EP0143335B1 - Dispositif pour la fabrication de filaments ondulés à partir de tabac reconstitué - Google Patents
Dispositif pour la fabrication de filaments ondulés à partir de tabac reconstitué Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0143335B1 EP0143335B1 EP84112877A EP84112877A EP0143335B1 EP 0143335 B1 EP0143335 B1 EP 0143335B1 EP 84112877 A EP84112877 A EP 84112877A EP 84112877 A EP84112877 A EP 84112877A EP 0143335 B1 EP0143335 B1 EP 0143335B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- nozzle head
- insert
- tobacco
- outer sleeve
- edge
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
- B30B11/22—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor
- B30B11/221—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor extrusion dies
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/14—Forming reconstituted tobacco products, e.g. wrapper materials, sheets, imitation leaves, rods, cakes; Forms of such products
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for producing crimped fiber pieces from reprocessed tobacco of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1.
- DE-C-1 432 567 discloses a method and an apparatus for producing crimped fiber pieces from recycled tobacco, the thread-like intermediate products having to be subjected to a subsequent, very complex processing in order to obtain the desired crimped fiber pieces.
- the filiform intermediate products which have a circular cross section, have to be rolled into intermediate products with a flat cross section and then dried in an air dryer, which ultimately results in the crimped fiber pieces.
- DE-A-1 529 846 describes a press head for twin-screw extruders for processing plastic materials, in which a conical body is inserted into the nozzle bore of the press head housing.
- the body which tapered at the beginning and was made with a slight incline in its main part, contains a multiplicity of narrow channels delimited by webs on the circumference of the main part, through which the material is conveyed by the twin screw to a corresponding number of outlet openings arranged in a circle; the inner boundary of the channels in the core of the body and the outer boundary on the inner surface of the nozzle bore run towards the outlet openings at an acute angle, so that the channels taper continuously towards the outlet openings and a strand of material emerges from the channel at the outlet opening.
- a device for the production of crimped fiber pieces from reprocessed tobacco of the specified type is disclosed in EP-A-39647 and has a mixer for tobacco dust and / or tobacco waste, binders and optionally additives, an extruder for the mixture obtained, a nozzle head on the extruder for the production of thread-like intermediate products and a separating device for the emerging thread-like intermediate products arranged directly in front of the nozzle head.
- the reprocessed tobacco mass is pressed together by the screw of an extruder in a tapered outlet area and then pressed through a nozzle plate in front of which a cutting knife is arranged.
- the disadvantage here is the relatively high cleaning effort, since the entire device must be taken apart for the thorough cleaning of this extruder.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a device for producing crimped fiber pieces from reprocessed tobacco of the type specified, in which crimped fiber pieces with the desired dimensions result without great additional effort.
- the advantages achieved with the invention are based in particular on the fact that when the individual thread-like intermediate products leaving the nozzle head are cut, the desired, crimped fiber pieces immediately result, the dimensions and their behavior of which, in particular in the cigarette manufacturing machine, are matched to the corresponding properties of the cut tobacco that, for example, they can be sent to cigarette production immediately, i.e. they do not have to go through tobacco preparation.
- the streamlined design of the nozzle head which is achieved by the process step of shaping the plastic, strand-like tobacco mass into a thin-walled tube, results in a substantial reduction in the risk of clogging, that is to say that such an extruder can be operated with relatively long maintenance intervals because of a fault only rarely occurs.
- the thin-walled tube is cut into individual threads only immediately before leaving the device according to the invention, which results in thread-like, crimped intermediate products due to the guidance of the plastic mass and the angle of the insert, which only need to be separated into the individual, crimped fiber pieces, before the crimp is reduced or eliminated by the weight of the thread-like intermediate products, which increases with their length.
- the thin outlet grooves and the entire nozzle head can be easily cleaned, since only the insert has to be removed and all surfaces to be cleaned are then easily accessible.
- a simple round-strand die head of a conventional laboratory extrusion can also be used be converted to produce the crimped fiber pieces by attaching such an insert directly in the mouth of the nozzle head, for example screwed.
- exit grooves should be designed in such a way that the cross-section of the exiting, thread-like intermediate products deviates as much as possible from the circular cross-section, since a very strong twisting or crimping of the tobacco threads can be achieved by the internal stresses of the product during cooling from the plastic to the solid state .
- a particularly good crimp of the fiber pieces results if they have a flat, rectangular to slightly lenticular cross-section when they emerge from the nozzle head and are cut into pieces of approx. 10 to 20 mm long by a rotating knife immediately before the crimp occurs the weight of the crimped fiber pieces, which increases with the fiber length, is smoothed (pulled straight).
- a further improvement in the crimping of the fiber pieces can be achieved by designing the rotating knives or the receiving device for the rotating knives in a propeller-like manner. Due to the turbulent air turbulence and the mechanical stress on impact with the propeller-shaped knives, the still formable fiber sections are given an even more irregular, spatial contour.
- the finished, crimped fiber pieces have a humidity of approx. 10 to 12% after cooling from the temperature between 130 and 160 ° C, as is usually the case in the nozzle head, to the ambient temperature, so that no additional drying process is necessary.
- the crimped fiber pieces should have a thickness of 0.1 to 0.3 mm, in particular 0.15 to 0.25 mm, a width of 0.4 to 3 mm, in particular 0.6 to 1.5 mm, and an elongated length from 5 to 40 mm, in particular 8 to 20 mm; They can be made from tobacco particles with a maximum particle size of 0.5 mm (that is, tobacco particles that pass through a sieve with a mesh size of 0.5 mm) with the addition of binders and the additives customary in tobacco processing and without further treatment for cutting or Smoking tobacco can be added.
- the device shown in FIG. 1, generally indicated by reference number 10, for producing crimped fiber pieces from reprocessed tobacco has a mixer 12 with a housing 14 and a rotating mixing tool 16, which is rotated via a drive motor 18.
- the mixer 12 is supplied with the components required for the reprocessing of tobacco dust and / or tobacco waste, namely the tobacco dust, binder, water and the additives customary in the tobacco industry, for example flavorings, fillers, fire-influencing substances, color-influencing substances etc.
- the mixed, pulverulent raw material discharged from the mixer 12 passes via a hopper 22 into an extruder 20, at the nozzle head 24 of which thread-like intermediate products emerge. These thread-like intermediate products of the nozzle head 24 are cut into the crimped tobacco threads by a rotating knife 26, which is rotated by a drive motor 28.
- the nozzle head 24 of the extruder 20 has a stepped, cylindrical outlet sleeve 30, which consists of a cylindrical inlet region 30a and a subsequent cylindrical outlet region 30b, which has a larger inner diameter than the inlet region 30a.
- An insert 32 which can be seen in particular in FIG. 5, is arranged in the outlet sleeve 30 of the nozzle head 24.
- This insert 32 has a cylindrical inlet area 32a, the outer diameter of which is somewhat smaller than the inner diameter of the inlet area 30a of the outlet sleeve 30, an adjoining, approximately cylindrical transition area 32b and a frustoconically widening end area 32c, the end face of which is flush with the end face of the outlet sleeve 30.
- the cylindrical inlet region 32a of the insert 32 is hollow, that is to say it has a cylindrical, continuous bore 32d, as can be seen in FIGS. 2 and 5.
- the transition region 32b and the beginning of the frustoconical end region 32c are provided with four axially extending elongated holes 32e (see also FIG. 6) which connect the bore 32d to the outer surface of this region of the insert 32.
- the end region of the end region 32c lying again on a cylinder surface in the illustrated embodiment is flat, rectangular to slightly lenticular outlet grooves 34 (see also Figures 3 and 4).
- the frustoconical end region 32c has an opening angle of approximately 30 to 120 °, ie if, according to the illustration in FIGS. 2 and 5, the conical surface extends at an angle of approximately 15 to 60 ° to the cylinder axis . Particularly good results were obtained at an angle of 22.5 ° between the cylinder axis and the frustoconical surface.
- the insert 32 is screwed into the outlet sleeve 30 by means of the hexagon 36, which in turn is then screwed into the mouth of the nozzle head 24 of a suitable extruder.
- the plasticized, tubular mass has a movement component running perpendicular to the cylinder axis, so that continuous, crimped threads emerge from the lenticular exit grooves 34, which split the thin-walled tube into individual threads, as can be seen in FIGS. 2 and 7.
- the recycled tobacco mass therefore leaves the nozzle head 24 or, in a laboratory extruder, the outlet sleeve 30 as a thread-like, crimped intermediate product, which is cut by the rotating, propeller-like knife 26 into the crimped, short pieces of fiber before the crimping increases with the length of the threads Dead weight is reduced again or canceled entirely.
- the filamentary intermediate products can also be divided into the crimped fiber pieces by a sharp jet from a fluid medium, for example an air jet.
- the condition ⁇ ⁇ a 90 ° must be fulfilled.
- exit edge between the exit grooves 34 on the one hand and the end face of the insert 32 on the other hand should be designed as a flow separation edge and therefore as sharp as possible.
- the exit edge of the cylindrical outer sleeve 30 or of the nozzle head 24 opposite this sharp-edged tear-off edge is rounded and has a radius of 0.3 mm to 5 mm, in particular 0.1 mm to 2 mm; a radius of 0.7 mm is indicated in FIG.
- the end face of the outer sleeve 30 or of the nozzle head 24 should be designed in such a way that the “tobacco thread” indicated by dash-dotted lines can curl outward without interference. In the embodiment according to FIG. 9, this is achieved by turning the end face.
- the plasticized tobacco mass enters the gap between the conical insert 32 and the outer sleeve 30 or the nozzle head 24 on the other hand at a relatively low speed and becomes faster when the lenticular exit grooves 34 are reached accelerates.
- the sharp-edged flow separation edge on the insert 32 and the rounded edge on the nozzle head 24 or on the outer sleeve 30 cause the emerging tobacco thread to lie against the rounded edge and thereby be deflected outwards; this results in a strong, unimpeded crimp, which leads to the desired shapes of the fiber pieces.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Cigar And Cigarette Tobacco (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Claims (13)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT84112877T ATE28259T1 (de) | 1983-10-28 | 1984-10-25 | Vorrichtung zur herstellung von gekraeuselten faserstuecken aus wiederaufbereitetem tabak. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3339247 | 1983-10-28 | ||
DE3339247A DE3339247C1 (de) | 1983-10-28 | 1983-10-28 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von gekraeuselten Faserstuecken aus wiederaufbereitetem Tabak |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0143335A1 EP0143335A1 (fr) | 1985-06-05 |
EP0143335B1 true EP0143335B1 (fr) | 1987-07-15 |
Family
ID=6213018
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP84112877A Expired EP0143335B1 (fr) | 1983-10-28 | 1984-10-25 | Dispositif pour la fabrication de filaments ondulés à partir de tabac reconstitué |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4598721A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0143335B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE28259T1 (fr) |
DE (2) | DE3339247C1 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES8506430A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (24)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4724850A (en) * | 1986-02-05 | 1988-02-16 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Process for providing tobacco extender material |
US4880018A (en) * | 1986-02-05 | 1989-11-14 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Extruded tobacco materials |
US4730629A (en) * | 1986-03-17 | 1988-03-15 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Process for providing tobacco extender material |
US4702264A (en) * | 1986-08-11 | 1987-10-27 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Tobacco leaf processing |
US4768527A (en) * | 1987-01-23 | 1988-09-06 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Tobacco material processing |
US4821749A (en) * | 1988-01-22 | 1989-04-18 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Extruded tobacco materials |
DE3819534C1 (fr) * | 1988-06-08 | 1989-12-07 | B.A.T. Cigarettenfabriken Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg, De | |
US5129409A (en) * | 1989-06-29 | 1992-07-14 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Extruded cigarette |
US5271728A (en) * | 1989-11-21 | 1993-12-21 | Buhler Ag | Apparatus with detachable teeth for pressing out raw materials |
DE4005656C2 (de) * | 1990-02-22 | 1994-05-26 | Bat Cigarettenfab Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung einer Tabak-Folie |
DE4117307C1 (fr) * | 1991-05-27 | 1992-06-04 | B.A.T. Cigarettenfabriken Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg, De | |
IL104930A (en) * | 1992-03-25 | 1995-12-31 | Reynolds Tobacco Co R | Components for smoking articles and their manufacture |
DE4218666C1 (de) * | 1992-06-05 | 1993-12-16 | Bat Cigarettenfab Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Strukturierung von Tabakmaterialien |
DE59506845D1 (de) * | 1995-01-28 | 1999-10-21 | Friedrich Priehs | Verfahren zur herstellung eines rauchbaren tabakproduktes |
DE10007485A1 (de) * | 2000-02-18 | 2001-08-23 | Hauni Maschinenbau Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Verwertung von Tabakstaub |
GB0011351D0 (en) * | 2000-05-12 | 2000-06-28 | British American Tobacco Co | Tobacco reconstitution |
DE10065132A1 (de) * | 2000-12-29 | 2002-07-04 | Hauni Maschinenbau Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Agglomeraten und entsprechendes Agglomerat |
EP2713778B2 (fr) | 2011-05-31 | 2022-09-21 | Philip Morris Products S.A. | Tiges pour une utilisation dans des articles à fumer |
ITRM20130684A1 (it) * | 2013-12-12 | 2015-06-13 | Stefano Bolla | Contenitore ecocompatibile per riciclaggio mozziconi di sigaretta. |
US10897925B2 (en) | 2018-07-27 | 2021-01-26 | Joseph Pandolfino | Articles and formulations for smoking products and vaporizers |
US20200035118A1 (en) | 2018-07-27 | 2020-01-30 | Joseph Pandolfino | Methods and products to facilitate smokers switching to a tobacco heating product or e-cigarettes |
KR102389825B1 (ko) * | 2018-10-17 | 2022-04-25 | 주식회사 케이티앤지 | 에어로졸 생성 물품 |
CN110301676A (zh) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-10-08 | 广东中烟工业有限责任公司 | 一种防止烟丝掉落的加热不燃烧烟草基体及其应用 |
CN112971198A (zh) * | 2019-12-02 | 2021-06-18 | 秦皇岛烟草机械有限责任公司 | 一种新型滚刀式烟草切丝机刀辊体 |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3209763A (en) * | 1961-04-05 | 1965-10-05 | Lorillard Co P | Method for making tobacco products |
DE1529846A1 (de) * | 1961-07-11 | 1970-01-02 | Deutsche Grammophon Gmbh | Presskopf fuer Doppelschneckenextruder |
GB983928A (en) * | 1962-05-03 | 1965-02-24 | British American Tobacco Co | Improvements relating to the production of tobacco smoking materials |
US3313003A (en) * | 1963-10-04 | 1967-04-11 | Brown & Williamson Tobacco | Extrusion dies for plastic materials |
US3298062A (en) * | 1964-05-07 | 1967-01-17 | Brown & Williamson Tobacco | Extrusion dies |
GB1444816A (en) * | 1972-12-22 | 1976-08-04 | Tamag Basel Ag | Extruder nozzle for moulding tobacco pulp |
LU74233A1 (fr) * | 1976-01-23 | 1977-07-27 | ||
FR2481891A1 (fr) * | 1980-05-06 | 1981-11-13 | Creusot Loire | Dispositif de fabrication de filaments de tabac |
-
1983
- 1983-10-28 DE DE3339247A patent/DE3339247C1/de not_active Expired
-
1984
- 1984-10-25 DE DE8484112877T patent/DE3464687D1/de not_active Expired
- 1984-10-25 AT AT84112877T patent/ATE28259T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1984-10-25 EP EP84112877A patent/EP0143335B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1984-10-26 ES ES537079A patent/ES8506430A1/es not_active Expired
- 1984-10-29 US US06/665,838 patent/US4598721A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE28259T1 (de) | 1987-08-15 |
US4598721A (en) | 1986-07-08 |
ES537079A0 (es) | 1985-08-01 |
EP0143335A1 (fr) | 1985-06-05 |
DE3464687D1 (en) | 1987-08-20 |
ES8506430A1 (es) | 1985-08-01 |
DE3339247C1 (de) | 1985-05-09 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP0143335B1 (fr) | Dispositif pour la fabrication de filaments ondulés à partir de tabac reconstitué | |
DE3805569C2 (fr) | ||
DE2426492C2 (de) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum kontinuierlichen Herstellen von gestreiften Seifenstücken | |
DE69011468T2 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Platten. | |
DE102004059388B4 (de) | Zerfaserung von Tabakmaterial | |
EP1827142B1 (fr) | Defibrage de matieres premieres du tabac | |
WO2000040384A1 (fr) | Procede et dispositif pour produire en continu des corps moules | |
EP0979719A2 (fr) | Procédé et extrudeuse de plastification pour produire des compositions polymères renforcées par des fibres | |
DE1729301B2 (fr) | ||
DE1132896B (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung von koernigen oder zylinderfoermigen Granulaten | |
EP0113402B1 (fr) | Procédé et dispositif pour la fabrication d'un propergol mono- ou multi-base | |
DE3343788A1 (de) | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur trennung von produkten oder werkstoffmischungen aus faserigen werkstoffen und nichtfaserigen werkstoffen | |
CH434700A (de) | Granuliervorrichtung, insbesondere für thermoplastische Kunststoffe und Verfahren zu ihrem Betrieb | |
EP0629722B1 (fr) | Bande fibreuse comprenant des rubans multiples et procédé et dispositif pour la production | |
DE3044535A1 (de) | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung mehrschichtiger kunststoffprofile, insbesondere kunststoffrohre | |
DE2359282B2 (de) | Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Profilen aus geschäumten Thermoplasten | |
DE102007040536A1 (de) | Formgebungswerkzeug | |
DE1517290A1 (de) | Verfahren zur Nutzbarmachung und Veredelung von Tabakstaub und anderem Tabakabfall | |
DE2841652A1 (de) | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum einspritzen von fluessigkeiten in eine reinigungsmittelmasse | |
DE3500067A1 (de) | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung verbrennbarer huelsen auf nitrozellulose-basis als munitionsformteil fuer rohrwaffen | |
DE69212748T2 (de) | Apparat zum Rekuperieren heterogener Abfälle, insbesonderen heterogener Kunststoff-Abfälle | |
EP0197550B1 (fr) | Vis sans fin pour extrudeuse à vis unique | |
EP0524379B1 (fr) | Filaments contenant du tabac ainsi que leurs procédé et appareil pour les fabriquer | |
DE3044577C2 (de) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von Treibladungspulver | |
DE3421634A1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von packmaterialkoerpern |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Designated state(s): AT CH DE FR GB IT LI NL |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19850507 |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19860425 |
|
ITF | It: translation for a ep patent filed |
Owner name: BARZANO' E ZANARDO MILANO S.P.A. |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AT CH DE FR GB IT LI NL |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 28259 Country of ref document: AT Date of ref document: 19870815 Kind code of ref document: T |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 3464687 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 19870820 |
|
ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed | ||
ITTA | It: last paid annual fee | ||
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 19921015 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 19921016 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AT Payment date: 19921028 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Payment date: 19921031 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CH Payment date: 19921118 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Effective date: 19931025 Ref country code: AT Effective date: 19931025 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LI Effective date: 19931031 Ref country code: CH Effective date: 19931031 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Effective date: 19940501 |
|
NLV4 | Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19931025 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Effective date: 19940630 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 19941027 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Effective date: 19960702 |