EP0292789A1 - Lucarne - Google Patents

Lucarne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0292789A1
EP0292789A1 EP88107595A EP88107595A EP0292789A1 EP 0292789 A1 EP0292789 A1 EP 0292789A1 EP 88107595 A EP88107595 A EP 88107595A EP 88107595 A EP88107595 A EP 88107595A EP 0292789 A1 EP0292789 A1 EP 0292789A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wing
feed box
pawl
piston rod
gas spring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP88107595A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0292789B1 (fr
Inventor
Wilhelm Frank
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Roto Frank AG
Original Assignee
Wilhelm Frank GmbH
Roto Frank AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wilhelm Frank GmbH, Roto Frank AG filed Critical Wilhelm Frank GmbH
Priority to AT88107595T priority Critical patent/ATE69636T1/de
Publication of EP0292789A1 publication Critical patent/EP0292789A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0292789B1 publication Critical patent/EP0292789B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/03—Sky-lights; Domes; Ventilating sky-lights
    • E04D13/035—Sky-lights; Domes; Ventilating sky-lights characterised by having movable parts
    • E04D13/0351—Sky-lights; Domes; Ventilating sky-lights characterised by having movable parts the parts pivoting about a fixed axis
    • E04D13/0354—Sky-lights; Domes; Ventilating sky-lights characterised by having movable parts the parts pivoting about a fixed axis the parts being flat
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F1/00—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass
    • E05F1/08—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass spring-actuated, e.g. for horizontally sliding wings
    • E05F1/10—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass spring-actuated, e.g. for horizontally sliding wings for swinging wings, e.g. counterbalance
    • E05F1/1091—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass spring-actuated, e.g. for horizontally sliding wings for swinging wings, e.g. counterbalance with a gas spring
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/40—Motors; Magnets; Springs; Weights; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/404—Function thereof
    • E05Y2201/416—Function thereof for counterbalancing
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
    • E05Y2900/10—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for buildings or parts thereof
    • E05Y2900/13—Type of wing
    • E05Y2900/148—Windows
    • E05Y2900/152—Roof windows
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T292/00—Closure fasteners
    • Y10T292/28—Extension link
    • Y10T292/305—Swinging catch
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T292/00—Closure fasteners
    • Y10T292/65—Braces

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a skylight with a feed box, sash and weight compensation device which is formed by at least one gas spring which is articulated at one end to the feed box and acts on the wing at the other end, the wing after its release from the feed box under the influence the gas spring is largely opened automatically and, when the piston rod is fully extended, the wing is brought out of the cylinder of the gas spring into an emergency opening position in which the opening of the feed box is released from the wing.
  • the weight compensation device is usually formed by gas springs which have a long extension stroke of the piston rod from the cylinder of the gas spring, so that in the open position of the wing, the opening of the feed box is largely released from the wing.
  • the angle between the open sash and the level of the feed box is usually over 90 °.
  • the sash is designed as a hinged wing via hinges on a horizontal spar of the feed box or as a rotating wing via hinges on a longitudinal spar of the feed box.
  • the gas spring can be in a skylight with a wing designed as a folding or rotating wing directly on the frame of the wing or indirectly on the wing be consolidated, namely on a cover spanning the casement. If the wing is connected to the feed box by means of a subframe, the gas spring can act on the subframe, so that when the wing is fixed on the subframe the wing is opened as a folding wing and after a solution of the fixing of the wing on the subframe around a near the free end of the subframe arranged horizontal axis can be opened swinging.
  • the opening width of the wing is limited with folding wings and with swing-swing wings, the swing-open wing protrudes into the opening of the feed box and thereby limits the clear passage width of the feed box.
  • the opening width of the wing is too large to be able to use it as a roof window, since this means that the wing cannot be set to a smaller opening angle for ventilation or viewing purposes which in particular should also be storm-proof.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a roof window that can be used both as a residential roof window and as an emergency exit, the standard opening of the wing being a viewing opening which is suitable for the roof window and which can be converted into an emergency opening position with little effort.
  • the extension stroke of the piston rod of the gas spring can be limited.
  • the full extension stroke required to achieve the emergency opening position of the wing is thus divided into a partial extension stroke for the usual viewing opening width of a roof window, so that the opening angle between the wing and the feed box can be approximately 30 to 45 °.
  • the roof window is therefore suitable as a roof window.
  • the fixing device can only be released if access to the roof surface becomes necessary, as a result of which the sash then moves into the emergency opening position. After the extension stroke of the piston rod has been limited again by means of the fixing device, the opening limitation of the wing is given again.
  • the bearing for the eye of the piston rod of the gas spring is attached to the feed box and the bearing of the cylinder of the gas spring is attached to the wing, the cylinder is provided with a sleeve on which a pawl provided with a catch is pivoted and the catch is can be placed behind a stop attached to the feed box.
  • the fixing device is thus connected to the cylinder of the gas spring, the piston rod of which faces the feed box.
  • the pivot axis for the pawl is expediently arranged in the area of the sleeve facing the wing, and the pawl is essentially parallel to the piston rod and above the piston rod in that through the longitudinal axis the piston rod extending, perpendicular to the window plane level.
  • the pawl located above the piston rod comes into the coupling position under the influence of its own weight. Starting from the closed position of the window, the pawl is always in the ready-for-coupling position when the sash is opened and the sash can only be opened up to a part of the possible opening angle of the sash by reaching behind the catch of the catch behind the feed box-side stop.
  • the pawl rests on the eye of the piston rod or on the piston rod and the catch is still at a distance from the wing-side stop.
  • the distance of the catch nose from the stop decreases and when the catch nose comes to rest against the feed box side stop, the wing opening width is limited.
  • the sleeve carrying the pawl is attached to the cylinder of the gas spring with adjustable length.
  • the stop for the catch nose is formed by the eye of the piston rod or by the bearing assigned to the eye. Then no additional loose components and no additional assembly steps are required for the fixing device, since the fixing device is arranged on the gas spring as a unit and since the bearing for the eye of the piston rod or its eye itself forms the stop; the stop is thus formed by a part that is required anyway.
  • the fixing device In order to bring the sash into the emergency opening position, the fixing device has to be loosened when the sash is open, that is, the catch is disengaged from the feed box-side stop, whereby the full extension stroke of the gas spring is released.
  • This release of the fixing position takes place without an additional aid.
  • the catch of the pawl lies under the influence of its own weight or under the action of an additional loading means, such as a spring acting on the pawl, on the piston rod and slides it along.
  • an additional loading means such as a spring acting on the pawl
  • the pawl To make it easier to lift the pawl out of the fixing position when it engages behind the feed box-side stop with its catch and is under the pressure of the gas spring in this engagement position, it is preferred to provide the pawl with a handle attachment, which makes the pawl easier to grip by hand by the operator.
  • At least the catch lug of the pawl is equipped with a plastic sheath in order to avoid damaging the surface of the piston rod.
  • This sheathing also gives the possibility of dampening the impact when the catch strikes the stop on the feed box side, for example by means of a sheathing made of an elastic plastic.
  • a signal can also be set by coloring the sheathing in order to draw the operator's attention to the respective arrangement of the latch or to the possibility of actuating it.
  • each gas spring is provided with a pawl and that the two pawls are coupled to one another in a movement-locking manner are, so that by actuating only one of the pawls both pawls are lifted out of the fixing position at the same time, or the catches are pressed in simultaneously behind the stop.
  • the gas springs are not visible from the interior of the room when the wing is closed, it is customary to arrange the gas springs in the plane of the longitudinal spars of the feed box, that is to say to mount a bearing for the gas spring on the end face of a longitudinal spar of the feed box.
  • the gas spring is located in the closed position of the sash on the side next to the sash frame, covered by a sash cover or a subframe likewise overlapping the sash frame, which can also be overlapped by a sash cover.
  • the wing cover is used as a carrier for the second bearing of the gas spring.
  • the gas spring bearings thus mounted in the plane of the longitudinal spar of the feed box have no or only a slight offset from the wing-side to the feed box-side bearing point on which the gas springs act. It is therefore necessary that the operator must exert a great deal of force on the wing at the start of the opening movement of the wing.
  • the wing is therefore preferably provided with a compression spring which interacts with the upper end face of the longitudinal spar of the feed box near the horizontal folding axis of the wing.
  • the compression spring which is preferably designed as a coil spring, is pretensioned when the wing is closed, so that when the closed wing is unlocked by the spring force of the compression spring, the wing is lifted so far from the feed box until the force of the gas spring then the further opening movement of the wing gels supports or takes over.
  • the compression spring is thus used as an auxiliary weight compensation device.
  • a pressure plate is attached to the front side of the feed box as a support surface for the compression spring.
  • a gas spring 5 which is supported by a compression spring 6, serves as the weight compensation device 4.
  • a fixing device 7 is attached to the gas spring 5.
  • the gas spring 5 consists of the cylinder 8, in which a piston arranged on a piston rod 9 is pressurized by means of gas.
  • the gas spring 5 is articulated at one end to the feed box 1, namely in a bearing 10 which is fastened on the end face 11 of the longitudinal bar 26 of the feed box 1, the bearing pin 12 an eye 13 of the piston rod 9 passes through.
  • the other end of the gas spring 5 is fastened to the subframe 3, likewise pivotably in a bearing 14.
  • the cylinder 8 of the gas spring 5 carries, near its end on the feed box side, a sleeve 15 which is provided with a longitudinal slot 16 which is removed from the tension screw 17 is crossed.
  • the sleeve 15 In the area facing the wing 2, that is to say above the piston rod 9, the sleeve 15 is equipped with a pivot axis 18 arranged in a horizontal plane, on which a pawl 19 is pivotably mounted.
  • the pawl 19 extends essentially parallel to the piston rod 9 and in a plane extending through the longitudinal axis 20 of the piston rod 9 and oriented perpendicular to the window plane.
  • the pawl 19 Near the free end of the pawl 19 it carries a catch lug 21 and a handle attachment 22.
  • the back 23 of the catch lug 21 is designed as a ramp 24.
  • the active surface of the catch 21 and the ramp 24 are part of a casing 25 made of elastic plastic.
  • the stored force causes the pressure spring 6 a lifting of the wing 2 about the folding axis 28. It is sufficient to lift the wing 2 by a few degrees with respect to the plane of the feed box 1 so that the articulation points of the gas spring 5 of the feed box-side bearing 10 to the subframe-side or wing-side bearing 14 are offset more strongly from one another , whereby the force of the gas spring 5 can in turn act more effectively on the wing 2.
  • the pawl 19 slides along the eye 13 of the piston rod 9 in the direction of the bearing 10.
  • the compression spring 6 stands out from its pressure plate 29 on the end face 11 of the feed box 1 and the weight compensation is then carried out exclusively by the gas springs 5.
  • the wing 2 is, as described above, to be brought into the opening position shown in dashed lines in FIG. 1 is set and which corresponds to the usual opening width for roof windows.
  • the pawls 19 are gripped and raised on the handle attachments 22 so that the catch lugs 21 disengage from the stops 27.
  • the fixing of the force of the gas springs 5 is thus eliminated and the gas springs 5 bring about an automatic further lifting of the wing 2 into the emergency opening position shown in solid lines in FIG. 1, the catch lugs 21 running along the piston rods 9.
  • the opening of the feed box 1 is largely released.
  • the catch lugs 21 of the pawl 19 slide down on the piston rods 9.
  • the pawl 19 is slightly raised as a result of the ramp 24 of the catch 21, slides without pressure over the eye 19 or the bearing 10 and the pawl 19 then falls behind the stop 27 due to its own weight, when the catch 21 has left the area of the eye 13. This results in the limitation of the extension stroke of the piston rod 9 to the viewing opening required for a roof window in an automatic manner, without the need for additional manipulations.
  • the sleeve 15 can be moved longitudinally after loosening the clamping screw 17 on the cylinder 8 of the gas spring 5 and can be fixed again at the desired point by tightening the clamping screw 17.
  • the automatically acting fixing device 7 for limiting the extension stroke of the piston rod 9 of the gas spring 5 is thus a roof window, which can be used with a restricted opening width as a roof window with the usual viewing position and which, if necessary, simply moves the wing 2 into an emergency opening position by simply lifting the latch 19 and, in addition, automatically closes its limits again when it is subsequently closed of the extension stroke of the piston rod 9 arrives, this being done with simple means, a layman-friendly operation is made possible and without additional work steps being required for fastening to the roof window.
  • the sleeve 39 which is clamped on the cylinder 8 of the gas spring 5 and is equipped with a longitudinal slot 41, carries a pawl 30 with an approximately U-shaped cross section.
  • the pivot axis 38 of the pawl 30 on the sleeve 39 extends horizontally, namely parallel to the end face 11 of the feed box 1 and is arranged such that the pivot axis 38 extends simultaneously through the longitudinal axis of the piston rod 9.
  • the pawl 30 carries a handle projection 43 which protrudes from the web 42 of the U cross section and against which the catch lugs 32 adjoin, which are each formed on one of the legs 31 of the pawl 30.
  • One catch lug 32 extends to both side surfaces 35 of the bearing 34.
  • the stop 33 for these catch lugs 32 is formed by the stubs 37 of the bearing bolt 36 which project beyond these side surfaces 35 and which are engaged by the catch lugs 32.
  • the sleeve 39 carries a spring 40, as can be seen in FIG. 6, which pretensions on the web 42 of the pawl 30 in the vicinity of the end of the pawl 30 on the pivot bearing side acts. This creates a moment which is exerted on the pawl 30 and becomes effective around the pivot axis 38, which prevents the catch tabs 32 from accidentally being released from their stop 33 and that when the wing closes, starting from its emergency opening position, the catch tabs 32 again automatically snap into place behind the stubs 37 of the bearing journal 36 of the bearing 34.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Closing And Opening Devices For Wings, And Checks For Wings (AREA)
  • Power-Operated Mechanisms For Wings (AREA)
  • Window Of Vehicle (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Optical Head (AREA)
  • Magnetic Heads (AREA)
EP88107595A 1987-05-28 1988-05-11 Lucarne Expired - Lifetime EP0292789B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88107595T ATE69636T1 (de) 1987-05-28 1988-05-11 Dachfenster.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3718040 1987-05-28
DE19873718040 DE3718040A1 (de) 1987-05-28 1987-05-28 Dachfenster

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0292789A1 true EP0292789A1 (fr) 1988-11-30
EP0292789B1 EP0292789B1 (fr) 1991-11-21

Family

ID=6328641

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88107595A Expired - Lifetime EP0292789B1 (fr) 1987-05-28 1988-05-11 Lucarne

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4845905A (fr)
EP (1) EP0292789B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE69636T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3718040A1 (fr)
HR (1) HRP920807A2 (fr)
YU (1) YU47413B (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT520336B1 (de) * 2017-08-18 2019-03-15 Wuester Heinrich Fensterfixierung für einen Frühbeetkasten
US20210262257A1 (en) * 2020-02-20 2021-08-26 James Stranger Smart hatch actuation and locking systems for hatches windows and doors

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DK157695C (da) * 1988-04-08 1990-06-25 Rasmussen Kann Ind As Vindue, navnlig til indbygning i en skraa tagflade
IT217779Z2 (it) * 1989-08-04 1992-01-28 Nemo S P A Dispositivo di apertura di portelliparticolarmente per boccaporti per nautica da diporto
US5356538A (en) * 1991-06-12 1994-10-18 Idaho Research Foundation, Inc. Supercritical fluid extraction
US5476316A (en) * 1993-12-28 1995-12-19 At&T Corp. Electronic equipment cabinet with improved door
DE9411278U1 (de) * 1994-07-13 1994-09-29 Roto Frank Ag, 70771 Leinfelden-Echterdingen Dachfenster mit einer Feststellvorrichtung
US5600921A (en) * 1994-09-06 1997-02-11 Vardaro; William L. Bulkhead door assembly
US5559409A (en) * 1995-01-18 1996-09-24 Beierwaltes; William T. Automated window system and method for a building
US5638645A (en) * 1995-12-11 1997-06-17 Lipton; Mark D. Skyhatch
DE19715860B4 (de) * 1997-04-16 2005-11-03 Roto Frank Ag Dachfenster
DE19721941B4 (de) * 1997-05-17 2007-12-06 Audi Ag Ausstellgelenk für eine Klappe
US6672020B1 (en) * 2002-03-15 2004-01-06 The Bilco Company Universal roof scuttle
DE102004048117A1 (de) * 2004-10-02 2006-04-06 Volkswagen Ag Selbstschließender Behälterverschluss
US7438137B2 (en) 2005-09-14 2008-10-21 Cnh America Llc Method and apparatus for locking a wing frame of an implement
US9435556B1 (en) * 2006-10-20 2016-09-06 Omni Containment Systems, Llc Hinge assembly for supporting a fan on a roof
US9551499B1 (en) 2006-10-20 2017-01-24 Omni Containment Systems, Llc Hinge assembly for supporting a fan on a roof
US20080113611A1 (en) * 2006-10-20 2008-05-15 Kevin Robert Chwala Hinge assembly for supporting a fan on a roof
US7731574B2 (en) * 2007-06-08 2010-06-08 Fan-Tastic Vent Mechanism for opening a vent cover
US20090320377A1 (en) * 2008-06-27 2009-12-31 Mike Fulton Casement Window
IT1404055B1 (it) * 2011-02-11 2013-11-08 Savio Spa Evacuatore di fumo e calore
US9470030B2 (en) * 2012-12-18 2016-10-18 Ncr Corporation Self-aligning cover for an SST
US9193246B2 (en) * 2013-03-11 2015-11-24 S.A.W. Group, Llc Universal replacement ventilator lid assembly
WO2014143050A1 (fr) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Genesis Attachments, Llc Couvercle d'accès sollicité par ressort à gaz pour des accessoires de manipulation de matière
CN104077844A (zh) * 2013-03-25 2014-10-01 鸿富锦精密工业(武汉)有限公司 自动售货机机柜
US9816489B2 (en) * 2013-07-30 2017-11-14 General Electric Company Wind turbine tower having floating platform
WO2015171568A1 (fr) * 2014-05-05 2015-11-12 Deutsch Nachman Châssis à tabatière à caractéristique de fermeture manuelle
CN104960488B (zh) * 2015-06-01 2017-11-24 中原工学院 一种汽车紧急弹射逃生窗
WO2017136170A1 (fr) * 2016-02-03 2017-08-10 Omni Containment Systems, Llc Ensemble charnière de support de ventilateur sur un plafond
US10633864B2 (en) * 2018-01-11 2020-04-28 Air Distribution Technologies Ip, Llc Systems for weatherproof roof hatch assemblies

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Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH132249A (de) * 1928-06-12 1929-04-15 Pedersen Furuseth Ole Sicherungsvorrichtung für Fenster und dergleichen.
CA955708A (en) * 1972-03-02 1974-10-08 Gunter Stoffregen Door check attachment
FR2335136A7 (fr) * 1975-12-12 1977-07-08 Stabilus Gmbh Ressort pneumatique a blocage mecanique
FR2581119A1 (fr) * 1985-04-25 1986-10-31 Coirier Yves Mecanisme d'ouverture d'une fenetre pour toits en pente, a compensation de poids d'ouvrant et a retournement pour nettoyage

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT520336B1 (de) * 2017-08-18 2019-03-15 Wuester Heinrich Fensterfixierung für einen Frühbeetkasten
AT520336A4 (de) * 2017-08-18 2019-03-15 Wuester Heinrich Fensterfixierung für einen Frühbeetkasten
US20210262257A1 (en) * 2020-02-20 2021-08-26 James Stranger Smart hatch actuation and locking systems for hatches windows and doors

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
YU47413B (sh) 1995-03-27
DE3866283D1 (de) 1992-01-02
US4845905A (en) 1989-07-11
HRP920807A2 (hr) 1994-04-30
DE3718040A1 (de) 1988-12-15
YU101388A (en) 1990-06-30
ATE69636T1 (de) 1991-12-15
EP0292789B1 (fr) 1991-11-21

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