EP0198951B9 - Orthopaedic support, especially an orthopaedic shoe insertion, and process for its production - Google Patents

Orthopaedic support, especially an orthopaedic shoe insertion, and process for its production Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0198951B9
EP0198951B9 EP85112695A EP85112695A EP0198951B9 EP 0198951 B9 EP0198951 B9 EP 0198951B9 EP 85112695 A EP85112695 A EP 85112695A EP 85112695 A EP85112695 A EP 85112695A EP 0198951 B9 EP0198951 B9 EP 0198951B9
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
support member
member according
area
orthopaedic
orthopaedic support
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EP85112695A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0198951A3 (en
EP0198951A2 (en
EP0198951B1 (en
Inventor
Jürgen Kremendahl
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Globus Berkemann GmbH and Co KG
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Globus Fussstuetzenfabrik Karl Kremendahl
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Priority to AT85112695T priority Critical patent/ATE38766T1/en
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Publication of EP0198951A3 publication Critical patent/EP0198951A3/en
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Publication of EP0198951B1 publication Critical patent/EP0198951B1/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
    • A43B7/14—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts
    • A43B7/1405—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form
    • A43B7/1415—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form characterised by the location under the foot
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B17/00—Insoles for insertion, e.g. footbeds or inlays, for attachment to the shoe after the upper has been joined
    • A43B17/14—Insoles for insertion, e.g. footbeds or inlays, for attachment to the shoe after the upper has been joined made of sponge, rubber, or plastic materials
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
    • A43B7/14—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts
    • A43B7/1405—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form
    • A43B7/1415—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form characterised by the location under the foot
    • A43B7/142—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form characterised by the location under the foot situated under the medial arch, i.e. under the navicular or cuneiform bones
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
    • A43B7/14—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts
    • A43B7/22—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with fixed flat-foot insertions, metatarsal supports, ankle flaps or the like

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an orthopedic Support part, in particular an orthopedic Support insert made of polyethylene terephthalate.
  • the invention also relates to a method for Production of the orthopedic support part.
  • an orthopedic Shoe insert known from a Thermoplastic consists of plastic normal service temperature its given, anatomically shaped shape elastically resilient maintains and plastically at elevated temperature deformable and this imposed form maintains after cooling.
  • the plastic is a casting resin, in particular a glass fiber reinforced acrylic casting resin, wherein as Reinforcement several layers of one Serve hose jersey fabric. used be around between 10 and 14 Hose jersey fabric layers.
  • Reinforcement several layers of one Serve hose jersey fabric. used be around between 10 and 14 Hose jersey fabric layers are the different layers of Glass fabric material stepped, the heel tread surface very thin with only can be occupied in a few locations. This will ensures that the heel tread surface less Stiff than the other parts of the shoe insert.
  • the process for the preparation of the known Shoe insert is extremely expensive. Different stiffnesses are going through different thicknesses of the plastic material and by the number of tissue deposits causes. In addition, only one blank can be prepared by subsequently Grinding or milling must be edited.
  • the object of the invention is one-piece orthopedic support parts, in particular one-piece orthopedic shoe inserts, off To create a polyethytene terephthatate that is good and Repeatable are nachverformbar, very thin can be executed and still the required support force without risk of breakage for Provide and inexpensive and on easy way with zones of different Properties can be produced.
  • the orthopedic support part in particular the Orthopedic shoe insert, consists of a thermoplastic linear polyester (Polyalkylene terephthalate), namely from Polyethylene terephthalate, hereinafter with the internationally known abbreviation PETP called.
  • a thermoplastic linear polyester Polyalkylene terephthalate
  • PETP Polyethylene terephthalate
  • the invention has succeeded orthopedic support parts, in particular to create orthopedic shoe inserts that be optimized in terms of their properties can. It is with polyethylene terephthalate possible, zones of different thickness and regardless of the thickness of different Elasticity and rigidity or supporting strength too create and choose dimensions, with which is not the case with other plastics set such properties.
  • Shoe insert is the heel area in the material thinner than the support area and elastic flexible, while the support area so supportive is that he is under load from the foot transferred body weight and at the Shoe occurring temperatures dimensionally stable remains.
  • the thickness in the heel area is z. B. 0.8 to 1.1 mm, while the thickness in Supporting area is 3.2 to 3.6 mm.
  • the polyalkylene terephthalates are among the Engineering plastics and are used in the Usually used where good dimensional stability and high creep rupture strength are required, but especially the good sliding and Wear behavior highlighted.
  • PETP is in amorphous state transparent, in semi-crystalline Condition opaque white. PETP partially crystalline has high Hardness, rigidity and strength with good Toughness even to -40 ° C. It has a good Creep behavior and low abrasion favorable sliding properties. PETP becomes the Increase in strength, modulus and Creep strength with up to 30% glass fibers Provided. PETP partially crystalline is very good heat-resistant, usable from -40 ° C to 100 ° C. In the amorphous state is the dimensional stability lower in the heat. Of the Crystalline melting range of PETP lies between 255 ° C to 258 ° C. PETP is used as granules on the Market offered. It can be injection molded are processed.
  • the Mold temperatures should be from 30 ° C to 140 ° C amount, with amorphous types at lower and semi-crystalline types at higher Tool temperatures are processed should.
  • the orthopedic according to the invention Support parts are injection molded produced. Is preferably used with a Glass fiber reinforced PETP, which is replaced by a Mixture of a commercial fiberglass containing granules with a produced commercially available glass fiber-free granules becomes. It is favorable if the granules grits in the range of 1 to 5 mm, preferably of 2 up to 3 mm.
  • the glass fiber content of the a granulate is 10 to 20 wt .-%, preferably about 15% by weight, the randomly arranged glass fibers a short length from 200 to 500 ⁇ m and a thickness of 1 to 2 ⁇ m should have.
  • glass fiber reinforced plastic material If glass fiber reinforced plastic material is used, it is ensured that according to Art of a filter a considerable amount Filling material, namely glass fibers, not in the Heel area penetrates, so that in this zone a plastic of lower glass fiber content is present. In the other zone is against a correspondingly higher glass fiber content available, as the starting melt had. From these Differences in composition result in optimal properties of the Plastic in the appropriate areas.
  • the "fiber filtration" does not result from the Narrowing of the heel area in the Injection mold.
  • the procedure is different Temperatures controlled. For example in the injection mold during the Injection molding in the heel area temperatures from 40 ° C to 80 ° C and in the midfoot area of 80 ° C to 110 ° C set.
  • the illustrated one-piece shoe insert 1 is designed for insertion in the left shoe. It has a curved support area 2 for the Metatarsus and one in one piece subsequent heel area 5 on.
  • the support area 2 should be with his Exterior 3 the outer longitudinal arch and with its interior 4, the inner longitudinal arch support a foot.
  • the support area 2 ends behind the metatarsal heads of the foot, so that the insert does not cover the entire foot, but only the metatarsus and the heel highlighted.
  • the heel area is 5 materially thinner than the support area 2.
  • the plastic in the heel area amorphous.
  • a z. B. 2 to 8 mm wide edge 6 in Outside edge region of the support member 2 is arranged which is also made of amorphous PETP, while the core area 7 more or less is crystalline. These differences are clear recognizable, since the core area 7 opaque and the Edge 6, as well as the heel area 5, glassy are transparent.
  • the invention provides that the crystalline Core area 7 of amorphous plastic on all sides is sheathed, so that the surface of the Total shoe insole made of amorphous Plastic exists.
  • the thickness of the jacket is z. B. 0.5 to 2 mm.
  • the support area 2 in particular the core area 7, fiberglass reinforced, while the heel 5 glass fiber-free or fiberglass is.
  • the heel area has one Glass fiber content up to 20% by weight is lower.
  • the invention also allows a pad 8 in the To formulate metatarsal arch area.
  • the orthopedic invention Support member in particular the inventive Shoe insert, can be in one operation in the Injection molding process can be produced.
  • Advantage choice of materials is despite the one-piece training a combination of stiffness and elasticity in wide ranges guaranteed.
  • For subsequent adaptation of the Supporting part of the body part to be supported is possible by heating the shape and possibly also to change the stiffness without the To lose properties. You can thus make typed parts, because in retrospect every deformation is possible. This facilitates the Production and storage quite considerable.
  • PETP is also called dyed plastic in the Trade. It can therefore support parts different colors are generated.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

An orthopedic support part of synthetic plastic material is composed of polyethylene terephthalate and has zones of different stiffnesses. A method of manufacturing of the orthopedic support part includes injection casting of polyethylene terephthalate, and provision of different temperatures in an injection casting tool for obtaining the zones of different stiffnesses.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein orthopädisches Stützteil, insbesondere eine orthopädische Stutzeinlage, aus Polyethylenterephthalat. Die Erfindung betrifft außerdem ein Verfahren zur Herstellung des orthopädischen Stützteils.The invention relates to an orthopedic Support part, in particular an orthopedic Support insert made of polyethylene terephthalate. The The invention also relates to a method for Production of the orthopedic support part.

In der Orthopädie werden Stützteile benötigt, die zonal unterschiedliche Eigenschaften aufweisen müssen. Beispielsweise wird von einer orthopädischen Schuheinlage mit einem Stützbereich für den Mittelfuß und einem Fersenbereich verlangt, daß der Fersenbereich elastisch flexibel und der Stützbereich relativ steif, aber auch noch elastisch und außerdem zur Anpassung an individuelle Fußformen nachverformbar ist. Diesen Anforderungen müssen auch andere orthopädische Stützteile genügen, wie z. B. Cervical-Orthesen, Peroneus-Schienen usw.In orthopedics support parts are needed the zonally different properties must have. For example, one of orthopedic shoe insert with a Support area for the metatarsus and one Heel area demands that the heel area elastically flexible and the support area relatively stiff, but also elastic and also to Adaptation to individual foot shapes is deformable. These requirements also need other orthopedic support parts suffice, such. As cervical orthoses, peroneus splints etc.

Es sind bereits orthopädische Stützteile, insbesondere orthopädische Schuheinlagen aus thermoplastischem Kunststoff bekannt, die nachverformbar sind. Insbesondere im Falle der orthopädischen Schuheinlagen mit Fersenbereich muß aber zur Gewährleistung einer ausreichenden Stützsteifigkeit eine Materialdicke gewählt werden, die ein unangenehmes, sogenanntes Auftragen im Schuh verursacht und das Tragen unbequem macht. Die Produkte werden bedingt durch die erforderliche Materialmenge bzw. -dicke schwer und starr sowie gegebenenfalls auch teuer. Zonen unterschiedlicher, den Anforderungen genügender Eigenschaften, sind fast nicht realisierbar. Man hat zwar schon Zonen z. B. im Fersenbereich einer orthopädischen Schuheinlage dünner geschliffen, um unterschiedliche Eigenschaften zu bewirken. Die dünnen Zonen brechen aber zu leicht, insbesondere im Übergangsbereich zum Mittelfußbereich, auf dem das Personengewicht lastet.There are already orthopedic support parts, especially orthopedic shoe inserts Thermoplastic known, the are deformable. Especially in the case of orthopedic shoe inserts with Heel area must but to ensure a sufficient support rigidity Material thickness to be selected, the one unpleasant, so-called application in the Shoe causes and wearing uncomfortable power. The products are conditioned by the required material quantity or thickness heavy and rigid and possibly also expensive. Zones of different, the requirements sufficient properties are almost not realizable. You already have zones z. In the Heel area of an orthopedic Shoe insert thinner sanded to to effect different properties. The but thin zones break too easily especially in the transition area to Metatarsal area on which the person weight overloaded.

Aus der DE-A-3 304 537 ist eine orthopädische Schuheinlage bekannt, die aus einem thermoplastischen Kunststoff besteht, der bei normaler Gebrauchstemperatur seine gegebene, anatomisch gestaltete Form elastisch federnd beibehält und bei erhöhter Temperatur plastisch verformbar ist und diese aufgezwungene Form nach dem Erkalten beibehält. Der Kunststoff ist ein Gießharz, insbesondere ein glasfaserverstärktes Acryl-Gießharz, wobei als Verstärkung mehrere Lagen eines Schlauchtrikotgewebes dienen. Verwendet werden etwa zwischen 10 und 14 Schlauchtrikotgewebelagen. Bei der Herstellung dieser bekannten Schuheinlage werden die verschiedenen Zwischenlagen von Glasgewebematerial stufenförmig aufgelegt, wobei die Fersenauftrittsfläche sehr dünn mit nur wenigen Lagen belegt sein kann. Dadurch wird erreicht, daß die Fersenauftrittsfläche weniger steif ist als die anderen Teile der Schuheinlage. Das Verfahren zur Herstellung der bekannten Schuheinlage ist außerordentlich aufwendig. Unterschiedliche Steifigkeiten werden durch unterschiedliche Dicken des Kunststoffmaterials und durch die Anzahl der Gewebeeinlagen bewirkt. Außerdem kann nur ein Rohling hergestellt werden, der anschließend durch Schleifen oder Fräsen bearbeitet werden muß.From DE-A-3 304 537 is an orthopedic Shoe insert known from a Thermoplastic consists of plastic normal service temperature its given, anatomically shaped shape elastically resilient maintains and plastically at elevated temperature deformable and this imposed form maintains after cooling. The plastic is a casting resin, in particular a glass fiber reinforced acrylic casting resin, wherein as Reinforcement several layers of one Serve hose jersey fabric. used be around between 10 and 14 Hose jersey fabric layers. In the preparation of this known shoe insert are the different layers of Glass fabric material stepped, the heel tread surface very thin with only can be occupied in a few locations. This will ensures that the heel tread surface less Stiff than the other parts of the shoe insert. The process for the preparation of the known Shoe insert is extremely expensive. Different stiffnesses are going through different thicknesses of the plastic material and by the number of tissue deposits causes. In addition, only one blank can be prepared by subsequently Grinding or milling must be edited.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist, einstückige orthopädische Stützteile, insbesondere einstückige orthopädische Schuheinlagen, aus Polyethytenterephthatat zu schaffen, die gut und wiederholbar nachverformbar sind, sehr dünn ausgeführt sein können und dennoch die erforderliche Stützkraft ohne Bruchgefahr zur Verfügung stellen und preisgünstig und auf einfache Weise mit Zonen unterschiedlicher Eigenschaften herstellbar sind.The object of the invention is one-piece orthopedic support parts, in particular one-piece orthopedic shoe inserts, off To create a polyethytene terephthatate that is good and Repeatable are nachverformbar, very thin can be executed and still the required support force without risk of breakage for Provide and inexpensive and on easy way with zones of different Properties can be produced.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Hauptanspruchs und des Anspruchs 19 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung werden in den zu diesen Ansprüchen formulierten Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet.This task is characterized by the characteristics of Main claim and claim 19 solved. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are formulated in the claims to these claims Subclaims characterized.

Das orthopädische Stützteil, insbesondere die orthopädische Schuheinlage, besteht aus einem thermoplastischen linearen Polyester (Polyalkylenterephthalat), und zwar aus Polyethylenterephthalat, im folgenden mit der international bekannten Abkürzung PETP genannt.The orthopedic support part, in particular the Orthopedic shoe insert, consists of a thermoplastic linear polyester (Polyalkylene terephthalate), namely from Polyethylene terephthalate, hereinafter with the internationally known abbreviation PETP called.

Es ist zwar schon eine im Handel erhältliche Schuheinlage aus glasfaserverstärkten PETP bekannt, die aber keinen Fersenbereich aufweist. Die Stützeinlage ist außerordentlich steif und hat sich aus diesem Grunde nicht durchsetzen können. Außerdem war es nicht gelungen, eine Schuheinlage mit einem einstückig daran angeordneten Fersenbereich mit diesem Kunststoff auszubilden. Insofern konnte keineswegs erwartet werden, daß dieser Kunststoff sich dennoch eignet, eine Schuheinlage mit einstückig angeformtem Fersenbereich zu schaffen.It is already a commercially available Shoe insert made of glass fiber reinforced PETP known, but which has no heel area. The support insert is extremely stiff and has not enforce for this reason can. Besides, it had not succeeded, one Shoe insert with a one-piece in it arranged heel area with this To train plastic. In that sense could by no means be expected that this Plastic is still suitable, a Shoe insert with integrally molded Heel area to create.

Durch die Erfindung ist es gelungen, orthopädische Stützteile, insbesondere orthopädische Schuheinlagen zu schaffen, die bezüglich ihrer Eigenschaften optimiert werden können. Es ist mit Polyethylenterephthalat möglich, Zonen unterschiedlicher Dicke und unabhängig von der Dicke unterschiedlicher Elastizität und Steifigkeit bzw. Stützfestigkeit zu schaffen und dabei Abmessungen zu wählen, bei denen sich bei anderen Kunststoffen nicht derartige Eigenschaften einstellen.The invention has succeeded orthopedic support parts, in particular to create orthopedic shoe inserts that be optimized in terms of their properties can. It is with polyethylene terephthalate possible, zones of different thickness and regardless of the thickness of different Elasticity and rigidity or supporting strength too create and choose dimensions, with which is not the case with other plastics set such properties.

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen orthopädischen Schuheinlage ist der Fersenbereich im Material dünner als der Stützbereich und elastisch biegsam, während der Stützbereich so stützsteif ist, daß er bei Belastung durch das vom Fuß übertragene Körpergewicht und bei den im Schuh auftretenden Temperaturen formstabil bleibt. Die Dicke im Fersenbereich beträgt z. B. 0,8 bis 1,1 mm, während die Dicke im Stützbereich 3,2 bis 3,6 mm beträgt. Dabei ergeben sich die unterschiedlichen Eigenschaften (Elastizität - Steifigkeit) dieser Bereiche im wesentlichen nicht durch die unterschiedliche Dicke, sondern vielmehr durch unterschiedliche Materialstrukturen, die weiter unten noch erläutert werden.In the orthopedic according to the invention Shoe insert is the heel area in the material thinner than the support area and elastic flexible, while the support area so supportive is that he is under load from the foot transferred body weight and at the Shoe occurring temperatures dimensionally stable remains. The thickness in the heel area is z. B. 0.8 to 1.1 mm, while the thickness in Supporting area is 3.2 to 3.6 mm. there arise the different Properties (elasticity - stiffness) of this Areas not essentially by the different thickness, but rather by different material structures that continue will be explained below.

Die Polyalkylenterephthalate zählen zu den Konstruktionskunststoffen und werden in der Regel dort eingesetzt, wo gute Maßhaltigkeit und hohe Zeitstandfestigkeit gefordert werden, besonders aber wird das gute Gleit- und Verschleißverhalten hervorgehoben. Bekannt sind die folgenden Eigenschaften des PETP. Es kann wegen geringer Kristallisationsgeschwindigkeit je nach Verarbeitungsbedingungen und Werkstofftyp im amorph-transparenten oder teilkristallinen Zustand (30 % bis 40 % Kristallinität) vorliegen. Bei Werkzeugtemperaturen bis maximal 40°C tritt amorphe Struktur, bei höheren Werkzeug temperaturen teilkristallines Gefüge auf. Der Kristallisationsgrad kann durch Nukleierungsmittel erhöht werden. Auf dem Markt gibt es PETP mit Füll- und Verstärkungsstoffen, wie z. B. mit Glasfasern, Glaskugeln, Mineralien, Talkum. PETP ist im amorphen Zustand transparent, im teilkristallinen Zustand opak weiß. PETP teilkristallin hat hohe Härte, Steifigkeit und Festigkeit bei guter Zähigkeit auch bis -40° C. Es weist ein gutes Zeitstandverhalten und geringen Abrieb bei günstigen Gleiteigenschaften auf. PETP wird zur Erhöhung von Festigkeit, E-Modul und Zeitstandfestigkeit mit bis 30 % Glasfasern versehen. PETP teilkristallin ist sehr gut wärmebeständig, einsetzbar von -40°C bis 100°C. Im amorphen Zustand ist die Formbeständigkeit in der Wärme geringer. Der Kristallitschmelzbereich von PETP liegt zwischen 255°C bis 258°C. PETP wird als Granulat auf dem Markt angeboten. Es kann im Spritzgußverfahren verarbeitet werden. Empfohlen werden Massetemperaturen von 260°C bis 290°C und Spritzdrücke von 1000 bis 1700 bar. Bei einer Glasfaserverstärkung können günstigere Bedingungen eingestellt werden. Die Werkzeugtemperaturen sollen von 30°C bis 140°C betragen, wobei amorphe Typen bei niedrigeren und teilkristalline Typen bei höheren Werkzeugtemperaturen verarbeitet werden sollen.The polyalkylene terephthalates are among the Engineering plastics and are used in the Usually used where good dimensional stability and high creep rupture strength are required, but especially the good sliding and Wear behavior highlighted. Known are the following properties of PETP. It can because of lower Crystallization speed depending on Processing conditions and material type in amorphous-transparent or semi-crystalline Condition (30% to 40% crystallinity) are present. At mold temperatures up to 40 ° C occurs amorphous structure, with higher tooling Temperatures partially crystalline structure on. Of the Degree of crystallization can through Nucleating agents are increased. On the Market there is PETP with filling and Reinforcing agents, such as. With glass fibers, Glass beads, minerals, talc. PETP is in amorphous state transparent, in semi-crystalline Condition opaque white. PETP partially crystalline has high Hardness, rigidity and strength with good Toughness even to -40 ° C. It has a good Creep behavior and low abrasion favorable sliding properties. PETP becomes the Increase in strength, modulus and Creep strength with up to 30% glass fibers Provided. PETP partially crystalline is very good heat-resistant, usable from -40 ° C to 100 ° C. In the amorphous state is the dimensional stability lower in the heat. Of the Crystalline melting range of PETP lies between 255 ° C to 258 ° C. PETP is used as granules on the Market offered. It can be injection molded are processed. Recommended Melt temperatures of 260 ° C to 290 ° C and Injection pressures of 1000 to 1700 bar. At a Glass fiber reinforcement can be cheaper Conditions are set. The Mold temperatures should be from 30 ° C to 140 ° C amount, with amorphous types at lower and semi-crystalline types at higher Tool temperatures are processed should.

Einige dieser bekannten Eigenschaften stehen der Verwendung für den erfindungsgemäßen Zweck nicht entgegen. Die hohen Spritzdrücke beim Spritzgießen aber und insbesondere die Gefahr der Lunkerbildung, wie auch die Forderung nach großen Angußquerschnitten legen die Verwendung nicht nahe. Insbesondere bei der relativ dünnen orthopädischen Schuheinlage können keine großen Angußquerschnitte gewährleistet werden. Außerdem war nicht bekannt, daß an einem einstückigen Stützteil Zonen extrem unterschiedlicher Eigenschaften (Elastizität - Steifigkeit) erzielt werden können.Some of these known properties are available the use for the invention Purpose not contrary. The high injection pressures in injection molding but and in particular the Risk of cavitation, as well as the Demand for large sprue cross sections do not suggest the use. In particular at the relatively thin orthopedic Shoe insert can not be big Angular cross sections are guaranteed. In addition, it was not known that at one integral support zone extremes different properties (elasticity - Stiffness) can be achieved.

Die erfindungsgemäßen orthopädischen Stützteile werden im Spritzgußverfahren hergestellt. Verwendet wird vorzugsweise ein mit Glasfasern verstärktes PETP, das durch eine Mischung aus einem handelsüblichen glasfaserenthaltenden Granulat mit einem handelsüblichen glasfaserfreien Granulat erzeugt wird. Günstig ist, wenn die Granulate Körnungen im Bereich von 1 bis 5 mm, vorzugsweise von 2 bis 3 mm aufweisen. Der Glasfaseranteil des einen Granulats beträgt 10 bis 20 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise etwa 15 Gew.-%, wobei die regellos angeordneten Glasfasern eine Kurzlänge von 200 bis 500 µm und eine Dicke von 1 bis 2 µm aufweisen sollen. Es wird bevorzugt eine Mischung von 2 : 1 bis 3 : 1 glasfaserverstärktes zu ungefülltem PETP Granulat verwendet. Aus dem Granulatgemisch wird in einer Spritzgießmaschine bei 300°C bis 360°C eine homogene Schmelze erzeugt, die mit über 1800, insbesondere etwa 1800 bis 2200 bar in die Spritzgußteilform gepreßt wird. Die erfindungsgemäß gewählten Temperaturen und Drücke liegen somit höher als normal.The orthopedic according to the invention Support parts are injection molded produced. Is preferably used with a Glass fiber reinforced PETP, which is replaced by a Mixture of a commercial fiberglass containing granules with a produced commercially available glass fiber-free granules becomes. It is favorable if the granules grits in the range of 1 to 5 mm, preferably of 2 up to 3 mm. The glass fiber content of the a granulate is 10 to 20 wt .-%, preferably about 15% by weight, the randomly arranged glass fibers a short length from 200 to 500 μm and a thickness of 1 to 2 μm should have. It is preferably a Mixture of 2: 1 to 3: 1 glass fiber reinforced used to unfilled PETP granules. Out the granule mixture is in a Injection molding machine at 300 ° C to 360 ° C a homogeneous melt generated with over 1800, in particular about 1800 to 2200 bar in the Injection molded part is pressed. The According to the invention selected temperatures and Pressures are thus higher than normal.

Wesentlich ist, daß im Werkzeug, das als Hohlraum die Raumform des Stützteils aufweist, in die die heiße Kunststoffschmelze eingepreßt wird, zonal unterschiedliche Temperaturen vorherrschen, so daß in den kälteren Zonen der Kunststoff amorph und in den wärmeren Zonen in Abhängigkeit von der Temperatur mehr oder weniger kristallin erhärtet. Man kann daher mit den folgenden Parametern zonal alle gewünschten Eigenschaften des Stützteils realisieren:

  • Mischungsverhältnis der Granulate,
  • Schmelztemperatur,
  • Preßdruck,
  • Temperatur im Spritzgußwerkzeug.
    • It is essential that zonal different temperatures prevail in the tool, which has as a cavity, the spatial shape of the support member in which the hot plastic melt is pressed, so that in the colder zones of the plastic amorphous and in the warmer zones depending on the temperature more or less crystalline hardened. It is therefore possible to realize zonally all the desired properties of the supporting part with the following parameters:
  • Mixing ratio of the granules,
  • Melting temperature,
  • pressing pressure,
  • Temperature in the injection mold.

    • Im Falle der orthopädischen Schuheinlage hat sich gezeigt, daß es am günstigsten ist, wenn die Kunststoffschmelze in die Spritzgußform durch eine Öffnung von der Mittelfußköpfchen-Seite eingedrückt wird. Die Kunststoffmasse, die in einen Hohlraum relativ großen Querschnitts eintritt, fließt sehr schnell bis in die verengte Zone des Fersenbereichs ein. Unterschiedlich eingestellte Temperaturen im Fersen- und Mittelfußbereich der Spritzgußform ergeben materialmäßig unterschiedliche Eigenschaften. Dabei wird dafür gesorgt, daß das Material im Fersenbereich amorph und im Mittelfußbereich mehr oder weniger kristallin erstarrt, so daß sich die gewünschten elastischen Eigenschaften im Fersenbereich und die gewünschte Steifigkeit im Mittelfußbereich einstellen. Wenn glasfaserverstärktes Kunststoffmaterial verwendet wird, wird dafür gesorgt, daß nach Art eines Filters eine beachtliche Menge an Füllmaterial, nämlich an Glasfasern, nicht in den Fersenbereich eindringt, so daß in dieser Zone ein Kunststoff geringeren Glasfaseranteils vorliegt. In der anderen Zone ist dagegen ein entsprechend höherer Glasfaseranteil vorhanden, als die Ausgangsschmelze aufwies. Aus diesen Unterschieden in der Zusammensetzung resultieren optimale Eigenschaften des Kunststoffs in den entsprechenden Bereichen.In the case of orthopedic shoe insert has proved to be the cheapest when the Plastic melt in the injection mold through an opening from the metatarsal head side is pressed. The plastic mass, in a cavity of relatively large cross section enters, flows very quickly to the narrowed Zone of the heel area. Differently set temperatures in the heel and Metatarsal area of the injection mold result materially different properties. It is ensured that the material in the Heel area amorphous and midfoot area crystallized more or less crystalline, so that the desired elastic properties in Heel area and the desired stiffness in the Set the metatarsal area. If glass fiber reinforced plastic material is used, it is ensured that according to Art of a filter a considerable amount Filling material, namely glass fibers, not in the Heel area penetrates, so that in this zone a plastic of lower glass fiber content is present. In the other zone is against a correspondingly higher glass fiber content available, as the starting melt had. From these Differences in composition result in optimal properties of the Plastic in the appropriate areas.

    Die "Glasfaserfiltration" resultiert nicht aus der Verengung des Fersenbereichs in der Spritzgußform. Nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird sie durch die unterschiedlichen Temperaturen gesteuert. Beispielsweise werden im Spritzgußwerkzeug während des Spritzgießens im Fersenbereich Temperaturen von 40°C bis 80°C und im Mittelfußbereich von 80°C bis 110°C eingestellt.The "fiber filtration" does not result from the Narrowing of the heel area in the Injection mold. After the invention The procedure is different Temperatures controlled. For example in the injection mold during the Injection molding in the heel area temperatures from 40 ° C to 80 ° C and in the midfoot area of 80 ° C to 110 ° C set.

    Mit der Erfindung gelingt es, aus unverstärktem PETP, ebenso wie aus verstärktem PETP, durch die Wahl bestimmter Schmelztemperaturen und Spritzdrücke sowie durch die Wahl bestimmter zonal unterschiedlicher Erstarrungstemperaturen in der Spritzgußform die Eigenschaften des Kunststoffs bei einem einstückigen Stützteil zur Verfügung zu stellen, die dort erforderlich sind. Die Eigenschaften reichen von federelastischen Eigenschaften, z. B. im dünnen Fersenbereich einer Schuheinlage, bis zur formstabilen Steifigkeit im Mittelfußbereich, die z. B. durch die Erstarrungskonstitution des Kunststoffs und/oder durch den Füllungsgrad mit Glasfasern und/oder durch die Kristallinität des Kunststoffs bewirkt werden.With the invention, it is possible from unreinforced PETP, as well as reinforced PETP the choice of certain melting temperatures and Injection pressures as well as by the choice of certain zonal different solidification temperatures in the injection mold the properties of Plastic in a one-piece support member for To provide them there. The properties range from elastic Properties, e.g. B. in the thin heel area a shoe insert, to the dimensionally stable Stiffness in the midfoot area, the z. B. by the Solidification constitution of the plastic and / or by the degree of filling with glass fibers and / or caused by the crystallinity of the plastic become.

    Anhand der Zeichnung wird die Erfindung im folgenden näher erläutert. Dabei wird als Beispiel eine orthopädische Schuheinlage beschrieben.
    Es zeigen:

    Fig. 1
    xeine Draufsicht auf die Schuheinlage,
    Fig. 2
    eine Seitenansicht der Schuheinlage.
    Reference to the drawing, the invention will be explained in more detail below. In this case, an orthopedic shoe insert is described as an example.
    Show it:
    Fig. 1
    xa top view of the shoe insert,
    Fig. 2
    a side view of the shoe insert.

    Die dargestellte einstückige Schuheinlage 1 ist für das Einlegen in den linken Schuh ausgebildet. Sie weist einen gewölbten Stützbereich 2 für den Mittelfuß und einen sich einstückig anschließenden Fersenbereich 5 auf.The illustrated one-piece shoe insert 1 is designed for insertion in the left shoe. It has a curved support area 2 for the Metatarsus and one in one piece subsequent heel area 5 on.

    Der Stützbereich 2 soll mit seinem Außenbereich 3 das Außenlängsgewölbe und mit seinem Innenbereich 4 das Innenlängsgewölbe eines Fußes stützen. Der Stützbereich 2 endet vorne hinter den Mittelfußköpfchen des Fußes, so daß die Einlage nicht den gesamten Fuß, sondern nur den Mittelfuß und die Ferse unterlegt.The support area 2 should be with his Exterior 3 the outer longitudinal arch and with its interior 4, the inner longitudinal arch support a foot. The support area 2 ends behind the metatarsal heads of the foot, so that the insert does not cover the entire foot, but only the metatarsus and the heel highlighted.

    Nach der Erfindung ist der Fersenbereich 5 materialmäßig dünner als der Stützbereich 2. Nach einer besonderen Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist der Kunststoff im Fersenbereich amorph. Eine weitere Ausführungsform sieht vor, daß ein z. B. 2 bis 8 mm breiter Rand 6 im Außenkantenbereich des Stützteils 2 angeordnet ist, der ebenfalls aus amorphem PETP besteht, während der Kernbereich 7 mehr oder weniger kristallin ist. Diese Unterschiede sind deutlich erkennbar, da der Kernbereich 7 opak und der Rand 6, wie auch der Fersenbereich 5, glasig durchsichtig sind. Eine weitere Ausführungsform der Erfindung sieht vor, daß der kristalline Kernbereich 7 von amorphem Kunststoff allseitig ummantelt ist, so daß die Oberfläche der Schuheinlage insgesamt aus amorphem Kunststoff besteht. Die Dicke der Ummantelung beträgt z. B. 0,5 bis 2 mm. Diese Ausbildung ist einteilig und wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Temperaturführung im Werkzeug erzeugt. Z. B. wird die Temperatur im Werkzeug während des Erstarrens des Kunststoffs verändert.According to the invention, the heel area is 5 materially thinner than the support area 2. According to a particular embodiment of the Invention is the plastic in the heel area amorphous. Another embodiment provides that a z. B. 2 to 8 mm wide edge 6 in Outside edge region of the support member 2 is arranged which is also made of amorphous PETP, while the core area 7 more or less is crystalline. These differences are clear recognizable, since the core area 7 opaque and the Edge 6, as well as the heel area 5, glassy are transparent. Another embodiment the invention provides that the crystalline Core area 7 of amorphous plastic on all sides is sheathed, so that the surface of the Total shoe insole made of amorphous Plastic exists. The thickness of the jacket is z. B. 0.5 to 2 mm. This education is in one piece and according to the invention by the Temperature control generated in the tool. Eg the temperature in the tool during the Solidification of the plastic changed.

    Vorteilhaft ist, wenn der Stützbereich 2, insbesondere der Kernbereich 7, glasfaserverstärkt, während der Fersenbereich 5 glasfaserfrei oder glasfaserärmer ist. Beispielsweise weist der Fersenbereich einen Glasfaseranteil auf, der bis zu 20 Gew.-% geringer ist.It is advantageous if the support area 2, in particular the core area 7, fiberglass reinforced, while the heel 5 glass fiber-free or fiberglass is. For example, the heel area has one Glass fiber content up to 20% by weight is lower.

    Eine nachträgliche Verformung unter Anpassung an eine individuelle Fußform erfolgt im Stützbereich, wobei der Fersenbereich in der Regel unverändert bleibt. Zur Nachverformung wird der Stützbereich insgesamt oder zonal erwärmt und z. B. von Hand verformt. Nach dem Verformen und Erkalten behält der Stützbereich 2 die neue Raumform bei. Dabei kann die Steifigkeit unverändert bleiben. Sie kann aber auch durch die gewählte Nachverformtemperatur erhöht werden, indem bei relativ hohen Temperaturen nachverformt wird, so daß die Kristallinität und dadurch bedingt die Steifigkeit erhöht wird. Besonders günstig ist, daß PETP, insbesondere aber auch glasfaserverstärktes PETP, beliebig oft nachverformbar ist, ohne daß die geforderten Eigenschaften darunter leiden.Subsequent deformation under Adapted to an individual foot shape in the support area, with the heel area in the Rule remains unchanged. For post-deformation the support area becomes total or zonal heated and z. B. deformed by hand. After this Deformation and cooling keeps the support area 2 the new spatial form. It can the Stiffness remain unchanged. But she can also by the selected post-forming temperature be increased by at relatively high Temperatures is deformed, so that the Crystallinity and therefore the stiffness is increased. It is particularly favorable that PETP, but in particular also glass fiber reinforced PETP, as often as is nachverformbar without the required properties suffer from it.

    Die Erfindung gestattet auch, eine Pelotte 8 im Mittelfußgewölbebereich einzuformen.The invention also allows a pad 8 in the To formulate metatarsal arch area.

    Das erfindungsgemäße orthopädische Stützteil, insbesondere die erfindungsgemäße Schuheinlage, können in einem Arbeitsgang im Spritzgußverfahren hergestellt werden. Aufgrund der vorteilhaften Auswahl der Werkstoffe ist trotz der einstückigen Ausbildung eine Kombination von Steifigkeit und Elastizität in weiten Bereichen gewährleistet. Zur nachträglichen Anpassung des Stützteils an das zu stützende Körperteil ist es möglich, durch Erwärmung die Form und ggf. auch die Steifigkeit zu verändern, ohne die Eigenschaften zu verlieren. Man kann somit typisierte Teile herstellen, weil im Nachhinein jede Verformung möglich ist. Dies erleichtert die Herstellung und Lagerhaltung ganz beachtlich.The orthopedic invention Support member, in particular the inventive Shoe insert, can be in one operation in the Injection molding process can be produced. by virtue of the advantageous choice of materials is despite the one-piece training a combination of stiffness and elasticity in wide ranges guaranteed. For subsequent adaptation of the Supporting part of the body part to be supported is possible by heating the shape and possibly also to change the stiffness without the To lose properties. You can thus make typed parts, because in retrospect every deformation is possible. This facilitates the Production and storage quite considerable.

    PETP ist auch als gefärbter Kunststoff im Handel. Es können daher Stützteile verschiedenster Farben erzeugt werden.PETP is also called dyed plastic in the Trade. It can therefore support parts different colors are generated.

    Claims (31)

    1. An orthopaedic support member of polyethylene terephthalate, characterised by zones of different stiffness which are determined by different material structure.
    2. An orthopaedic support member according to claim 1, characterised in that at least one zone is flexible and at least one other zone is bending-resistant.
    3. An orthopaedic support member according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that at least one zone is glass-fibre reinforced.
    4. An orthopaedic support member according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that zones of different thickness are present in which at least one thin zone is flexible and at least one thicker zone is stiff.
    5. An orthopaedic support member according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that at least one zone is crystalline and at least one other zone is amorphous.
    6. An orthopaedic support member according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that at least one zone has a fine-particle filling material and/or reinforcing material.
    7. An orthopaedic support member according to claim 6, characterised in that at least one zone has a glass-fibre reinforcement.
    8. An orthopaedic support member according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the support member is an orthopaedic shoe insert (1).
    9. An orthopaedic support member according to claim 8, characterised in that the shoe insert (1) consists of the arched support area (2) for the metatarsus and the heel area (5) which is connected to it in one piece.
    10. An orthopaedic support member according to claim 8 or 9, characterised in that the heel area (5) is flexible and thinner, whilst the support area (2) is thicker and stiffer.
    11. An orthopaedic support member according to one or more of claims 8 to 10, characterised in that the synthetic material in the heel area (5) is amorphous.
    12. An orthopaedic support member according to one or more of claims 8 to 11, characterised in that the support area (2) is surrounded by a border (6) which consists of amorphous synthetic material wherein the core area (7) surrounded by the border (6) is more or less crystalline.
    13. An orthopaedic support member according to one or more of claims 8 to 12, characterised in that the crystalline core area (7) is encased in amorphous synthetic material.
    14. An orthopaedic support member according to claim 13, characterised in that the casing is 0.5 to 2 mm thick.
    15. An orthopaedic support member according to one or more of claims 1 to 14, characterised in that the heel area (5) also contains at least a filling and/or reinforcing material.
    16. An orthopaedic support member according to claim 15, characterised in that the heel area (5) has a glass-fibre reinforcement.
    17. An orthopaedic support member according to claim 16 or 15, characterised in that the proportion of filling and/or reinforcing material is substantially less than in the support area (2).
    18. An orthopaedic support member according to one or more of claims 1 to 16, characterised by a moulded pelotte (8).
    19. A method for the production of an orthopaedic support member according to one or more of claims 1 to 18 or 8 to 18, characterised by injection moulding of polyethylene terephthalate wherein different local temperatures are employed in the operating tool for the production of zones having different stiffness properties.
    20. A method according to claim 19, characterised in that polyethylene terephthalate containing filling material or reinforcing material, and preferably glass-fibre reinforced polyethylene terephthalate, is used.
    21. A method according to claim 19 or 20, characterised in that a granular mix of glass-fibre-free granules and granules containing glass-fibre is used.
    22. A method according to claim 21, characterised in that a granulate is used which has a glass-fibre ratio of 10 to 20 % by weight, preferably about 15 % by weight, wherein the glass-fibres have a short length of 200 to 500 µm and a thickness of 1 to 2 µm.
    23. A method according to claim 21 or 22, characterised in that the granulate is used in quantity ratios of 1 : 2 to 1 : 3, the glass-fibre reinforced granulate making up the largest proportion.
    24. A method according to one or more of claims 19 to 23, characterised in that in an injection moulding machine a molten mass is produced in the temperature range 300°C to 360°C.
    25. A method according to one or more of claims 19 to 24, characterised in that the molten mass is pressed into the injection moulding part at over 1800, and preferably 1800 to 2200 bars.
    26. A method according to one or more of claims 19 to 25, in particular for the production of an orthopaedic support member according to one or more of claims 8 to 18, characterised in that the molten mass is pressed in through an aperture from the metatarsus side.
    27. A method according to claim 26, characterised in that the temperatures in the injection moulding part are adjusted such that the synthetic material in the heel area sets amorphously and at least partly in the metatarsus, or support, area sets more or less crystallinely.
    28. A method according to claim 26 or 27, characterised in that the temperatures are adjusted such that a synthetic molten mass flows into the heel area which has a lower proportion of filling material and preferably a lower proportion of glass-fibre.
    29. A method according to one or more of claims 26 to 28, characterized in that the temperatures in the operating tool are adjusted such that the crystalline core area of the metatarsus area is encased with amorphous synthetic material on all sides.
    30. A method according to one or more of claims 26 to 29, characterised in that in the injection moulding operating tool temperatures of 40°C to 80°C are employed during injection moulding in the heel area and temperatures of 80° C to 110°C are employed in the metatarsus area.
    31. A method according to one or more of claims 26 to 29, characterised in that on injection moulding a uniform temperature is employed, and for the production of zones having different properties or stiffness, certain zones are heated again at predetermined temperatures and are preferably also post-deformed, whereafter the heated areas are cooled again to achieve the desired stiffness.
    EP85112695A 1985-03-28 1985-10-07 Orthopaedic support, especially an orthopaedic shoe insertion, and process for its production Expired - Lifetime EP0198951B9 (en)

    Priority Applications (1)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    AT85112695T ATE38766T1 (en) 1985-03-28 1985-10-07 ORTHOPEDIC SUPPORT PART, IN PARTICULAR ORTHOPEDIC SHOE INSOLE, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCTION THEREOF.

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    DE8509263U 1985-03-28
    DE8509263U DE8509263U1 (en) 1985-03-28 1985-03-28 Orthopedic shoe insole

    Publications (4)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP0198951A2 EP0198951A2 (en) 1986-10-29
    EP0198951A3 EP0198951A3 (en) 1987-05-20
    EP0198951B1 EP0198951B1 (en) 1988-11-23
    EP0198951B9 true EP0198951B9 (en) 2003-05-28

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    ID=6779296

    Family Applications (1)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP85112695A Expired - Lifetime EP0198951B9 (en) 1985-03-28 1985-10-07 Orthopaedic support, especially an orthopaedic shoe insertion, and process for its production

    Country Status (4)

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    US (1) US4715131A (en)
    EP (1) EP0198951B9 (en)
    AT (1) ATE38766T1 (en)
    DE (2) DE8509263U1 (en)

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    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    US4715131A (en) 1987-12-29
    EP0198951A3 (en) 1987-05-20
    EP0198951A2 (en) 1986-10-29
    DE8509263U1 (en) 1985-05-09
    DE3566350D1 (en) 1988-12-29
    EP0198951B1 (en) 1988-11-23
    ATE38766T1 (en) 1988-12-15

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