EP0150859A2 - Process and device for making tiles, slabs and similar construction blocks by means of pressing a powder mixture - Google Patents

Process and device for making tiles, slabs and similar construction blocks by means of pressing a powder mixture Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0150859A2
EP0150859A2 EP85101036A EP85101036A EP0150859A2 EP 0150859 A2 EP0150859 A2 EP 0150859A2 EP 85101036 A EP85101036 A EP 85101036A EP 85101036 A EP85101036 A EP 85101036A EP 0150859 A2 EP0150859 A2 EP 0150859A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressing
plates
pressing cavity
cavity
movable
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP85101036A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0150859A3 (en
Inventor
M. Maurice Bellier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LAMBERT INDUSTRIES, SOCIETE ANONYME DITE
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Lambert Industries SA
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Publication date
Application filed by Lambert Industries SA filed Critical Lambert Industries SA
Publication of EP0150859A2 publication Critical patent/EP0150859A2/en
Publication of EP0150859A3 publication Critical patent/EP0150859A3/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/16—Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes
    • B28B7/164—Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes for plates, panels, or similar sheet- or disc-shaped articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/10—Moulds with means incorporated therein, or carried thereby, for ejecting or detaching the moulded article

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the manufacture of tiles, panels and similar flat building elements, square or rectangular, by pressing a fluid mixture of low humidity powder in a pressing cavity defined by two opposite plates forming the faces of the tile and by four cheeks forming the edges of the tile.
  • plaster tiles of the smooth facing type for example according to French standard NF-P-72301 are produced by pouring a liquid mass of plaster and mixing water into vertical molds. This manufacturing process, which requires drying the molded tiles, leads to tiles with a density of 0.9 to 1.
  • the pressing is carried out between two horizontal plates movable vertically relative to one another.
  • the dimensions (in horizontal projection) of the presses used are directly a function of the size of the tile to be manufactured.
  • the height of these presses must also be significant since the filling of the pressing cavity requires a sufficient rise of the upper plate to allow the establishment of a filling system above the cavity.
  • These presses are therefore very bulky and must be of very rigid structure.
  • a second type of process consists in introducing the powder into a pressing cavity delimited by two fixed vertical plates spaced by a distance corresponding to the thickness of the tile to be produced and in pressing the powder between two opposite cheeks of the cavity defining two slices opposite of the tile.
  • the pressing cavity is very narrow, the filling of the latter is problematic. The problem of regular filling is particularly serious in the case of a pressing cavity encumbered by cores, for the manufacture of hollow tiles.
  • Another drawback common to the two types of process described above relates to the release of the tile from the pressing cavity. Indeed, according to these methods, this release is accompanied by tensile forces on the tile, causing tearing in particular on the edges, and more particularly at the grooves and tongues with which the tiles are generally provided on their edges, in view of their interlocking assembly.
  • the subject of the present invention is a method and a device for manufacturing tiles, panels or similar flat building elements, by pressing a powder mixture, this method being able to be carried out in a simple manner on a compact press. and providing tiles with a regular density distribution, both on solid tiles and on hollow tiles.
  • the subject of the invention is also a method and a device for manufacturing tiles, panels and similar flat elements, allowing the tile to be released from the pressing cavity without risk of damage.
  • pressing is carried out of a fluid mixture of dry or not very wet powder in a pressing cavity defined by two plates opposites forming the sides of the square and four cheeks forming the edges of the square.
  • a pressing cavity is used having two vertical plates movable relative to one another perpendicular to their planes. The two plates are brought to a reciprocal distance greater than the reciprocal distance of the faces of the tile to be manufactured. The pressing cavity is filled by gravity from the top with powder. The two plates are brought together up to the reciprocal distance from the faces of the tile to be manufactured, in order to press the powder. The pressure is released on the two plates and the tile is pushed out of the mold by translation parallel to the planes of the two plates.
  • the two plates distant from each other provide a distance between them sufficient to allow regular filling of the mold cavity necessary for obtaining a tile of uniform density.
  • the pressing stroke (perpendicular to the plane of the tile) is very small since it corresponds approximately to the thickness of the finished tile.
  • the press can therefore be very compact and of simple structure while having very high rigidity.
  • a pressing cavity with vertical cores is used. Indeed, these vertical cores do not interfere with regular filling of the pressing cavity.
  • the cores being fixed relative to the mold cavity, to push the tile vertically upwards out of the pressing cavity.
  • the device for implementing the method according to the invention comprises a pressing cavity delimited by two opposite plates corresponding to the faces of the tile and by four cheeks corresponding to the edges of the tile.
  • the two plates are vertical and one of the plates is movable relative to the other perpendicular to its plane.
  • the cheeks of the pressing cavity are mounted on a movable support perpendicular to the planes of the two plates. At least one cheek is retractable and an opposite cheek is movable in translation parallel to the planes of the plates through the pressing cavity.
  • the device further comprises means for maneuvering said plate, maneuvering means for moving the cheek support jointly with the mobile plate, at a speed and over a stroke equal to half that of the mobile plate, and means for operating said movable cheek.
  • the device comprises filling means located above the pressing cavity.
  • the device according to the invention may include cores projecting vertically from bottom to top in the pressing cavity. These cores are mounted on the cheek support so as to move jointly with this support perpendicular to the planes of the pressing plates. Thus, the cores are always in the middle position between the two plates.
  • the cores can either protrude permanently into the pressing cavity or be retractable downwards.
  • the upper cheek of the pressing cavity is formed by two slides mounted on the movable support of the cheeks so as to be movable in opposition perpendicular to the planes of the plates under the action of operating means, between two _positions in one of which the two sliders meet in the median plane of the pressing cavity, and in the other of which the two sliders provide between them a slit of a width corresponding substantially to the distance between the plateaus as far apart as possible in the filling position of the pressing cavity.
  • the filling means are advantageously constituted by a movable hopper, under the action of operating means, between a filling position in which the hopper is located above the pressing cavity defined by the plates separated as far as possible and a position in which the hopper / 'releases the top of the pressing cavity
  • the hopper can be mounted on one of said slides while being movable relative to the latter horizontally and preferably perpendicularly to the planes of the plates so that in the position in which the hopper releases the top of the pressing cavity, its outlet is closed by this slide.
  • replaceable stop blocks are placed between the movable plate and the movable support of the cheeks, on the one hand, and the movable support of cheeks and the fixed plate, on the other hand.
  • the illustrated device for pressing hollow tiles from a mixture of dry plaster and gypsum powder comprises two fixed crossbeams 1, 2, installed on the floor.
  • the two crosspieces 1 and 2 are connected to each other at a distance above the ground, by two parallel horizontal tie rods 3 (see FIG. 2).
  • the cylinder of a horizontal jack 4 is fixed to the face of the cross member 1 facing the cross member 2.
  • the piston rod 5 of the jack 4 is fixed to one face of a mobile cross member 6 slidably mounted on the tie rods 3 by two lateral ears not shown.
  • On the opposite face of the cross-member 6 is fixed, in alignment with the piston rod 5, a rod-spacer 7 carrying at its free end a vertical plate 8, of rectangular shape.
  • a rod-spacer 9 aligned with the rod 7 and carrying at its free end a vertical plate 10 identical to the plate 8.
  • stop blocks 13 are removably fixed to the opposite ends of the support 11, opposite the crosspieces 2 and 6.
  • the support 11 has, in its lower horizontal wall 14, over the entire width, a rectangular transverse opening in which a horizontal cross member 15 is slidably mounted vertically.
  • the cross member 15 is pierced with a row of vertical holes crossed by vertical cores 16 parallels extending upwards a short distance from the upper horizontal wall of the support 11.
  • the lower ends of the cores 14 are integral with a horizontal crosspiece 17, the two ends of which are fixed at 18, for example using screw, on the underside of the wall 14.
  • a U-shaped stirrup 19 receiving the cross-member 17 between its two branches is fixed by the ends of its two branches to the underside of the cross-member 15.
  • the core of the stirrup 19 is integral with the piston rod 20 of a vertical cylinder 21 fixed by a support bracket 22 to the underside of the wall 14 of the support 11. All of the elements (bracket 19, cylinder 21, bracket 22) which project downwards on the bottom wall 14 of the support 11 are arranged in a pit 23.
  • a horizontal jack 24 is interposed between the stirrup 22 and the wall of the pit 23 to move, perpendicular to the plane of the plates 8 and 10, the support 11 and all of the parts mounted on it. support.
  • the cylinder 24 is controlled simultaneously with the cylinder 4 in the same direction as the latter, so that its piston rod moves at half the speed of the piston rod 5 of the cylinder 4 ..
  • the upper horizontal wall of the support 11 has an opening extending over the entire width and over a large part of the length, so as to leave only two crosspieces 25 and 26 at the two ends of the support 11. Inside this opening are mounted with two slides 27 and 28 operated in opposition, perpendicular to the planes of the plates 8 and 10, by two jacks 29 and 30.
  • a filling hopper 31 is mounted above the slide 28 so as to be mobile, under the action of a jack 32 mounted on the cross-member 2, relative to the slide 28, perpendicular to the planes of the plates / 8 and 10.
  • the two slides 27 and 28 have at the bottom, at their opposite ends, a stepped profile so as to define together, when in contact with each other, a trapezoidal groove.
  • the cross member 15 has for its part a complementary profile projecting upwards, in the form of a trapezoidal tongue.
  • the two vertical lateral sides of the support 11 also have a hollow trapezoidal profile and the other a raised trapezoidal profile (see FIG. 2).
  • These hollow and raised profiles form, on the edges of the tiles to be manufactured, tongues and grooves allowing the tiles to fit together during their assembly.
  • the shims 13 determine the thickness of the tile to be manufactured.
  • the change of the shims 13 therefore makes it possible to adapt the device in a simple and rapid manner to the production of tiles of different thicknesses.
  • the cores 16 and the cross member 15 can also be changed in a simple manner.
  • the cores 16 being fixed, it would also be possible to use retractable cores downwards and push the pressed tile back, after extraction of the cores, laterally outside the pressing cavity.
  • one of the cheeks delimiting laterally the pressing cavity should be removable and the opposite cheek should be movable under the action of a jack so as to push the tile out of the cavity by the open side.
  • the tiles when they are released from the pressing cavity, are practically stressed only in compression and in shear and not / not in. traction. This ensures a tear-free release and a self-cleaning effect on the surfaces delimiting the pressing cavity.
  • the pressing mode according to the invention can also be used for the manufacture of solid tiles, without the use of cores, which simplifies the pressing device as regards parts 15, 17, 19 and 22.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)

Abstract

The manufacture of tiles is effected by compressing powder in a cavity defined by two vertical plates (8, 10) forming the faces of the tile, and one (8) of which can move with respect to the other (10), perpendicularly to its plane, under the action of a cylinder (4) and by cheeks (15, 27, 28) forming the edges of the tile and capable of moving, under the action of a cylinder (24), jointly with the plate (28), at half-speed. One (15) of the cheeks can move under the action of a cylinder (21) parallel to the planes of the plates (8, 10) in order to remove the tile from the cavity. Application, in particular, to the manufacture of recessed tiles from a mixture of powder, plaster and gypsum. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention se rapporte à la fabrication de carreaux, panneaux et éléments de construction plats analogues, carrés ou rectangulaires, par pressage d'un mélange fluide de poudre peu humide dans une cavité de pressage définie par deux plateaux opposés formant les faces du carreau et par quatre joues formant les tranches du carreau.The present invention relates to the manufacture of tiles, panels and similar flat building elements, square or rectangular, by pressing a fluid mixture of low humidity powder in a pressing cavity defined by two opposite plates forming the faces of the tile and by four cheeks forming the edges of the tile.

A l'heure actuelle, les carreaux de plâtre du type à parements lisses par exemple selon la norme française NF-P-72301 sont fabriqués par coulée d'une masse liquide de plâtre et d'eau de gâchage dans des moules verticaux. Ce procédé de fabrication qui nécessite un séchage des carreaux moulés conduit à des carreaux d'une densité de 0,9 à 1.At present, plaster tiles of the smooth facing type, for example according to French standard NF-P-72301 are produced by pouring a liquid mass of plaster and mixing water into vertical molds. This manufacturing process, which requires drying the molded tiles, leads to tiles with a density of 0.9 to 1.

On a déjà envisagé, en vue de réduire le prix de revient des carreaux de plâtre, d'utiliser comme matière de départ un mélange de poudre peu humide de plâtre et de gypse, par exemple de phosphogypse, le carreau pressé ainsi obtenu ne nécessitant pas de séchage subséquent.It has already been envisaged, in order to reduce the cost price of plaster tiles, to use as starting material a mixture of not very wet powder of plaster and gypsum, for example of phosphogypsum, the pressed tile thus obtained not requiring subsequent drying.

Les procédés usuels de pressage d'éléments plats sont de deux types.The usual methods for pressing flat elements are of two types.

Selon les procédés du premier type, le pressage s'effectue entre deux plateaux horizontaux mobiles verticalement l'un par rapport à l'autre. Les dimensions (en projection horizontale) des presses utilisées sont directement fonction de la taille du carreau à fabriquer. La hauteur de ces presses doit .également être importante car le remplissage de la cavité de pressage nécessite une remontée suffisante du plateau supérieur pour permettre la mise en place d'un système de remplissage au-dessus de la cavité. Ces presses sont donc très encombrantes et doivent être de structure très rigide.According to the methods of the first type, the pressing is carried out between two horizontal plates movable vertically relative to one another. The dimensions (in horizontal projection) of the presses used are directly a function of the size of the tile to be manufactured. The height of these presses must also be significant since the filling of the pressing cavity requires a sufficient rise of the upper plate to allow the establishment of a filling system above the cavity. These presses are therefore very bulky and must be of very rigid structure.

En outre, des problèmes considérables se posent lorsqu'il s'agit de fabriquer des carreau creux par ces procédés. En effet, les carreaux obtenus par pressage d'un mélange de poudre de plâtre et de gypse ont une densité de l'ordre de 1,3 à 1,4 et doivent donc être allégés pour présenter, à épaisseur égale, une masse comparable à celle des carreaux moulés. Il est alors nécessaire de prévoir des noyaux horizontaux dans la cavité de pressage et la présence de ces noyaux complique considérablement le remplissage de la cavité par la poudre. En vue de l'obtention d'une répartition uniforme de la poudre dans la cavité de pressage, indispensable pour la fabrication d'un carreau de densité régulière il s'avère généralement nécessaire de procéder à un remplissage en deux étapes, avec un premier remplissage partiel de la partie inférieure de la cavité, avant introd-uction des noyaux dans cette dernière, et un second remplissage partiel de la partie supérieure de la cavité. Il en résulte en particulier une faible cadence de fabrication. Malgré cela, une mauvaise répartition de la poudre de part et d'autre des noyaux peut se produire et provoquer une flexion des noyaux au cours du pressage.In addition, considerable problems arise when it comes to manufacturing hollow tiles by these methods. Indeed, the tiles obtained by pressing a mixture of plaster powder and gypsum have a density of the order of 1.3 to 1.4 and must therefore be lightened to present, at equal thickness, a mass comparable to that of molded tiles. It is then necessary to provide horizontal cores in the pressing cavity and the presence of these cores considerably complicates the filling of the cavity with powder. In order to obtain a uniform distribution of the powder in the pressing cavity, essential for the manufacture of a regular density it generally proves necessary to carry out a filling in two stages, with a first partial filling of the lower part of the cavity, before introduction of the cores in the latter, and a second partial filling of the upper part of the cavity. This results in particular in a low production rate. Despite this, a poor distribution of the powder on either side of the cores can occur and cause bending of the cores during pressing.

Un deuxième type de procédés consiste à introduire la poudre dans une cavité de pressage délimitée par deux plateaux verticaux fixes espacés d'une distance correspondant à l'épaisseur du carreau à fabriquer et à presser la poudre entre deux joues opposées de la cavité définissant deux tranches opposées du carreau. Cela implique des plateaux de grande taille et une course de pressage très importante, donc une presse très encombrante. En cas de fabrication de carreaux creux, il est nécessaire d'utiliser des noyaux très longs. En outre, du fait que la cavité de pressage est très étroite, le remplissage de cette dernière est problématique. Le problème de remplissage régulier est particulièrement grave dans le cas d'une cavité de pressage encombrée par des noyaux, pour la fabrication de carreaux creux.A second type of process consists in introducing the powder into a pressing cavity delimited by two fixed vertical plates spaced by a distance corresponding to the thickness of the tile to be produced and in pressing the powder between two opposite cheeks of the cavity defining two slices opposite of the tile. This involves large platens and a very large pressing stroke, therefore a very bulky press. When making hollow tiles, it is necessary to use very long cores. In addition, because the pressing cavity is very narrow, the filling of the latter is problematic. The problem of regular filling is particularly serious in the case of a pressing cavity encumbered by cores, for the manufacture of hollow tiles.

Un autre inconvénient commun aux deux types de procédés décrits ci- dessus concerne le dégagement du carreau hors de la cavité de pressage. En effet, selon ces procédés, ce dégagement s'accompagne d'efforts de traction sur le carreau, provoquant des arrachement notamment sur les bords, et plus particulièrement au niveau des rainures et languettes dont les carreaux sont généralement munis sur leurs tranches, en vue de leur assemblage par emboîtement.Another drawback common to the two types of process described above relates to the release of the tile from the pressing cavity. Indeed, according to these methods, this release is accompanied by tensile forces on the tile, causing tearing in particular on the edges, and more particularly at the grooves and tongues with which the tiles are generally provided on their edges, in view of their interlocking assembly.

La présente invention a pour.objet un procédé et un dispositif de fabrication de carreaux, panneaux ou éléments de construction plats analogues, par pressage d'un mélange de poudre, ce procédé pouvant être mise en oeuvre d'une manière simple sur une presse compacte et fournissant des carreaux ayant une répartition de densité régulière, cela aussi bien sur des carreaux pleins que sur des carreaux creux. L'invention a également pour objet un procédé et un dispositif de fabrication de carreaux, panneaux et éléments plats analogues, permettant un dégagement du carreau hors de la cavité de pressage sans risque d'endommagement.The subject of the present invention is a method and a device for manufacturing tiles, panels or similar flat building elements, by pressing a powder mixture, this method being able to be carried out in a simple manner on a compact press. and providing tiles with a regular density distribution, both on solid tiles and on hollow tiles. The subject of the invention is also a method and a device for manufacturing tiles, panels and similar flat elements, allowing the tile to be released from the pressing cavity without risk of damage.

Suivant le procédé conforme à l'invention de fabrication de carreaux, panneaux et éléments de construction plats analogues, carrés ou rectangulaires, on effectue le pressage d-'un mélange fluide de poudre sèche ou peu humides dans une cavité de pressage définie par deux plateaux opposés formant les faces du carreau et quatre joues formant les tranches du carreau. On utilise une cavité de pressage ayant deux plateaux verticaux mobiles l'un par rapport à l'autre perpendiculairement à leurs plans. On amène les deux plateaux à une distance réciproque supérieure à la distance réciproque des faces du carreau à fabriquer. On remplit la cavité de pressage par gravité depuis le haut à l'aide de poudre. On rapproche les deux plateaux jusqu'à la distance réciproque des faces du carreau à fabriquer, pour presser la poudre. On relâche la pression sur les deux plateaux et on pousse le carreau hors du moule par translation parallèlement aux plans des deux plateaux.According to the process according to the invention for manufacturing tiles, panels and similar flat construction elements, square or rectangular, pressing is carried out of a fluid mixture of dry or not very wet powder in a pressing cavity defined by two plates opposites forming the sides of the square and four cheeks forming the edges of the square. A pressing cavity is used having two vertical plates movable relative to one another perpendicular to their planes. The two plates are brought to a reciprocal distance greater than the reciprocal distance of the faces of the tile to be manufactured. The pressing cavity is filled by gravity from the top with powder. The two plates are brought together up to the reciprocal distance from the faces of the tile to be manufactured, in order to press the powder. The pressure is released on the two plates and the tile is pushed out of the mold by translation parallel to the planes of the two plates.

En position de remplissage, les deux plateaux éloignés l'un de l'autre ménagent entre eux une distance suffisante pour permettre un remplissage régulier de la cavité de moule nécessaire pour l'obtention d'un carreau de densité uniforme. La course de pressage (perpendiculairement au plan du carreau) est très faible puisqu'elle correspond environ à l'épaisseur du carreau terminé. La presse peut donc être très compacte et de structure simple tout en présentant une très grande rigidité.In the filling position, the two plates distant from each other provide a distance between them sufficient to allow regular filling of the mold cavity necessary for obtaining a tile of uniform density. The pressing stroke (perpendicular to the plane of the tile) is very small since it corresponds approximately to the thickness of the finished tile. The press can therefore be very compact and of simple structure while having very high rigidity.

Pour la fabrication de carreaux, panneaux ou éléments de construction plats analogues creux, on utilise une cavité de pressage à noyaux verticaux. En effet, ces noyaux verticaux ne gênent pas le remplissage régulier de la cavité de pressage.For the production of tiles, panels or similar hollow flat building elements, a pressing cavity with vertical cores is used. Indeed, these vertical cores do not interfere with regular filling of the pressing cavity.

Pour le dégagement du carreau hors de la cavité de pressage garnie de noyaux verticaux, il est possible, les noyaux étant fixes par rapport à la cavité de moule, de pousser le carreau verticalement vers le haut hors de la cavité de pressage. Il est cependant possible également de rendre les noyaux mobiles par rapport à la cavité de moule et de les extraire vers le bas du carreau, et de pousser ensuite le carreau horizontalement hors de la cavité de pressage.For the release of the tile from the pressing cavity provided with vertical cores, it is possible, the cores being fixed relative to the mold cavity, to push the tile vertically upwards out of the pressing cavity. However, it is also possible to make the cores mobile relative to the mold cavity and to extract them towards the bottom of the tile, and then push the tile horizontally out of the pressing cavity.

Le dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé conforme à l'invention comprend une cavité de pressage délimitée par deux plateaux opposés correspondant aux faces du carreau et par quatre joues correspondant aux tranches du carreau. Les deux plateaux sont verticaux et l'un desdits plateaux est mobile par rapport à l'autre perpendiculairement à son plan. Les joues de la cavité de pressage sont montées sur un support mobile perpendiculairement aux plans des deux plateaux. Une joue au moins est escamotable et une joue opposée est mobile en translation parallèlement aux plans des plateaux à travers la cavité de pressage. Le dispositif comprend, en outre, des moyens de manoeuvre dudit plateau, des moyens de manoeuvre pour déplacer le support des joues conjointement avec le plateau mobile, à une vitesse et sur une course égales à la moitié de celles du plateau mobile, et des moyens de manoeuvre de ladite joue mobile. De plus, le dispositif comprend des moyens de remplissage situés au-dessus de la cavité de pressage.The device for implementing the method according to the invention comprises a pressing cavity delimited by two opposite plates corresponding to the faces of the tile and by four cheeks corresponding to the edges of the tile. The two plates are vertical and one of the plates is movable relative to the other perpendicular to its plane. The cheeks of the pressing cavity are mounted on a movable support perpendicular to the planes of the two plates. At least one cheek is retractable and an opposite cheek is movable in translation parallel to the planes of the plates through the pressing cavity. The device further comprises means for maneuvering said plate, maneuvering means for moving the cheek support jointly with the mobile plate, at a speed and over a stroke equal to half that of the mobile plate, and means for operating said movable cheek. In addition, the device comprises filling means located above the pressing cavity.

Pour la fabrication de carreaux creux, le dispositif conforme à l'invention peut comporter des noyaux faisant saillie verticalement de bas en haut dans la cavité de pressage. Ces noyaux sont montés sur le support des joues de manière à se déplacer conjointement avec ce support perpendiculairement aux plans des plateaux de pressage. Ainsi, les noyaux se trouvent toujours en position médiane entre les deux plateaux.For the manufacture of hollow tiles, the device according to the invention may include cores projecting vertically from bottom to top in the pressing cavity. These cores are mounted on the cheek support so as to move jointly with this support perpendicular to the planes of the pressing plates. Thus, the cores are always in the middle position between the two plates.

Les noyaux peuvent soit faire saillie à demeure dans la cavité de pressage, soit être rétractables vers le bas.The cores can either protrude permanently into the pressing cavity or be retractable downwards.

Suivant un mode de réalisation avantageux, la joue supérieure de la cavité de pressage est formée par deux coulisseaux montés sur le support mobile des joues de manière à être mobiles en opposition perpendiculairement aux plans des plateaux sous l'action de moyens de manoeuvre, entre deux _positions dans l'une desquelles les deux coulisseaux se rejoignent dans le plan médian de la cavité de pressage, et dans l'autre desquelles les deux coulisseaux ménagent entre eux une fente d'une largeur correspondant sensiblement à la distance entre les plateaux écartés au maximum en position de remplissage de la cavité de pressage.According to an advantageous embodiment, the upper cheek of the pressing cavity is formed by two slides mounted on the movable support of the cheeks so as to be movable in opposition perpendicular to the planes of the plates under the action of operating means, between two _positions in one of which the two sliders meet in the median plane of the pressing cavity, and in the other of which the two sliders provide between them a slit of a width corresponding substantially to the distance between the plateaus as far apart as possible in the filling position of the pressing cavity.

Lors du dégagement du carreau vers le bout de la cavité de pressage, les moyens de remplissage sont avantageusement constitués par une trémie mobile, sous l'action de moyens de manoeuvre, entre une position de remplissage dans laquelle la trémie se trouve au-dessus de la cavité de pressage définie par les plateaux écartés au maximum et une position dans laquelle la trémie /' dégage le dessus de la cavité de pressageWhen the tile is released towards the end of the pressing cavity, the filling means are advantageously constituted by a movable hopper, under the action of operating means, between a filling position in which the hopper is located above the pressing cavity defined by the plates separated as far as possible and a position in which the hopper / 'releases the top of the pressing cavity

La trémie peut être montée sur l'un desdits coulisseaux en étant mobile par rapport à ce dernier horizontalement et de préférence perpendiculairement aux plans des plateaux de sorte que dans la position dans laquelle la trémie dégage le dessus de la cavité de pressage, sa sortie est obturée par ce coulisseau.The hopper can be mounted on one of said slides while being movable relative to the latter horizontally and preferably perpendicularly to the planes of the plates so that in the position in which the hopper releases the top of the pressing cavity, its outlet is closed by this slide.

Pour permettre un adaptation simple de la presse à la fabrication de carreaux d'épaisseurs différentes, il est avantageux que des cales de butée remplaçables soient disposées entre le plateau mobile et le support mobile des joues, d'une part, et le support mobile de joues et le plateau fixe, d'autre part. Ces cales déterminent avec précision l'épaisseur des carreaux à fabriquer et leur remplacement par des cales d'épaisseurs différentes permet de passer d'une manière simple et rapide à la fabrication de carreaux d'épais seurs différentes.To allow a simple adaptation of the press to the production of tiles of different thicknesses, it is advantageous that replaceable stop blocks are placed between the movable plate and the movable support of the cheeks, on the one hand, and the movable support of cheeks and the fixed plate, on the other hand. These shims precisely determine the thickness of the tiles to be manufactured and their replacement by shims of different thicknesses makes it possible to move quickly and simply to the production of tiles of different thicknesses.

En se référant au dessin schématique annexé, on va décrire ci-après plus en détail un mode de réalisation illustratif et non limitatif de l'objet de l'invention; sur le dessin :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en élévation latérale partiellement en coupe, d'un dispositif de fabrication de carreaux par pressage;
  • la figure 2 est une coupe suivant II-II de la figure 1;
Referring to the appended schematic drawing, an illustrative and nonlimiting embodiment of the subject of the invention will be described below in more detail; on the drawing :
  • Figure 1 is a side elevational view partially in section, of a device for manufacturing tiles by pressing;
  • Figure 2 is a section along II-II of Figure 1;

Le dispositif illustré de pressage de carreaux creux à partir d'un mélange de poudre sèche de plâtre et de gypse comprend deux traverses 1, 2 fixes espacées, installées sur le sol. Les deux traverses 1 et 2 sont reliées entre elles à distance au-dessus du sol, par deux tirants 3 horizontaux parallèles (voir figure 2).The illustrated device for pressing hollow tiles from a mixture of dry plaster and gypsum powder comprises two fixed crossbeams 1, 2, installed on the floor. The two crosspieces 1 and 2 are connected to each other at a distance above the ground, by two parallel horizontal tie rods 3 (see FIG. 2).

Le cylindre d'un vérin horizontal 4 est fixé à la face de la traverse 1 tournée vers la traverse 2. La tige de piston 5 du vérin 4 est fixée à une face d'une traverse 6 mobile montée coulissante sur les tirants 3 par deux oreilles latérales non représentées. A la face opposée de la traverse 6 est fixée, en alignement avec la tige de piston 5, une tige-entretoise 7 portant à son extrémité libre un plateau 8 vertical, de forme rectangulaire.The cylinder of a horizontal jack 4 is fixed to the face of the cross member 1 facing the cross member 2. The piston rod 5 of the jack 4 is fixed to one face of a mobile cross member 6 slidably mounted on the tie rods 3 by two lateral ears not shown. On the opposite face of the cross-member 6 is fixed, in alignment with the piston rod 5, a rod-spacer 7 carrying at its free end a vertical plate 8, of rectangular shape.

A la face de la traverse 2 tournée vers la traverse 1 est fixée une tige-entretoise 9 alignée avec la tige 7 et portant à son extrémité libre un plateau vertical 10 identique au plateau 8.On the face of the cross member 2 facing the cross member 1 is fixed a rod-spacer 9 aligned with the rod 7 and carrying at its free end a vertical plate 10 identical to the plate 8.

Un support 11 ayant la forme générale d'un parallélépipède creux, ouver à deux extrémités opposées, est monté coulissant par des oreilles 12 (voir figure 2) sur les tirants 3, entre les traverses 2 et 6, de manière à entourer les plateaux 8 et 10. Des cales de butée 13 sont fixées de façon amovibit aux extrémités opposées du support 11, en face des traverses 2 et 6.A support 11 having the general shape of a hollow parallelepiped, open at two opposite ends, is slidably mounted by ears 12 (see FIG. 2) on the tie rods 3, between the crosspieces 2 and 6, so as to surround the plates 8 and 10. stop blocks 13 are removably fixed to the opposite ends of the support 11, opposite the crosspieces 2 and 6.

Le support 11 comporte, dans sa paroi horizontale inférieure 14, sur toute la largeur, une ouverture transversale rectangulaire dans laquelle est montée coulissante verticalement une traverse horizontale 15. La traverse 15 est percée d'une rangée de trous verticaux traversés par des noyaux verticaux 16 parallèles s'étendant vers le haut jusqu'à faible distance de la paroi horizontale supérieure du support 11. Les extrémités inférieures des noyaux 14 sont solidaires d'une traverse horizontale 17 dont les deux extrémités sont fixées en 18, par exemple à l'aide vis, à la face inférieure de la paroi 14.The support 11 has, in its lower horizontal wall 14, over the entire width, a rectangular transverse opening in which a horizontal cross member 15 is slidably mounted vertically. The cross member 15 is pierced with a row of vertical holes crossed by vertical cores 16 parallels extending upwards a short distance from the upper horizontal wall of the support 11. The lower ends of the cores 14 are integral with a horizontal crosspiece 17, the two ends of which are fixed at 18, for example using screw, on the underside of the wall 14.

Un étrier 19 en U recevant la traverse 17 entre ses deux branches est fixé par les extrémités de ses deux branches à la face inférieure de la traverse 15. L'âme de l'étrier 19 est solidaire de la tige de piston 20 d'un vérin vertical 21 fixé par un étrier de support 22 à la face inférieure de la paroi 14 du support 11. L'ensemble des éléments (étrier 19, vérin 21, étrier 22) qui font saillie vers le bas sur la paroi inférieure 14 du support 11 sont disposés dans une fosse 23. Un vérin 24 horizontal est intercalé entre l'étrier 22 et la paroi de la fosse 23 pour déplacer, perpendiculairement au plan des plateaux 8 et 10, le support 11 et l'ensemble des pièces montées sur ce support.A U-shaped stirrup 19 receiving the cross-member 17 between its two branches is fixed by the ends of its two branches to the underside of the cross-member 15. The core of the stirrup 19 is integral with the piston rod 20 of a vertical cylinder 21 fixed by a support bracket 22 to the underside of the wall 14 of the support 11. All of the elements (bracket 19, cylinder 21, bracket 22) which project downwards on the bottom wall 14 of the support 11 are arranged in a pit 23. A horizontal jack 24 is interposed between the stirrup 22 and the wall of the pit 23 to move, perpendicular to the plane of the plates 8 and 10, the support 11 and all of the parts mounted on it. support.

Il y a lieu de noter que le vérin 24 est commandé simultanément avec le vérin 4 dans le même sens que de dernier, de manière que sa tige de piston effectue un déplacement à la moitié de la vitesse de la tige de piston 5 du vérin 4..It should be noted that the cylinder 24 is controlled simultaneously with the cylinder 4 in the same direction as the latter, so that its piston rod moves at half the speed of the piston rod 5 of the cylinder 4 ..

La paroi horizontale supérieure du support 11 comporte une ouverture s'étendant sur toute la largeur et sur une grande partie de la longueur, de manière à ne laisser subsister que deux traverses 25 et 26 aux deux extrémités du support 11. A l'intérieur de cette ouverture sont montés deux coulisseaux 27 et 28 manoeuvrés en opposition, perpendiculairement aux plans des plateaux 8 et 10, par deux vérins 29 et 30.The upper horizontal wall of the support 11 has an opening extending over the entire width and over a large part of the length, so as to leave only two crosspieces 25 and 26 at the two ends of the support 11. Inside this opening are mounted with two slides 27 and 28 operated in opposition, perpendicular to the planes of the plates 8 and 10, by two jacks 29 and 30.

Une trémie de remplissage 31 est montée au-dessus du coulisseau 28 de manière à être mobile, sous l'action d'un vérin 32 monté sur la traverse 2, par rapport au coulisseau 28, perpendiculairement aux plans des plateaux/8 et 10.A filling hopper 31 is mounted above the slide 28 so as to be mobile, under the action of a jack 32 mounted on the cross-member 2, relative to the slide 28, perpendicular to the planes of the plates / 8 and 10.

Il convient de noter que les deux coulisseaux 27 et 28 présentent dans le bas, à leurs extrémités en regard, un profil étagé de manière à définir ensemble, lorsqu'ils sont en contact l'un avec l'autre, une rainure trapézoldale. La traverse 15 présente de son côté un profil complémentaire en saillie vers le haut, en forme de languette trapézoldale. Les deux côtés latéraux verticaux du support 11 présentent également l'un un profil trapézoïdal en creux et l'autre un profil trapézoidal en relief (voir figure 2).It should be noted that the two slides 27 and 28 have at the bottom, at their opposite ends, a stepped profile so as to define together, when in contact with each other, a trapezoidal groove. The cross member 15 has for its part a complementary profile projecting upwards, in the form of a trapezoidal tongue. The two vertical lateral sides of the support 11 also have a hollow trapezoidal profile and the other a raised trapezoidal profile (see FIG. 2).

Ces profils en creux et en relief forment, sur les tranches des carreaux à fabriquer, des languettes et rainures permettant l'emboîtement des carreaux lors de leur assemblage.These hollow and raised profiles form, on the edges of the tiles to be manufactured, tongues and grooves allowing the tiles to fit together during their assembly.

On va décrire ci-après le fonctionnement du dispositif tel qu'illustré par le dessin, en partant de la position représentée qui correspond à la position en fin de pressage, et en supposant que la cavité de pressage comprise entre les plateaux 8 et 10 est vide.We will describe below the operation of the device as illustrated in the drawing, starting from the position shown which corresponds to the position at the end of pressing, and assuming that the pressing cavity between the plates 8 and 10 is empty.

  • 1°) A l'aide des vérins 29 et 30, on actionne les deux coulisseaux 27 et 28 pour les écarter l'un de l'autre.1) Using the jacks 29 and 30, the two slides 27 and 28 are actuated to separate them from one another.
  • 2°) On fait reculer le plateau 8 à l'aide du vérin 4 (vers la gauche sur la figure 1) jusqu'à créer entre les deux plateaux 8 et 10 une cavité dont le volume correspond au volume de poudre nécessaire à la fabrication d'un carreau. En même temps, on déplace le support 11 vers la gauche, à l'aide du vérin 24, à mi-vitesse, de manière que les noyaux 16 restent toujours en position médiane entre les deux plateaux 8 et 10.2 °) the tray 8 is moved back using the jack 4 (to the left in FIG. 1) until creating between the two trays 8 and 10 a cavity whose volume corresponds to the volume of powder necessary for the manufacture of a tile. At the same time, the support 11 is moved to the left, using the jack 24, at mid-speed, so that the cores 16 always remain in the middle position between the two plates 8 and 10.
  • 3°) On fait avancer la trémie 31 remplie de poudre, à l'aide du vérin 32, vers la gauche sur la figure 1 au-dessus de la cavité de moule ouverte de ,manière que la cavité de moule se trouve remplie de poudre par gravité.3) Advance the hopper 31 filled with powder, using the jack 32, to the left in FIG. 1 above the open mold cavity so that the mold cavity is filled with powder by gravity.
  • 4°) On ramène les deux coulisseaux 27 et 28 l'un contre l'autre, à l'aide des vérins 29 et 30 pour fermer la cavité de moule.4 °) the two slides 27 and 28 are brought back one against the other, using jacks 29 and 30 to close the mold cavity.
  • 5°) On fait avancer le plateau 8 à l'aide du vérin 4 et, simultanément, on fait avancer le support 11 à mi-vitesse, jusqu'à ce que la traverse 6 soit en butée contre le support 11 et que le support 11 soit en butée contre la traverse 2, par l'intermédiaire des cales 13 (pressage). En même temps, on recule la trémie 31 à l'aide du vérin 32, en vue de son remplissage.5 °) Advance the plate 8 using the jack 4 and, simultaneously, advance the support 11 at mid-speed, until the cross-member 6 abuts against the support 11 and the support 11 is in abutment against the cross member 2, by means of shims 13 (pressing). At the same time, the hopper 31 is moved back using the jack 32, with a view to filling it.
  • 6°) Le carreau étant pressé, on écarte l'un de l'autre les deux coulisseaux 27 et 28, à l'aide des vérins 29 et 30, pour ouvrir la cavité de moule, et on relâche la pression sur les vérins 4 et 24, donc sur les plateaux 8 et 10.6 °) The tile being pressed, the two slides 27 and 28 are separated from one another, using the jacks 29 and 30, to open the mold cavity, and the pressure is released on the jacks 4 and 24, so on sets 8 and 10.
  • 7°) On fait monter la traverse 15 à l'aide du vérin 21 et de l'étrier 19, pour repousser le carreau pressé vers le haut hors de la cavité de la pressage, en démoulant les noyaux 16 qui-restent fixes.7 °) The cross member 15 is raised using the jack 21 and the stirrup 19, to push the pressed tile upwards out of the pressing cavity, by demolding the cores 16 which remain fixed.
  • 8°) On évacue par tout moyen approprié le carreau repoussé hors de la cavité de pressage.8 °) One evacuates by any suitable means the pushed tile out of the pressing cavity.
  • 9°) On fait redescendre la traverse 15 à l'aide du vérin 21.9 °) the cross member 15 is lowered using the jack 21.

On répète ensuite le cycle comprenant les étapes 2 à 9 pour chaque pressage d'un carreau.The cycle comprising steps 2 to 9 is then repeated for each pressing of a tile.

Les cales 13 déterminent l'épaisseur du carreau à fabriquer. Le changement des cales 13 permet donc d'adapter d'une manière simple et rapide le dispositif à la fabrication de carreaux d'épaisseurs différentes. Pour fabriquer des carreaux ayant des cavités différentes, on peut également changer d'une manière simple les noyaux 16 ainsi que la traverse 15. De plus, pour changer les formes des rainures et languettes et/ou la largeur des carreaux, il suffit de remplacer les pièces formant les tranches des carreaux. A cet effet, il est avantageux que les parties correspondantes des coulisseaux 27, 28 et des parois latérales du support 11 soient des pièces rapportées pour permettre leur remplacement en même temps que celle de la traverse 15.The shims 13 determine the thickness of the tile to be manufactured. The change of the shims 13 therefore makes it possible to adapt the device in a simple and rapid manner to the production of tiles of different thicknesses. To make tiles with different cavities, the cores 16 and the cross member 15 can also be changed in a simple manner. In addition, to change the shapes of the grooves and tongues and / or the width of the tiles, it is enough to replace the pieces forming the slices of the tiles. To this end, it is advantageous for the corresponding parts of the slides 27, 28 and of the side walls of the support 11 to be attached parts to allow their replacement at the same time as that of the crosspiece 15.

Au lieu de pousser le carreau vers le haut hors de la cavité de pressage à l'aide de la traverse 15, les noyaux 16 étant fixes, il serait également possible d'utiliser des noyaux rétractables vers le bas et de repousser le carreau pressé, après extraction des noyaux, latéralement hors de la cavité de pressage. Dans ce cas, l'une des joues délimitant latéralement la cavité de pressage devrait être amovible et la joue opposée devrait être mobile sous l'action d'un vérin de manière à pousser le carreau hors de la cavité par le côté ouvert.Instead of pushing the tile upwards out of the pressing cavity using the cross-member 15, the cores 16 being fixed, it would also be possible to use retractable cores downwards and push the pressed tile back, after extraction of the cores, laterally outside the pressing cavity. In this case, one of the cheeks delimiting laterally the pressing cavity should be removable and the opposite cheek should be movable under the action of a jack so as to push the tile out of the cavity by the open side.

En plus du relâchement de la pression sur les plateaux de pressage, avant la sortie du carreau hors de la cavité de pressage, il serait également possible de relâcher la pression sur les joues.In addition to the release of the pressure on the pressing plates, before the exit of the tile out of the pressing cavity, it would also be possible to release the pressure on the cheeks.

Il convient de noter que sur le dispositif suivant l'invention, les carreaux, au moment où ils sont dégagés hors de la cavité de pressage, ne sont sollicités pratiquement qu'en compression et en cisaillement et non/pas en. traction. Cela assure un dégagement sans arrachement et un effet d'auto- nettoyage des surfaces délimitant la cavité de pressage.It should be noted that on the device according to the invention, the tiles, when they are released from the pressing cavity, are practically stressed only in compression and in shear and not / not in. traction. This ensures a tear-free release and a self-cleaning effect on the surfaces delimiting the pressing cavity.

Il convient de noter qu'il est possible, dans le cadre de l'invention, de monter plusieurs cavités de pressage en série ou en parallèle.It should be noted that it is possible, within the framework of the invention, to mount several pressing cavities in series or in parallel.

Par ailleurs, il va de soi que le mode de pressage conforme à l'invention est utilisable également pour la fabrication de carreaux pleins, sans utilisation de noyaux, ce qui simplifie le dispositif de pressage en ce qui concerne les pièces 15, 17, 19 et 22.Furthermore, it goes without saying that the pressing mode according to the invention can also be used for the manufacture of solid tiles, without the use of cores, which simplifies the pressing device as regards parts 15, 17, 19 and 22.

Claims (9)

1. Procédé de fabrication de carreaux de plâtre creux, carrés ou rectangulaires, comportant sur leurs tranches des rainures et des languettes d'emboîtement, par pressage d'un mélange de poudre peu humide de gypse et de plâtre dans une cavité de pressage délimitée par deux plateaux verticaux opposés définissant les faces du carreau, par quatre joues définissant les tranches de carreau et par des noyaux verticaux faisant saillie dans la cavité de pressage, caractérisé par le fait que pour le remplissage de la cavité et pour le pressage du mélange, on écarte et on rapproche les deux plateaux l'un de l'autre perpendiculairement à leurs plans, et on maintient les noyaux en position médiane entre les deux plateaux.1. Method for manufacturing hollow, square or rectangular plaster tiles, having grooves and interlocking tabs on their edges, by pressing a mixture of low-humidity gypsum powder and plaster in a pressing cavity delimited by two opposite vertical plates defining the faces of the pane, by four cheeks defining the slices of pane and by vertical cores projecting into the pressing cavity, characterized in that for filling the cavity and for pressing the mixture, spreads and the two plates are brought closer to each other perpendicular to their planes, and the cores are maintained in the middle position between the two plates. 2. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait qu'on utilise des noyaux immobiles verticalement par rapport à la cavité de moule et qu'on pousse le carreau verticalement vers le haut hors de la cavité de pressage en démoulant les noyaux.2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the cores are used vertically stationary relative to the mold cavity and that the tile is pushed vertically upwards out of the pressing cavity by demolding the cores. 3. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait qu'on utilise des noyaux mobiles verticalement par rapport à la cavité de moule et qu'on les extrait vers le bas du carreau, et qu'on pousse ensuite le carreau horizontalement hors de la cavité de pressage.3. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that cores movable vertically with respect to the mold cavity are used and that they are extracted towards the bottom of the pane, and that the pusher is then pushed horizontally out of the pressing cavity. 4. Dispositif pour la fabrication de carreaux de plâtre ,creux, carrés ou rectangulaires, comportant sur leurs tranches des rainures et des languettes d'emboîtement, par pressage d'un mélange de poudre peu humide de gypse et de plâtre dans une cavité de pressage délimitée par deux plateaux verticaux opposés définissant les faces du carreau, par quatre joues définissant les tranches du carreau et par des noyaux verticaux faisant saillie dans la cavité de pressage, l'une au moins des joues étant amovible pour permettre de dégager le carreau de la cavité de pressage, caractérisé par le fait que l'un (10) des deux -plateaux (8, 10) est fixe et que l'autre plateau (8) est monté mobile par rapport au plateau fixe (10) perpendiculairement à son plan, que les deux plateaux (8, 10) sont entourés d'un support (11) creux, parallélépipédique, monté mobile perpendiculairement aux plans des plateaux et portant lesdites joues, qu'une joue (27, 28) au moins est escamotable et qu'une joue opposée (15) est mobile en translation parallèlement aux plans des plateaux à travers la cavité de pressage, et que le dispositif comprend des moyens de manoeuvre (4) pour déplacer ledit plateau mobile (8), des. moyens (24) pour déplacer ledit support (11) conjointement avec ledit plateau mobile (8) de manière à les maintenir à mi-distance entre les deux plateaux, et des moyens de manoeuvre (21) pour déplacer ladite joue mobile (15) à travers la cavité de pressage.4. Device for the manufacture of plaster tiles, hollow, square or rectangular, having grooves and interlocking tabs on their edges, by pressing a mixture of low-humidity gypsum powder and plaster in a pressing cavity delimited by two opposite vertical plates defining the faces of the tile, by four cheeks defining the edges of the tile and by vertical cores protruding into the pressing cavity, at least one of the cheeks being removable to allow the tile to be released from the pressing cavity, characterized in that one (10) of the two -plates (8, 10) is fixed and that the other plate (8) is mounted movable relative to the fixed plate (10) perpendicular to its plane , that the two plates (8, 10) are surrounded by a hollow support (11), parallelepiped, mounted movable perpendicular to the planes of the plates and carrying said cheeks, that one cheek (27, 28) is at least retractable and that '' an opposite cheek (15) is movable in translation parallel to the planes of the plates through the pressing cavity, and that the device comprises maneuvering means (4) for moving said mobile plate (8),. means (24) for moving said support (11) together with said movable plate (8) so as to keep them midway between the two plates, and operating means (21) for moving said movable cheek (15) to through the pressing cavity. 5. Dispositif suivant la revendication 4, caractérisé par le fait que les noyaux (16) font saillie à demeure, de bas en haut, dans la cavité de pressage, que la joue.supérieure de la cavité de pressage est formée par deux coulisseaux (27, 28) montés sur ledit support (11) de manière à être mobiles en opposition perpendiculairement aux plans des plateaux (8, 10) sous l'action de moyens de manoeuvre (29, 30), entre deux positions dans l'une desquelles les deux coulisseaux se rejoignent dans le plan médian de la cavité de pressage et dans l'autre desquelles les deux coulisseaux sont écartés, et que la joue inférieure (15) est mobile à travers la cavité de pressage pour dégager le carreau de cette dernière lorsque lesdits deux coulisseaux sont écartés.5. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the cores (16) protrude permanently, from bottom to top, in the pressing cavity, that the cheek.superior of the pressing cavity is formed by two slides ( 27, 28) mounted on said support (11) so as to be movable in opposition perpendicular to the planes of the plates (8, 10) under the action of operating means (29, 30), between two positions in one of which the two sliders meet in the median plane of the pressing cavity and in the other of which the two sliders are separated, and that the lower cheek (15) is movable through the pressing cavity to disengage the pane from the latter when said two slides are separated. 6. Dispositif suivant la revendication .5, caractérisé par le fait que lesdits deux coulisseaux présentent des profils définissant ensemble une tranche de carreau comportant une -languette d'emboîtement.6. Device according to claim .5, characterized in that said two sliders have profiles together defining a slice of tile comprising an interlocking tab. 7. Dispositif suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 4 à 6, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comprend des moyens de remplissage constitués par une trémie (31) mobile, sous l'action de moyens de manoeuvre (32), entre une position de remplissage dans lequelle la trémie se trouve au-dessus de la cavité de pressage définie par les plateaux écartés au maximum et une position dans lequelle la trémie dégage le dessus de la cavité de pressage.7. Device according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that it comprises filling means constituted by a hopper (31) movable, under the action of operating means (32), between a position filling in which the hopper is located above the pressing cavity defined by the plates separated at most and a position in which the hopper releases the top of the pressing cavity. 8. Dispositif suivant les revendications 6 et 7 caractérisé par le fait que la trémie est montée sur l'un (28) desdits coulisseaux en étant mobile horizontalement, de préférence perpendiculairement aux plans des plateaux (8, 10),entre une position de remplissage et une position dans lequelle ledit coulisseau (28) obture sa sortie.8. Device according to claims 6 and 7 characterized in that the hopper is mounted on one (28) of said slides while being movable horizontally, preferably perpendicular to the planes of the plates (8, 10), between a filling position and a position in which said slide (28) blocks its exit. 9. Dispositif suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 4 à 8, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comprend des cales (13) amovibles, d'épaisseurs différentes, échangeables, pour déterminer la position en fin de pressage du support (11) par rapport au plateau fixe (10) et du plateau mobile (8) par rapport au support (11), et que les moyens de manoeuvre (4, 24) du plateau mobile (8) et du support (11) sont constitués par des vérins.9. Device according to any one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that it comprises removable wedges (13), of different thicknesses, exchangeable, to determine the position at the end of pressing of the support (11) by relative to the fixed plate (10) and the movable plate (8) relative to the support (11), and that the operating means (4, 24) of the movable plate (8) and the support (11) are constituted by jacks .
EP85101036A 1984-02-02 1985-02-01 Process and device for making tiles, slabs and similar construction blocks by means of pressing a powder mixture Withdrawn EP0150859A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8401630A FR2559094B1 (en) 1984-02-02 1984-02-02 PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURING TILES, PANELS AND SIMILAR BUILDING ELEMENTS BY PRESSING A POWDER MIXTURE
FR8401630 1984-02-02

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0150859A2 true EP0150859A2 (en) 1985-08-07
EP0150859A3 EP0150859A3 (en) 1985-08-28

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Family Applications (1)

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EP85101036A Withdrawn EP0150859A3 (en) 1984-02-02 1985-02-01 Process and device for making tiles, slabs and similar construction blocks by means of pressing a powder mixture

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0150859A3 (en)
ES (1) ES8605708A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2559094B1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5154874A (en) * 1990-03-14 1992-10-13 Pro Mineral Gesellschaft Zur Verwendung Von Mineralstoffen Mbh Method of producing gypsum/fiber board, especially for floor boards
EP0729926A1 (en) * 1995-03-03 1996-09-04 Gyproc Benelux Process for producing gypsum building elements and gypsum building elements produced by said process

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE157522C (en) *
US2596602A (en) * 1948-05-17 1952-05-13 Jr Walter B Roddenbery Molding machine
US2821005A (en) * 1954-02-01 1958-01-28 Davis Clarence Guy Cement block making and forming press
FR1469851A (en) * 1966-02-22 1967-02-17 Apparatus intended for the prefabrication by serial casting of construction elements
FR2220990A5 (en) * 1973-03-05 1974-10-04 Lambert Freres & Cie Mould and method of mfg. plaster tiles - mould has pivotable sides and expandable base controlled by jacks

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE157522C (en) *
US2596602A (en) * 1948-05-17 1952-05-13 Jr Walter B Roddenbery Molding machine
US2821005A (en) * 1954-02-01 1958-01-28 Davis Clarence Guy Cement block making and forming press
FR1469851A (en) * 1966-02-22 1967-02-17 Apparatus intended for the prefabrication by serial casting of construction elements
FR2220990A5 (en) * 1973-03-05 1974-10-04 Lambert Freres & Cie Mould and method of mfg. plaster tiles - mould has pivotable sides and expandable base controlled by jacks

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5154874A (en) * 1990-03-14 1992-10-13 Pro Mineral Gesellschaft Zur Verwendung Von Mineralstoffen Mbh Method of producing gypsum/fiber board, especially for floor boards
EP0729926A1 (en) * 1995-03-03 1996-09-04 Gyproc Benelux Process for producing gypsum building elements and gypsum building elements produced by said process

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0150859A3 (en) 1985-08-28
FR2559094B1 (en) 1987-12-24
FR2559094A1 (en) 1985-08-09
ES8605708A1 (en) 1986-04-01
ES540049A0 (en) 1986-04-01

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