EP0302405A2 - Giesseinrichtung einer Giesspfanne, die geschmolzenes Metall enthält - Google Patents

Giesseinrichtung einer Giesspfanne, die geschmolzenes Metall enthält Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0302405A2
EP0302405A2 EP88112308A EP88112308A EP0302405A2 EP 0302405 A2 EP0302405 A2 EP 0302405A2 EP 88112308 A EP88112308 A EP 88112308A EP 88112308 A EP88112308 A EP 88112308A EP 0302405 A2 EP0302405 A2 EP 0302405A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
vessel
pouring
opening
closing
molten
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP88112308A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0302405A3 (en
EP0302405B1 (de
Inventor
Yukihiko Koza
Satosi Sato
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kawasaki Heavy Industries Ltd
Kawasaki Motors Ltd
Original Assignee
Kawasaki Heavy Industries Ltd
Kawasaki Jukogyo KK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kawasaki Heavy Industries Ltd, Kawasaki Jukogyo KK filed Critical Kawasaki Heavy Industries Ltd
Publication of EP0302405A2 publication Critical patent/EP0302405A2/de
Publication of EP0302405A3 publication Critical patent/EP0302405A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0302405B1 publication Critical patent/EP0302405B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/08—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like for bottom pouring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/50—Pouring-nozzles
    • B22D41/60—Pouring-nozzles with heating or cooling means
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/46—Details or accessories
    • C21C5/4653—Tapholes; Opening or plugging thereof

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to vessels designed to contain molten metal at high temperatures, such as Bessemer converters, metal mixers, electric furnaces, ladles, and tundishes. More particularly, the invention relates to devices for tapping or pouring out molten metal through the bottoms of such vessels.
  • a vessel of the above exemplified kind for containing molten metal (hereinafter referred to as vessel) is used to receive molten metal poured thereinto, to melt or smelt a metal therewithin, or to hold a molten metal therewithin for a specific time for refining or reserving and thereafter to pour out the molten metal for conveyance to a succeeding process.
  • a vessel of this character is required to have the functional capability, in addition to that of receiving and retaining molten metal, of appropriately pouring out the molten metal.
  • the molten metal handled by these vessels are at high temperatures, ordinary metal valves cannot be used at the pouring out openings at the bottoms of these vessels. For this reason, one of the following principal methods has heretofore been used to tap or pour molten metal out of these vessels.
  • This method is used in the operation of a Bessemer-­type converter, metal mixer, electric furnace, or the like and comprises tilting and inverting the vessel containing molten metal thereby pouring out the molten metal from the open top or through a pouring hole provided on the side of the vessel.
  • This method is used in the operation of a ladle, tundish, or the like and comprises installing a mechanical stopper or valve mechanism such as a nozzle stopper or a sliding gate made of a refractory material at a pouring orifice formed through the bottom of the vessel and operating this mechanism to close the pouring orifice for receiving molten metal in the vessel and to open the pouring orifice for pouring the molten metal out of the vessel.
  • a mechanical stopper or valve mechanism such as a nozzle stopper or a sliding gate made of a refractory material
  • a pouring orifice of a special form is formed in the furnace bottom and is provided with a pouring device of such a construction that, by varying the rotational angle and the inclination angle of the furnace, the molten metal within the furnace can be poured out, or its pouring out can be stopped as proposed in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Application No. 234915/1985.
  • the nozzle plug or sliding gate directly shuts off the flow of molten metal when the pouring orifice is being closed, it is subjected to thermal and mechanical attrition and erosion due to the molten metal and becomes severely worn and damaged, whereby its serviceable life is extremely short. For this reason the frequency with which the nozzle plug or sliding gate must be replaced becomes high. Thus, time and labor for this part replacement work are required and moreover the operational cost increases.
  • An important feature of this invention which provides, in a vessel of the instant character, a pouring device having a mechanism for opening/closing the lower end of a pouring orifice formed in the vessel bottom, is the provision of a cooling system for cooling the upper end of the pouring orifice by using a cooling medium, which cooling system can be used for introducing other fluids such as argon gas, nitrogen gas, and oxygen into the vessel for various purposes, as will be described more fully hereinafter.
  • argon gas argon gas
  • nitrogen gas nitrogen gas
  • oxygen oxygen
  • the cooling medium through tuyeres into the vessel in order to cool the upper opening of the pouring hole and surrounding parts when a cycle of pouring is nearing its conclusion and the slag floating on the molten steel is approaching the pouring orifice thereby to cause the molten steel or slag to coagulate and form a sealing mass over the upper opening of the pouring orifice, thus stopping the pouring. Then, with vessel in this state the above mentioned opening/closing mechanism is operated to fully close the pouring orifice.
  • a molten metal pouring device of a molten-metal-containing vessel which device comprises: a refractory structure of substantially tubular shape which forms a lining fixed to the wall surface of a through hole formed through the bottom of the vessel, and which forms therethrough a pouring orifice having an upper opening open to the interior of the vessel and a lower opening openable to the outside of the vessel; a cooling device for cooling the upper opening of the pouring orifice and the region in the vicinity thereof by means of a cooling medium; and an opening/closing mechanism installed outside of the vessel for mechanically opening and closing the lower opening of the pouring orifice thereby to permit pouring out of molten metal contained in the vessel and to stop this pouring out.
  • An example of a Bessemer converter provided with an example of the pouring device according to this invention as illustrated schematically in FIG. 1 comprises essentially a converter vessel 1 for containing molten steel 3 with a layer of slag 4 covering the upper surface of the molten steel 3, an overhead oxygen lance 21 insertable from above into the vessel through the upper furnace opening 1b thereof, and the pouring device 11 provided at the bottom of the vessel 1.
  • a ladle 22 is positioned immediately below the pouring device 11 to receive molten steel tapped or poured therefrom and to transport this molten steel to a succeeding process. The pouring operation will be described more fully hereinafter.
  • the bottom of the converter vessel 1 comprises a furnace iron cladding 1a and an inner vessel refractory lining 2 comprising permanent bricks 2b in contact with the inner surface of the iron cladding 1a and consumable bricks 2a in contact with the inner surface of the permanent bricks 2b.
  • This bottom of the vessel 1 is provided with the pouring device 11 of the invention, which is constructed and installed in the following manner.
  • a pouring drain orifice 12 is formed through the center of the bottom of the vessel 1 and is provided around its inner peripheral surface with a cooling device 13 comprising tuyeres 13a opening at their upper ends into the interior of the vessel 1, tuyere pipes 13b connected to the lower ends of the tuyeres 13a, and piping 13c for supplying a cooling medium 19 to the tuyere pipes 13b.
  • the tuyeres 13a comprises, for example, a plurality of nozzles formed from a heat-­resistant metal material and opening into the interior of the vessel 1 around the inner or upper opening 12a of the pouring drain orifice 12.
  • a refractory material 14a for protecting the interior surface
  • refractory materials 14b and 14c are provided to fill the spaces between the furnace refractory structure 2 and the tuyeres 13a and the tuyere pipes 13b.
  • These refractories are supported by a metal frame 15, which in turn is fixed by way of metal gusset stays 16 to the furnace iron cladding 1a.
  • these refractories 14a, 14b and 14c may be considered collectively as constituting a tubular refractory structure containing the cooling device 13 and forming a lining fixed to the wall surface of a through hole formed through the bottom of the vessel.
  • the outer or lower opening 12b of the pouring drain orifice 12, and therefore the entire drain orifice 12, can be closed by a nozzle stopper 17 comprising a swingable arm 17b pivotally supported at its proximal end by way of a pivot shaft 17a on a fixed part (not shown) of the converter vessel structure, a nozzle plug 17c made of a refractory material and fixed to the distal end of the arm 17b, and a driving device 18 for driving the arm 17b in closing and opening movements to bring the plug 17c into closed state in and against the rim of the lower opening 12b and into an opened state as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the nozzle stopper 17 In the state of the converter 1 shown in FIG. 1, the nozzle stopper 17 is in its opened state, and the molten steel 3 of one heat is being poured through the pouring orifice 12 into the ladle 22 positioned directly below the converter vessel 1. Then, as this pouring continues, the quantity of the molten steel 3 in the vessel 1 becomes small, and the slag 4 is about to be discharged. At this point, immediately before the slag 4 is discharged, the tapping or pouring operation is stopped by the following procedural steps (1) through (4).
  • This pouring device 11 An important feature of this pouring device 11 is that, since the flow of the molten steel 3 into the pouring orifice 12 is initially stopped by the closure of the upper opening 12a of the pouring orifice 12 by the cooling and coagulation of the slag 4 (or the molten steel 3) due to the injection of the cooling medium 19, the nozzle plug 17 itself is not required to shut off the outflow of the molten steel 3 or the slag 4 by direct contact. For this reason, damage to the nozzle plug 17c is very rare and slight.
  • the ladle 22, into which the molten steel has been poured is transported away to the succeeding process, and the converter 1 is inverted to discharge the slag 4 within the converter 1 through its throat or upper opening 1b. Then the converter 1 is returned to its upright state, and the next batch of molten iron 3b for refining is received in the converter 1.
  • the operational steps of refining the molten iron 3b thus received in the converter 1 to the pouring out therefrom are as follows.
  • the nozzle stopper 17 When the converter 1 is inverted to discharge the slag remaining therein as described hereinbefore, the nozzle stopper 17 is opened to pack a material such as sand 25 into the pouring hole 12 beforehand, and then, if the nozzle stopper 17 is left closed as indicated in FIG. 5, a coagulated layer 3a will not be able to form deeply into the pouring orifice 12, whereby when the nozzle stopper 17 is thereafter opened, the molten steel 3 can be poured smoothly.
  • a material such as sand 25
  • a sliding gate 31 is slidably installed at the lower opening 12b of the pouring orifice 12 in place of the nozzle stopper 17 of the preceding example.
  • This sliding gate 31 is actuated in opening/closing movements by an actuating device 32.
  • a refractory member 31a constituting the greater part of the sliding gate 31 does not directly shut off the flow of the molten steel 3, whereby this sliding gate 31 can withstand a long period of use.
  • those parts which are the same as or equivalent to corresponding parts in the preceding example are designated by the same reference numerals.
  • a cooling mechanism 13 is provided at the bottom of the converter 1 in order to blow a cooling medium 19 thereinto.
  • the pouring device of this invention is not limited to its use in a converter of the overhead oxygen blowing type as described above but can be applied also to Bessemer converters of the bottom blowing type wherein oxygen is blown into the interior through the converter bottom. Furthermore, the pouring device is similarly applicable also to a wide range of vessels for containing molten metals such as metal mixers, electric furnaces, tundishes, and various ladles.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
  • Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
  • Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
  • Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
EP88112308A 1987-08-01 1988-07-29 Giesseinrichtung einer Giesspfanne, die geschmolzenes Metall enthält Expired - Lifetime EP0302405B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP62192794A JPH0663707B2 (ja) 1987-08-01 1987-08-01 溶融金属容器の出湯装置
JP192794/87 1987-08-01

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0302405A2 true EP0302405A2 (de) 1989-02-08
EP0302405A3 EP0302405A3 (en) 1990-05-23
EP0302405B1 EP0302405B1 (de) 1993-09-29

Family

ID=16297102

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88112308A Expired - Lifetime EP0302405B1 (de) 1987-08-01 1988-07-29 Giesseinrichtung einer Giesspfanne, die geschmolzenes Metall enthält

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0302405B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH0663707B2 (de)
KR (1) KR890003472A (de)
DE (1) DE3884519T2 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1193458A2 (de) * 2000-10-02 2002-04-03 Tribovent Verfahrensentwicklung GmbH Wandbauteil
CN111522293A (zh) * 2020-05-08 2020-08-11 衡阳镭目科技有限责任公司 冶金罐的自动倾翻控制方法和***

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT408965B (de) * 2000-01-27 2002-04-25 Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen Einrichtung zum verschliessen eines abstichloches eines metallurgischen gefässes
JP4350119B2 (ja) * 2006-11-30 2009-10-21 日鉱金属株式会社 タップホール冷却構造

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2517931A (en) * 1947-05-15 1950-08-08 Rossi Irving Apparatus for the continuous casting of metal
JPS60234915A (ja) * 1984-05-07 1985-11-21 Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd 傾斜または横型回転炉の出湯装置
EP0223991A1 (de) * 1985-11-27 1987-06-03 Neue Hamburger Stahlwerke GmbH Verfahren zur Kühlung von Sauerstoff-Einblasdüsen bei der Sauerstoffbehandlung von Roheisen oder Stahl

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2517931A (en) * 1947-05-15 1950-08-08 Rossi Irving Apparatus for the continuous casting of metal
JPS60234915A (ja) * 1984-05-07 1985-11-21 Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd 傾斜または横型回転炉の出湯装置
EP0223991A1 (de) * 1985-11-27 1987-06-03 Neue Hamburger Stahlwerke GmbH Verfahren zur Kühlung von Sauerstoff-Einblasdüsen bei der Sauerstoffbehandlung von Roheisen oder Stahl

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol.10, no.103 (C-340)(2160), 18 April 1986 & JP 60234915 A (KAWASAKI) 21.11.1985 *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1193458A2 (de) * 2000-10-02 2002-04-03 Tribovent Verfahrensentwicklung GmbH Wandbauteil
EP1193458A3 (de) * 2000-10-02 2004-02-04 Tribovent Verfahrensentwicklung GmbH Wandbauteil
CN111522293A (zh) * 2020-05-08 2020-08-11 衡阳镭目科技有限责任公司 冶金罐的自动倾翻控制方法和***
CN111522293B (zh) * 2020-05-08 2022-12-13 衡阳镭目科技有限责任公司 冶金罐的自动倾翻控制方法和***

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR890003472A (ko) 1989-04-15
JPH0663707B2 (ja) 1994-08-22
DE3884519D1 (de) 1993-11-04
JPS6438589A (en) 1989-02-08
DE3884519T2 (de) 1994-04-28
EP0302405A3 (en) 1990-05-23
EP0302405B1 (de) 1993-09-29

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