EP0277311B1 - Mécanisme de sureté pour un fusil-mitrailleur automatique - Google Patents

Mécanisme de sureté pour un fusil-mitrailleur automatique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0277311B1
EP0277311B1 EP87117858A EP87117858A EP0277311B1 EP 0277311 B1 EP0277311 B1 EP 0277311B1 EP 87117858 A EP87117858 A EP 87117858A EP 87117858 A EP87117858 A EP 87117858A EP 0277311 B1 EP0277311 B1 EP 0277311B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
breechhead
cam
cams
control
breech
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87117858A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0277311A1 (fr
Inventor
Erwin Ing. Htl Bohler
Werner Ing. Htl Bruderer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rheinmetall Air Defence AG
Original Assignee
Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon Buhrle AG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0277311A1 publication Critical patent/EP0277311A1/fr
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Publication of EP0277311B1 publication Critical patent/EP0277311B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41F—APPARATUS FOR LAUNCHING PROJECTILES OR MISSILES FROM BARRELS, e.g. CANNONS; LAUNCHERS FOR ROCKETS OR TORPEDOES; HARPOON GUNS
    • F41F1/00—Launching apparatus for projecting projectiles or missiles from barrels, e.g. cannons; Harpoon guns
    • F41F1/08—Multibarrel guns, e.g. twin guns
    • F41F1/10—Revolving-cannon guns, i.e. multibarrel guns with the barrels and their respective breeches mounted on a rotor; Breech mechanisms therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A17/00—Safety arrangements, e.g. safeties
    • F41A17/18—Hang-fire prevention

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a safety device on a foreign gun, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the coupling between the closure head and the closure carrier has two latches which can be placed under a support bracket.
  • the device for disengaging the breech carrier from the breech head has a two-armed actuating lever which engages with an actuating device mounted in the weapon housing.
  • the object which is to be achieved with the present invention is to create a safety device which is constructed much more simply than this known safety device.
  • the two-part closure consisting of the closure head and the closure carrier should be considerably lighter and contain as few parts as possible.
  • the device for disengaging the breech block from the breech head locked with the weapon barrel should also be of a considerably simpler design and less susceptible to failure, i.e. to be reliable.
  • the device for decoupling the closure carrier from the closure head has a scanning device for determining whether a cartridge has been fed at all.
  • the safety device with which this object is achieved has the features of the characterizing part of claim 1.
  • the breech head which is locked to the weapon barrel by means of a rotary lock, and the breech carrier are preferably connected to one another via a rotary coupling.
  • This solution has the advantage that with a device for locking the breech head in the weapon barrel the breech head can be uncoupled from the breech carrier, or in other words: when the breech head is locked in the weapon barrel, the breech head and the breech carrier are uncoupled.
  • Another advantage over the known device is that the device for decoupling and the scanning device for determining whether a cartridge is present are not arranged on the breech but on the stationary housing.
  • a Gatling cannon has a tube bundle 10 with, for example, six weapon tubes 11, which are fastened with their rear end in a rotor 12.
  • the tube bundle 10 is rotatably supported at the front in a carrier 13.
  • the rotor 12 is also rotatably mounted in a weapon housing 14.
  • a ring gear 15 fastened to the rotor 12 is in engagement with a gear 16.
  • Five gears 17-21 of this gear 16 are visible in FIG.
  • the weapon housing 14 is attached to a Ragelledichtung 22, which consists essentially of two plate spring assemblies 23 and 24.
  • an ammunition supply housing 26 is fastened to the weapon housing 14, to which the cartridges 25 are supplied on an endless conveyor belt 27 in the direction of the arrow A.
  • the empty conveyor belt 27 moves in the direction of arrow B to an ammunition container, not shown.
  • the empty cartridge cases 28 are ejected from the housing 26 in the direction of arrow C.
  • the rotor 12 rotatably mounted in the weapon housing has guide rails 29.
  • a closure 30 is slidably mounted between two guide rails 29.
  • a cam roller 31 is attached to each closure 30 and engages in a closure control curve 32.
  • This breech control curve 32 is located in the weapon housing 14 and causes the bolt 30 to be pushed back and forth once when the rotor 12 is rotated fully in the weapon housing 14 becomes.
  • the breech 30 is advanced, a cartridge 25 is inserted into the barrel 11 and when the breech 30 is pushed back, the empty cartridge case 28 is pulled out of the barrel 11 and ejected.
  • the foremost position of the breech 30 it is locked before the shot is fired.
  • the breech 30 is unlocked again. Since, as mentioned, the rotor 12 is driven by an electric motor, the closure 30 is advanced, locked, unlocked and withdrawn.
  • a device is present which prevents the closure 30 from being unlocked prematurely in the event of an ignition delay. This device is described below.
  • the closure 30 of the first exemplary embodiment has a closure carrier 33 and a closure head 34, which can be separated from one another.
  • this separation of the closure head 34 and the closure carrier 33 takes place only in the case of the ignition delay mentioned above.
  • the closure head 34 has a number of locking cams 35, e.g. six, with which the breech 30 can be locked in the usual manner in the barrel 11.
  • the closure support 33 which is displaceably mounted in the guide rails 29, cannot be rotated.
  • a bayonet lock is provided for locking the closure head 34 on the closure carrier 33.
  • this bayonet lock consists of e.g. four cams 36 at the front end of the closure carrier 33 and correspondingly four inner cams 37 at the rear end of the closure head 34. In the position of the closure head 34 shown in FIG.
  • the inner cams 37 are located exactly in the gaps between the outer cams 36 of the closure carrier 33 in such a way that that the front end of the closure carrier 33 can be pulled out of the closure head 34.
  • the cams 35 With the weapon barrel 11 in a known manner, not shown.
  • the cams 36 of the closure carrier 33 protrude into a cylindrical cavity 38 (FIG. 3) such that the closure head 34 rotates relative to the closure carrier 33 either into its unlocked or locked position can, at the same time the breech head 34 can also be rotated relative to the weapon barrel either into its locked or unlocked position.
  • the locking cams 35 and the inner and outer cams 37 and 36 are coordinated with one another in such a way that the breech head 34 can be locked either with the weapon barrel 11 or with the breech carrier 33.
  • two rollers 39 and 40 are articulated on the locking head 34, which interact with control cams which are described further below (FIGS. 13, 14).
  • the breech holder 33 has four guide cams 41 and 42 with which it is guided in the guide rails 29 of the weapon housing 14 (FIG. 2).
  • This roller 31 is fastened to the closure carrier 33 in an easily replaceable manner with the aid of a bolt 43 and a pin 44.
  • An ignition pin or firing pin 45 (FIG. 3) is located in the interior of the closure carrier 33 and protrudes with its tip through the closure head 34.
  • a strong spring 46 tends to push the ignition pin 45 into its foremost position according to FIG.
  • a driver 47 which is attached to the rear end of the ignition pin 45, projects through an elongated hole 48 of the closure carrier 33.
  • the firing pin 45 can be pushed back with the aid of the driver 47 against the force of the spring 46 and then released to pierce a cartridge 25.
  • At the front end of the breech head 34 there is also a pull-out hook 49 which, in a known manner, serves to pull out the empty cartridge cases 28 from the cartridge chamber of the weapon barrel 11.
  • the closure 50 of the second exemplary embodiment has a closure head 51 and a closure carrier 52 which can be separated from one another according to FIGS. 11 and 12.
  • the closure head 51 and the closure carrier 52 are separated only in the event of an ignition delay.
  • 8 has a number of locking cams 53, for example six - just as in the first exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 6 - with which the breech 50 can be locked in the weapon barrel 11 in a conventional manner by rotating the breech head 51.
  • the breech carrier 52 mounted in the guide rails 29 cannot be rotated and, according to FIGS. 8, 9 and 10, has four guide cams 54 with which it is guided in the guide rails 29 of the weapon housing (FIG. 2).
  • a roller 55 which projects into the control cam 32 (FIG.
  • an ignition pin or firing pin 58 (FIG. 7) is located in the interior of the closure carrier 52, and its tip protrudes through the closure head 51.
  • a strong spring 59 tends to push the ignition pin 59 into its foremost position according to FIG. 7.
  • a driver 60 which is fastened to the rear end of the ignition pin 58, projects through an elongated hole 61 of the closure carrier 52.
  • This ignition pin 58 can also be pushed back against the force of the spring 59 with the aid of a control cam, not shown, and then released to pierce a cartridge 25.
  • a pull-out hook or a pull-out claw 62 is arranged, which is used in a known manner for pulling out the empty cartridge cases 28 from the cartridge chamber of the weapon barrel.
  • closure 50 has the same design in both exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 3-6 on the one hand and in FIGS. 7-12 on the other hand.
  • the coupling between the closure head 51 and the closure carrier 52 is essentially different, as described below.
  • a sleeve 63 is rotatably but not axially displaceably mounted.
  • this sleeve 63 has two cams 64 at its rear end.
  • a lever 65 which is pivotably mounted about the pin 57 mentioned and has a roller 66 at each of its two ends.
  • These rollers 66 cooperate with a control cam, not shown, in order to be able to turn the breech head 51 clockwise or counterclockwise via the sleeve 63, in such a way that the breech head 51 can be locked or unlocked in the weapon barrel 11.
  • the sleeve 63 according to FIGS.
  • This rotation lock is designed as follows:
  • segment-shaped recesses 72 are provided in the outer cams 69, see FIGS. 10 and 12. Each of these recesses 72 serves to receive a roller 73. These rollers 73 are located in rectangular recesses 74 in the housing 75 of the closure head 51, see also FIG. 19. So that these rollers 73 cannot fall out of the recesses 74 of the housing 75, on the one hand an outer switching ring 76 and on the other hand an inner retaining ring 77 is rotatably mounted on the housing 75.
  • the outer switching ring 76 has a spur toothing 78 which engages in a corresponding counter toothing on a ring 79 which is rigidly attached to the housing 75.
  • a plate spring assembly 80 tends to press the shift ring 76 against the attached ring 79 (see Fig. 8).
  • the switching ring 76 has on the one hand on its inside four segment-shaped recesses 81 (FIG. 19) and on the other hand three rows of cams 82, 83 and 84 (see FIGS. 8 and 19), the meaning of which is described further below.
  • the retaining ring 77 also has a spur toothing.
  • a retaining ring 85 which has a corresponding counter-toothing, is pressed against the retaining ring 77 by a plate spring assembly 86 in order to prevent the retaining ring 77 from being inadvertently rotated.
  • This retaining ring 77 has an inner square 87 (FIG. 11), which can come into engagement with the mentioned serving edge 67.
  • Both the spur toothing 78 on the switching ring 76 and the spur toothing on the retaining ring 77 are designed in such a way that the two rings 76 and 77 can be rotated against the force of the plate springs 80 and 86, but are secured by these springs 80 and 86 against unintentional rotation are. 7, the rollers 73 protrude into the recesses 72 (FIG.
  • the rollers 73 also protrude into corresponding recesses 88 on the outside The circumference of the retaining ring 77.
  • the rollers 73 protrude into the cutout 81 of the switching ring 76 and do not protrude into the cutouts 72 of the outer cams 69.
  • the holding ring 77 has the task of preventing the rollers 73 from falling out when the closure head 51 is separated from the closure carrier 52 (FIGS. 11 and 12).
  • the device shown in FIGS. 13 and 14 serves to lock and unlock the breech head 34 in the weapon barrel 11 according to the first embodiment of the breech 33, 34 shown in FIGS. 3-6.
  • the breech head 34 has a rear roller 40 which interacts with a first control cam 89 in order to lock the breech head in the weapon barrel 11.
  • the breech head 34 has a front roller 39 which interacts with a second movable control cam 90 in order to unlock the breech head 34 in the weapon barrel 11. Since the locking head 34 has to be locked in the weapon barrel 11 each time, the first control cam 89 can be arranged in a fixed position.
  • the second control cam 90 since unlocking may only take place if no ignition delay has occurred, the second control cam 90 must be arranged to be movable. Therefore, the second cam 90 is arranged on a slidable plate 91. This plate 91 can be moved from its active position according to FIG. 13 into its inactive position according to FIG. 14. For this displacement, the plate 91 has two cams 92 and 93, which are each guided in a separate guide groove 94 and 95. These guide grooves 94, 95 consist of two arcuate sections 97, which are arranged concentrically to the movement path 96 of the closure 33, 34, and a straight section 98, which connects the two arcuate sections 97 to one another.
  • a pivotable lever 99 is articulated, which is in the effective position tion of the plate 91 is supported on a fixed nose 100 and prevents displacement of the plate 91.
  • a spring 101 tends to push the plate 91 out of its active position according to FIG. 13 into its inactive position according to FIG. 14.
  • Another spring 102 tends to pivot lever 99 clockwise via a plunger 103.
  • an angle lever 104 which is pivotably mounted about an axis 105. In the event of a delay in ignition, this angle lever 104 can be pivoted from the position according to FIG. 13 into the position according to FIG.
  • the angle lever 104 shown in Figs. 13 and 14 should only be actuated if a cartridge does not ignite in time, i.e. in so-called late bloomers or "hang fire". If ignition is timely, actuation of a gas piston prevents the angle lever 104 from being actuated. If, however, no cartridge has been supplied, the gas piston cannot be actuated and nevertheless the lever 104 should not be actuated either, since there is no delayed ignition. Before a shot is triggered, it must therefore be ascertained each time whether a cartridge has been supplied at all or not, because the angle lever 104 should only be operated if a cartridge has been supplied and if the gas piston has not been actuated in time.
  • the device for determining whether a cartridge has been fed or not is shown in Figs. 15-18.
  • This device has two star wheels 110 and 111, of which one star wheel is referred to as the transfer wheel 110 and the other star wheel as the scanning wheel 111.
  • the transfer wheel 110 is rigidly attached to a shaft 112, while the scanning wheel 111 is rotatable on the Shaft 112 is mounted and can be rotated by an angle of, for example, less than 30 °.
  • a return spring 113 which acts on the one hand on the transfer wheel 110 and on the other hand on the scanning wheel 111, strives to turn the two star wheels 110 and 111 into the position according to FIG. 16 such that the teeth of the other star wheel are in the gaps of one star wheel protrude and vice versa.
  • a toothed belt pulley 114 is rigidly connected to the scanning wheel 111 and drives a second belt pulley 116 via a toothed belt 115.
  • This second pulley 116 is fastened together with a third pulley 117 and a cam wheel 118 on a shaft 119.
  • the third pulley 117 drives a fourth pulley 122 via a second toothed belt 120 and a deflection roller 121.
  • a second cam wheel 123 is rigidly connected to this pulley 122.
  • the scanning wheel 111 is rotated relative to the transfer wheel 110 in such a way that the gaps of the two star wheels 110 and 111 coincide.
  • a comparison of FIGS. 15 and 16 shows that the transfer wheel 110 is in the same position in both FIGS.
  • the scanning wheel 111 is in a different position when the cartridge 124 is present (FIG. 15) than when the cartridge is missing according to Fig. 16.
  • the two cam wheels 118 and 123 in FIG. 15 are in a different position than in FIG. 16, although - as said - the transfer wheel 110 in FIG. 15 and in FIG. 16 is in the same position. It is thus clear from the above statements that if a cartridge 124 is present, the scanning wheel 111 assumes a different position and thus, via the pulleys 114, 116, 117 and 122 and the two toothed belts 115 and 120, the two cam wheels 118 and 123 also assume a different position than if a cartridge were present 124 is missing.
  • both the transfer wheel 110 and the scanning wheel 111 rotate continuously, and thus the two cam wheels 118 and 123 are also rotated continuously, but that with a specific position of the transfer wheel 110 (which - how said - in Fig. 15 and Fig. 16 is the same), the cam wheels 118 and 123 assume a different position if a cartridge 124 is present (Fig. 15) than if there is no cartridge 124 (Fig. 16).
  • the parts described so far, in particular the two star wheels 110 and 111 and the two cam wheels 118 and 123, are arranged in the fixed weapon housing 14 or in the ammunition feed housing 26 (FIG. 1), in which the rotor 12 is rotatably mounted.
  • the six gun barrels 11 are located in this rotor 12, of which only three gun barrels 11 are indicated in FIGS. 15 and 16. Each of these gun barrels 11 is assigned three pivotable cams 125, 126 and 127, only two sets of three cams 125, 126 and 127 being shown in FIGS. 15 and 16.
  • these cams 125, 126 and 127 move relative to the cam wheels 118 and 123.
  • the cam wheel 123 is now able to actuate the cam 126 when the cartridge 124 is present
  • the cam wheel 123 is not able to actuate the cam 126.
  • FIG. 15 the cam wheel 123 is now able to actuate the cam 126 when the cartridge 124 is present
  • FIG. 16 if the cartridge 124 is missing, the cam wheel 123 is not able to actuate the cam 126.
  • FIG. 15 the cam wheel 123 is now able to actuate the cam 126 when the cartridge 124 is present , and according to FIG. 16, if the cartridge 124 is
  • the two cams 126 and 127 are fastened to a gas piston 128 which on the one hand is slidably arranged in a gas cylinder 129 and which on the other hand can be rotated about its axis, the cams 126 and 127 being pivoted out of their effective into their inactive position will.
  • a second piston 131 is pivoted in the opposite direction of rotation via a toothed rack 130.
  • the piston 131 is pressed against a grid plate 133 by a spring 132.
  • the piston 131 has openings 134 into which a cam 135 of the face plate 133 engages in order to prevent the piston 131 from rotating unintentionally.
  • the cam 125 can only be actuated by the cam wheel 118, that the cam 126 can be actuated exclusively by the cam wheel 123, and that the cam 127 finally serves only to actuate the angle lever 104 shown in FIGS. 13 and 14 , provided that the cam 127 is not pushed axially out of the area of the bell crank 104 by the gas pressure on the piston 128.
  • each of the closures 50 mounted on the rotor 12 also moves on a circular path 136, on which only the switching ring 76 of the closure 50 is shown in FIG. 19.
  • a transfer wheel Next to the rotor 12 is a transfer wheel, which is only indicated by a circle 137 in FIG. 19. Cartridges 124 are fed with this transfer wheel 137, of which only three cartridges 124 are indicated in FIG. 19.
  • a scanning lever 138 is actuated. This scanning lever 138 is connected to two control cams 139 and 140 via a linkage, not shown.
  • control cam 139 is in its operative position and the control cam 140 is in its inactive position.
  • These two control cams 139 and 140 are connected to one another in such a way that only one of the two control cams can reach its operative position while the other is in its inactive position.
  • the control cam 139 reaches its operative position according to FIG. 19.
  • the control cam 139 is located in the area of the two cams 84 of the switching ring 76 and the control cam 140 is located in the area of the two cams 83 of the switching ring 76.
  • the control cam 139 has a first control edge 139a for actuating the cam 84a and a second control edge 139b for actuation of the cam 84b.
  • Control cam 140 likewise has first and second control edges for actuating first and second cams 83a and 83b (see also FIG. 8).
  • a third pivotable control cam 141 is shown in its active position in FIG. 19 and can be pivoted out of this active position in a manner not shown by the gas pressure when a shot is fired.
  • the pivotable control cam 141 is located in the area of the cam 82 of the switching ring 76.
  • control cam 141 is able to turn the switching ring 76 via the cam 82 to such an extent that the closure head 51 and the closure carrier 52 can be separated from one another (see FIGS. 7, 11 and 12) and the breech head 31 remains locked in the weapon barrel 11 while the breech carrier 52 moves back.
  • the mode of operation of the first exemplary embodiment of the described device is as follows: According to FIGS. 1 and 2, the cartridges 25 are fed in the direction of arrow A to the housing 26 of the ammunition feed device and are conveyed into the weapon housing 14 by the star wheel 110 (FIG. 15). In the weapon housing 14, a cartridge 25 is gripped by a lock 30 and pushed into the corresponding weapon barrel 11. The rotor 12 rotates according to FIGS. 15, 16 and 19 in the direction of the arrow A. At the point E (FIG. 2), the closure 30 is in its foremost position with the aid of the closure control curve 32 (FIG. 2) and the cam roller 31 Position reached, in which the cartridge 25 is pierced by the ignition pin 45 (Fig.3).
  • the cam 127 is also pivoted into its inactive position via the toothed rack 130 and the cam 126 moves into its effective position, as can be seen from FIG. 16.
  • both the cam wheels 118 and 123 remain in the position shown in FIG. 16 and the cams 125, 126 and 127.
  • the cam belts 118 and 123 are also pivoted via the toothed belts 115 and 120 and reach the position shown in FIG. 15, ie the cam wheel 123 is now in its active position and the cam wheel 118 in its inactive position.
  • the cam 126 abuts against the cam wheel 123 and is pivoted, the cam 127 is rotated into its active position and the cam 125 also reaches the cam via its rack 130 effective position.
  • this is of no importance since the cam wheel 118 is in its inactive position and cannot actuate the cam 125.
  • the cartridges 25 are fed in the direction of arrow A to the housing 26 of the ammunition feed device and are conveyed according to FIG. 19 on the circle 137 into the weapon housing 14.
  • a cartridge 25 is gripped by a breech 50 (FIGS. 11 and 12) and pushed into the corresponding weapon barrel 11.
  • the rotor 12 rotates counterclockwise according to FIG. 19.
  • the closure at point E has reached its foremost position with the aid of the closure control curve 32 (FIG. 2) and the cam roller 31, in which the cartridge 25 is pierced by the ignition pin 38 (FIG. 7). If the propellant charge is ignited, the propellant gas swings the pivotable control cam 141 (FIG.
  • the cam 83a first abuts the front control edge of the control cam 140 and then the cam 83b abuts the rear control edge of the control cam 140.
  • the switching ring 76 is rotated by 90 ° and the cam 82 - which can be referred to as a late ignition control cam - comes from the area of the lever 141.
  • the scanning lever 138 is actuated and as shown in FIG. 19 control cam 139 reaches its foremost position and control cam 140 is withdrawn.
  • the switching ring 76 When the rotor 12 rotates counterclockwise with the closures 50, the switching ring 76 firstly bumps the front cam edge 139a with the first cam 84a and then the switching ring 76 bumps the rear cam edge 139b of the control cam 139 with the second cam 84b Switch ring 76 rotated by exactly 90 ° and the cam 82, ie the late ignition control cam, comes into its effective position.
  • the late bloomer control cam 82 is only in its operative position if a cartridge 124 is present. If this cartridge does not fire in time, the lever 141 is able to turn the switching ring 76 by only 45 ° and to separate the closure head 51 from the closure carrier 52.

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Claims (10)

1. Mécanisme de sûreté sur un fusil mitrailleur automatique avec un canon d'arme (11), avec une culasse (30, 50) se déplaçant impérativement vers l'avant et vers l'arrière et qui comporte un support de culasse (33, 52) et une tête de culasse (34, 51) accouplés ensemble, tandis que la tête de culasse (34,51), dans la position la plus avancée de la culasse (30, 50), est verrouillée avec le canon (11) de l'arme par l'intermédiaire d'un premier dispositif rotatif d'accouplement (35), cependant qu'il est prévu un dispositif réagissant à un retard à l'amorçage d'une cartouche (124) pour permettre de désaccoupler le support de culasse (33, 52) de la tête de culasse (34, 51), mécanisme de sûreté caractérisé en ce que:
- la tête de culasse (34, 51) et le support de culasse (33, 52) sont reliés ensemble par l'intermédiaire d'un deuxième dispositif rotatif d'accouplement (36, 37, 69, 70),
- lors de la rotation de la tête de culasse (34, 51), dans la position la plus avancée de la culasse (30, 50), le premier dispositif rotatif d'accouplement (35) est déverrouillé, tandis que le deuxième dispositif rotatif d'accouplement (36, 37, 69, 70) est accouplé, et inversement,
- le dispositif précité réagissant lors d'un retard à l'amorçage empêche une rotation de la tête de culasse (34, 51) et donc un déverrouillage du premier dispositif rotatif d'accouplement (35) ainsi qu'un accouplement du second dispositif rotatif d'accouplement (36, 37, 69, 70), afin que la tête de culasse (34, 51) reste verrouillée dans le canon (11) de l'arme et que le support de culasse (33, 52) reste désaccouplé de la tête de culasse (34, 51).
2. Mécanisme de sûreté selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, aussi bien sur la tête de culasse (34) qu'également sur le support de culasse (33), des cames (36, 37) sont rapportées, ces cames servant à accoupler la tête de culasse (34) avec le support de culasse (33) et venant en prise les unes dans les autres à la façon d'un assemblage par baïonnette.
3. Mécanisme de sûreté selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le support de culasse (33) comporte à son extrémité antérieure, un certain nombre de cames externes (36) uniformément réparties sur la périphérie, et que la tête de culasse (34) comporte, à son extrémité arrière, un même nombre de cames internes (37) uniformément réparties sur la périphérie, ces cames servant à accoupler la tête de culasse (34) avec le support de culasse (33) et venant en prise les unes dans les autres à la manière d'un assemblage par baïonnette.
4. Mécanisme de sûreté selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'une douille (63) est montée sur le support de culasse (52) de façon à pouvoir tourner, mais sans pouvoir se déplacer axialement, cette douille étant susceptible d'être accouplée avec la tête de culasse (51), et à l'aide de cette douille (63) la tête de culasse (51) est susceptible d'être verrouillée et déverrouillée sur le canon (11) de l'arme.
5. Dispositif de sûreté selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que pour l'accouplement de la douille (63) avec la tête de culasse (51), un certain nombre de structures de blocage (73) pénètrent partiellement dans des évidements (72) sur la douille (63) et partiellement dans des évidements (74) sur le carter (75) de la tête de culasse (51), et sont maintenues dans ces évidements (72) de la douille (63) par un anneau de jarretière (76), cet anneau de jarretière (76) comportant également des évidements dans lesquels les structures de blocage (73) pénètrent lors du désaccouplement de la tête de culasse (51) et de la douille (63).
6. Mécanisme de sûreté selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la tête de culasse (34) comporte deux galets de commande (39, 40) pour permettre le verrouillage et le déverrouillage de la tête de culasse (34) sur le canon (11) de l'arme, et que dans le carter (14) de l'arme il est prévu deux cames de commande (89, 90) qui coopèrent avec les galets de commande (39, 40) précités, l'une (89) des cames de commande étant disposée à poste fixe, et servant à verrouiller la tête de culasse (34), tandis que l'autre came de commande (90) est susceptible de coulisser et sert à déverrouiller la tête de culasse (34), et cette came de commande (90) étant susceptible d'être amenée d'une position efficace dans une position inefficace pour empêcher un déverrouillage de la tête de culasse (34).
7. Mécanisme de sûreté selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la seconde courbe de commande (90) se trouve sur une plaque (91) susceptible de se déplacer, qui peut se déplacer dans des rainures de commande (97, 98) tangentiellement et radialement par rapport à la culasse (33, 34), et qui est maintenue dans une position efficace contre l'action d'un ressort (101) par un levier (99) et un bec (100) sur le carter (14).
8. Mécanisme sûreté selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que l'anneau de jarretière (76) comporte, sur sa périphérie, trois rangées de cames (82; 83a; 83b; 84a; 84b) dont une rangée (84a, 84b) sert à faire tourner l'anneau de jarretière (76) dans une position efficace, tandis que la deuxième rangée de cames (83a, 83b) sert à faire tourner l'anneau de jarretière (76) dans sa position inefficace, et que la troisième rangée sert à désaccoupler le support de culasse (51) de la tête de culasse (52), dans la mesure où l'anneau de jarretière se trouve dans sa position efficace et/ou un amorçage tardif se produit.
9. Mécanisme de sûreté selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif pour désaccoupler le support de culasse (33) de la tête de culasse (34) verrouillée avec le canon (11) de l'arme, comporte un dispositif d'exploration pour constater si une cartouche a été alimentée, et ce dispositif d'exploration comporte une roue d'exploration (111) disposée coaxialement par rapport à une roue de transfert de cartouches (110), les dents de cette roue d'exploration pénétrant dans les intervalles de la roue de transfert (110) en l'absence de cartouches.
10. Mécanisme de sûreté selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que la roue d'exploration (111) est reliée par l'intermédiaire d'une transmission avec des roues à cames (118 et 123) tournant en synchronisme qui servent à l'enclenchement et au déclenchement de cames de commande (125, 126 et 127), une première roue à came (123) faisant pivoter les cames de commande (125, 126 et 127) dans une position efficace, tandis qu'une seconde roue à came (118) fait pivoter ces cames de commande (125, 126 et 127) dans leur position inefficace.
EP87117858A 1987-01-16 1987-12-03 Mécanisme de sureté pour un fusil-mitrailleur automatique Expired - Lifetime EP0277311B1 (fr)

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CH146/87 1987-01-16
CH14687 1987-01-16

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EP0277311B1 true EP0277311B1 (fr) 1990-04-18

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FR2728065A1 (fr) * 1994-12-12 1996-06-14 Giat Ind Sa Systeme d'arret de tir et de securite long feu pour une arme a feu automatique multitubes de petit ou moyen calibre
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US20060207418A1 (en) * 2005-03-18 2006-09-21 Burke Jimmy W Jr Hand held multibarrel automatic weapon
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US10816294B2 (en) * 2019-02-19 2020-10-27 DeWalch FM, LLC Firearm safing assemblies and firearms including the same
DE102019120184B4 (de) * 2019-07-25 2021-10-21 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Verschluss und Waffensystem mit dem Verschluss
DE102019120180A1 (de) * 2019-07-25 2021-01-28 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Verschlusssystem einer Waffe sowie Waffe
DE102019131439A1 (de) * 2019-11-21 2021-05-27 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Verschluss eines Waffensystems und Waffensystem mit dem Verschluss

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US4841835A (en) 1989-06-27
DE3762374D1 (de) 1990-05-23
EP0277311A1 (fr) 1988-08-10

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