EP0291741B1 - Device for automatic return of empty containers - Google Patents

Device for automatic return of empty containers Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0291741B1
EP0291741B1 EP88106814A EP88106814A EP0291741B1 EP 0291741 B1 EP0291741 B1 EP 0291741B1 EP 88106814 A EP88106814 A EP 88106814A EP 88106814 A EP88106814 A EP 88106814A EP 0291741 B1 EP0291741 B1 EP 0291741B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
conveying
conveyor belt
sensing means
conveyor
conveying channel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88106814A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0291741A2 (en
EP0291741A3 (en
Inventor
Dieter Schmid
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ELEKTROMECHANISCHE GERAETEBAU GmbH
Original Assignee
ELEKTROMECHANISCHE GERAETEBAU GmbH
ELEKTROMECHANISCHE GERAETEBAU
Elektromechanische Geratebau GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ELEKTROMECHANISCHE GERAETEBAU GmbH, ELEKTROMECHANISCHE GERAETEBAU, Elektromechanische Geratebau GmbH filed Critical ELEKTROMECHANISCHE GERAETEBAU GmbH
Priority to AT88106814T priority Critical patent/ATE97348T1/en
Publication of EP0291741A2 publication Critical patent/EP0291741A2/en
Publication of EP0291741A3 publication Critical patent/EP0291741A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0291741B1 publication Critical patent/EP0291741B1/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07CPOSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/04Sorting according to size
    • B07C5/12Sorting according to size characterised by the application to particular articles, not otherwise provided for
    • B07C5/122Sorting according to size characterised by the application to particular articles, not otherwise provided for for bottles, ampoules, jars and other glassware
    • B07C5/126Sorting according to size characterised by the application to particular articles, not otherwise provided for for bottles, ampoules, jars and other glassware by means of photo-electric sensors, e.g. according to colour

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for the mechanical return of empties in the form of bottles with a transport device which has a conveying channel which is delimited by fixed side walls and under which a conveyor belt extends, and with a scanning device which is arranged on the side of the conveying channel and which comprises a plurality of diameter sensors offset in terms of height.
  • a device for the optional mechanical withdrawal of individual bottles or containers containing several bottles is known.
  • the device has a continuous conveyor belt for the detection of individual bottles.
  • Above the conveyor belt is a pivotable arm with a friction surface, which extends obliquely to the direction of transport and the bottles or containers towards the free end of the Poor distracts.
  • a stepping device is assigned to this arm, which means that a bottle or a container can only pass between the free end of the arm and the one side wall at certain intervals. If a bottle passes, it then runs on the same conveyor belt between vertically offset diameter probes before it is removed from the conveyor belt on the side using a deflector.
  • the passage of the bottles to the scanning device is thus delayed, so that the bottles are given a mutual distance that allows an exact detection of their diameter. This reduces the throughput.
  • the step switching device required for this also increases the construction effort and entails the risk that it will be heavily stressed due to the start-up of containers and thus wear out.
  • the bottles on the section of the conveyor belt which extends from the movable arm to the discharge plate are not guided in a conveyor channel delimited on both sides by side walls. There is therefore a risk that they will tip over, particularly when the conveyor belt is started, and then can no longer be properly removed.
  • DE-A 26 45 024 discloses a device for mechanically taking back bottle crates in which the bottle crate is guided to a scanning device on a conveyor belt.
  • This consists of a probe head with a support plate that can be raised and lowered, and the pipe scoops arranged according to a predetermined pattern carries, in which mechanical buttons and associated light barriers are arranged.
  • the arrangement of the pipe scoops corresponds to the placement of the bottles in a completely filled bottle crate.
  • This device is therefore not suitable for the mechanical return of individual bottles.
  • Another disadvantage of this known arrangement can be seen in the fact that the scanning process in the form of slipping the pipe scoops over a bottle can only take place when the box is at a standstill, so that there is only a low throughput.
  • a test device for glass containers which is connected downstream of a production device, is known from US Pat. No. 3,848,742.
  • this device has two conveyor belts arranged next to each other, it is not suitable for the mechanical return of bottles of different sizes and shapes, since the light-emitting element intended for testing and the sensor interacting therewith for the beam broken when it passes through the glass container are in a very specific one Position above the glass container must be arranged.
  • the diameter of the glass container cannot be determined with these elements, but only an error, for example in the form of a bubble or a crack in the container wall.
  • the glass container does not move in the transport direction during the test, but is rotated.
  • the measures according to the invention advantageously enable uninterrupted continuous operation.
  • a simple bypass of the Bottles on the probe device are completely sufficient for diameter detection.
  • the diameter measurement on several levels, preferably five different heights is sufficient to enable the bottles to be identified correctly.
  • the measures according to the invention also advantageously ensure automatic alignment and separation of the bottles before they are scanned.
  • the bottles entering the inclined intermediate piece of the conveying channel in the direction of travel of the belts automatically lie against the side wall of the conveying channel, regardless of their position on the rear conveyor belt in the area of the intermediate piece, and accordingly pass through the push-button device arranged laterally in the area of the outlet-side section in a precise manner given distance.
  • the successive bottles are simply separated by different belt speeds.
  • buttons can advantageously be designed as reflection light switches. These are advantageously non-contact buttons which emit a signal corresponding to the throughput time required by the object which is transported past them and intersects their axis. The speed of the conveyor belt in question can simply be superimposed on this signal, from which the diameter can then be determined.
  • the measures mentioned here advantageously result in binary coding and thus facilitate digitization and machine processing of the data obtained Data.
  • a further expedient measure can consist in that the speed of the faster running conveyor belt passing the scanning device is recorded by means of a measuring device coupled to it. This ensures that the light-dark signals of the scanning device are superimposed on the speed of the conveyor belt that is actually present, so that inaccuracies due to speed fluctuations are eliminated.
  • an incremental disc connected to a deflecting roller of the conveyor belt in question can be used, the rotation steps of which can be detected by means of an associated sensor, which results in a highly simple yet reliable arrangement with automatic digitization.
  • the conveying channel can run into the gap between two ejection disks rotating about axes perpendicular to the transport plane at its front end.
  • These ejection disks advantageously ensure forced ejection and thus forced evacuation of the measuring range, which has an advantageous effect on the accuracy and functional reliability that can be achieved.
  • a table which can be acted upon by the ejection disks can expediently be arranged downstream of the conveyor channel, so that there is a large storage space.
  • a further advantageous measure can consist in the fact that in the area of the inlet and outlet of the conveying channel, preferably obliquely to the transport plane and direction arranged light barriers are provided. These measures enable automation through automatic start and stop.
  • the spatially oblique arrangement of the light barriers advantageously ensures that the entire cross section of the conveying channel can be scanned with the aid of a light barrier.
  • the beverage goods receiving station on which the drawings are based designated as a whole by 1, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, has a lower intake section for bottle crates 2 and an intake section for individual bottles 3 located above them Accordingly, two superimposed conveying channels 4 and 5 are provided, which are equipped with box conveying elements or bottle conveying elements which are guided past assigned scanning devices.
  • the conveyor channel 4 assigned to the box feed section has a straight course between the inlet and the outlet.
  • the conveying channel 5 assigned to the bottle infeed section has two sections 5a and 5b, which are offset parallel to one another and in the direction of transport and are connected by an intermediate piece 5c running obliquely thereto.
  • two conveyor belts 6a, 6b which form a flat, horizontal transport path and are arranged one behind the other with mutual overlap and are offset according to the lateral offset of the conveyor channel sections 5a and 5b by their width, are provided to form the bottle transport members forming the bottom of the conveyor channel 5.
  • the conveyor belts 6a, 6b cross-over side plates 7 are provided. As can best be seen from FIG. 3, these have one in the overlap region of the conveyor belts 6a, 6b to form the intermediate piece 5c obliquely to the tape running area 7a.
  • the second conveyor belt 6b is driven somewhat faster than the first conveyor belt 6a, as in FIGS. 1 and 3 on the basis of different diameters of the drive wheels 10a or, respectively, which can be driven by a common drive motor 9. 10b of the two conveyor belts 6a, 6b is indicated. Since the bottles are laterally aligned when they are transferred from the first conveyor belt 6a to the second conveyor belt 6b, the conveyor channel can also narrow accordingly, as can best be seen from FIG. The front section 5b in the transport direction can accordingly be made narrower than the rear conveyor channel section 5a. The same applies to the conveyor belts 6a, 6b.
  • the front section 5b of the conveying channel in the transport direction runs into the gap between two extraction disks 11 rotating about axes arranged perpendicular to the transport plane.
  • These can be disks with a rubber or foam rubber jacket, which are provided with circumferential recesses 12 to form a driving contour.
  • the drive of the driving disks 11 can be designed as a separate drive, or can be derived via an angular gear from the drive of the conveyor belt 6b engaging under it.
  • the axes of the extraction disks 11 are accordingly arranged perpendicular to the front deflection axis of the conveyor belt 6b.
  • the bottles 3 pulled off the extraction disks 11 reach a bottle table 19 which is arranged at the end of the conveyor channel 5 and is approximately level with the conveyor belts 6a, 6b and forms a storage space.
  • the conveyor belts 6a, 6b arranged laterally next to one another are driven, as can be seen from FIG. 3, in the region of their opposing longitudinal sides.
  • the deflecting roller of the rear conveyor belt 6a which is connected to the drive motor 9 by means of a chain drive, is therefore provided with a stub which extends through the adjacent conveyor belt 6b and which carries a chain wheel 10c which interacts with the drive wheel 10b of the front conveyor belt 6a via a chain (not specified).
  • the conveyor elements provided for transporting the bottle crates 2 are arranged as a roller conveyor with two in a row Track sections 14a, 14b formed, the rollers 15 rotate about the horizontal axis.
  • a drive device 16 is assigned to each track section 14a, 14b, which cooperates with the rollers of the respectively assigned section 14a or 14b via chain drives 17 indicated in FIG.
  • the successive boxes 2 are separated, as in the case of bottles 3, by increasing the speed.
  • the boxes 2 leaving the roller conveyor are pushed out, as can also be seen in FIG. 1, onto a table 20 which is arranged at the end of the conveying channel 4 and is level with the roller conveyor and forms a storage space.
  • the last roller 15 of the roller conveyor can be designed as a non-driven guide roller to accomplish a smooth transition.
  • Side plates 18 are provided for the lateral limitation of the conveying channel delimited downwards by the rollers 15.
  • the conveyor channels 4 and 5 arranged one above the other are accommodated on a common support frame 21 which has two floors arranged one above the other, each of which houses a conveyor channel 4 or 5.
  • the support frame 21 can consist of spaced-apart, portal-shaped frames 22 which are connected to one another by longitudinal bars 23.
  • Longitudinal guides 24 extending over the entire length of the frame are fastened to the vertically standing columns of the frame 22 in order to form the two superposed floors. In the illustrated embodiment, these are angled rails accommodated on the mutually facing inner sides of the frame 22.
  • On these longitudinal guides 24 can be inserted like a drawer Inserted parts 25 and 26a, 26b, each of which has a self-supporting, box-shaped frame 27, on which the elements provided for forming an assigned conveying channel 4 or 5 are received.
  • the front entry slot 8 is located in the region of a closure flap 28 pivotably mounted on the front portal frame 22, as can be seen in FIGS. 1 and 3. In Figure 2, only the pivot bearing and the stop mechanism of the closure flap in the form of hinge cones 29 and locking eyelets 30 are indicated.
  • the lower box conveyor channel 4 In the area of the lower box conveyor channel, two insertion parts 26a and 26b are arranged one behind the other, each of which contains a section 14a and 14b of the roller conveyor.
  • the lower box conveyor channel 4 extends beyond the upper bottle conveyor channel 5.
  • a frame extension 21b overlapped by the bottle receiving table 19, which is also penetrated by the longitudinal guides 24 provided for forming the lower level and to which the box receiving table 20 adjoins.
  • the rear section 14a of the roller conveyor in the direction of transport is approximately one box length above the front portal frame 22 of the front Support frame 21 before, so that there is practically a kind of protruding loading ramp, as indicated in Figure 1 at 31.
  • the bottles 2 and crates 3 are scanned for identification when they pass through the respectively assigned conveying channel 4 or 5 by means of assigned scanning devices.
  • the values obtained in this way can be entered into a computer which identifies and determines the deposit value which can be printed out in the form of a receipt by means of a printer controlled by the computer.
  • the scanning elements provided for scanning the bottles 3 are, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, received on holders 32a and 32b, which are located laterally next to the conveyor belt 6b running faster in the direction of transport and are fastened to the frame 27 of the relevant insert part 25 can.
  • These scanning elements can be a plurality of reflection light barriers 33 arranged one above the other in parallel to the transport plane and oriented transversely to the direction of travel of the tape, with opposing sensors and reflectors. Using these reflection light barriers 33, digitized values of the passing bottles 3 that cut the axis between the sensor and the reflector can be determined in conjunction with the belt speed, which can be determined, for example, via an incremental disk 41 that can be driven together with the belt 6b and is also recognizable in FIG.
  • the scanning organs provided for scanning the boxes 2 and provided in the area of the lower box conveyor channel 4 contain a probe 34 which spans the rear, faster-driven roller conveyor section 14b and which, as can best be seen from FIG. 3, consists of a plurality of rows arranged side by side Reflection light switches 35 can exist, of which an associated track is scanned to detect the box filling.
  • the height measurement is carried out by reflection light switches 36 arranged in the area of the longitudinal edges of the assigned conveying channel 4 and offset in terms of height with respect to one another.
  • the width measurement is carried out together with the lateral alignment of the boxes with respect to the probe head 34 arranged here in the center.
  • the side plates 18 are divided in the area of the front roller track section 14b .
  • the respective rear section is designed as a slide 37 that can be moved transversely to the transport direction. These are received on holders 38 which extend between two rollers 15 and can be moved in opposite directions transversely to the transport direction by means of a drive device 39 which can be frictionally coupled to them. As a result, the passing boxes are aligned in the center.
  • the reverse position of the opposing slides 37 is sensed by proximity sensors 40 provided in the area of the drive device 39 to determine the width of the respective box.
  • further reflection light barriers can be provided for activating or passivating the individual drive elements.
  • these light barriers can be spatially inclined, i. H. be inclined to the transport plane and direction.
  • Such light barriers 47 are accordingly located in the area of the front entrance and opposite exit of the two delivery channels 4 and 5 as well as in the area in front of the sporadically drivable units, for example in the form of extension disks 11, side alignment slides 37 etc.
  • incremental disks of the type indicated at 41 in FIGS. 4 and 5 can be used to digitally record the distance traveled by the separated boxes 2 or bottles 3 as they pass the assigned scanning devices 34, 35, 36 and 33, which are coupled to the corresponding transport organs.
  • the incremental disk 41 on which FIGS. 4 and 5 are based and which are assigned to the bottle scanning members 33 is placed on the shaft 42 of the drive motor 9 assigned to the conveyor belts 6a, 6b by means of a hub.
  • the speed of the incremental disk 41 is accordingly in a fixed relationship to the speed of the conveyor belt 6b which transports the bottles past the scanning members 33.
  • this is designed as a hinge plate conveyor, the hinge plates 43 of which are in positive engagement with the associated deflecting rollers, so that inaccuracies are excluded due to slippage.
  • the adjacent conveyor belt 6a can also be designed as a hinge plate conveyor. Conveyors of this type result in high stability in the area of the transport level.
  • the two conveyor belts 6a, 6b can be accommodated in a common tunnel, indicated at 44 in FIG. 4.
  • the perforated circumference of the incremental disk 41 plunges into a sensor 45 designed as a light barrier, the output signals of which are superimposed on the output signals of the reflection light barriers 33.
  • the sensor 45 is fastened to the frame 27 by means of a holder 46.
  • the longitudinal conveyor belt which is preferably enclosed by a support plate, can also be provided in each case to form the conveyor belt 6a and / or 6b.
  • An incremental disk can also be provided in the area of the box conveyor channel 4.
  • This can be connected to a freely rotatable driving roller 15a of the roller conveyor.
  • the roller of the roller conveyor arranged underneath the probe 34 is designed as a non-driven driving roller 15a. This can have an elastic circumference slightly protruding beyond the transport plane, for example in the form of a foam jacket.
  • the driving roller 15a accordingly unwinds with the actual speed of the box 2 passing over it on the box bottom.

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  • Sorting Of Articles (AREA)
  • Control Of Vending Devices And Auxiliary Devices For Vending Devices (AREA)
  • Vending Machines For Individual Products (AREA)
  • Attitude Control For Articles On Conveyors (AREA)
  • Automatic Analysis And Handling Materials Therefor (AREA)
  • Supplying Of Containers To The Packaging Station (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

In the case of a device for mechanically accepting empties, more particularly bottles subject to a deposit, with a conveying device and a sensing device associated therewith, a high degree of reliability and a simple design are made possible inasfar as such conveying means comprises a conveying passage which comprises two parallel sections which are offset in relation to each other in the direction of conveying and have conveying belts placed side by side and arranged to be driven at different speeds, and an intermediate member extending obliquely in relation to the direction of motion of the conveying belts so as to bridge over a gap between the adjacent conveying belts, an outlet end part of the section with the more rapid conveying belt under it extending past the sensing means, which has a number of vertically offset sensing elements, aligned so as to be generally parallel to the plane of conveyance and adapted to sense the diameter of the empties.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur maschinellen Rücknahme von Leergut in Form von Flaschen mit einer Transportvorrichtung, die einen durch feste Seitenwände begrenzten, von einem Förderband untergriffenen Förderkanal aufweist und mit einer seitlich des Förderkanals angeordneten Abtasteinrichtung, die mehrere höhenmäßig gegeneinander versetzte Durchmessertaster umfaßt.The invention relates to a device for the mechanical return of empties in the form of bottles with a transport device which has a conveying channel which is delimited by fixed side walls and under which a conveyor belt extends, and with a scanning device which is arranged on the side of the conveying channel and which comprises a plurality of diameter sensors offset in terms of height.

Aus der US-A 4 253 573 ist eine Vorrichtung zur wahlweisen maschinellen Rücknahme von einzelnen Flaschen oder mehrere Flaschen enthaltenden Behältern bekannt. Die Vorrichtung weist zur Erfassung von einzelnen Flaschen ein durchlaufendes Förderband auf. Über dem Förderband ist ein schwenkbarer Arm mit einer Reibungsfläche angeordnet, der sich schräg zur Transportrichtung erstreckt und die Flaschen oder Behälter in Richtung zum freien Ende des Armes ablenkt. Diesem Arm ist eine Schrittschalteinrichtung zugeordnet, die bewirkt, daß nur in bestimmten Abständen eine Flasche oder ein Behälter zwischen dem freien Ende des Armes und der einen Seitenwand passieren kann. Passiert eine Flasche, so läuft sie anschließend auf dem gleichen Förderband zwischen höhenmäßig versetzten Durchmessertastern hindurch, bevor sie über ein Ableitblech seitlich vom Förderband entfernt wird.From US-A 4 253 573 a device for the optional mechanical withdrawal of individual bottles or containers containing several bottles is known. The device has a continuous conveyor belt for the detection of individual bottles. Above the conveyor belt is a pivotable arm with a friction surface, which extends obliquely to the direction of transport and the bottles or containers towards the free end of the Poor distracts. A stepping device is assigned to this arm, which means that a bottle or a container can only pass between the free end of the arm and the one side wall at certain intervals. If a bottle passes, it then runs on the same conveyor belt between vertically offset diameter probes before it is removed from the conveyor belt on the side using a deflector.

Mit dieser Anordnung wird also der Durchlauf der Flaschen zur Abstastvorrichtung verzögert, damit die Flaschen einen eine exakte Erfassung ihres Durchmessers gestattenden gegenseitigen Abstand erhalten. Dies mindert die Durchsatzleistung. Die hierzu erforderliche Schrittschalteinrichtung erhöht außerdem den Bauaufwand und bringt die Gefahr mit sich, daß sie, bedingt durch den Anlauf von Behältern, stark beansprucht wird und damit verschleißt. Auch sind die Flaschen auf dem sich vom beweglichen Arm bis zum Ableitblech erstreckenden Abschnitt des Förderbandes nicht in einem beiderseits durch Seitenwände begrenzten Förderkanal geführt. Es besteht daher die Gefahr, daß sie, insbesondere beim Anfahren des Förderbandes umkippen und dann nicht mehr ordnungsgemäß abgeführt werden können.With this arrangement, the passage of the bottles to the scanning device is thus delayed, so that the bottles are given a mutual distance that allows an exact detection of their diameter. This reduces the throughput. The step switching device required for this also increases the construction effort and entails the risk that it will be heavily stressed due to the start-up of containers and thus wear out. Also, the bottles on the section of the conveyor belt which extends from the movable arm to the discharge plate are not guided in a conveyor channel delimited on both sides by side walls. There is therefore a risk that they will tip over, particularly when the conveyor belt is started, and then can no longer be properly removed.

Zur maschinellen Rücknahme von Flaschenkästen ist aus der DE-A 26 45 024 eine Vorrichtung bekannt, bei der der Flaschenkasten auf einem Förderband zu einer Abtasteinrichtung geführt wird. Diese besteht aus einem Tastkopf mit einer heb- und senkbar angeordneten Trägerplatte, die nach einem vorgegebenen Muster angeordnete Rohrhutzen trägt, in denen mechanische Taster und diesen zugeordnete Lichtschranken angeordnet sind. Das Anordnungsmuster der Rohrhutzen entspricht dabei der Aufstellung der Flaschen in einem ganz gefüllten Flaschenkasten. Diese Vorrichtung ist daher zur maschinellen Rücknahme einzelner Flaschen nicht geeignet. Ein weiterer Nachteil dieser bekannten Anordnung ist darin zu sehen, daß der Abtastvorgang in Form eines Überstülpens der Rohrhutzen über ein Flasche nur im Stillstand des Kastens erfolgen kann, so daß sich auch nur eine geringe Durchsatzleistung ergibt.DE-A 26 45 024 discloses a device for mechanically taking back bottle crates in which the bottle crate is guided to a scanning device on a conveyor belt. This consists of a probe head with a support plate that can be raised and lowered, and the pipe scoops arranged according to a predetermined pattern carries, in which mechanical buttons and associated light barriers are arranged. The arrangement of the pipe scoops corresponds to the placement of the bottles in a completely filled bottle crate. This device is therefore not suitable for the mechanical return of individual bottles. Another disadvantage of this known arrangement can be seen in the fact that the scanning process in the form of slipping the pipe scoops over a bottle can only take place when the box is at a standstill, so that there is only a low throughput.

Weiterhin ist aus der US-A 3 848 742 eine Prüfvorrichtung für Glasbehälter, die einer Fertigungsvorrichtung nachgeschaltet ist, bekannt. Diese Vorrichtung weist zwar zwei nebeneinander angeordnete Förderbänder auf, sie ist jedoch zur maschinellen Rücknahme von Flaschen verschiedener Größe und Form nicht geeignet, da das zur Prüfung vorgesehene lichtabstrahlende Element und der damit zusammenwirkende Sensor für den bei Durchgang durch den Glasbehälter gebrochenen Strahl in einer ganz bestimmten Lage oberhalb des Glasbehälters angeordnet sein muß. Dabei kann mit diesen Elementen der Durchmesser des Glasbehälters nicht ermittelt werden, sondern lediglich ein Fehler beispielsweise in Form einer Blase oder eines Sprunges in der Behälterwand. Auch bewegt sich der Glasbehälter während der Prüfung nicht in Transportrichtung, sondern wird gedreht.Furthermore, a test device for glass containers, which is connected downstream of a production device, is known from US Pat. No. 3,848,742. Although this device has two conveyor belts arranged next to each other, it is not suitable for the mechanical return of bottles of different sizes and shapes, since the light-emitting element intended for testing and the sensor interacting therewith for the beam broken when it passes through the glass container are in a very specific one Position above the glass container must be arranged. The diameter of the glass container cannot be determined with these elements, but only an error, for example in the form of a bubble or a crack in the container wall. The glass container does not move in the transport direction during the test, but is rotated.

Hiervon ausgehend ist es die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art mit einfachen und kostengünstigen Mitteln so zu verbessern, daß trotz eines einfachen und robusten Aufbaus eine hohe Genauigkeit und Zuverlässigkeit sowie eine hohe Durchsatzleitung erreichbar sind.Proceeding from this, it is the object of the present invention to improve a device of the type mentioned at the beginning with simple and inexpensive means in such a way that that despite a simple and robust construction, high accuracy and reliability as well as a high throughput line can be achieved.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch Anwendung der Maßnahmen des Kennzeichens des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by applying the measures of the characterizing part of claim 1.

Mit diesen Maßnahmen werden die oben geschilderten Nachteile vollständig beseitigt. Die erfindungsgemäßen Maßnahmen ermöglichen in vorteilhafter Weise einen ununterbrochenen Durchlaufbetrieb. Eine einfache Vorbeiführung der Flaschen an der Tasteinrichtung ist dabei zur Durchmessererfassung vollständig ausreichend. Andererseits genügt die Durchmessererfassung auf mehreren Stufen, vorzugsweise fünf unterschiedlichen Höhen, um eine einwandfreie Identifizierung der Flaschen zu ermöglichen. Die erfindungsgemäßen Maßnahmen stellen zudem in vorteilhafter Weise eine automatische Ausrichtung und Vereinzelung der Flaschen vor ihrer Abtastung sicher. Die in das schräglaufende Zwischenstück des Förderkanals in Laufrichtung der Bänder einlaufenden Flaschen legen sich nämlich unabhängig von ihrer Stellung auf dem hinteren Förderband im Bereich des Zwischenstücks automatisch an die Seitenwand des Förderkanals an und passieren dementsprechend die im Bereich des auslaufseitigen Abschnitts seitlich angeordnete Tasteinrichtung in einem genau vorgegebenen Abstand. Die Vereinzelung der aufeinanderfolgenden Flaschen erfolgt einfach durch unterschiedliche Bandgeschwindigkeiten. Die vorstehenden Ausführungen lassen erkennen, daß die Erfindung mit einfachen und dementsprechend kostengünstigen Mitteln eine hohe Funktionsgenauigkeit ermöglicht.With these measures, the disadvantages described above are completely eliminated. The measures according to the invention advantageously enable uninterrupted continuous operation. A simple bypass of the Bottles on the probe device are completely sufficient for diameter detection. On the other hand, the diameter measurement on several levels, preferably five different heights, is sufficient to enable the bottles to be identified correctly. The measures according to the invention also advantageously ensure automatic alignment and separation of the bottles before they are scanned. The bottles entering the inclined intermediate piece of the conveying channel in the direction of travel of the belts automatically lie against the side wall of the conveying channel, regardless of their position on the rear conveyor belt in the area of the intermediate piece, and accordingly pass through the push-button device arranged laterally in the area of the outlet-side section in a precise manner given distance. The successive bottles are simply separated by different belt speeds. The above statements show that the invention enables high functional accuracy with simple and accordingly inexpensive means.

Vorteilhaft können die Taster als Reflexionslichtschalter ausgebildet sein. Hierbei handelt es sich in vorteilhafter Weise um berührungslos wirkende Taster, die ein der von dem an ihnen vorbei transportierten, ihre Achse schneidenden Gegenstand benötigten Durchlaufzeit entsprechendes Signal abgeben. Diesem Signal kann einfach die Geschwindigkeit des betreffenden Förderbands überlagert werden, woraus dann der Durchmesser ermittelt werden kann. Die genannten Maßnahmen ergeben dabei in vorteilhafter Weise automatisch eine binäre Codierung und erleichtern damit eine Digitalisierung und maschinelle Verarbeitung der gewonnen Daten.The buttons can advantageously be designed as reflection light switches. These are advantageously non-contact buttons which emit a signal corresponding to the throughput time required by the object which is transported past them and intersects their axis. The speed of the conveyor belt in question can simply be superimposed on this signal, from which the diameter can then be determined. The measures mentioned here advantageously result in binary coding and thus facilitate digitization and machine processing of the data obtained Data.

Eine weitere zweckmäßige Maßnahme kann darin bestehen, daß die Geschwindigkeit des schneller laufenden, die Abtasteinrichtung passierenden Förderbands mittels einer mit ihm gekoppelten Meßeinrichtung erfaßt wird. Hierbei ist sichergestellt, daß den Hell-Dunkel-Signalen der Tasteinrichtung die jeweils tatsächlich vorhandene Geschwindigkeit des Förderbands überlagert wird, so daß Ungenauigkeiten infolge von Geschwindigkeitsschwankungen ausgeschaltet sind. Hierzu kann einfach eine mit einer Umlenkwalze des betreffenden Förderbands verbundene Inkrementalscheibe Verwendung finden, deren Drehschritte mittels eines zugeordneten Sensors erfaßbar sind, was eine höchst einfache und dennoch zuverlässige Anordnung mit automatischer Digitalisierung ergibt.A further expedient measure can consist in that the speed of the faster running conveyor belt passing the scanning device is recorded by means of a measuring device coupled to it. This ensures that the light-dark signals of the scanning device are superimposed on the speed of the conveyor belt that is actually present, so that inaccuracies due to speed fluctuations are eliminated. For this purpose, an incremental disc connected to a deflecting roller of the conveyor belt in question can be used, the rotation steps of which can be detected by means of an associated sensor, which results in a highly simple yet reliable arrangement with automatic digitization.

In weiterer Fortbildung der übergeordneten Maßnahmen kann der Förderkanal an seinem vorderen Ende in den Spalt zwischen zwei um zur Transportebene lotrechte Achsen rotierende Auswurfscheiben einlaufen. Diese Auswurfscheiben gewährleisten in vorteilhafter Weise einen zwangsweisen Ausstoß und damit eine zwangsweise Räumung des Meßbereichs, was sich vorteilhaft auf die erzielbare Genauigkeit und Funktionssicherheit auswirkt. Zweckmäßig kann dem Förderkanal dabei ein mittels der Auswurfscheiben beaufschlagbarer Tisch nachgeordnet sein, so daß sich ein großer Stauraum ergibt.In a further development of the superordinate measures, the conveying channel can run into the gap between two ejection disks rotating about axes perpendicular to the transport plane at its front end. These ejection disks advantageously ensure forced ejection and thus forced evacuation of the measuring range, which has an advantageous effect on the accuracy and functional reliability that can be achieved. A table which can be acted upon by the ejection disks can expediently be arranged downstream of the conveyor channel, so that there is a large storage space.

Eine weitere vorteilhafte Maßnahme kann darin bestehen, daß im Bereich des Ein- und Ausgangs des Förderkanals vorzugsweise schräg zur Transportebene und Transportrichtung angeordnete Lichtschranken vorgesehen sind. Diese Maßnahmen ermöglichen eine Automatisierung durch selbsttätigen Start und Stop. Die räumlich schräge Anordnung der Lichtschranken gewährleistet dabei in vorteilhafter Weise, daß mit Hilfe einer Lichtschranke der ganze Querschnitt des Förderkanals abgetastet werden kann.A further advantageous measure can consist in the fact that in the area of the inlet and outlet of the conveying channel, preferably obliquely to the transport plane and direction arranged light barriers are provided. These measures enable automation through automatic start and stop. The spatially oblique arrangement of the light barriers advantageously ensures that the entire cross section of the conveying channel can be scanned with the aid of a light barrier.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und zweckmäßige Weiterbildungen der übergeordneten Maßnahmen ergeben sich aus der nachstehenden Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispiels anhand der Zeichnung in Verbindung mit den restlichen Unteransprüchen.Further advantageous refinements and expedient further developments of the superordinate measures result from the following description of an exemplary embodiment using the drawing in conjunction with the remaining subclaims.

In der Zeichnung zeigen:

Figur 1
eine Seitenansicht einer Leergutannahmestation für Flaschen und Flaschenkästen mit abgenommener Verkleidung,
Figur 2
eine Frontansicht der Anordnung gemäß Figur 1 mit abgenommener Frontklappe,
Figur 3
eine Draufsicht auf die Anordnung gemäß Figur 1,
Figur 4
einen Schnitt entlang der Linie IV/IV in Figur 3 und
Figur 5
ein Beispiel für die Wegmessung mittels Inkrementalscheibe.
The drawing shows:
Figure 1
a side view of an empties receiving station for bottles and bottle crates with the cover removed,
Figure 2
2 shows a front view of the arrangement according to FIG. 1 with the front flap removed,
Figure 3
2 shows a plan view of the arrangement according to FIG. 1,
Figure 4
a section along the line IV / IV in Figure 3 and
Figure 5
an example of distance measurement using an incremental disk.

Da Getränkleergut in Form von Einzelflaschen und in Form von Flaschenkästen anfallen kann, besitzt die den Zeichnungen zugrundeliegende, als Ganzes mit 1 bezeichnete Getränkleergutannahmestation, wie die Figuren 1 und 2 zeigen, eine untere Einzugsstrecke für Flaschenkästen 2 und eine darüber sich befindende Einzugsstrecke für Einzelflaschen 3. Dementsprechend sind zwei übereinander angeordnete, von der Frontseite her zugängliche Förderkanäle 4 bzw. 5 vorgesehen, die mit an zugeordneten Abtasteinrichtungen vorbeigeführten Kästentransportorganen bzw. Flaschentransportorganen bestückt sind. Der der Kasteneinzugesstrecke zugeordnete Förderkanal 4 besitzt dabei einen geradlinigen Verlauf zwischen Ein-und Ausgang. Der der Flascheneinzugsstrecke zugeordnete Förderkanal 5 besitzt, wie am besten aus Figur 3 erkennbar ist, zwei parallel und in Transportrichtung gegeneinander versetzte Abschnitte 5a bzw. 5b, die durch ein schräg hierzu verlaufendes Zwischenstück 5c verbunden sind.Since beverage goods can be produced in the form of individual bottles and in the form of bottle crates, the beverage goods receiving station on which the drawings are based, designated as a whole by 1, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, has a lower intake section for bottle crates 2 and an intake section for individual bottles 3 located above them Accordingly, two superimposed conveying channels 4 and 5 are provided, which are equipped with box conveying elements or bottle conveying elements which are guided past assigned scanning devices. The conveyor channel 4 assigned to the box feed section has a straight course between the inlet and the outlet. As best seen in FIG. 3, the conveying channel 5 assigned to the bottle infeed section has two sections 5a and 5b, which are offset parallel to one another and in the direction of transport and are connected by an intermediate piece 5c running obliquely thereto.

Zur Bildung der den Boden des Förderkanals 5 bildenden Flaschentransportorgane sind im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel zwei, eine ebene, horizontale Transportbahn bildende, mit gegenseitiger Überlappung hintereinander angeordnete, entsprechend der seitlichen Versetzung der Förderkanalabschnitte 5a und 5b um ihre Breite seitlich gegeneinander versetzt Förderbänder 6a, 6b vorgesehen. Zur seitlichen Begrenzung des zugehörigen Förderkanals 5 sind die Förderbänder 6a, 6b übergreifende Seitenbleche 7 vorgesehen. Diese besitzen, wie am besten aus Figur 3 erkennbar ist, im Überlappungsbereich der Förderbänder 6a, 6b einen zur Bildung des Zwischenstücks 5c schräg zur Bandlaufrichtung verlaufenden Bereich 7a. Dieser bildet praktisch eine die Fuge zwischen den Förderbändern 6a, 6b überquerende Kulisse zum Überleiten der zu transportierenden Flaschen vom rückwärtigen Abschnitt 5a zum nachgeordneten Abschnitt 5b des Förderkanals. Nach der Eingabe der Flaschen 3 über einen am besten in Figur 2 angedeuteten Eingabespalt werden diese durch das in Laufrichtung hintere Förderband 6a in Bandlaufrichtung abgezogen. Jede Flasche läuft dabei unabhängig von ihrer Position auf dem Förderband 6a an der dieses überquerenden Überleitkulisse 7a an und wird an dieser entlanggeführt, bis sie vom zweiten Förderband 6b mitgenommen wird. Die Flaschen 3 befinden sich dabei praktisch in seitlicher Anlage an dem dem ersten Förderband 6a zugewandten Seitenblech 7 des zweiten Förderkanalabschnitts 5b.In the illustrated embodiment, two conveyor belts 6a, 6b, which form a flat, horizontal transport path and are arranged one behind the other with mutual overlap and are offset according to the lateral offset of the conveyor channel sections 5a and 5b by their width, are provided to form the bottle transport members forming the bottom of the conveyor channel 5. For the lateral limitation of the associated conveyor channel 5, the conveyor belts 6a, 6b cross-over side plates 7 are provided. As can best be seen from FIG. 3, these have one in the overlap region of the conveyor belts 6a, 6b to form the intermediate piece 5c obliquely to the tape running area 7a. This practically forms a backdrop crossing the joint between the conveyor belts 6a, 6b for transferring the bottles to be transported from the rear section 5a to the downstream section 5b of the conveyor channel. After the bottles 3 have been entered via an input gap best indicated in FIG. 2, they are drawn off in the belt running direction by the rear conveyor belt 6a. Each bottle runs independently of its position on the conveyor belt 6a at the transfer link 7a crossing it and is guided along it until it is carried along by the second conveyor belt 6b. The bottles 3 are practically in lateral contact with the side plate 7 of the second conveyor channel section 5b facing the first conveyor belt 6a.

Zur Vereinzelung der aufeinanderfolgenden Flaschen, d.h. zur Bewerkstelligung eines Abstands zwischen aufeinanderfolgenden Flaschen, wird das zweite Förderband 6b etwas schneller angetrieben als das erste Förderband 6a, wie in den Figuren 1 und 3 anhand unterschiedlicher Durchmesser der mittels eines gemeinsamen Antriebsmotors 9 antreibbaren Treibräder 10a bzw. 10b der beiden Förderbänder 6a, 6b angedeutet ist. Da die Flaschen bei der Überleitung vom ersten Förderband 6a auf das zweite Förderband 6b eine seitliche Ausrichtung erfahren, kann sich auch der Förderkanal entsprechend verengen, wie am besten aus Figur 3 erkennbar ist. Der in Transportrichtung vordere Abschnitt 5b kann dementsprechend schmäler als der rückwärtige Förderkanalabschnitt 5a ausgebildet sein. Dasselbe gilt für die Förderbänder 6a, 6b.To separate the successive bottles, ie to achieve a distance between successive bottles, the second conveyor belt 6b is driven somewhat faster than the first conveyor belt 6a, as in FIGS. 1 and 3 on the basis of different diameters of the drive wheels 10a or, respectively, which can be driven by a common drive motor 9. 10b of the two conveyor belts 6a, 6b is indicated. Since the bottles are laterally aligned when they are transferred from the first conveyor belt 6a to the second conveyor belt 6b, the conveyor channel can also narrow accordingly, as can best be seen from FIG. The front section 5b in the transport direction can accordingly be made narrower than the rear conveyor channel section 5a. The same applies to the conveyor belts 6a, 6b.

Der in Transportrichtung vordere Abschnitt 5b des Förderkanals läuft an seinem Ende in den Spalt zwischen zwei um lotrecht zur Transportebene angeordnete Achsen rotierende Abzugsscheiben 11 ein. Hierbei kann es sich um Sch-eiben mit einem Gummi- bzw. Schaumgummimantel handeln, die zur Bildung einer Mitnahmekontur mit umfangsseitigen Ausnehmungen 12 versehen sind. Der Antrieb der Mitnahmescheiben 11 kann als Separatantrieb ausgebildet sein, oder über ein Winkelgetriebe vom Antrieb des sie untergreifenden Förderbands 6b abgeleitet werden. Die Achsen der Abzugsscheiben 11 sind dementsprechend lotrecht zur vorderen Umlenkachse des Förderbands 6b angeordnet. Die von den Abzugsscheiben 11 abgezogenen Flaschen 3 gelangen, wie in Figur 1 angedeutet ist, auf einen am Ende des Förderkanals 5 etwa niveaugleich mit den Förderbändern 6a, 6b angeordneten, einen Stauraum bildenden Flaschentisch 19.At its end, the front section 5b of the conveying channel in the transport direction runs into the gap between two extraction disks 11 rotating about axes arranged perpendicular to the transport plane. These can be disks with a rubber or foam rubber jacket, which are provided with circumferential recesses 12 to form a driving contour. The drive of the driving disks 11 can be designed as a separate drive, or can be derived via an angular gear from the drive of the conveyor belt 6b engaging under it. The axes of the extraction disks 11 are accordingly arranged perpendicular to the front deflection axis of the conveyor belt 6b. As indicated in FIG. 1, the bottles 3 pulled off the extraction disks 11 reach a bottle table 19 which is arranged at the end of the conveyor channel 5 and is approximately level with the conveyor belts 6a, 6b and forms a storage space.

Der Antrieb der seitlich nebeneinander angeordneten Förderbänder 6a, 6b erfolgt, wie aus Figur 3 ersichtlich ist, im Bereich ihrer, einander gegenüberliegenden Längsseiten. Die mittels eines Kettentriebs mit dem Antriebsmotor 9 verbundene Umlenkwalze des rückwärtigen Förderbands 6a ist daher mit einem das benachbarte Förderband 6b durchgreifenden Stummel versehen, der ein Kettenrad 10c trägt, das über eine nicht näher bezeichnete Kette mit dem Antriebsrad 10b des vorderen Förderbands 6a zusammenwirkt.The conveyor belts 6a, 6b arranged laterally next to one another are driven, as can be seen from FIG. 3, in the region of their opposing longitudinal sides. The deflecting roller of the rear conveyor belt 6a, which is connected to the drive motor 9 by means of a chain drive, is therefore provided with a stub which extends through the adjacent conveyor belt 6b and which carries a chain wheel 10c which interacts with the drive wheel 10b of the front conveyor belt 6a via a chain (not specified).

Die zum Transport der Flaschenkästen 2 vorgesehenen Förderorgane sind als Rollenbahn mit zwei hintereinander angeordneten Bahnabschnitten 14a, 14b ausgebildet, deren Rollen 15 um horizontale Achse rotieren. Jedem Bahnabschnitt 14a, 14b ist dabei eine Antriebseinrichtung 16 zugeordnet, die über in Figur 2 angedeutete Kettentriebe 17 mit den Rollen des jeweils zugeordneten Abschnitts 14a bzw. 14b zusammenwirkt. Die Vereinzelung der aufeinanderfolgenden Kästen 2 erfolgt, wie im Falle der Flaschen 3 durch Geschwindigkeitserhöhung. Die die Rollenbahn verlassenden Kästen 2 werden, wie Figur 1 weiter erkennen läßt, auf einen am Ende des Förderkanals 4 niveaugleich mit der Rollenbahn angeordneten Tisch 20 ausgeschoben, der einen Stauraum bildet. Die letzte Rolle 15 der Rollenbahn kann dabei zur Bewerkstelligung eines sanften Übergangs als unangetriebene Leitrolle ausgebildet sein. Zur seitlichen Begrenzung des von den Rollen 15 nach unten begrenzten Förderkanals sind Seitenbleche 18 vorgesehen.The conveyor elements provided for transporting the bottle crates 2 are arranged as a roller conveyor with two in a row Track sections 14a, 14b formed, the rollers 15 rotate about the horizontal axis. A drive device 16 is assigned to each track section 14a, 14b, which cooperates with the rollers of the respectively assigned section 14a or 14b via chain drives 17 indicated in FIG. The successive boxes 2 are separated, as in the case of bottles 3, by increasing the speed. The boxes 2 leaving the roller conveyor are pushed out, as can also be seen in FIG. 1, onto a table 20 which is arranged at the end of the conveying channel 4 and is level with the roller conveyor and forms a storage space. The last roller 15 of the roller conveyor can be designed as a non-driven guide roller to accomplish a smooth transition. Side plates 18 are provided for the lateral limitation of the conveying channel delimited downwards by the rollers 15.

Die übereinander angeordneten Förderkanäle 4 bzw. 5 sind auf einem gemeinsamen Traggestell 21 aufgenommen, das zwei übereinander angeordnete, jeweils einen Förderkanal 4 bzw. 5 beherbergende Etagen aufweist. Das Traggestell 21 kann dabei aus mit Abstand hintereinander angeordneten, portalförmigen Rahmen 22 bestehen, die durch Längsholme 23 miteinander verbunden sind. An den lotrecht stehenden Säulen der Rahmen 22 sind zur Bildung der zwei übereinander angeordneten Etagen über die ganze Gestellänge sich erstreckende Längsführungen 24 befestigt. Im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel handelt es sich dabei um an den einander zugewandten Innenseiten der Rahmen 22 aufgenommene Winkelschienen. Auf diesen Längsführungen 24 sind schubladenartig einschiebbare Einschubteile 25 bzw. 26a, 26b aufgenommen, die jeweils ein selbsttragendes, kastenförmiges Rahmengestell 27 aufweisen, auf dem die zur Bildung eines zugeordneten Förderkanals 4 bzw. 5 vorgesehenen Elemente aufgenommen sind.The conveyor channels 4 and 5 arranged one above the other are accommodated on a common support frame 21 which has two floors arranged one above the other, each of which houses a conveyor channel 4 or 5. The support frame 21 can consist of spaced-apart, portal-shaped frames 22 which are connected to one another by longitudinal bars 23. Longitudinal guides 24 extending over the entire length of the frame are fastened to the vertically standing columns of the frame 22 in order to form the two superposed floors. In the illustrated embodiment, these are angled rails accommodated on the mutually facing inner sides of the frame 22. On these longitudinal guides 24 can be inserted like a drawer Inserted parts 25 and 26a, 26b, each of which has a self-supporting, box-shaped frame 27, on which the elements provided for forming an assigned conveying channel 4 or 5 are received.

Das den Flaschen-Förderkanal 5 enthaltende, im Bereich der oberen Gestelletage angeordnete Einschubteil 25 erstreckt sich einteilig vom frontseitigen Eingabespalt 8 bis zum Flaschenaufnahmetisch 19, d. h. über die ganze Länge des Flaschen-Förderkanals 5. Der frontseitige Eingabespalt 8 befindet sich im Bereich einer am frontseitigen Portalrahmen 22 schwenkbar gelagerten Verschlußklappe 28, wie die Figuren 1 und 3 erkennen lassen. In Figur 2 sind lediglich die Schwenklagerung und der Anschlagmechanismus der Verschlußklappe in Form von Scharnierkegeln 29 und Riegelösen 30 angedeutet.The insert part 25, which contains the bottle conveying channel 5 and is arranged in the region of the upper rack level, extends in one piece from the front input slot 8 to the bottle receiving table 19, i. H. over the entire length of the bottle conveying channel 5. The front entry slot 8 is located in the region of a closure flap 28 pivotably mounted on the front portal frame 22, as can be seen in FIGS. 1 and 3. In Figure 2, only the pivot bearing and the stop mechanism of the closure flap in the form of hinge cones 29 and locking eyelets 30 are indicated.

Im Bereich des unteren Kasten-Förderkanals sind zwei hintereinander angeordnete Einschubteile 26a bzw. 26b vorgesehen, die jeweils einen Abschnitt 14a bzw. 14b der Rollenbahn enthalten. Der untere Kasten-Förderkanal 4 erstreckt sich über den oberen Flaschen-Förderkanal 5 hinaus. Im Bereich der unteren Etage ergibt sich dementsprechend ein vom Flaschenaufnahmetisch 19 übergriffener Gestellansatz 21b, der ebenfalls von den zur Bildung der unteren Etage vorgesehenen Längsführungen 24 durchgriffen wird und an den sich der Kastenaufnahmetisch 20 anschließt. Zur Erzielung einer einfachen Bedienbarkeit steht der in Transportrichtung hintere Abschnitt 14a der Rollenbahn frontseitig um etwa eine Kastenlänge über den frontseitigen Portalrahmen 22 des Traggestells 21 vor, so daß sich praktisch eine Art vorstehende Laderampe ergibt, wie in Figur 1 bei 31 angedeutet ist. Die Flaschen 2 und Kästen 3 werden zu ihrer Identifizierung beim Durchlaufen des jeweils zugeordneten Förderkanals 4 bzw. 5 mittels zugeordneter Abtasteinrichtungen abgetastet. Die dabei gewonnen-en Werte können in einen Rechner eingegeben werden, der identifiziert und den Pfandwert ermittelt, der mittels eines vom Rechner angesteuerten Druckers in Form eines Bons ausgedruckt werden kann.In the area of the lower box conveyor channel, two insertion parts 26a and 26b are arranged one behind the other, each of which contains a section 14a and 14b of the roller conveyor. The lower box conveyor channel 4 extends beyond the upper bottle conveyor channel 5. In the area of the lower level there is accordingly a frame extension 21b overlapped by the bottle receiving table 19, which is also penetrated by the longitudinal guides 24 provided for forming the lower level and to which the box receiving table 20 adjoins. To achieve ease of use, the rear section 14a of the roller conveyor in the direction of transport is approximately one box length above the front portal frame 22 of the front Support frame 21 before, so that there is practically a kind of protruding loading ramp, as indicated in Figure 1 at 31. The bottles 2 and crates 3 are scanned for identification when they pass through the respectively assigned conveying channel 4 or 5 by means of assigned scanning devices. The values obtained in this way can be entered into a computer which identifies and determines the deposit value which can be printed out in the form of a receipt by means of a printer controlled by the computer.

Die zur Abtastung der Flaschen 3 vorgesehenen Abtastorgane sind, wie in Figuren 1 und 4 gezeigt, an Haltern 32a bzw. 32b aufgenommen, die sich seitlich neben dem in Transportrichtung vorderen, schneller laufenden Förderband 6b befinden und am Rahmen 27 des betreffenden Einschubteils 25 befestigt sein können. Bei diesen Abtastorganen kann es sich um mehrere transportebenenparallel übereinander angeordnete, quer zur Bandlaufrichtung ausgerichtete Reflexionslichtschranken 33 mit einander gegenüberliegenden Sensoren und Reflektoren handeln. Mittels dieser Reflexionslichtschranken 33 lassen sich in Verbindung mit der Bandgeschwindigkeit, die beispielsweise über eine zusammen mit dem Band 6b antreibbare, in Figur 4 ebenfalls erkennbare Inkrementalscheibe 41 ermittelbar ist, digitalisierte Werte der vorbeilaufenden, die Achse zwischen Sensor und Reflektor schneidenden Flaschen 3 ermitteln. Die mit Hilfe der übereinander angeordneten Lichtschranken 33 ermittelten Werte entsprechen dabei dem Durchmesser von auf der jeweiligen Höhe durch die Flaschen gelegten Horizontalschnitten. Umfangreiche Versuche haben gezeigt, daß sich mit Hilfe von fünf im Abstand von 15mm, 125mm, 150mm, 204mm und 270mm von der Transportebene angeordneten Abtastorganen praktisch alle gängigen Flaschentypen identifizieren lassen.The scanning elements provided for scanning the bottles 3 are, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, received on holders 32a and 32b, which are located laterally next to the conveyor belt 6b running faster in the direction of transport and are fastened to the frame 27 of the relevant insert part 25 can. These scanning elements can be a plurality of reflection light barriers 33 arranged one above the other in parallel to the transport plane and oriented transversely to the direction of travel of the tape, with opposing sensors and reflectors. Using these reflection light barriers 33, digitized values of the passing bottles 3 that cut the axis between the sensor and the reflector can be determined in conjunction with the belt speed, which can be determined, for example, via an incremental disk 41 that can be driven together with the belt 6b and is also recognizable in FIG. The values determined with the aid of the light barriers 33 arranged one above the other correspond to the diameter of horizontal cuts made at the respective height through the bottles. Extensive tests have shown that with the help Have five scanning elements arranged at a distance of 15mm, 125mm, 150mm, 204mm and 270mm from the transport level identify practically all common bottle types.

Die zur Abtastung der Kästen 2 vorgesehenen, im Bereich des unteren Kasten-Förderkanals 4 vorgesehenen Abtastorgene enthalten einen den hinteren, schneller angetriebenen Rollenbahnabschnitt 14b mit Abstand übergreifenden Tastkopf 34, der, wie am besten aus Figur 3 erkennbar ist, aus mehreren, reihenmäßig nebeneinander angeordneten Reflexionslichtschaltern 35 bestehen kann, von denen zur Erfassung der Kastenfüllung jeweils eine zugeordnete Spur abgetastet wird. Die Höhenmessung erfolgt durch im Bereich der Längskanten des zugeordneten Förderkanals 4 angeordnete, höhenmäßig gegeneinander versetzte Reflexionslichtschalter 36. Die Breitenmessung erfolgt zusammen mit der seitlichen Ausrichtung der Kästen bezüglich des hier mittig angeordneten Tastkopfes 34. Hierzu sind die Seitenbleche 18 im Bereich des vorderen Rollenbahnabschnitts 14b unterteilt. Der jeweils hintere Abschnitt ist dabei jeweils als quer zur Transportrichtung bewegbarer Schieber 37 ausgebildet. Diese sind an zwischen jeweils zwei Walzen 15 hindurchgreifenden Haltern 38 aufgenommen und mittels einer hiermit reibschlüssig kuppelbaren Antriebseinrichtung 39 gegenläufig quer zur Transportrichtung bewegbar. Hierdurch werden die vorbeilaufenden Kästen mittig ausgerichtet. Die Umkehrstellung der einander gegenüberliegenden Schieber 37 wird zur Feststellung der Breite des jeweiligen Kastens durch im Bereich der Antriebseinrichtung 39 vorgesehene Näherungsinitiatoren 40 abgetastet.The scanning organs provided for scanning the boxes 2 and provided in the area of the lower box conveyor channel 4 contain a probe 34 which spans the rear, faster-driven roller conveyor section 14b and which, as can best be seen from FIG. 3, consists of a plurality of rows arranged side by side Reflection light switches 35 can exist, of which an associated track is scanned to detect the box filling. The height measurement is carried out by reflection light switches 36 arranged in the area of the longitudinal edges of the assigned conveying channel 4 and offset in terms of height with respect to one another. The width measurement is carried out together with the lateral alignment of the boxes with respect to the probe head 34 arranged here in the center. For this purpose, the side plates 18 are divided in the area of the front roller track section 14b . The respective rear section is designed as a slide 37 that can be moved transversely to the transport direction. These are received on holders 38 which extend between two rollers 15 and can be moved in opposite directions transversely to the transport direction by means of a drive device 39 which can be frictionally coupled to them. As a result, the passing boxes are aligned in the center. The reverse position of the opposing slides 37 is sensed by proximity sensors 40 provided in the area of the drive device 39 to determine the width of the respective box.

Zusätzlich zu den Flaschen- bzw. Kastenabtasteinrichtungen können weitere, in Figur 3 bei 47 angedeutete Reflexionslichtschranken zur Aktivierung bzw. Passivierung der einzelnen Antriebsorgane vorgesehen sein. Zur Erfassung des gesamten Förderkanalquerschnitts können diese Lichtschranken räumlich schräg, d. h. geneigt zur Transportebene und -richtung angeordnet sein. Derartige Lichtschranken 47 befinden sich dementsprechend im Bereich des frontseitigen Eingangs und gegenüberliegenden Ausgangs der beiden Förderkanäle 4 bzw. 5 sowie im Bereich vor den sporadisch antreibbaren Aggregaten beispielsweise in Form der Ausschubscheiben 11, Seitenausrichtschiebern 37 etc..In addition to the bottle or box scanning devices, further reflection light barriers, indicated at 47 in FIG. 3, can be provided for activating or passivating the individual drive elements. To detect the entire cross-section of the conveying channel, these light barriers can be spatially inclined, i. H. be inclined to the transport plane and direction. Such light barriers 47 are accordingly located in the area of the front entrance and opposite exit of the two delivery channels 4 and 5 as well as in the area in front of the sporadically drivable units, for example in the form of extension disks 11, side alignment slides 37 etc.

Zur digitalen Erfassung der von den vereinzelten Kästen 2 bzw. Flaschen 3 beim Vorbeigang an den zugeordneten Abtasteinrichtungen 34, 35, 36 bzw. 33 jeweils zurückgelegten Wegstrecke können, wie schon erwähnt, Inkrementalscheiben der in Figuren 4 und 5 bei 41 angedeuteten Art Verwendung finden, die mit den entsprechenden Transportorganen gekuppelt sind. Die den Figuren 4 und 5 zugrundeliegende, den Flaschen-Abtastorganen 33 zugeordnete Inkrementalscheibe 41 ist dabei mittels einer Nabe auf die Welle 42 des den Transportbändern 6a, 6b zugeordneten Antriebsmotors 9 aufgesetzt. Die Geschwindigkeit der Inkrementalscheibe 41 steht dementsprechend in einem festen Verhältnis zur Geschwindigkeit des die Flaschen an den Abtastorganen 33 vorbeitransportierenden Förderbands 6b. Dieses ist, wie Figur 4 weiter erkennen läßt, als Scharnierplattenförderer ausgebildet, dessen Scharnierplatten 43 in formschlüssigem Eingriff mit den zugeordnten Umlenkwalzen sind, so daß Ungenauigkeiten infolge von Schlupf ausgeschlossen sind. Das benachbarte Förderband 6a kann ebenfalls als Scharnierplattenförderer ausgebildet sein. Förderer dieser Art ergeben eine hohe Stabilität im Bereich der Transportebene. Die beiden Förderbänder 6a, 6b können in einem gemeinsamen, in Figur 4 bei 44 angedeuteten Tunnel untergebracht sein. Die Inkrementalscheibe 41 tauch mit ihrem gelochten Umfang in einen als Lichtschranke ausgebildeten Sensor 45 ein, dessen Ausgangssignale den Ausgangssignalen der Reflexionslichtschranken 33 überlagert werden. Der Sensor 45 ist mittels eines Halters 46 am Rahmen 27 befestigt. Wo sich Scharnierplattenförderer zu laut oder aufwendig erweisen sollten, kann zur Bildung des Förderbands 6a und/oder 6b auch jeweils einvorzugsweise von einem Stützblech unterfaßtes Längsförderband vorgesehen sein.As already mentioned, incremental disks of the type indicated at 41 in FIGS. 4 and 5 can be used to digitally record the distance traveled by the separated boxes 2 or bottles 3 as they pass the assigned scanning devices 34, 35, 36 and 33, which are coupled to the corresponding transport organs. The incremental disk 41 on which FIGS. 4 and 5 are based and which are assigned to the bottle scanning members 33 is placed on the shaft 42 of the drive motor 9 assigned to the conveyor belts 6a, 6b by means of a hub. The speed of the incremental disk 41 is accordingly in a fixed relationship to the speed of the conveyor belt 6b which transports the bottles past the scanning members 33. 4, this is designed as a hinge plate conveyor, the hinge plates 43 of which are in positive engagement with the associated deflecting rollers, so that inaccuracies are excluded due to slippage. The adjacent conveyor belt 6a can also be designed as a hinge plate conveyor. Conveyors of this type result in high stability in the area of the transport level. The two conveyor belts 6a, 6b can be accommodated in a common tunnel, indicated at 44 in FIG. 4. The perforated circumference of the incremental disk 41 plunges into a sensor 45 designed as a light barrier, the output signals of which are superimposed on the output signals of the reflection light barriers 33. The sensor 45 is fastened to the frame 27 by means of a holder 46. Where hinge plate conveyors should prove to be too loud or complex, the longitudinal conveyor belt, which is preferably enclosed by a support plate, can also be provided in each case to form the conveyor belt 6a and / or 6b.

Im Bererich des Kastenförderkanals 4 kann ebenfalls eine Inkrementalscheibe vorgesehen sein. Diese kann mit einer frei drehbaren Mitnahmerolle 15a der Rollenbahn verbunden sein. Im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist hierzu die unterhalb des Tastkopfes 34 angeordnete Rolle der Rollenbahn als unangetriebene Mitnahmerolle 15a ausgebildet. Diese kann einen über die Transportebene etwas vorstehenden, elastischen Umfang, beispielsweise in Form eines Schaumstoffmantels, aufweisen. Die Mitnahmerolle 15a wickelt sich dementsprechend exakt mit der tatsächlichen Geschwindigkeit des darüber hinweggehenden Kastens 2 auf dem Kastenboden ab.An incremental disk can also be provided in the area of the box conveyor channel 4. This can be connected to a freely rotatable driving roller 15a of the roller conveyor. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the roller of the roller conveyor arranged underneath the probe 34 is designed as a non-driven driving roller 15a. This can have an elastic circumference slightly protruding beyond the transport plane, for example in the form of a foam jacket. The driving roller 15a accordingly unwinds with the actual speed of the box 2 passing over it on the box bottom.

Claims (10)

  1. A mechanical apparatus for accepting empties in the form of bottles (3) comprising a conveying device (5, 6a, 6b, 9, 10a and 10b), which has a conveying channel delimited by sturdy side walls (7) and having a conveyor belt (6a) running underneath it, and a sensing device (32, 32a, 32b and 33) arranged to the side of the conveying channel (5) and having a plurality of diameter sensing means (33) which are staggered in height in relation to one another, characterized in that adjacent to the conveyor belt (6a) constituting an inlet section (5a) of the conveying device a further conveyor belt (6a) is arranged which extends parallel thereto, is offset in the conveying direction and constitutes an outlet section (5b) of the conveying device, in that a intermediate member (5c) is provided which extends obliquely in relation to the direction of movement of the conveyor belts (6a and 6b), the sturdy side walls (7a) of the intermediate member (5c) forming a slide, running across the joint gap between the conveyor belts (6a and 6b), for the transfer of the bottles (3) from the inlet section (5a) to the outlet section (5b), in that the sensing means (33), which are in generally parallel alignment to the plane of conveying, are arranged to the side of the outlet section (5b) and in that the conveyor belt (6a) of the inlet section (5a) runs at a lower velocity than the conveyor belt (6b) of the outlet section (5b).
  2. The device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the sensing means are designed in the form of sensing means operating without making contact and preferably in the form of reflected light switches (33), which provide a signal corresponding to the passage time necessary for an article conveyed past them and intersecting their axis, such signal being able to be modulated in accordance with the velocity of the respective conveyor belt (6b).
  3. The device as claimed in either of the preceding claims, characterized in that as diameter sensing means there are five sensing means (33) spaced over the conveying plane at distances of 15 mm, 125 mm, 204 mm and 270 mm.
  4. The device as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the velocity of the conveyor belt (6a), which moves past the sensing means (33) more rapidly, is able to be detected by means of a measuring device coupled therewith and which preferably has an incremental disk (41), whose increment steps are able to be detected by means of an associated sensor (45).
  5. The device as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the section (5b), comprising the sensing means (33), of the conveying channel is narrower than the rear section (5a).
  6. The device as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive of the conveyor belts (6a and 6b) is at the sides facing away from one another and in that a driven roll is provided with a stub shaft extending through the adjacent conveyor belt.
  7. The device as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a front end of the conveying channel (5) extends into the gap between two draw-off wheels (11) adapted to rotate about axes preferably perpendicular to the front bend roll of the front conveyor belt (6b), which wheels (11) have casings provided with drive recesses (12) and consisting of sponge rubber.
  8. The device as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that following the conveying channel (5) there is a table (19) which is preferably arranged at approximately the same level.
  9. The device as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the conveying channel (5) is received on a self-supporting frame (27), which is arranged like a drawer on longitudinal guides (24) forming part of a machine frame and in that on the front side of the machine frame a pivotal covering door (28) is provided which adjacent to the conveying channel (5) has a hatch opening (8).
  10. The device as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least at the inlet and outlet of the conveying channel (5) photoelectric detectors (47) are provided which are preferably oblique in relation to the plane of conveying and the direction of conveying.
EP88106814A 1987-05-12 1988-04-27 Device for automatic return of empty containers Expired - Lifetime EP0291741B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88106814T ATE97348T1 (en) 1987-05-12 1988-04-27 DEVICE FOR THE MECHANICAL COLLECTION OF EMPTY CONTAINERS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3715815A DE3715815C2 (en) 1987-05-12 1987-05-12 Device for the mechanical return of empties
DE3715815 1987-05-12

Publications (3)

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EP0291741A2 EP0291741A2 (en) 1988-11-23
EP0291741A3 EP0291741A3 (en) 1989-11-23
EP0291741B1 true EP0291741B1 (en) 1993-11-18

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EP88106814A Expired - Lifetime EP0291741B1 (en) 1987-05-12 1988-04-27 Device for automatic return of empty containers

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US (1) US4851699A (en)
EP (1) EP0291741B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE97348T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3715815C2 (en)
NO (1) NO166214C (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4214250A1 (en) * 1992-04-30 1993-11-04 Trautwein Sb Technik Gmbh EMPTY BOTTLE RECOVERY DEVICE
DE19512579A1 (en) * 1995-04-04 1996-10-24 Hecht Siegmar Dr Automated system for handling the return of empty containers such as bottles
EP1150257A1 (en) 2000-04-29 2001-10-31 Prokent AG Device for automatically collecting empty containers
DE10347565B4 (en) * 2003-10-14 2006-08-10 Wincor Nixdorf International Gmbh Cleaning system for a reverse vending machine for empty containers, cleaning module and method for operating a reverse vending machine

Citations (2)

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DE2645024A1 (en) * 1975-10-16 1977-04-21 Platmanufaktur Ab Crated bottle handling plant - counts returned bottles and returns paid deposits using package dimensions measuring device and registration unit (NL 19.4.77)
US4253573A (en) * 1979-08-03 1981-03-03 The Mead Corporation Apparatus for handling empty beverage containers

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH548599A (en) * 1972-01-19 1974-04-30 Emhart Zuerich Sa Crack testing station for the sorting line of a plant for the production of glass containers.
US4064534A (en) * 1976-04-20 1977-12-20 Leone International Sales Corporation System for monitoring the production of items which are initially difficult to physically inspect
JPS61100604A (en) * 1984-10-24 1986-05-19 Hajime Sangyo Kk Apparatus for inspecting surface
US4691231A (en) * 1985-10-01 1987-09-01 Vistech Corporation Bottle inspection system

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2645024A1 (en) * 1975-10-16 1977-04-21 Platmanufaktur Ab Crated bottle handling plant - counts returned bottles and returns paid deposits using package dimensions measuring device and registration unit (NL 19.4.77)
US4253573A (en) * 1979-08-03 1981-03-03 The Mead Corporation Apparatus for handling empty beverage containers

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO166214C (en) 1991-06-19
EP0291741A2 (en) 1988-11-23
ATE97348T1 (en) 1993-12-15
EP0291741A3 (en) 1989-11-23
NO882072D0 (en) 1988-05-11
NO882072L (en) 1988-11-14
DE3885648D1 (en) 1993-12-23
NO166214B (en) 1991-03-11
DE3715815A1 (en) 1988-11-24
DE3715815C2 (en) 1996-02-15
US4851699A (en) 1989-07-25

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