen diese einen Kühlschacht 7, der mit Kühlluft 9 gespeist wird. Über eine Präparationswalze 5 werden die Fäden zusammengefaßt und einer Verstreckeinheit 3, 4 zugeführt und anschließend auf eine Spule 6 als fertiges Garn aufgewickelt. A basic process scheme is shown schematically in FIG shown for producing the yarns of the invention. Here, 1 denotes a spinneret pack which flanged a spinneret plate combination 2 3, 4, 5 and 6 is explained in more detail. The spinneret pack 1 are more common Way upstream of extruder and melt lines, (in the Figure not shown). After leaving the spun Core-sheath or homo threads 8 run through them Cooling shaft 7, which is fed with cooling air 9. Over a Preparation roller 5, the threads are summarized and a stretching unit 3, 4 fed and then on a bobbin 6 wound as a finished yarn.

In Figur 3 ist ein Ausschnitt aus einer aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Spinndüse dargestellt, bei der eine erste Spinndüsenplatte mit 10 und eine zweite Spinndüsenplatte mit 11 bezeichnet ist. Der Kern-Schmelzestrom wird über Spinndüsen 12 durch die erste Spinndüsenplatte 10 der zweiten Spinndüsenplatte 11 zugeführt und mündet dabei in den Spinndüsenkelch 13. Der Mantelstrom fließt in den Zwischenraum zwischen Düsenplatte 10 und 11 und umströmt somit jeden aus einer Düse 12 kommenden Kernstrom. Auf diese Weise wird jedem Kernkomponenten-Einzelstrom diesen umströmend die Mantelkomponente zugeführt, wonach beide Komponenten gemeinsam durch den Düsenkelch 13 in die Spinndüsenöffnung 14 fließen, woraus diese extrudiert werden. In dem Bereich, in den der Mantelstrom den Kernstrom umströmt, sind an der zweiten Düsenplatte 11 Erhebungen 15 vorgesehen.In Figure 3 is a section of a from the state of the Technically known spinneret shown in which a first Spinneret plate with 10 and a second spinneret plate with 11 is designated. The core melt flow is over Spinnerets 12 through the first spinneret plate 10 of the supplied second spinneret plate 11 and opens into the spinneret cup 13. The jacket stream flows into the Space between the nozzle plate 10 and 11 and flows around thus each core stream coming from a nozzle 12. To this In this way, each core component individual stream flows around it supplied the jacket component, after which both components together through the nozzle cup 13 into the spinneret opening 14 flow, from which these are extruded. In the area in which the sheath flow flows around the core flow, elevations 15 are provided on the second nozzle plate 11.

In Figur 4 ist schematisch der Aufbau einer Spinndüse dargestellt, wie sie bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren Verwendung findet. Eine erste Spinndüsenplatte ist mit 20, eine zweite Spinndüsenplatte mit 21 bezeichnet. Die Zuführung der Kernkomponente erfolgt über Öffnung 26 in einen Düsenkanal 22, der sich in der zweiten Düsenplatte 21 als Kanal 23 fortsetzt. Die Mantelkomponente wird über Ringkanäle 28 zwischen Düsenplatte 20 und 21 gleichmäßig verteilt, wobei der Zwischenraum zwischen Düsenplatte 20 und 21 mit einem Metalldrahtgeflecht 27 derart ausgefüllt ist, daß die Düsenkanäle 22 und 23 durchgehend frei bleiben. Die Mantelkomponente wird somit vom Ringkanal 28 über das Metalldrahtgeflecht 27 der Kernkomponente umströmend zugeführt. Hierbei wirkt das Metalldrahtgeflecht auf die Mantelkomponente als Strömungswiderstand. Kern- und Mantelkomponente werden gemeinsam über die Düse 24 ersponnen. The structure of a spinneret is shown schematically in FIG. as used in the method according to the invention finds. A first spinneret plate is 20, one second spinneret plate designated 21. The feeding of the The core component takes place via opening 26 in a nozzle channel 22, which is in the second nozzle plate 21 as a channel 23 continues. The jacket component is via ring channels 28 evenly distributed between nozzle plate 20 and 21, wherein the space between the nozzle plate 20 and 21 with a Metal wire mesh 27 is filled in such a way that the nozzle channels 22 and 23 remain free throughout. The jacket component is thus from the ring channel 28 over the metal wire mesh 27 fed around the core component. Here the metal wire mesh acts on the sheath component as Flow resistance. The core and sheath components become common spun over the nozzle 24.

Figur 5 und 6 zeigt eine Ausführungsform einer Spinndüse, wie sie für das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren Verwendung findet, wobei Figur 5 einen Längsschnitt und Figur 6 einen Querschnitt darstellt. Über Kanal 32 wird die Kernkomponente der ersten Spinndüsenplatte 20 zugeführt, während die Mantelkomponente über Kanal 33 (Fortführung ist gestrichelt dargestellt, weil Kanal 33 außerhalb der Zeichenebene verläuft) über dessen Fortsetzung 34 durch die erste Spinndüsenplatte 20 hindurch in die Ringkanäle (nicht bezeichnet) zwischen erster und zweiter Spinndüsenplatte geführt wird. Zwischen erster Düsenplatte 20 und zweiter Düsenplatte 21 ist der Strömungswiderstand 27 eingelegt, welcher gleichzeitig als Distanzhalter zwischen erster und zweiter Düsenplatte 20 und 21 fungiert. Mit 31 sind Zentrierstifte und mit 30 Dichtungen bezeichnet. Büchsen 35 verhindern eine Leckage der Mantelkomponente zwischen Kanalplatte 29 und erster Spinndüsenplatte 20.FIGS. 5 and 6 show an embodiment of a spinneret, as they use for the inventive method 5, a longitudinal section and FIG. 6 a Represents cross section. The core component is channel 32 of the first spinneret plate 20 while the Sheath component via channel 33 (continuation is dashed shown because channel 33 runs outside the drawing plane) via its continuation 34 through the first spinneret plate 20 into the ring channels (not designated) between the first and second spinneret plate. Between the first nozzle plate 20 and the second nozzle plate 21 the flow resistance 27 is inserted, which at the same time as a spacer between the first and second nozzle plate 20 and 21 acts. At 31 are centering pins and designated with 30 seals. Bushes 35 prevent one Leakage of the jacket component between channel plate 29 and first spinneret plate 20.

In Figur 7 ist ein Teilquerschnitt eines Garns aus Kern-Mantel-Fäden dargestellt, wie es gemäß dem Stand der Technik erhältlich ist. Der Mantel ist mit 37 und der Kern mit 36 bezeichnet. Man kann erkennen, daß sowohl Kern- als auch Mantelfläche von Faden zu Faden stark variieren. Auch über die Länge der einzelnen Fäden können stark unterschiedliche Mantel- und/oder Kernflächen festgestellt werden.In Figure 7 is a partial cross section of a yarn made of core-sheath threads shown as it is according to the prior art is available. The coat is 37 and the core is 36 designated. One can see that both core and Vary the surface area from thread to thread. Also about the length of each thread can vary widely Shell and / or core surfaces can be determined.

In Figur 8 ist ein entsprechender Teilquerschnitt eines erfindungsgemäßen Garns dargestellt. Hierbei fällt die Gleichmäßigkeit der Kernfläche 38 und Mantelfläche 39 auf. In Figure 8 is a corresponding partial cross section yarns according to the invention shown. Here falls the Uniformity of the core surface 38 and the outer surface 39.

Die Erfindung wird anhand von Beispielen näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail by means of examples.

Beispiele 1 bis 9Examples 1 to 9

Die Beispiele 1 bis 9 zeigen die Variationsbreite, innerhalb welcher die erfindungsgemäßen Garne hergestellt werden können.Examples 1 to 9 show the range of variation, within which the yarns of the invention are made can.

Bei Beispiel 1 bis 3 wurde als Kern-Polymer ein Polyester mit einer für textile Garne typischen relativen Viskosität (1 g Polymer in 100 g m-Kresol, gemessen bei 25°C), bei den Beispielen 4 bis 6 ein Polyester mit einer für technische Garne niedrigen relativen Viskosität, und bei den Beispielen 7 bis 9 ein Polyester mit hoher Viskosität, wie er beispielsweise für Reifenkord oder für Nähgarne eingesetzt wird, gewählt. In allen Fällen wurde als Mantelmaterial Polyamid 66 (PA66) eingesetzt.In Examples 1 to 3, a polyester was used as the core polymer with a relative viscosity typical for textile yarns (1 g polymer in 100 g m-cresol, measured at 25 ° C), in the Examples 4 to 6 a polyester with a for technical Yarns low relative viscosity, and in the examples 7 to 9 a high viscosity polyester as he used for example for tire cords or for sewing threads is selected. In all cases it was used as a jacket material Polyamide 66 (PA66) used.

Innerhalb der oben erwähnten Beispielgruppen wurde jeweils der Spinnpumpendurchsatz von Kern- und Mantel-Komponente variiert. Als Strömungswiderstand wurde ein Maschengeflecht "R.V.S. 60 mesh gewalzt" eingesetzt (Nähere Beschreibung siehe Beispiel 10 bis 15). Die eingesetzte Spinndüse entsprach der gemäß Figur 4 bis 6 dargestellten.Within each of the sample groups mentioned above the spinning pump throughput of core and jacket components varies. A mesh was used as flow resistance "R.V.S. 60 mesh rolled" used (detailed description see examples 10 to 15). The spinneret used corresponded to that shown in FIGS. 4 to 6.

Die Kern-Mantel-Fäden wurden nach einem Verfahren hergestellt, wie es oben anhand von Figur 2 näher erläutert wurde. Allerdings unterblieb eine Verstreckung. Die Verfahrensbedingungen und die eingesetzten Polymere ergeben sich aus Tabelle 1. Weiterhin ist in der Tabelle 1 angegeben, wieviel Prozent (A(%) ) der Kern-Mantel-Fäden M Vol.-% Mantel (bei Berücksichtigung aller Kern-Mantelfäden, die (M ± 0,1 M) % Mantel) am Gesamtvolumen des jeweiligen Fadens aufweisen. Bei der Angabe von A (%) handelt es sich um statistische Mittelwerte von 10 Querschnittsmessungen an verschiedenen Stellen des jeweiligen Garns.The core-sheath threads were made by a process as explained in more detail above with reference to FIG. 2 has been. However, there was no stretching. The procedural conditions and the polymers used result from Table 1. Table 1 also shows what percentage (A (%)) of the core-sheath threads M Vol .-% sheath (taking into account all core sheath threads, the (M ± 0.1 M)% coat) of the total volume of each Have thread. The specification of A (%) is around statistical mean values of 10 cross-sectional measurements different places of the respective yarn.

Die Werte von A beweisen die Gleichmäßigkeit, mit denen die erfindungsgemäßen Garne zur Verfügung gestellt werden können, wobei auch die Durchmesser D der einzelnen Kern-Mantel-Fäden im Garn als sehr gleichmäßig bezeichnet werden können, weil diese ebenfalls in einem Bereich von etwa (D ± 0,1 D) liegen.

Figure 00170001
The values of A prove the uniformity with which the yarns according to the invention can be made available, and the diameters D of the individual core-sheath threads in the yarn can also be described as very uniform, because these also lie in a range of approximately (D. ± 0.1 D).
Figure 00170001

Beispiele 10 bis 15Examples 10 to 15

Gemäß den Beispielen 10 bis 15 sollen verschiedene Reifenkorde hergestellt und deren Eigenschaften ermittelt werden.According to Examples 10 to 15, various tire cords should be used manufactured and their properties are determined.

Hierzu wurde als Kern-Polymer ein Polyester mit einer relativen Viskosität von 2,04 gewählt. Als Mantel-Material wurde bei den Beispielen 10 und 11 Polyamid 66 (PA66) und bei den Beispielen 12 bis 15 ein Gemisch aus Polyamid 66 und 0,3 Gewichts-% Poly(m-xylylenadipamid) (in der Tabelle mit "PA66 + Zusatz" bezeichnet) eingesetzt. Dieses Gemisch weist eine besonders gute Haftfähigkeit gegenüber Polyester wie auch gegenüber von elastomeren Werkstoffen, insbesondere Gummi, auf.For this purpose, a polyester with a relative Viscosity selected from 2.04. As a coat material was in Examples 10 and 11 polyamide 66 (PA66) and in Examples 12 to 15 a mixture of polyamide 66 and 0.3 % By weight poly (m-xylylene adipamide) (in the table with "PA66 + Addition "designated) used. This mixture has a particularly good adhesion to polyester as well compared to elastomeric materials, especially rubber, on.

Jede Kern-Mantel-Kombination wurde einmal mit 900 m/min und einmal mit 500 m/min ohne Verstreckung aufgewickelt, wobei wiederum ein Verfahren gemäß Figur 2 durchgeführt wurde. Als Strömungswiderstand wurde ein Maschengeflecht mit der Bezeichnung "R.V.S. 60 mesh gewalzt" eingesetzt. Dieses Maschengeflecht bestand also aus rostfreien Stahldrähten. Sowohl in Längs- als auch in Querrichtung waren 60 Drähte pro inch (2.54 cm) miteinander verwoben. Das im Handel erhältliche Maschengeflecht enthielt Stahldrähte mit einem Durchmesser von 0,16 mm.Each core-shell combination was once at 900 m / min once wound at 500 m / min without stretching, whereby again a method according to FIG. 2 was carried out. As Flow resistance became a mesh with the designation "R.V.S. 60 mesh rolled" used. This mesh So it was made of stainless steel wire. As well in Longitudinally and transversely, there were 60 wires per inch (2.54 cm) interwoven. The mesh available commercially contained steel wires with a diameter of 0.16 mm.

Die eingesetzte Spinndüse entsprach der gemäß Fig. 4 bis 6 dargestellten.The spinneret used corresponded to that shown in FIGS. 4 to 6 shown.

Bei den Beispielen 14 und 15 wurde im Verfahrensablauf direkt unterhalt der Spinndüse ein 0,4 m langes Heizrohr zur Erreichung einer verzögerten Abkühlung eingesetzt. Die gewählten Verfahrensbedingungen ergeben sich aus Tabelle 2.

Figure 00190001
In Examples 14 and 15, a 0.4 m long heating tube was used directly to maintain a slow cooling in the course of the process while maintaining the spinneret. The selected process conditions are shown in Table 2.
Figure 00190001

Die erhaltenen Garne wurden anschließend auf einer Verstreckanlage verstreckt. Hierbei lief das Garn von der Spinnspule in ein erstes Trio. Vom Trio wurde das Garn über ein Septett einem zweiten Trio zugeführt und dann durch eine 10 m lange Dampfbehandlungsstrecke, in welcher das Garn mit Dampf mit einer Temperatur von 250°C behandelt wurde, einem dritten Trio zugeführt und dann unter Einhaltung der Streckgeschwindigkeit aufgewickelt. Das Septett wurde auf einer Temperatur von 75°C gehalten.The yarns obtained were then on a drawing machine stretched. The yarn ran from the spinning bobbin in a first trio. From the trio, the yarn was over one Septet fed to a second trio and then through a 10 m long steam treatment section, in which the yarn with steam treated with a temperature of 250 ° C, a third Trio fed and then maintaining the stretching speed wound up. The septet was at a temperature kept at 75 ° C.

Die für die Garne gemäß Beispiel 10 bis 15 gewählten Streckverhältnisse und Streckgeschwindigkeiten sind aus Tabelle 3 ersichtlich. Hierbei bedeutet Streckverhältnis Septett das Streckverhältnis, mit dem das Garn beim Durchlaufen des Septetts beaufschlagt wurde. Das Gesamtverstreckverhältnis ergibt sich aus dem Geschwindigkeitsunterschied zwischen erstem und dritten Trio. Beispiel 10 11 12 13 14 15 Streckverhältnis Septett 2.48 3.30 2.51 3.10 3.21 3.70 Streckverhältnis Gesamt 3.80 5.45 3.80 5.10 5.15 6.50 Streckgeschwindigkeit (m/min) 138 185 138 144 185 184 The draw ratios and draw speeds selected for the yarns according to Examples 10 to 15 are shown in Table 3. Here, the draw ratio of the septet means the draw ratio which was applied to the yarn as it passed through the septet. The total draw ratio results from the speed difference between the first and third trio. example 10th 11 12th 13 14 15 Aspect ratio of septet 2.48 3.30 2.51 3.10 3.21 3.70 Total stretch ratio 3.80 5.45 3.80 5.10 5.15 6.50 Stretching speed (m / min) 138 185 138 144 185 184

Die Eigenschaften des auf diese Weise erhaltenen Garns sind unter "Garn" in Tabelle 4 aufgeführt. Hierbei bedeutet LASE 1% (N) die Festigkeit des Garns in (N) bei einer vorgegebenen Dehnung von 1% (Load at specific elongation). Entsprechendes gilt für LASE 2% und LASE 5%.The properties of the yarn obtained in this way are listed under "Yarn" in Table 4. Here LASE means 1% (N) the strength of the yarn in (N) at a given Elongation of 1% (Load at specific elongation). Corresponding applies to LASE 2% and LASE 5%.

HAS 4'/160°C (Hot air shrinkage 4 min bei 160°C) gibt den Heißluftschrumpf des Garns an, wenn das Garn 4 min unter einer Belastung von 5 m N/tex einer Temperatur von 160°C ausgesetzt wird.HAS 4 '/ 160 ° C (hot air shrinkage 4 min at 160 ° C) gives that Hot air shrinkage of the yarn when the yarn is under a 4 min Exposed to 5 m N / tex at a temperature of 160 ° C becomes.

Die erhaltenen Garne wurden jeweils zu einem Reifenkord der Konstruktion 1100 (Z 472) x 2 (S 472) verseilt. Die Eigenschaften des Reifenkord mit dieser Konstruktion sind unter der Bezeichnung "Kord" ebenfalls in Tabelle 4 aufgeführt.The yarns obtained each became a tire cord Construction 1100 (Z 472) x 2 (S 472) stranded. The properties the tire cord with this construction are under the Designation "cord" also listed in Table 4.

Der auf diese Weise erhaltene Cord wurde auf übliche Weise mit einer Haftschicht versehen. Hierbei wurde der Kord hintereinander 120 sec durch einen Ofen mit einer Temperatur von 150°C unter einer Spannung von 5 N, durch ein Bad, und 45 sec durch einen Ofen mit einer Temperatur von 240°C unter einer Spannung von 5 N geführt. Das Bad enthielt folgende Bestandteile:

  • Demineralisiertes Wasser,
  • Natronlauge,
  • Resorcin,
  • Formaldehyd,
  • VP-Latex,
  • Ammoniak.
    • The cord obtained in this way was provided with an adhesive layer in the usual way. Here, the cord was passed in succession for 120 seconds through an oven at a temperature of 150 ° C. under a tension of 5 N, through a bath, and for 45 seconds through an oven at a temperature of 240 ° C. under a tension of 5 N. The bath contained the following components:
  • Demineralised water,
  • Caustic soda,
  • Resorcinol,
  • Formaldehyde,
  • VP latex,
  • Ammonia.

    • Die Eigenschaften des auf diese Weise präparierten Kords sind unter "gedippter Kord" ebenfalls in Tabelle 4 aufgeführt.The characteristics of the cord prepared in this way are also listed in Table 4 under "dipped cord".

    Die Werte für A und M waren für das Garn, den Kord und den gedippten Kord identisch, weshalb diese Werte jeweils nur unter "Garn" aufgeführt sind.

    Figure 00240001
    The values for A and M were identical for the yarn, the cord and the dipped cord, which is why these values are only listed under "Yarn".
    Figure 00240001

    Claims (17)

    1. Yarn made of core-sheath-filaments and optionally additional one-component filaments, wherein core and sheath of the core-sheath-filaments are manufactured by extruding spinnable polymers and at least virtually all of the core-sheath-filaments have a complete sheath, characterized in that, of all of the core-sheath-filaments in the yarn, the percentage of core-sheath-filaments A, of which each core-sheath-filament has a sheath representing (M ± 0.1 M)% of the total volume of the core-sheath-filament, simultaneously satisfies the following conditions: A ≤ 100 M ≥ 0.5 A ≥ 30 + (0.1 M)8.
    2. Yarn according to claim 1, wherein A ≥ 40 + 7 (0.1 M)8.
    3. Yarn according to claim 1, wherein A ≥ 50 + 100 (0.1 M)8.
    4. Yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that at least 60% of the core-sheath-filaments have a sheath component of (M ± 0.1 M), with M being ≤ 9% by volume.
    5. Yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that at least 70% of the core-sheath-filaments have a sheath component of (M ± 0.1 M), with 1% by volume ≤ M ≤ 7% by volume.
    6. Yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that at least 75% of the core-sheath-filaments have a sheath component of (M ± 0.1 M), with 3% by volume ≤ M ≤ 6% by volume.
    7. Yarn according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that in the core-sheath-filaments the core is made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and the sheath is made of polyamide 66 (PA 66).
    8. Yarn according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that in the core-sheath-filaments the core is made of PET and the sheath is made of a mixture of PA 66 and poly(m-xylylene adipamide).
    9. Yarn according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that in the core-sheath-filaments the core is made of PA 46 and the sheath is made of PA 66.
    10. Yarn according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that in the core-sheath-filaments the core is made of high-viscosity PET and the sheath is made of low-viscosity PET.
    11. Yarn according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that in the core-sheath-filaments the core is made of PET and the sheath is made of a mixture of PET and PVDF.
    12. Method of manufacturing a yarn according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the core material is supplied in a plurality of individual jets via a first spinning nozzle plate to a second spinning nozzle plate and, between the first and the second spinning nozzle plate, the sheath material is supplied to and flows around each individual jet of core material, both materials being jointly spun, stretched and wound, wherein at least around the region of the individual jets of the core material the sheath material is exposed to a flow resistance, characterized in that as a flow resistance a wire mesh is used, which has one bore for each individual jet.
    13. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that a flow resistance having a permeability of between 10-11 and 3x10-10 m2 is selected.
    14. Method according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the wire mesh has 12 to 200 wires per centimetre (30 - 500/inch).
    15. Method according to one or more of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that, to manufacture the homofilaments, the resistance is set so high that the sheath material does not flow around the individual jets provided for manufacturing homofilaments.
    16. Method according to one or more of claims 12 to 15, characterized in that the sheath and/or core material is melt-spun.
    17. Method according to one or more of claims 12 to 15, characterized in that the sheath and/or core material is spun dissolved in a solvent.
    EP90109044A 1989-05-16 1990-05-14 Yarn from core-skin filaments and process for its preparation Expired - Lifetime EP0398221B2 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (4)

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    DE3915819A DE3915819A1 (en) 1989-05-16 1989-05-16 Making high grade core-sheath fibre yarn
    DE3915819 1989-05-16
    DE3926246 1989-08-09
    DE3926246 1989-08-09

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    EP0623765B2 (en) * 1993-02-19 2002-01-23 ARTEVA TECHNOLOGIES S.à.r.l. Heterofilaments for cord reinforcement in power transmission belts
    US5447794A (en) * 1994-09-07 1995-09-05 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Polyamide sheath-core filaments with reduced staining by acid dyes and textile articles made therefrom
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    CN101880920B (en) * 2010-06-30 2011-09-07 盐城市中联复合纤维有限公司 Preparation method of nylon 66/tackified polyester composite sheath core fiber
    US9022229B2 (en) * 2012-03-09 2015-05-05 General Electric Company Composite membrane with compatible support filaments
    KR101537260B1 (en) * 2013-03-14 2015-07-16 코오롱패션머티리얼(주) Nylon potential crimped yarn with excellent shirnkage and cooling touch
    CN105274649A (en) * 2015-11-24 2016-01-27 马海燕 Large-diameter PVDF-PA6 skin-core type composite monofilament and production method thereof
    CN105401234B (en) * 2015-12-29 2019-07-12 重庆市大通茂纺织科技有限公司 A kind of screw extruding method of composite fibre
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    AR245232A1 (en) 1993-12-30
    EP0425629A1 (en) 1991-05-08
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    CZ238890A3 (en) 1993-01-13
    JPH03506053A (en) 1991-12-26

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