EP0136594B1 - Electro-aimant - Google Patents

Electro-aimant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0136594B1
EP0136594B1 EP84110661A EP84110661A EP0136594B1 EP 0136594 B1 EP0136594 B1 EP 0136594B1 EP 84110661 A EP84110661 A EP 84110661A EP 84110661 A EP84110661 A EP 84110661A EP 0136594 B1 EP0136594 B1 EP 0136594B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
angled
pole
armature
poles
conductive section
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84110661A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0136594A2 (fr
EP0136594A3 (fr
Inventor
Hans Dipl.-Ing. Kubach
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP0136594A2 publication Critical patent/EP0136594A2/fr
Publication of EP0136594A3 publication Critical patent/EP0136594A3/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0136594B1 publication Critical patent/EP0136594B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0689—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means and permanent magnets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0614—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of electromagnets or fixed armature
    • F02M51/0617—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of electromagnets or fixed armature having two or more electromagnets
    • F02M51/0621—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of electromagnets or fixed armature having two or more electromagnets acting on one mobile armature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/02—Permanent magnets [PM]
    • H01F7/04—Means for releasing the attractive force
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/20—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets without armatures
    • H01F7/206—Electromagnets for lifting, handling or transporting of magnetic pieces or material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/20—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets without armatures
    • H01F7/206—Electromagnets for lifting, handling or transporting of magnetic pieces or material
    • H01F2007/208—Electromagnets for lifting, handling or transporting of magnetic pieces or material combined with permanent magnets

Definitions

  • the invention is based on an electromagnet according to the preamble of one of claims 1, 2 or 3.
  • An electromagnet is already known (DE-A-25 01 629), in which the electromagnet flow leads beyond the permanent magnet to the guide sections by means of the pole parts is, with guide sections and pole parts in the area of the permanent magnet having large cross sections. Large cross sections and long paths for the electromagnetic flow not only lead to an undesirable increase in eddy current losses, but also to an undesirably large electromagnet.
  • An electromagnetically actuated valve has also already been proposed, in which the armature assumes a position at a distance from the core in the non-energized state, while the armature is pulled toward the core in the case of electromagnetic excitation.
  • Such a configuration is not desirable in many areas of application, because e.g. when used as an outward opening injection valve in this case, the electromagnet system must be constantly excited to close the valve.
  • the core is formed from a first pole part 1 and a second pole part 2 made of soft iron, each of which rests approximately parallel to another end of a permanent magnet 3.
  • the first pole part 1 has an angled first guide section 4 and the second pole part 2 has an angled second guide section 5.
  • the first guide section 4 and the second guide section 5 run towards one another in such a way that they delimit an air gap 6 between them.
  • a first magnet coil 8 is arranged on the first pole part 1 and a second magnet coil 9 is arranged on the second pole part 2.
  • First guide section 4 and second guide section 5 run between permanent magnet 3 and magnet coils 8 and 9.
  • first pole part 1 ends in a first pole 10 and second pole part 2 ends in a second pole 11.
  • An armature 12 made of soft magnetic material is mounted near the poles 10, 11 so that it can perform an axial movement.
  • the poles 10, 11 are appropriately fed onto the armature 12 in such a way that the field lines can run as cheaply as possible.
  • the poles 10, 11 can be provided with an inclination directed towards one another and have a concave surface 13 on the poles 10 and 14 on the pole 11 which extends over both poles 10, 11 and which faces a convex surface 15 of the armature 12.
  • the armature 12 can be connected to a movable valve part 17 of a fuel injection valve for fuel injection systems of internal combustion engines, which is not otherwise shown, via which fuel can be injected into the intake manifold of internal combustion engines in a known manner.
  • the movable valve part 17 is made of non-magnetic material and has a sealing part 18 which cooperates with a valve seat 19 in a valve seat body 20 made of non-magnetic material.
  • the valve seat body 20 is inserted into a valve housing, not shown. Upstream of the valve seat 19, a flow bore 21 is provided in the valve seat body 20, through which a pin 22 of the armature 12 projects, which is fastened in a fastening bore 23 of the valve part 17.
  • the pin 22 is preferably inserted into the fastening bore 23 up to the end face 24 of the valve part 17 and welded to the valve part 17 at 25.
  • the valve stroke, ie the stroke of the interconnected elements 12, 17 can be determined in the desired manner by suitable axial assignment of armature 12 and valve part 17.
  • a flat stop surface 26 is provided on the armature 12, which comes into contact with the valve seat body 20 when the sealing part 18 is lifted off the valve seat 19.
  • the flow cross-section 30 can be designed to be throttling and thus the metering serve.
  • a narrow cylindrical guide section 31 on the pin 22, which projects into the flow bore 21 with a close fit, can be used for the radial centering of armature 12 and valve part 17.
  • the armature 12 rests with its stop surface 26 on the valve seat body 20, and fuel can enter an annular gap 32 via the open valve seat 19 as a fuel film of the same thickness all round, which is between the with A spherical shape of the surface of the sealing part 18 and a spray opening 33 which adjoins the valve seat 19 in the valve seat body 20 in the direction of flow is formed with an expanding diameter, in which it flows outwards on the surface of the sealing part and mixes with the ambient air which flows after the tearing off of the cone-shaped fuel film upon reaching the sharp-edged end face 24 of the sealing part 18 likewise mixes with the fuel from the inside.
  • the flux 0p of the permanent magnet 3 is split into the components 0 ⁇ p1 and 0p 2 .
  • the flow 0 ⁇ P1 leads over the guide sections 4, 5 and the air gap 6, while the flow 0p 2 leads over the pole parts 1, 2 with the poles 10, 11 and the armature 12.
  • the armature 12 is thus attracted by the flux 0p 2 , for example with the saturation flux 0 2sat , and bears against the poles 10, 11.
  • the guide sections 4, 5 with the air gap 6 are required because the permanent magnet 3 conducts the electromagnetic flux 0 1 only with difficulty.
  • the electromagnetic flux 0 j arises from the application of a current i to each of the magnetic coils 8, 9 and in this case runs via the armature 12 in the opposite direction of the permanent magnetic flux 0p 2 .
  • the armature 12 is acted upon in the direction of the poles 10, 11 when a valve is formed in accordance with FIG.
  • the armature 12 will then lift off the poles 10, 11 when the electromagnetic flux 0 j is approximately equal to the component of the permanent flux 0p 2 .
  • the valve part 17 is lifted off the valve seat 19 and the injection valve shown in FIG. 5 opens.
  • the electromagnetic flux 0 can be limited by saturation in the guide sections 4, 5.
  • the parts that remain the same and have the same effect as in the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 1 are identified by the same reference numerals. 2 differs from the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1 in terms of structural design in that the permanent magnet 3 'connects the pole parts 1, 2 between the poles 10, 11 and the magnet coils 8, 9 and the magnet coils 8, 9 to the Pole parts 1, 2 are arranged between the permanent magnet 3 'and the guide sections 4, 5.
  • the guide sections 4, 5 with the air gap 6 are required here so that the permanent magnet 3 'is not short-circuited.
  • a second permanent magnet 35 connecting the pole parts 1, 2 is additionally provided between the magnet coils 8, 9 and the poles 10, 11 in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG.
  • the fluxes of both permanent magnets 3, 35 significantly smaller cross sections of the pole parts 1, 2 are required in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3 than in the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • FIGS. 1 and 3 each show the armature 12 in a position in which it has dropped from the poles 10, 11 and thus opens a fuel injection valve designed according to FIG. 5.
  • the area around the air gap 6 at the guide sections 4, 5 can be made of a magnetic material with a large negative temperature coefficient of the saturation induction.
  • a magnet arrangement derives less permanent magnetic flux at high temperatures.
  • such a material, which is operated in the saturation region can be arranged parallel to the air gap 6 in a manner not shown. It is more economical to saturate the saturated temperature-dependent magnetic conductor only in an area adjacent to the unsaturated magnetic conductor, in that at least one of the guide sections 4, 5 has a profile 36 provided on its end face facing the other guide section. The saturated tips 36 conduct as desired at higher temperatures less permanent magnetic flux.
  • the electromagnetic flux 0 Since the saturation characteristic is not pronounced due to the flat saturation range, the electromagnetic flux 0 ; flow relatively easily in the sense of additional saturation.
  • the resistance that the electromagnetic flux 0; of the saturated material is greater at a higher temperature, so that 0 decreases at a high temperature similar to the permanent flow.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)

Claims (9)

1. Electro-aimant, notamment pour commander une soupape d'injection de carburant pour des installations d'injection de carburant de moteur à combustion interne, avec une armature (12) et un noyau (1, 2) en un matériau magnétique doux, ce noyau (1, 2) étant constitué par une première pièce polaire (1) disposée d'un côté d'un aimant permanent (3) et portant une première bobine magnétique (8), et par une deuxième pièce polaire (2) disposée de l'autre côté de l'aimant permanent (3) et portant une deuxième bobine magnétique (9), la première pièce polaire (1) comportant un premier pôle (10) tourné vers l'armature (12) ainsi qu'une première partie conductrice coudée (4), tandis que la deuxième pièce polaire (2) comporte un deuxième pôle (11) tourné vers l'armature (12) ainsi qu'une deuxième partie conductrice coudée (5), la première partie conductrice (4) et la deuxième partie conductrice (5) s'étendant en direction l'une de l'autre et délimitant entre elles un intervalle (6), électro-aimant caractérisé en ce que les parties conductrices coudées (4, 5) des pièces polaires (1, 2) sont disposées entre les bobines magnétiques (8, 9) et l'aimant permanent (3), tandis que les bobines magnétiques (8, 9) sur les pièces polaires (1, 2) sont disposées entre les pôles (10, 11) et les parties conductrices coudées (4, 5).
2. Electro-aimant, notamment pour commander une soupape d'injection de carburant pour des installations d'injection de carburant de moteurs à combustion interne, avec une armature (12) et un noyau (1, 2) en un matériau magnétique doux, ce noyau (1, 2) étant constitué par une première pièce polaire (1) disposée d'un côté d'un aimant permanent (3) et portant une première bobine magnétique (8), et par une deuxième pièce polaire (2) disposée de l'autre côté de l'aimant permanent (3) et portant une deuxième bobine magnétique (9), la première pièce polaire (1) comportant un premier pôle (10) tourné vers l'armature (12), ainsi qu'une première partie conductrice coudée (4), tandis que la deuxième pièce polaire (2) comporte un deuxième pôle (11) tourné vers l'armature (12) ainsi qu'une deuxième partie conductrice coudée (5), la première partie conductrice (4) et la deuxième partie conductrice (5) s'étendant en direction l'une de l'autre et délimitant entre elles un intervalle (6), électro-aimant caractérisé en ce que sur un côté des bobines magnétiques (8, 9) sont disposées les parties conductrices coudées (4, 5) tandis que sur l'autre côté des bobines magnétiques (8, 9) sont disposés l'aimant permanent (3') et les pôles (10, 11) des pièces polaires (1, 2).
3. Electro-aimant, notamment pour commander une soupape d'injection de carburant pour des installations d'injection de carburant de moteurs à combustion interne, avec une armature (12) et un noyau (1, 2) en un matériau magnétique doux, ce noyau (1, 2) étant constitué par une première pièce polaire (1) disposée d'un côté d'un aimant permanent (3) et portant une première bobine magnétique (8), et par une deuxième pièce polaire (2) disposée de l'autre côté de l'aimant permanent (3) et portant une deuxième bobine magnétique (9), la première pièce polaire (1) comportant un premier pôle (10) tourné vers t'armature (12) ainsi qu'une première partie conductrice coudée (4), tandis que la deuxième pièce polaire (2) comporte un deuxième pôle (11) tourné vers l'armature (12) ainsi qu'une deuxième partie conductrice coudée (5), la première partie conductrice (4) et la deuxième partie conductrice (5) s'étendant en direction l'une de l'autre et délimitant entre elles un intervalle (6), électro-aimant caractérisé en ce que les parties conductrices coudées (4, 5) des pièces polaires (1, 2) sont disposées entre les bobines magnétiques (8, 9) et l'aimant permanent (3), tandis que les bobines magnétiques (8, 9) sur les pièces polaires (1, 2) sont disposées entre les pôles (10, 11) et les parties conductrices coudées (4,5), et qu'entre les bobines magnétiques (8, 9) et les pôles (10, 11) un second aimant permanent (35) est disposé de façon que la première pièce polaire (1) s'applique sur lui d'un côté, tandis que la deuxième pièce polaire (2) s'applique sur lui de l'autre côté.
4. Electro-aimant selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une des parties conductrices coudées (4, 5) comporte sur sa face frontale tournée vers l'autre pièce conductrice coudée (4, 5), un profil muni de pointes (36).
5. Electro-aimant selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les pôles (10, 11) sont inclinés l'un vers l'autre, et en regard de l'armature (12) munie d'une surface convexe (15), sont munis d'une surface concave (13, 14) s'étendant sur les deux pôles (10, 11).
6. Electro-aimant selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une des parties conductrices coudées (4, 5) comporte sur sa face frontale tournée vers l'autre pièce conductrice coudée (4, 5), un profil muni de pointes (36).
7. Electro-aimant selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que les pôles (10, 11) sont inclinés l'un vers l'autre, et en regard de l'armature (12) munie d'une surface convexe (15), sont munis d'une surface concave (13, 14) s'étendant sur les deux pôles (10, 11).
8. Electro-aimant selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une des parties conductrices coudées (4, 5) comporte sur sa face frontale tournée vers l'autre pièce conductrice coudée (4, 5), un profil muni de pointes (36).
9. Electro-aimant selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que les pôles (10, 11) sont inclinés l'un vers l'autre, et en regard de l'armature (12) munie d'une surface convexe (15), sont munis d'une surface concave (13, 14) s'étendant sur les deux pôles (10, 11).
EP84110661A 1983-10-04 1984-09-07 Electro-aimant Expired EP0136594B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19833336011 DE3336011A1 (de) 1983-10-04 1983-10-04 Elektromagnet
DE3336011 1983-10-04

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0136594A2 EP0136594A2 (fr) 1985-04-10
EP0136594A3 EP0136594A3 (fr) 1985-06-26
EP0136594B1 true EP0136594B1 (fr) 1988-12-07

Family

ID=6210920

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84110661A Expired EP0136594B1 (fr) 1983-10-04 1984-09-07 Electro-aimant

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4546339A (fr)
EP (1) EP0136594B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS6080206A (fr)
AU (1) AU571001B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE3336011A1 (fr)

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JPS5990968A (ja) * 1982-11-17 1984-05-25 Fuji Electric Co Ltd 発受光一体化素子
JPS60261111A (ja) * 1984-06-08 1985-12-24 Mitsubishi Mining & Cement Co Ltd 電磁アクチユエ−タ
US4559388A (en) * 1984-12-19 1985-12-17 General Electric Company Copolyester-carbonate composition
DE3507443A1 (de) * 1985-03-02 1986-09-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Elektromagnetisch betaetigbares kraftstoffeinspritzventil
DE3507441A1 (de) * 1985-03-02 1986-09-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Elektromagnetisch betaetigbares kraftstoffeinspritzventil und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
AU586630B2 (en) * 1985-06-04 1989-07-20 Iwasaki Electronics Co. Ltd. Electromagnetic actuator
DE3520142A1 (de) * 1985-06-05 1986-12-11 Bosch Gmbh Robert Elektromagnet
DE3909893A1 (de) * 1989-03-25 1990-09-27 Bosch Gmbh Robert Elektromagnetisch betaetigbares ventil
DE3921151A1 (de) * 1989-06-28 1991-01-10 Bosch Gmbh Robert Magnetsystem
US5509509A (en) * 1993-09-07 1996-04-23 Crown Equipment Corporation Proportional control of a permanent magnet brake
US5703550A (en) * 1995-12-26 1997-12-30 General Motors Corporation Magnetic latching relay
US6369479B1 (en) * 1998-01-27 2002-04-09 Genesis Co., Ltd. Hybrid-type magnet and stepping motor including same
JP2001307919A (ja) * 2000-04-24 2001-11-02 Genesis:Kk ハイブリッド型磁石
JP2002025819A (ja) * 2000-05-01 2002-01-25 Genesis:Kk ハイブリッド形磁石を用いた磁力式吸着装置
JP2002110418A (ja) * 2000-09-29 2002-04-12 Genesis:Kk 吸引基本構造体
DE10140559A1 (de) * 2001-08-17 2003-02-27 Moeller Gmbh Elektromagnetanordnung für einen Schalter
FR2849262B1 (fr) * 2002-12-23 2006-12-29 Johnson Controls Tech Co Actionneur electromagnetique de soupape a aimant permanent
JP4064934B2 (ja) * 2004-02-27 2008-03-19 三菱重工業株式会社 電磁弁装置
TWI354079B (en) * 2008-10-03 2011-12-11 Univ Nat Taipei Technology Bi-directional electromechanical valve
DE102010029595A1 (de) * 2010-06-01 2011-12-01 Robert Bosch Gmbh Magnetbaugruppe sowie Einspritzventil mit einer Magnetbaugruppe
US10541593B2 (en) * 2013-11-20 2020-01-21 Shanshan Dai AC permanent-magnet switched reluctance motor
KR101553168B1 (ko) * 2014-06-24 2015-09-14 최태광 잔류 자기를 최소화한 자성체 홀딩 장치
EP3034853B1 (fr) * 2014-12-15 2018-05-23 Continental Automotive GmbH Ensemble de bobine et soupape d'injection de fluide
JP6658177B2 (ja) * 2016-03-23 2020-03-04 株式会社豊田中央研究所 電磁アクチュエータ
USD879973S1 (en) 2018-04-11 2020-03-31 Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc. Adhesive bandage with decorated pad
USD879972S1 (en) 2018-04-11 2020-03-31 Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc. Adhesive bandage with decorated pad
USD880705S1 (en) 2018-04-11 2020-04-07 Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc. Adhesive bandage with decorated pad
USD887563S1 (en) 2018-06-27 2020-06-16 Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc. Adhesive bandage with decorated pad
USD887564S1 (en) 2018-06-27 2020-06-16 Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc. Adhesive bandage with decorated pad
USD879975S1 (en) 2018-06-27 2020-03-31 Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc. Adhesive bandage with decorated pad
USD879974S1 (en) 2018-06-27 2020-03-31 Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc. Adhesive bandage with decorated pad
USD913507S1 (en) 2018-12-10 2021-03-16 Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc. Adhesive bandage with decorated pad
USD918398S1 (en) 2018-12-10 2021-05-04 Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc. Adhesive bandage with decorated pad

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JPS5740522B2 (fr) * 1974-01-18 1982-08-28
JPS6044809B2 (ja) * 1976-11-15 1985-10-05 キヤノン株式会社 電磁石装置
DD153505A3 (de) * 1980-03-07 1982-01-13 Rolf Sobadky Magnetbetaetigte brennstoffeinspritzvorrichtung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4546339A (en) 1985-10-08
EP0136594A2 (fr) 1985-04-10
AU3255084A (en) 1985-04-18
JPH045242B2 (fr) 1992-01-30
EP0136594A3 (fr) 1985-06-26
DE3475583D1 (en) 1989-01-12
DE3336011A1 (de) 1985-04-18
AU571001B2 (en) 1988-03-31
JPS6080206A (ja) 1985-05-08

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