EP0223808B1 - Cagoule de protection contre les fumees et l'hypoxie - Google Patents

Cagoule de protection contre les fumees et l'hypoxie Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0223808B1
EP0223808B1 EP86903410A EP86903410A EP0223808B1 EP 0223808 B1 EP0223808 B1 EP 0223808B1 EP 86903410 A EP86903410 A EP 86903410A EP 86903410 A EP86903410 A EP 86903410A EP 0223808 B1 EP0223808 B1 EP 0223808B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hood
tube
wearer
oxygen
compartment
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP86903410A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0223808A1 (fr
Inventor
Pierre Pelloux-Gervais
Richard Zapata
Michel Bres
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Publication of EP0223808A1 publication Critical patent/EP0223808A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0223808B1 publication Critical patent/EP0223808B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B17/00—Protective clothing affording protection against heat or harmful chemical agents or for use at high altitudes
    • A62B17/04—Hoods

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a hood for protection against smoke and hypoxia which can be used more particularly for the protection of personnel flying in aircraft, of the type comprising a waterproof envelope, forming a helmet covering the wearer's head, in its lower part, sealing means connecting the hood to the wearer's neck, and, at its base and inside the waterproof envelope, a closed tube surrounding the wearer's neck and containing a reserve of pressurized oxygen as well as means to automatically cause, when donning the hood, the communication of the interior of this tube with the interior of the sealed envelope so as to ensure an automatic supply of the wearer of the hood with oxygen.
  • DE-A-26 51 917 describes a hood of this type.
  • a hood which is donned by individuals when necessary and which is provided sealing means at the neck
  • Such a hood comprises means allowing the injection, inside, of oxygen covering the consumption of the individual wearing the hood and, on the other hand, can comprise means making it possible to limit the carbon dioxide content to the inside of the hood (exhaust air exhaust valve in the aforementioned US-A).
  • the absorption of carbon dioxide can be done by means of an absorbent of the soda lime, lithine, molecular sieve type, etc.
  • the efficiency of the absorption depends on the one hand on the absorbent product and on the other hand of the good circulation, through the bed of absorbent material, of the gases contained in the respiratory enclosure inside the hood.
  • Protective hoods currently known, using the absorption of CO 2 are of two types, namely either of the static type, or of the mechanical type.
  • the absorption of carbon dioxide is done only by the convection movements of the gases inside the hood and to be able to obtain a good efficiency of this absorption, the surface and the mass of absorbent material quickly become unacceptable for an application In the aeronautical field.
  • the gases are circulated through an absorbent bed either by means of a mechanical fan powered by a battery, or by means of an injector using for example the expansion energy of the oxygen source.
  • the present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks by providing a protective hood of particularly simple, compact, light design, guaranteeing a long service life, capable of providing the oxygen necessary for human consumption for a fairly long period of time and allowing to obtain a very high efficiency for the capture of carbon dioxide.
  • the protective hood according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises a second flexible external envelope, impermeable to gases, which is fixed along its edges in a manner watertight, to the first envelope by delimiting between the two envelopes an external compartment, and in that the wall of the first internal waterproof envelope is interrupted in at least one place to delimit in this wall an opening through which a mattress is disposed of porous material in which is immobilized a product absorbing carbon dioxide and / or water, the opening being arranged with respect to said external compartment so as to allow the gases to pass during the breathing of the wearer of the hood, alternately in a direction and in the other, between the interior of the hood and the compartment by crossing the absorbent material contained in the porous mattress.
  • the tube containing the oxygen under pressure advantageously comprises two separate compartments preferably in series, making it possible to obtain an oxygen supply with two different flow rates, namely a high initial flow rate to obtain inflation. fast hood then a lower flow corresponding to the normal consumption of oxygen by the wearer.
  • the protective hood which is represented in FIGS. 1 and 2 comprises an envelope 1 made of waterproof material, preferably elastic, forming a kind of helmet covering the wearer's head and which comprises, in its front part, a transparent part 2 forming a visor ensuring vision outside, if the envelope 2 is not itself made of transparent material.
  • This sealed envelope 1 is secured, at its lower part, to a tube 3, in the form of a split ring surrounding the wearer's neck and constituting a reserve of oxygen.
  • This tube 3 is integral, at its lower part, with a flexible and elastic sheet 4, for example made of rubber, which extends horizontally.
  • This sheet 4, which is tangent to the tube 3, is pierced, in its central part, with a hole 5 to allow the passage of the head of the wearer of the hood through this hole.
  • the tube 3 may have, in plan view, any suitable curved shape allowing it to surround the carrying neck. It may in particular be circular or have a substantially oval shape as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the tube 3 is closed, at its two ends, by front and transverse walls 6 and 7 which are arranged in the rear part of the hood, at a certain distance, facing one another.
  • the tube 3 is advantageously subdivided, by a transverse wall 8 pierced with a calibrated hole or a capillary 9, into two compartments 3a and 3b. These two compartments are filled with oxygen under pressure, for example 150 da N / cm 2 .
  • the compartment 3a which is delimited between the transverse partition 8 and the front face 6, can communicate with the outside through a calibrated or capillary hole 10 which is drilled in the front wall 6 and which communicates with a hollow end piece 11 forming a plug. closure, fixed by welding or by any other appropriate means on the front face 6.
  • This end piece 11 is arranged so as to be able to be broken very easily by a percussion device 12 actuated automatically during the introduction of the head inside the hood.
  • This percussion device may be constituted, for example, by a lever pivotally mounted on the tube 3 around an axis 13, one branch of which extends towards the inside of the hood, so as to be able to be repelled by the head of the person donning the hood, and a smaller branch acting on the tip 11 to cause the rupture thereof.
  • the calibrated or capillary hole 10 has a diameter large enough to ensure a relatively high flow rate, namely around 0.06 l / min bar, which makes it possible to quickly inflate the hood when it is put in place.
  • This flow rate which is greater than 0.03 I / min bar, is however sufficiently low (less than 0.2 I / min bar) so as not to empty the capacity constituted by the tube 3 too quickly so as not to cause too much loss of gas if the hood is not properly threaded (jamming or leakage when passing obstacles such as glasses, bun etc ).
  • the capillary or calibrated hole 9 provided in the transverse wall 8 takes over and the capacity constituted by the compartment 3b is emptied slowly to ensure the flow necessary for the consumption of oxygen, ie at least 1.5 I / min.
  • the front wall 7 which is opposite to the front wall 6 carrying the end piece 11 has a hollow central part 14 in the bottom of which protrudes a capillary tube 15 opening out inside the compartment 3b.
  • This capillary tube extends outside to form a helix 16, the end of which is closed.
  • This propeller 16 which is axially deformable as a function of the pressure prevailing inside the tube 3, can therefore constitute a pressure gauge indicating the residual pressure inside the tube.
  • the sealed envelope 1 comprises a posterior part that is more flexible than the rest of the envelope, in order to constitute a sort of inflatable "lung".
  • the envelope 1 also contains inside a device ensuring the capture of carbon dioxide.
  • This device may be constituted, for example, by soda lime grains which permanently rid the gases of exhaled impurities and in particular carbon dioxide, by absorption of the latter.
  • the wearer of the protective hood according to the invention can thus breathe in a closed circuit with a low supply of oxygen.
  • the hood preferably has the shape of a balaclava as shown in the drawing.
  • the protective hood comprises a second flexible external envelope 18, made of gas-impermeable material, which is fixed along its edges 19, 20 in a manner watertight, to the first envelope 1.
  • This fixing can be carried out for example by welding.
  • the sealed weld on the edge 19 extends along the visor 2 and is connected to the lower sealed weld 20 which extends horizontally, in the upper horizontal plane tangent to the tube 3.
  • the wall of the internal sealed envelope 1 is interrupted in at least one place, for example in the lower part of the rear wall 1a, to delimit in this wall an opening 21 across which a mattress is placed.
  • 22 made of porous material such as metal grid or fiberglass mesh. In this porous material is immobilized a product absorbing carbon dioxide and possibly water.
  • the internal envelope 1 and the external envelope 18 which has a larger surface than the part of the internal envelope 1 which it covers, thus delimit between them two compartments, namely an internal compartment 23 in which is housed the head of the carrier and an external compartment 24 of variable volume and in a way forming a "lung".
  • the gases pass continuously, during the breathing of the hood wearer, alternately in one direction and in the other, between the two compartments 23 and 24, crossing the bed of absorbent material contained in the porous mattress 22.
  • the gases During expiration the gases pass from the internal compartment 23 to the external compartment 24, and during inspiration the circulation of the gases takes place in the opposite direction.
  • the gases permanently get rid of the exhaled impurities and in particular carbon dioxide.
  • the wearer of the protective hood according to the invention can thus breathe a closed circuit with a low supply of oxygen.
  • FIG. 6 represents a view, partially in section, of an exemplary embodiment of a hood according to the invention.
  • Envelopes 1 and 18 are made of polyester coated on both sides with flame retardant PVC.
  • the total volume of the hood is 17 liters, including 7 liters for the volume 23 of the head and 10 liters for the volume 24 of the "lung".
  • the reference 121 indicates a cartridge of soda lime 22 held in a housing closed by a fine mesh and coated with a protective plate 122 provided with a system of lateral openings to allow the passage of air from the head volume 23 in the lung 24, through the soda lime 22 which rids the air of its excess of water and carbon dioxide.
  • the volumes 23 and 24 are sealed relative to each other and the air circulation is necessarily effected by the soda lime cartridges (two in number in this example).
  • the lever 12, which has the shape of a pallet, is placed above the opening 5.
  • the oxygen capacity opening system 3 which here has only one volume, is shown in FIG. 7.
  • the hollow end piece 11 is integral with a cylindrical cap 108 whose internal side wall 100 carries, at its base, pins 107 cooperating with the annular groove 106 carried by the front wall 6.
  • the lever 12 is integral with said wall 100.
  • the hollow end piece 11 has a circular groove 103.
  • the oxygen present in the tank 3 comprising only one compartment is therefore released by means of the nozzle 10, of the housing 101 and then of the pipe 102.
  • the nozzle 10 has a diameter of 6/100 mm releasing 40 liters of oxygen stored at 150 bars in the tank 3.
  • the autonomy of such a hood is approximately 15 minutes.
  • FIG. 8 shows a side view of the device of Figure 7.
  • This part 109 has a semi-circular surface whose diameter passes through the YY axis. It has under this axis (in the figure) a semi-circular notch 110 of diameter identical to that of the part 11 in which it comes to bear when the lever 12 is in the rest position.
  • the rotation of the pallet (to the right in the figure) around point 0 (YY axis) causes the end of the part 11 located before the groove 103 to be torn off, of length identical to the thickness of the part 109 , and the release of oxygen through line 102.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
EP86903410A 1985-05-31 1986-05-28 Cagoule de protection contre les fumees et l'hypoxie Expired - Lifetime EP0223808B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8508208A FR2582524B1 (fr) 1985-05-31 1985-05-31 Cagoule de protection contre les fumees et l'hypoxie
FR8508208 1985-05-31

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0223808A1 EP0223808A1 (fr) 1987-06-03
EP0223808B1 true EP0223808B1 (fr) 1990-08-01

Family

ID=9319734

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86903410A Expired - Lifetime EP0223808B1 (fr) 1985-05-31 1986-05-28 Cagoule de protection contre les fumees et l'hypoxie

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4889113A (es)
EP (1) EP0223808B1 (es)
JP (1) JPH0720496B2 (es)
CA (1) CA1296236C (es)
DE (1) DE3673132D1 (es)
ES (1) ES8704743A1 (es)
FR (1) FR2582524B1 (es)
WO (1) WO1986006971A1 (es)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20220008755A1 (en) * 2020-07-10 2022-01-13 Essex Industries, Inc. Micro flow regulator and breathing hood system using same

Families Citing this family (30)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2621249B1 (fr) * 1987-10-02 1990-05-04 Air Liquide Cagoule de protection respiratoire et equipement de securite pour aeronef
US5003973A (en) * 1988-01-15 1991-04-02 Ford Theodore H Rescue helmet apparatus
US5113854A (en) * 1990-01-25 1992-05-19 Figgie International, Inc. Quick-donning protective hood assembly
US5133344A (en) * 1991-06-03 1992-07-28 Environmental Safety First Industries, Inc. Inflatable protective hood
US5186165A (en) * 1991-06-05 1993-02-16 Brookdale International Systems Inc. Filtering canister with deployable hood and mouthpiece
US5394867A (en) * 1991-06-05 1995-03-07 Brookdale International Systems Inc. Personal disposable emergency breathing system with dual air supply
NO178529C (no) * 1991-08-27 1996-04-17 Ottestad Nils T Selvforsynt nödpusteinnretning
DE4237294C1 (de) * 1992-11-05 1993-11-25 Draegerwerk Ag Atemschutzmaske mit Überdruck im Maskeninnenraum
FI93604C (fi) * 1993-02-05 1995-05-10 Instrumentarium Oy Kaasunkeräysyksikkö
FI101767B1 (fi) * 1994-06-03 1998-08-31 Tarpaulin Ky Paarit
AUPM938594A0 (en) * 1994-11-11 1994-12-08 Gorman, Warrick Ian Smokehood 173
US6247471B1 (en) * 1999-07-08 2001-06-19 Essex Pb&R Corporation Smoke hood with oxygen supply device and method of use
US6701920B1 (en) * 2000-06-02 2004-03-09 Gerald L. Cox Head enclosing gas hood
US20030136411A1 (en) * 2001-07-03 2003-07-24 Ming-Mei Hsieh Portable life mask
US6892725B2 (en) * 2002-04-26 2005-05-17 Mine Safety Appliances Company Protective hoods and neck seals for use therein
GB0307198D0 (en) * 2003-03-28 2003-04-30 3M Innovative Properties Co Rigid air ducting for respirator hoods and helmets
US20060289004A1 (en) * 2004-06-21 2006-12-28 Humanscale Corporation Air purifying escape hood
US7225806B2 (en) * 2004-10-29 2007-06-05 Jamcet Innovations, Llc Portable oxygen regenerating escape hood
US20110030114A1 (en) * 2009-08-04 2011-02-10 Chicago Protective Apparel, Inc. Arc flash protection system
MX2012003792A (es) * 2009-09-30 2012-08-15 Essex Ind Inc Aparato para respiracion de emergencia.
KR101152722B1 (ko) * 2010-04-26 2012-07-03 백종태 비상시 공기를 공급하는 헬멧형의 개인용 재난구제기 및 접이식의 개인용 재난구제기
DE102012213288A1 (de) * 2012-07-27 2014-05-15 Uvex Sports Gmbh & Co. Kg Lawinen-Schutzhelm
FR3006900B1 (fr) * 2013-06-12 2015-05-29 Air Liquide Equipement de protection respiratoire
FR3006899B1 (fr) * 2013-06-12 2015-05-29 Air Liquide Cagoule de protection respiratoire
FR3024370B1 (fr) * 2014-08-01 2016-07-22 Air Liquide Cagoule de protection respiratoire
FR3042421B1 (fr) * 2015-10-15 2018-10-26 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Cagoule de protection respiratoire
US11364396B2 (en) * 2020-11-09 2022-06-21 Golden Galaxy Corporation PPE with rotating assembly providing multiple face covers
US11259578B2 (en) * 2020-11-09 2022-03-01 Golden Galaxy Corporation PPE with rotating assembly providing multiple face covers
US11612770B1 (en) * 2020-11-09 2023-03-28 Golden Galaxy Corporation PPE with rotating assembly providing multiple face covers
US11065480B2 (en) * 2020-11-09 2021-07-20 Golden Galaxy Corporation PPE with rotating assembly providing multiple face covers

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US2850011A (en) * 1956-09-25 1958-09-02 Schaefer Peter Respiratory helmet
US3250292A (en) * 1964-03-18 1966-05-10 Ametek Inc Gauge
US3270708A (en) * 1965-08-23 1966-09-06 Joseph A Freed Steering wheel turn indicator
US3491752A (en) * 1966-07-05 1970-01-27 Abbott Lab Breathing apparatus
US3762407A (en) * 1972-04-24 1973-10-02 Lear Siegler Inc Survival support device
US3976063A (en) * 1974-09-16 1976-08-24 The Bendix Corporation Escape breathing apparatus
DE2651917C3 (de) * 1976-11-13 1979-10-25 Draegerwerk Ag, 2400 Luebeck Atemschutzhaube insbesondere für Fluchtzwecke
US4116237A (en) * 1977-02-07 1978-09-26 Norman Birch Emergency breathing apparatus
US4233970A (en) * 1978-11-16 1980-11-18 Robertshaw Controls Company Emergency escape breathing apparatus
US4523588A (en) * 1982-04-27 1985-06-18 Life Products, Inc. Protective pillow assembly
US4552140A (en) * 1983-04-29 1985-11-12 Erie Manufacturing Co. Emergency escape device
DE3667028D1 (en) * 1985-03-12 1989-12-28 Du Pont Decompression and toxic fume protection apparatus
US4754751A (en) * 1987-06-11 1988-07-05 Mine Safety Appliances Company Escape respirator

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20220008755A1 (en) * 2020-07-10 2022-01-13 Essex Industries, Inc. Micro flow regulator and breathing hood system using same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES8704743A1 (es) 1987-04-16
JPS62503014A (ja) 1987-12-03
CA1296236C (fr) 1992-02-25
ES555517A0 (es) 1987-04-16
JPH0720496B2 (ja) 1995-03-08
WO1986006971A1 (fr) 1986-12-04
FR2582524B1 (fr) 1989-01-13
US4889113A (en) 1989-12-26
EP0223808A1 (fr) 1987-06-03
DE3673132D1 (de) 1990-09-06
FR2582524A1 (fr) 1986-12-05

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