EP0376643A2 - Antenne mit einer flachen Platte für mobile Kommunikation - Google Patents
Antenne mit einer flachen Platte für mobile Kommunikation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0376643A2 EP0376643A2 EP89313506A EP89313506A EP0376643A2 EP 0376643 A2 EP0376643 A2 EP 0376643A2 EP 89313506 A EP89313506 A EP 89313506A EP 89313506 A EP89313506 A EP 89313506A EP 0376643 A2 EP0376643 A2 EP 0376643A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- flat
- strip line
- plate
- line resonator
- table type
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
- H01Q1/325—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle
- H01Q1/3275—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle mounted on a horizontal surface of the vehicle, e.g. on roof, hood, trunk
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
- H01Q9/40—Element having extended radiating surface
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an antenna for use in mobile communications such as automobile telephones and MCA (multi-channel access), etc. which is flat-plate shaped and installed in a flat portion such as roof, trunk lid, etc. of the body of a vehicle such as an automobile, etc.
- MCA multi-channel access
- wire-form antennas have been used in the past as antennas for mobile communications.
- the reasons for this are that wire-form antennas have maximum radiative characteristics in the horizontal direction, as required for mobile communications, and such antennas can easily be endowed with characteristics which are non-directional in the horizontal plane.
- antennas used for automobile telephones and MCA require broad-band characteristics, and since broad-band techniques have been well established for wire-form antennas, the design and development of such antennas are relatively easy.
- antennas with a multi-layer structure have been proposed in the past.
- Such multi-layer antennas has a complex integral structure and is therefore difficult to adapt as a commercial product.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a flat-plate antenna for use in mobile communications which has sufficient broad-band characteristics and has a simple structure.
- a strip line resonator is provided inside or underneath a table type antenna element and a capacitor electrode is installed on the strip line resonator at a position directly facing the center of the table type antenna element.
- a strip line resonator is inside a table type antenna element and a capacitor electrode is installed on the strip line resonator so that it directly faces the center of the table type antenna element.
- the structure of this antenna is simple and has adequate broad-band characteristics.
- Fig. 1A is a perspective view of the antenna of the present invention and Fig. 1B is a front view thereof with a connecting plate omitted.
- Fig. 1C is a circuit diagram showing an equivalent circuit of the antenna of Fig. 1A.
- the antenna of the present invention includes the following components: A table type antenna element 10, a ground plate 20 which is under the antenna element 10, a strip line resonator 30 which is installed inside or underneath the table type antenna element 10, and a capacitor electrode 40 which is installed on the strip line resonator 30 in a position opposite the central portion of the table type antenna element 10. In other words, the electrode 40 is directly below the center of the antenna element 10. Furthermore, the antenna of the present invention includes a feeder line 60 which has a feeding point at a prescribed position on the strip line resonator 30.
- the table type antenna element 10 includes a circular or oblong conductive flat-plate 10A and a multiple number of connecting parts 11, 12, 13 and 14, which electrically connect the flat-plate 10A to the ground plate 20. This antenna element 10 is excited in the monopole mode.
- Both ends of the strip line resonator 30 are grounded to the ground plate 20 via legs 30A.
- This strip line resonator 30 also serves as an impedance transformer.
- the electrostatic capacitance C c is provided between the capacitor electrode 40 and the table type antenna element 10 and indicated by the capacitor symbol in Fig. 1B.
- the feeder line 60 is shown as being led out from beneath the ground plate 20; however, it may also be installed parallel to the ground plate 20 as indicated by reference numeral 61 in Fig. 1A.
- Fig. 2A illustrates the relationship between the feeder line 60 and the table type antenna element 10 excited in the monopole mode in the embodiment.
- the table type antenna element 10 is excited in the monopole mode, i.e., where the current flowing through the flat-plate 10A flows uniformly from the center toward the periphery, and the top plate resonates in the lowest-order mode ( ⁇ /2), the voltage distribution reaches the maximum in the central portion of the table type antenna element 10, and the impedance characteristics as viewed from the center of the flat plate 10A may be treated as those of a parallel resonance circuit of the type shown in Fig. 2B in the vicinity of the resonant frequency.
- Fig. 3A shows the strip line resonator 30 which has both ends grounded and is equipped with the capacitor electrode 40 in the above-described embodiment.
- the resonator shown in Fig. 3A resonates in the lowest-order mode ( ⁇ /2)
- the voltage in the area of the capacitor electrode 40 reaches the maximum
- the impedance characteristics as viewed from the feeding point 50 of the feeder line 60 may be treated as those of a tapped parallel resonance circuit of the type shown in Fig. 3B in the vicinity of the resonant frequency.
- the embodiment illustrated in Figs. 1A and 1B may be viewed as a combination of the table type antenna element 10 shown in Fig. 2A and the strip line resonator shown in Fig. 3A.
- the feeder line 60a of Fig. 2A is omitted, and the feeder line 60 is used instead.
- a primary resonance circuit formed by the strip line resonator 30 and a secondary resonance circuit formed by the table type antenna element 10 are electrostatically coupled by the electrostatic capacitance C c between the electrode plates.
- a double tuning circuit based on capacitive coupling is formed in apparent terms in the vicinity of the resonant frequency, as shown in Fig. 1C.
- the resonant frequency on the primary side and the resonant frequency on the secondary side are tuned to the frequency being used, the coupling capacitance C c is set at the critical coupling value, and the position of the feeding point 50 is selected, so that the impedance of the flat-plate antenna of Fig. 1A and the impedance of the feeder line are in a matched state.
- the reflection loss of the flat-plate antenna for use in mobile communications shown in Fig. 1A can be reduced, and a good VSWR value can be obtained across a broad band.
- the antenna must be excellent in certain respects: First, the antenna must have superior directional characteristics. In other words, the antenna must show maximum radiative characteristics in the horizontal direction and must be non-directional within the horizontal plane. Second, the antenna must have broad-band characteristics. For example, in the case of an automobile telephone, the band width must adequately cover 80 MHz band. In Addition, the antenna must have superior impedance matching (matching between the feeder line 60 and the flat-plate antenna for use in mobile communications must be adequately achieved across a broad band), and the antenna should also be superior in terms of its mechanical structure. That is, the structure should be simple and easy to manufacture, and mechanical errors occurring in the manufacturing process should not have any great effect on the antenna characteristics.
- the table type antenna element 10 is shaped so that it is excited in the monopole mode.
- the antenna is shaped so that it has an axially symmetrical flat-plate 10A and a multiple number of connecting parts which electrically connect this flat-plate 10A to the ground plate 20.
- the required directional characteristics can be obtained.
- broad-band characteristics in regard to broad-band characteristics, flat-plate antennas which are excited in the monopole mode generally have a narrow band width. Broad-band characteristics can be obtained to some extent by connecting the circular plate to a ground plate via a grounding post. However, there are limits to the improvement that can be achieved in this way. Accordingly, in the above-mentioned embodiment, broad-band characteristics are obtained by installing a strip line resonator 30 inside the table type antenna element 10, and electrostatically coupling this resonator 30 with the antenna element 10.
- the next thing to be considered is an impedance matching.
- impedance matching In order to cause stable excitation in the monopole mode, it is ordinarily necessary to position the feeding point in the central portion of the antenna. However, since the center of the antenna is where the voltage is at the maximum, it is difficult to achieve matching between the antenna and the feeder line 60. Accordingly, in the above-described embodiment, feeding is accomplished with the table type antenna element 10 and strip line resonator 30 coupled via the electrostatic capacitance C c . Consequently, the impedance of the flat-plate antenna for use in mobile communications and the impedance of the feeder line 60 can be matched by varying the position of the feeding point 50 between one grounded end of the strip line resonator 30 and the capacitor electrode 40.
- the mechanical structure of the above-described embodiment is as follows:
- the table type antenna element 10 and strip line resonator 30 are finished separately from each other in mechanical terms and then these two parts are simply combined.
- the mechanical demand in the antenna manufacturing process is minimal. Accordingly, the cost of the product is reduced, and as long as ordinary working precision is maintained, there is no deterioration in the antenna characteristics or insufficiency in terms of the mechanical strength of the antenna.
- Furthermore, if there is a mechanical dimensional error at the time of assembly tends to result in a change in the coupling capacitance. Even in such cases, however, the only effect will be a certain change in the band width; accordingly, there is no essential effect on the antenna characteristics.
- Fig. 7 is a graph which shows the change in the reflection loss of the antenna that occurs when the coupling capacitance C c is varied in the above described embodiment.
- Fig. 8A is a graph which shows measurements of the reflection loss in the embodiment
- Fig. 8B is a graph which shows one example of impedance characteristics in the embodiment indicated by means of a Smith chart.
- the radiative directional characteristics of the antenna in the embodiment the direction of maximum radiation of a table-form flat-plate antenna resonating in the monopole mode is more or less horizontal, and such an antenna is more or less non-directional within the horizontal plane.
- Fig. 9 is a graph which shows one example of directional characteristics in the vertical plane in a case where the flat-plate antenna of the embodiment is attached to a circular plate-form ground plate with a diameter of 1.5 m.
- the directionality is oriented slightly upward, since a ground plate of finite length is used. However, in cases where a ground plate of an undefined much greater length is used, the directionality is more or less horizontal.
- Fig. 4A is a perspective view which illustrates another embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 4B is a front view thereof with the connecting part 14 shown in Fig. 4A omitted.
- a strip line resonator 31 which is approximately half the length of the strip line resonator 30 of the previous embodiment, and is installed on one side only, is used instead of the strip line resonator 30.
- the capacitor electrode 40 is positioned so that it is located roughly in the center of the table type antenna element 10.
- an equivalent circuit is formed which is similar to that shown in Fig. 1C.
- the strip line resonator 31 resonates at one-fourth ( ⁇ /4) the wavelength of the frequency used.
- Figs. 5, 6A and 6B illustrate modifications of the table type antenna element 10.
- the positions of the connecting parts 11a, 12a, 13a and 14a are set not at the edges of the table type antenna element 10a, but rather at prescribed points which are all substantially equidistant from the center of the antenna.
- the table type antenna element 10b is constructed using a flat-plate which has the shape of a regular octagon. Connecting parts 11b, 12b, 13b and 14b are connected to this flat-plate 10b. In addition to circular and octagonal flat-plates, it would also be possible to use the flat-plate design with other regular polygonal shapes, e.g., hexagonal, etc.
- the table type antenna 1°C may have rod-form connecting parts 11c, 12c, 13c and 14c.
- the resonant frequency of the table type antenna can be adjusted by adjusting the size (length, width, diameter) of the connecting parts.
- the structure of the antenna is simple and has adequate broad-band characteristics.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
- Details Of Aerials (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
- Support Of Aerials (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP330589/88 | 1988-12-27 | ||
JP33058988A JPH0821812B2 (ja) | 1988-12-27 | 1988-12-27 | 移動通信用平板アンテナ |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0376643A2 true EP0376643A2 (de) | 1990-07-04 |
EP0376643A3 EP0376643A3 (en) | 1990-11-28 |
EP0376643B1 EP0376643B1 (de) | 1994-02-16 |
Family
ID=18234344
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19890313506 Expired - Lifetime EP0376643B1 (de) | 1988-12-27 | 1989-12-22 | Antenne mit einer flachen Platte für mobile Kommunikation |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0376643B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JPH0821812B2 (de) |
AU (1) | AU598980B1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE68913180T2 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2051376T3 (de) |
Cited By (38)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5181044A (en) * | 1989-11-15 | 1993-01-19 | Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. | Top loaded antenna |
EP0400872B1 (de) * | 1989-05-23 | 1994-01-19 | Harada Industry Co., Ltd. | Ebene Plattenantenne für die mobile Kommunikation |
US5294938A (en) * | 1991-03-15 | 1994-03-15 | Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. | Concealedly mounted top loaded vehicular antenna unit |
WO1995007557A1 (fr) * | 1993-09-07 | 1995-03-16 | Universite De Limoges | Antenne fil-plaque monopolaire |
WO1999022418A1 (en) * | 1997-10-23 | 1999-05-06 | Andrew Jesman | Matching device for a multi-frequency antenna |
WO2002001674A1 (de) * | 2000-06-27 | 2002-01-03 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Schlitzantenne |
DE10045634A1 (de) * | 2000-09-15 | 2002-04-04 | Hella Kg Hueck & Co | Steuereinrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug |
WO2009001351A1 (en) * | 2007-06-26 | 2008-12-31 | Galtronics Ltd. | Omni directional top loaded monopole |
US7679565B2 (en) | 2004-06-28 | 2010-03-16 | Pulse Finland Oy | Chip antenna apparatus and methods |
US7903035B2 (en) | 2005-10-10 | 2011-03-08 | Pulse Finland Oy | Internal antenna and methods |
US7916086B2 (en) | 2004-11-11 | 2011-03-29 | Pulse Finland Oy | Antenna component and methods |
US8004470B2 (en) | 2004-06-28 | 2011-08-23 | Pulse Finland Oy | Antenna, component and methods |
US8466756B2 (en) | 2007-04-19 | 2013-06-18 | Pulse Finland Oy | Methods and apparatus for matching an antenna |
US8473017B2 (en) | 2005-10-14 | 2013-06-25 | Pulse Finland Oy | Adjustable antenna and methods |
US8564485B2 (en) | 2005-07-25 | 2013-10-22 | Pulse Finland Oy | Adjustable multiband antenna and methods |
US8618990B2 (en) | 2011-04-13 | 2013-12-31 | Pulse Finland Oy | Wideband antenna and methods |
US8629813B2 (en) | 2007-08-30 | 2014-01-14 | Pusle Finland Oy | Adjustable multi-band antenna and methods |
US8648752B2 (en) | 2011-02-11 | 2014-02-11 | Pulse Finland Oy | Chassis-excited antenna apparatus and methods |
US8786499B2 (en) | 2005-10-03 | 2014-07-22 | Pulse Finland Oy | Multiband antenna system and methods |
US8847833B2 (en) | 2009-12-29 | 2014-09-30 | Pulse Finland Oy | Loop resonator apparatus and methods for enhanced field control |
US9406998B2 (en) | 2010-04-21 | 2016-08-02 | Pulse Finland Oy | Distributed multiband antenna and methods |
US9450291B2 (en) | 2011-07-25 | 2016-09-20 | Pulse Finland Oy | Multiband slot loop antenna apparatus and methods |
US9509054B2 (en) | 2012-04-04 | 2016-11-29 | Pulse Finland Oy | Compact polarized antenna and methods |
US9634383B2 (en) | 2013-06-26 | 2017-04-25 | Pulse Finland Oy | Galvanically separated non-interacting antenna sector apparatus and methods |
US9647338B2 (en) | 2013-03-11 | 2017-05-09 | Pulse Finland Oy | Coupled antenna structure and methods |
US9673507B2 (en) | 2011-02-11 | 2017-06-06 | Pulse Finland Oy | Chassis-excited antenna apparatus and methods |
US9680212B2 (en) | 2013-11-20 | 2017-06-13 | Pulse Finland Oy | Capacitive grounding methods and apparatus for mobile devices |
US9722308B2 (en) | 2014-08-28 | 2017-08-01 | Pulse Finland Oy | Low passive intermodulation distributed antenna system for multiple-input multiple-output systems and methods of use |
CN107134633A (zh) * | 2016-02-29 | 2017-09-05 | 泰科电子Amp韩国有限公司 | 天线和包括该天线的天线模块 |
US9761951B2 (en) | 2009-11-03 | 2017-09-12 | Pulse Finland Oy | Adjustable antenna apparatus and methods |
US9906260B2 (en) | 2015-07-30 | 2018-02-27 | Pulse Finland Oy | Sensor-based closed loop antenna swapping apparatus and methods |
US9948002B2 (en) | 2014-08-26 | 2018-04-17 | Pulse Finland Oy | Antenna apparatus with an integrated proximity sensor and methods |
US9973228B2 (en) | 2014-08-26 | 2018-05-15 | Pulse Finland Oy | Antenna apparatus with an integrated proximity sensor and methods |
US9979078B2 (en) | 2012-10-25 | 2018-05-22 | Pulse Finland Oy | Modular cell antenna apparatus and methods |
US10069209B2 (en) | 2012-11-06 | 2018-09-04 | Pulse Finland Oy | Capacitively coupled antenna apparatus and methods |
US10074909B2 (en) | 2015-07-21 | 2018-09-11 | Laird Technologies, Inc. | Omnidirectional single-input single-output multiband/broadband antennas |
US10079428B2 (en) | 2013-03-11 | 2018-09-18 | Pulse Finland Oy | Coupled antenna structure and methods |
US10211538B2 (en) | 2006-12-28 | 2019-02-19 | Pulse Finland Oy | Directional antenna apparatus and methods |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH11205035A (ja) * | 1998-01-19 | 1999-07-30 | Ddi Corp | 双指向性偏波アンテナ装置 |
JP4053144B2 (ja) * | 1998-07-10 | 2008-02-27 | 日本電業工作株式会社 | 偏波共用アンテナ |
JP2003142935A (ja) * | 2001-10-12 | 2003-05-16 | Samsung Electronics Co Ltd | アンテナ |
FI20096251A0 (sv) | 2009-11-27 | 2009-11-27 | Pulse Finland Oy | MIMO-antenn |
FI20105158A (fi) | 2010-02-18 | 2011-08-19 | Pulse Finland Oy | Kuorisäteilijällä varustettu antenni |
FI20115072A0 (fi) | 2011-01-25 | 2011-01-25 | Pulse Finland Oy | Moniresonanssiantenni, -antennimoduuli ja radiolaite |
US8866689B2 (en) | 2011-07-07 | 2014-10-21 | Pulse Finland Oy | Multi-band antenna and methods for long term evolution wireless system |
US9123990B2 (en) | 2011-10-07 | 2015-09-01 | Pulse Finland Oy | Multi-feed antenna apparatus and methods |
US9531058B2 (en) | 2011-12-20 | 2016-12-27 | Pulse Finland Oy | Loosely-coupled radio antenna apparatus and methods |
US9484619B2 (en) | 2011-12-21 | 2016-11-01 | Pulse Finland Oy | Switchable diversity antenna apparatus and methods |
US9590308B2 (en) | 2013-12-03 | 2017-03-07 | Pulse Electronics, Inc. | Reduced surface area antenna apparatus and mobile communications devices incorporating the same |
US9350081B2 (en) | 2014-01-14 | 2016-05-24 | Pulse Finland Oy | Switchable multi-radiator high band antenna apparatus |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4575725A (en) * | 1983-08-29 | 1986-03-11 | Allied Corporation | Double tuned, coupled microstrip antenna |
US4660047A (en) * | 1984-10-12 | 1987-04-21 | Itt Corporation | Microstrip antenna with resonator feed |
US4724443A (en) * | 1985-10-31 | 1988-02-09 | X-Cyte, Inc. | Patch antenna with a strip line feed element |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4821040A (en) * | 1986-12-23 | 1989-04-11 | Ball Corporation | Circular microstrip vehicular rf antenna |
US4835541A (en) * | 1986-12-29 | 1989-05-30 | Ball Corporation | Near-isotropic low-profile microstrip radiator especially suited for use as a mobile vehicle antenna |
-
1988
- 1988-12-27 JP JP33058988A patent/JPH0821812B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1989
- 1989-12-22 EP EP19890313506 patent/EP0376643B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-12-22 ES ES89313506T patent/ES2051376T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-12-22 DE DE1989613180 patent/DE68913180T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-12-28 AU AU47287/89A patent/AU598980B1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4575725A (en) * | 1983-08-29 | 1986-03-11 | Allied Corporation | Double tuned, coupled microstrip antenna |
US4660047A (en) * | 1984-10-12 | 1987-04-21 | Itt Corporation | Microstrip antenna with resonator feed |
US4724443A (en) * | 1985-10-31 | 1988-02-09 | X-Cyte, Inc. | Patch antenna with a strip line feed element |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
IEEE International Antenna and Propagation Symposium 1976 October 1976, Piscataway,US pages 379 - 382; Tokumaru: "MULTIPLATES : LOW PROFILE ANTENNAS" * |
Cited By (48)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0400872B1 (de) * | 1989-05-23 | 1994-01-19 | Harada Industry Co., Ltd. | Ebene Plattenantenne für die mobile Kommunikation |
US5181044A (en) * | 1989-11-15 | 1993-01-19 | Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. | Top loaded antenna |
US5294938A (en) * | 1991-03-15 | 1994-03-15 | Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. | Concealedly mounted top loaded vehicular antenna unit |
WO1995007557A1 (fr) * | 1993-09-07 | 1995-03-16 | Universite De Limoges | Antenne fil-plaque monopolaire |
US6750825B1 (en) | 1993-09-07 | 2004-06-15 | Universite De Limoges | Monopole wire-plate antenna |
WO1999022418A1 (en) * | 1997-10-23 | 1999-05-06 | Andrew Jesman | Matching device for a multi-frequency antenna |
WO2002001674A1 (de) * | 2000-06-27 | 2002-01-03 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Schlitzantenne |
US6750826B2 (en) | 2000-06-27 | 2004-06-15 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Slotted antenna |
DE10045634A1 (de) * | 2000-09-15 | 2002-04-04 | Hella Kg Hueck & Co | Steuereinrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug |
DE10045634B4 (de) * | 2000-09-15 | 2005-08-25 | Hella Kgaa Hueck & Co. | Resonante Antenne für eine Steuereinrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug und deren Verwendung |
US7973720B2 (en) | 2004-06-28 | 2011-07-05 | LKP Pulse Finland OY | Chip antenna apparatus and methods |
US7679565B2 (en) | 2004-06-28 | 2010-03-16 | Pulse Finland Oy | Chip antenna apparatus and methods |
US8004470B2 (en) | 2004-06-28 | 2011-08-23 | Pulse Finland Oy | Antenna, component and methods |
US8390522B2 (en) | 2004-06-28 | 2013-03-05 | Pulse Finland Oy | Antenna, component and methods |
US7916086B2 (en) | 2004-11-11 | 2011-03-29 | Pulse Finland Oy | Antenna component and methods |
US8564485B2 (en) | 2005-07-25 | 2013-10-22 | Pulse Finland Oy | Adjustable multiband antenna and methods |
US8786499B2 (en) | 2005-10-03 | 2014-07-22 | Pulse Finland Oy | Multiband antenna system and methods |
US7903035B2 (en) | 2005-10-10 | 2011-03-08 | Pulse Finland Oy | Internal antenna and methods |
US8473017B2 (en) | 2005-10-14 | 2013-06-25 | Pulse Finland Oy | Adjustable antenna and methods |
US10211538B2 (en) | 2006-12-28 | 2019-02-19 | Pulse Finland Oy | Directional antenna apparatus and methods |
US8466756B2 (en) | 2007-04-19 | 2013-06-18 | Pulse Finland Oy | Methods and apparatus for matching an antenna |
US7733274B2 (en) | 2007-06-26 | 2010-06-08 | Galtronics Ltd. | Omni directional top loaded monopole |
WO2009001351A1 (en) * | 2007-06-26 | 2008-12-31 | Galtronics Ltd. | Omni directional top loaded monopole |
US8629813B2 (en) | 2007-08-30 | 2014-01-14 | Pusle Finland Oy | Adjustable multi-band antenna and methods |
US9761951B2 (en) | 2009-11-03 | 2017-09-12 | Pulse Finland Oy | Adjustable antenna apparatus and methods |
US8847833B2 (en) | 2009-12-29 | 2014-09-30 | Pulse Finland Oy | Loop resonator apparatus and methods for enhanced field control |
US9406998B2 (en) | 2010-04-21 | 2016-08-02 | Pulse Finland Oy | Distributed multiband antenna and methods |
US8648752B2 (en) | 2011-02-11 | 2014-02-11 | Pulse Finland Oy | Chassis-excited antenna apparatus and methods |
US9673507B2 (en) | 2011-02-11 | 2017-06-06 | Pulse Finland Oy | Chassis-excited antenna apparatus and methods |
US9917346B2 (en) | 2011-02-11 | 2018-03-13 | Pulse Finland Oy | Chassis-excited antenna apparatus and methods |
US8618990B2 (en) | 2011-04-13 | 2013-12-31 | Pulse Finland Oy | Wideband antenna and methods |
US9450291B2 (en) | 2011-07-25 | 2016-09-20 | Pulse Finland Oy | Multiband slot loop antenna apparatus and methods |
US9509054B2 (en) | 2012-04-04 | 2016-11-29 | Pulse Finland Oy | Compact polarized antenna and methods |
US9979078B2 (en) | 2012-10-25 | 2018-05-22 | Pulse Finland Oy | Modular cell antenna apparatus and methods |
US10069209B2 (en) | 2012-11-06 | 2018-09-04 | Pulse Finland Oy | Capacitively coupled antenna apparatus and methods |
US10079428B2 (en) | 2013-03-11 | 2018-09-18 | Pulse Finland Oy | Coupled antenna structure and methods |
US9647338B2 (en) | 2013-03-11 | 2017-05-09 | Pulse Finland Oy | Coupled antenna structure and methods |
US9634383B2 (en) | 2013-06-26 | 2017-04-25 | Pulse Finland Oy | Galvanically separated non-interacting antenna sector apparatus and methods |
US9680212B2 (en) | 2013-11-20 | 2017-06-13 | Pulse Finland Oy | Capacitive grounding methods and apparatus for mobile devices |
US9948002B2 (en) | 2014-08-26 | 2018-04-17 | Pulse Finland Oy | Antenna apparatus with an integrated proximity sensor and methods |
US9973228B2 (en) | 2014-08-26 | 2018-05-15 | Pulse Finland Oy | Antenna apparatus with an integrated proximity sensor and methods |
US9722308B2 (en) | 2014-08-28 | 2017-08-01 | Pulse Finland Oy | Low passive intermodulation distributed antenna system for multiple-input multiple-output systems and methods of use |
US10074909B2 (en) | 2015-07-21 | 2018-09-11 | Laird Technologies, Inc. | Omnidirectional single-input single-output multiband/broadband antennas |
US9906260B2 (en) | 2015-07-30 | 2018-02-27 | Pulse Finland Oy | Sensor-based closed loop antenna swapping apparatus and methods |
CN107134633A (zh) * | 2016-02-29 | 2017-09-05 | 泰科电子Amp韩国有限公司 | 天线和包括该天线的天线模块 |
US10535926B2 (en) | 2016-02-29 | 2020-01-14 | Tyco Electronics Amp Korea Co., Ltd. | Antenna and antenna module comprising the same |
EP3214697B1 (de) * | 2016-02-29 | 2020-03-25 | Tyco Electronics AMP Korea Co., Ltd. | Antenne und antennenmodul mit einer solchen antenne |
CN107134633B (zh) * | 2016-02-29 | 2021-05-04 | 泰科电子Amp韩国有限公司 | 天线和包括该天线的天线模块 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE68913180D1 (de) | 1994-03-24 |
JPH0821812B2 (ja) | 1996-03-04 |
JPH02174404A (ja) | 1990-07-05 |
DE68913180T2 (de) | 1994-05-26 |
AU598980B1 (en) | 1990-07-05 |
EP0376643B1 (de) | 1994-02-16 |
ES2051376T3 (es) | 1994-06-16 |
EP0376643A3 (en) | 1990-11-28 |
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