EP0086465B2 - Cartridge heater with an overload cut-out - Google Patents

Cartridge heater with an overload cut-out Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0086465B2
EP0086465B2 EP83101305A EP83101305A EP0086465B2 EP 0086465 B2 EP0086465 B2 EP 0086465B2 EP 83101305 A EP83101305 A EP 83101305A EP 83101305 A EP83101305 A EP 83101305A EP 0086465 B2 EP0086465 B2 EP 0086465B2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating coil
tubular heater
tube
heater body
tube portion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP83101305A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0086465B1 (en
EP0086465A1 (en
Inventor
Ingo Dr. Mont. Dipl.-Ing. Bleckmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ELPAG AG CHUR
Original Assignee
ELPAG AG CHUR
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=6155457&utm_source=***_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0086465(B2) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by ELPAG AG CHUR filed Critical ELPAG AG CHUR
Priority to AT83101305T priority Critical patent/ATE23010T1/en
Publication of EP0086465A1 publication Critical patent/EP0086465A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0086465B1 publication Critical patent/EP0086465B1/en
Publication of EP0086465B2 publication Critical patent/EP0086465B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
    • H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
    • H05B1/0227—Applications
    • H05B1/0252—Domestic applications
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
    • H05B3/48—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tubular heater according to the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • DE-A-1 615 370 has disclosed such a device for protecting against overloading an electrical heating element.
  • an annular sleeve is pressed into the insulating material in the end of the tubular heating element and is connected to a winding of a temperature-dependent resistor which is arranged concentrically to the connecting bolt and increases its resistance when heated. The resistance is in series with the heating coil of the tubular heater.
  • the sleeve enables the voltage at the connection point between the temperature-dependent resistor and the heating coil to be tapped. By increasing the resistance value of the temperature-dependent resistor, a higher current flows through the tap, which actuates a switch via a circuit that switches off the voltage from the tubular heater.
  • a disadvantage of this embodiment is that the temperature-dependent resistance cannot be replaced. Accordingly, different tubular heaters must be manufactured for different devices, depending on the regulations and operating conditions of the device manufacturer. It is not possible to adapt the finished tubular heater to another device type.
  • the temperature of the temperature-dependent resistor is largely dependent on the current flow through it and on the heat dissipation in the region of this resistor. If the heating coil overheats somewhere in the tubular heater, then the heat flow through the plug connection and the wire connection is not sufficient to make the arrangement respond.
  • an immersion heater in which a e.g. Interrupter designed as a fuse is surrounded by an insulating shrink tube and in a thermally conductive, e.g. metallic sleeve is housed.
  • This sleeve is matched in such a way that the interrupter can be inserted into the casing tube end, an electrical contact being made to the heating coil of the immersion heater via a plug connection.
  • the metallic sleeve Since the metallic sleeve has no heat-conducting contact with the heating coil and it is not insulated from the jacket tube end, it remains at the temperature of the outer jacket of the tubular heater, which is located away from the heating coil. Accordingly, overheating of the heating coil has no effect or only very late in terms of responding to the overheating protection.
  • a heating cartridge has become known, in which axially parallel bores are provided in the wall of a ceramic tube, each of which take up a heating coil.
  • a bimetal thermostat is inserted into the central bore of the ceramic tube, one end of which is connected via a flag to a fuse arranged outside.
  • the known solutions for cartridge heaters cannot be transferred due to the spatial dimensions of a tubular heater with diameters of 6 to 8 mm.
  • the invention has for its object to develop a tubular heater with an overload protection so that in the finished tubular radiators either overload protection devices of various characteristics such as PTC elements, fuses, heat sensors or thermostats can be subsequently introduced or replaced, although a direct one over a Metallic conduction heat flow from the heating coil to the overload protection should take place.
  • the heating coil 2 is fastened to a connecting bolt 4 which has an elongated conical end 5 which adjoins a substantially cylindrical head.
  • the heating coil 2 is preferably welded on using a non-contact welding technique, e.g. a laser beam welding technology, at the welding point 6.
  • a connecting tube 7 is pushed over the cylindrical part of the connecting bolt 4 and the welding point 6 and is pressed onto the welding point 6.
  • the connecting tube 7 is held concentrically in the jacket tube 1 by a sleeve-shaped insulating bead 8, the front end of the connecting tube 7 projecting beyond the front end of the insulating bead 8.
  • the length of the connecting tube 7 lying in the casing tube 1 is embedded in the insulating material 3.
  • the tubular heater can thus be rolled to the full length to compress the insulating material 3, the connecting tube 7 being fixed in its position accordingly.
  • the elongated conical end 5 of the connecting bolt 4 enables the press rolls to be adjusted accordingly in automatic control, with the roll engagement being increased but the contact pressure being kept constant.
  • the tubular heater thus has a double connection, the end of the connecting tube 7 projecting beyond the insulating bead 8 having a direct electrical connection to the heating coil 2, while the projecting end of the connecting wire 11 enables an electrical connection to the heating coil 2 via the fuse 9.
  • the tubular heater can e.g. in the manufacturer's factory for testing purposes, a voltage exceeding the capacity of the fuse 9 is applied. Furthermore, it can be determined via this connection end whether the heating coil including its welding point 6 on the connection bolt 4 is intact. Furthermore, the end of the connecting pipe 7 can be used for operating or monitoring conditions that do not require safety, e.g. Monitoring the temperature of the heating coil 2 by measuring the resistance, continuously monitoring the leakage current, etc.
  • the fuse 9 can be easily replaced by pulling it out of the connecting pipe 7.
  • FIG. 2 differs from the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 in that the connecting bolt 4 is omitted.
  • a connecting tube 13 is provided, the end 14 of which is located in the tubular heating element and is of elongated conical design.
  • the heating coil 2 is welded onto this conical end 14 at 15.
  • the fuse 9 has a correspondingly shaped projection 16 which is inserted into the end 14.
  • the embodiment has the advantage that the connecting pin 4 is saved and that the fuse 9 is better fixed by appropriate clamping of the end 16. Contacting is also more reliable.
  • Figures 3 and 4 serve to explain a manufacturing process that is particularly well suited for mass production.
  • the cylindrical head of the connecting bolt has an annular groove 18 so that the outer cylindrical part 19 can easily be broken off with the aid of a suitable tool. Since the breaking point is completely free of burrs, a slotted sleeve 20 can be pushed over it, which resiliently rests on the cylindrical remaining part 21 of the connecting bolt.
  • the sleeve 20 is preferably made of copper. It is pushed onto part 21 about half of its length. A fuse 9 with a connecting wire 11 is now inserted into the protruding part of the sleeve 20. Sealing takes place through a correspondingly shaped insulating material bushing 22.
  • FIG. 5 The embodiment shown in FIG. 5 is similar to the embodiment according to FIG. 1. Instead of a fuse 9, however, PTC disks 23 are used, which are accommodated with an insulating film 24 interposed.
  • the PTC disks 23 consist of a resistance material with a positive temperature gradient.
  • the current flow from the connecting wire 11 to the connecting pin 4 drops accordingly as the heating of the PTC disks 23 increases. If heat is accordingly derived from the connecting tube 7 from the interior of the tubular heater to the PTC elements 23 as a result of overheating of the tubular heater, there is a corresponding drop in the current flow due to the increase in the resistance and accordingly a "regulation" of the heating power.
  • the connecting bolt of the tubular heater is designed as a tube 27.
  • a fuse 9 is housed, which is pressed by a spring 28 so that good electrical contact of the inner connection 29 is ensured.

Landscapes

  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Unwinding Webs (AREA)

Abstract

1. A tubular heater body comprising a heating coil (2) of resistance wire, which is disposed in a casing tube (1), embedded in insulating material (3), and in which fitted into the end of the casing tube is a tube portion (7, 13) which is insulated with respect to the casing tube (1), and in which an overheating protection means (9, 23) which is connected in series with the heating coil (2) and connected to a connection (11), in the form of a PTC-element, a heat sensor, a fusible element or a thermostat, is disposed in the unheated end of the tubular heater body, characterised in that the tube portion (7, 13) is connected in direct heat conducting relationship to the heating coil (2) and that the overheating protection means (9, 23) is replaceably inserted into the tube portion (7, 13) from the outside.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Rohrheizkörper entsprechend den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a tubular heater according to the features of the preamble of claim 1.

Aus der DE-A-1 615 370 ist eine derartige Vorrichtung zum Schutz gegen Überlastung eines elektrischen Heizelementes bekannt geworden. Bei dierser Vorrichtung wird in das Rohrheizkörperende eine ringförmige Hülse in das Isoliermaterial eingedrückt, die mit einer konzentrisch zum Anschlußbolzen angeordneten Wicklung eines temperaturabhängigen Widerstandes verbunden ist, der bei Erhitzung seinen Widerstand vergrößert. Der Widerstand liegt in Serie zu der Heizwicklung des Rohrheizkörpers. Die Hülse ermöglicht, die Spannung an der Verbindungsstelle zwischen dem temperaturabhängigen Widerstand und der Heizwendel abzugreifen. Durch die Vergrößerung des Widerstandswertes des temperaturabhängigen Widerstandes fließt über den Abgriff ein höherer Strom, welcher über eine Schaltung eine Schalter betätigt, der die Spannung vom Rohrheizkörper abschaltet.DE-A-1 615 370 has disclosed such a device for protecting against overloading an electrical heating element. In the case of the device, an annular sleeve is pressed into the insulating material in the end of the tubular heating element and is connected to a winding of a temperature-dependent resistor which is arranged concentrically to the connecting bolt and increases its resistance when heated. The resistance is in series with the heating coil of the tubular heater. The sleeve enables the voltage at the connection point between the temperature-dependent resistor and the heating coil to be tapped. By increasing the resistance value of the temperature-dependent resistor, a higher current flows through the tap, which actuates a switch via a circuit that switches off the voltage from the tubular heater.

Nachteilig bei dieser Ausführungsform ist, daß der temperaturabhängige Widerstand nicht auswechselbar ist. Es müssen dementsprechend für verschiedene Geräte unterschiedliche Rohrheizkörper gefertigt werden und zwar je nach den Vorschriften und Betriebsbedingungen des Geräteherstellers. Eine Anpassung der fertiggestellten Rohrheizkörper auf einen anderen Gerätetyp ist nicht möglich.A disadvantage of this embodiment is that the temperature-dependent resistance cannot be replaced. Accordingly, different tubular heaters must be manufactured for different devices, depending on the regulations and operating conditions of the device manufacturer. It is not possible to adapt the finished tubular heater to another device type.

Einfügung nach Spalte 1, Zeile 34 der EP 0 086 465 :Insert according to column 1, line 34 of EP 0 086 465:

Die Temperatur des temperaturabhängigen Widerstandes ist weitgehend von dem Stromdurchfluß durch denselben und von der Wärmeableitung im Bereich dieses Widerstandes abhängig. Wenn die Heizwendel sich irgendwo im Rohrheizkörper überhitzt, dann reicht der Wärmefluß über die Steckverbindung und die Drahtverbindung nicht aus, um die Anordnung zum Ansprechen zu bringen.The temperature of the temperature-dependent resistor is largely dependent on the current flow through it and on the heat dissipation in the region of this resistor. If the heating coil overheats somewhere in the tubular heater, then the heat flow through the plug connection and the wire connection is not sufficient to make the arrangement respond.

Aus der DE-U 7 510 409 ist ein Tauchsieder bekanntgeworden, bein dem ein z.B. als Schmelzsicherung ausgebildeter Unterbrecher von einem isolierenden Schrumpfschlauch umfaßt und in einer wärmeleitenden, z.B. metallischen Hülse untergebracht ist. Diese Hülse ist derart abgestimmt, daß sich der Unterbrecher in das Mantelrohrende einschieben läßt, wobei über eine Steckverbindung ein elektrischer Kontakt zu der Heizwendel des Tauchsieders hergestellt wird.From DE-U 7 510 409 an immersion heater has become known, in which a e.g. Interrupter designed as a fuse is surrounded by an insulating shrink tube and in a thermally conductive, e.g. metallic sleeve is housed. This sleeve is matched in such a way that the interrupter can be inserted into the casing tube end, an electrical contact being made to the heating coil of the immersion heater via a plug connection.

Da die metallische Hülse keine wärmeleitenden Kontakt zur Heizwendel hat und sie gegenüber dem Mantelrohrende nicht isoliert ist, bleibt sie auf der Temperatur des Außenmantels des Rohrheizkörpers, welches von der Heizwendel entfernt liegt. Eine Überhitzung der Heizwendel wirkt sich dementsprechend nicht oder nur sehr spät im Sinne eines Ansprechens des Überhitzungsschutzes aus.Since the metallic sleeve has no heat-conducting contact with the heating coil and it is not insulated from the jacket tube end, it remains at the temperature of the outer jacket of the tubular heater, which is located away from the heating coil. Accordingly, overheating of the heating coil has no effect or only very late in terms of responding to the overheating protection.

Aus der US-A-4100 397 ist eine Heizpatrone bekannt geworden, in der in der Wand eines Keramikrohres achsparall verlaufende Bohrungen vorgesehen sind, die je eine Heizspirale auf nehmen. In die Mittelbohrung des Keramikrohres ist ein Bimetallthermostat eingesetzt, dessen eines Anschlußende über eine Fahne mit einer außerhalb angeordneten Schmelzsicherung verbunden ist. Die bei Heizpatronen bekannten Lösungen lassen sich wegen der räumlichen Abmessungen eines Rohrheizkörpers mit Durchmessern von 6 bis 8 mm nicht übertragen.From US-A-4100 397 a heating cartridge has become known, in which axially parallel bores are provided in the wall of a ceramic tube, each of which take up a heating coil. A bimetal thermostat is inserted into the central bore of the ceramic tube, one end of which is connected via a flag to a fuse arranged outside. The known solutions for cartridge heaters cannot be transferred due to the spatial dimensions of a tubular heater with diameters of 6 to 8 mm.

Aus der EP-A-20 797 ist ein Rohrheizkörper mit in Magnesiumoxid eingebetteter Heizwendel bekannt geworden, bei welchen die Heizwendel mittels einer berührungslosen Schweißtechnik auf einen zylindrischen Absatz eines Anschlußbolzens aufgeschweist ist, der ein langgezogenes konisches Ende besitzt.From EP-A-20 797 a tubular heater with a heating coil embedded in magnesium oxide has become known, in which the heating coil is welded onto a cylindrical shoulder of a connecting bolt by means of a contactless welding technique, which has an elongated conical end.

Es ist aus der DE-A-2124 028 bekannt, Rohrheizkörper gegen Überlastung zu sichern. Diese Problem hat besondere Bedeutung, wenn die Rohrheizkörper in Geräten mit Kunststoff gehäusen, z.B. in derartigen Geschirrspülmaschinen oder Waschmaschinen betrieben werden. Bei einer Überhitzung des Rohrheizkörpers kann durch Wärmestrahlung oder durch Abtropfen flüssiger Metallteile das Kunststoff gehäuse in Brand geraten, was zu einem entsprechenden Wohnungsbrand führen kann. Gemäß dem älteren Vorschlag wird im Rohrheizkörper eine Drahtinnenseele verwendet, auf die ein Glasfaserschlauch aufgeschoben ist. Die Heizwendel wird dann auf den Glasfaserschlauch gewickelt. Bei Überhitzung des Rohrheizkörpers schmilzt die Glasfaser, wobei es zu einem Kurzschluß zwischen der Wendel und der Innenseele kommt, durch welchen der Rohrheizkörper unmittelbar oder mittelbar über ein Relais oder dgl. abgeschaltet wird.It is known from DE-A-2124 028 to secure tubular heating elements against overload. This problem is of particular importance if the tubular heaters are housed in devices with plastic, e.g. be operated in such dishwashers or washing machines. If the tubular heating element overheats, the plastic housing can catch fire due to heat radiation or dripping of liquid metal parts, which can lead to a corresponding fire in the home. According to the older proposal, an inner wire core is used in the tubular heating element, onto which a glass fiber tube is pushed. The heating coil is then wound onto the glass fiber tube. If the tubular heating element overheats, the glass fiber melts, resulting in a short circuit between the coil and the inner core, by means of which the tubular heating element is switched off directly or indirectly via a relay or the like.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Rohrheizkörper mit einer Überlastsicherung so weiterzuentwickeln, daß in den fertiggestellten Rohrheizkörpern wahlweise Überlastsicherungen verschiedener Charakteristiken wie PTC-Elemente, Schmelzsicherungen, Wärmefühler oder Thermostate nachträglich eingebracht oder ausgewechselt werden können, wobei trotz der Auswechselbarkeit ein direkter, über eine metallische Leitung erfolgender Wärmefluß von der Heizwendel auf die Überlastsicherung erfolgen soll.The invention has for its object to develop a tubular heater with an overload protection so that in the finished tubular radiators either overload protection devices of various characteristics such as PTC elements, fuses, heat sensors or thermostats can be subsequently introduced or replaced, although a direct one over a Metallic conduction heat flow from the heating coil to the overload protection should take place.

Die Lösung der Aufgabe ergibt sich aus den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1. Die Unteransprüche 2 bis 6 beschreiben bevorzugte Ausführungsformen.The solution to the problem results from the characterizing features of claim 1. Subclaims 2 to 6 describe preferred embodiments.

Die beillegenden Zeichnungen dienen der weiteren Erläuterung der Erfindung. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 einen Schnitt des Anschlußendes einer ersten Ausführungsform eines Rohrheizkörpers;
  • Fig. 2 einen schnitt ähnlich Fig. 1 einer zweiten Ausführungsform;
  • Fig. 3 die Seitenansicht eines neuartigen Anschlußbolzens;.
  • Fig. 4 eine Schnittansicht ähnlich Fig. 1 eines unter Verwendung des Anschlußbolzens gemäß Fig. 3 hergestellten Rohrheizkörpers;
  • Fig. 5 einen Schnitt ähnlich Fig. 1 einer Ausführungsform mit PTC-Scheiben;
  • Fig. 6 ähnlich wie Fig. 1 einen Schnitt einer abgewandelten Ausführungsform.
The accompanying drawings serve to further explain the invention. Show it:
  • Figure 1 is a section of the connection end of a first embodiment of a tubular heater.
  • FIG. 2 shows a section similar to FIG. 1 of a second embodiment;
  • Fig. 3 is a side view of a novel connector bolt.
  • 4 shows a sectional view similar to FIG. 1 of a tubular heating element produced using the connecting bolt according to FIG. 3;
  • 5 shows a section similar to FIG. 1 of an embodiment with PTC disks;
  • Fig. 6 similar to Fig. 1 shows a section of a modified embodiment.

In einem Mantelrohr 1 eines Rohrheizkörpers ist in bekannter Weise eine elektrische Heizwendel 2 in Isoliermaterial 3, z. B. Magnesiumoxid, eingebettet. Die Heizwendel 2 ist an einem Anschlußbolzen 4 befestigt, welcher ein langgezogenes konisches Ende 5 besitzt, das sich an einen im wesentlichen zylindrischen Kopf anschließt. Das Anschweißen der Heizvwendel 2 erfolgt vorzugsweise mit einer berührungslosen Schweißtechnik, z.B. einer Laserstrahlschweißtechnik, an der Schweißstelle 6. Über den zylindrischen Teil des Anschlußbolzens 4 und die Schweißstelle 6 ist bei der Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. 1 ein Anschlußrohr 7 geschobem, das auf die Schweißstelle 6 aufgepreßt ist. Das Anschlußrohr 7 wird von einer hülsenförmigen Isolierperle 8 konzentrisch im Mantelrohr 1 gehalten, wobei das Stirnende des Anschlußrohres 7 über das Stirnende der Isolierperle 8 hinausragt.In a casing tube 1 of a tubular heater, an electric heating coil 2 in insulating material 3, for. B. magnesium oxide, embedded. The heating coil 2 is fastened to a connecting bolt 4 which has an elongated conical end 5 which adjoins a substantially cylindrical head. The heating coil 2 is preferably welded on using a non-contact welding technique, e.g. a laser beam welding technology, at the welding point 6. In the embodiment according to FIG. 1, a connecting tube 7 is pushed over the cylindrical part of the connecting bolt 4 and the welding point 6 and is pressed onto the welding point 6. The connecting tube 7 is held concentrically in the jacket tube 1 by a sleeve-shaped insulating bead 8, the front end of the connecting tube 7 projecting beyond the front end of the insulating bead 8.

In das Anschlußrohr 7 ist nun eine im wesentlichen zylindrische Schmelzsicherung 9 eingeschoben, die an einem Anschlußdrahtstück 11 befestigt ist. Über das Anschlußdrahtstück 11 ist ein Isolierschlauch gezogen.In the connecting tube 7, a substantially cylindrical fuse 9 is now inserted, which is connected to a piece of connecting wire 11 is attached. An insulating tube is pulled over the connecting wire piece 11.

Die im Mantelrohr 1 liegende Länge des Anschlußrohres 7 ist in das Isoliermaterial 3 eingebettet. Der Rohrheizkörper kann damit zur Verdichtung des Isoliermaterials 3 auf volle Länge gewalzt werden, wobei das Anschlußrohr 7 in seiner Lage entsprechend fixiert wird. Das langgezogene konische Ende 5 des Anschlußbolzens 4 ermöglicht dabei, daß sich die Preßwalzen in automatischer Steuerung entsprechend einstellen können, wobei der Walzeneingriff vergrößert, jedoch der Anpreßdruck konstant gehalten wird.The length of the connecting tube 7 lying in the casing tube 1 is embedded in the insulating material 3. The tubular heater can thus be rolled to the full length to compress the insulating material 3, the connecting tube 7 being fixed in its position accordingly. The elongated conical end 5 of the connecting bolt 4 enables the press rolls to be adjusted accordingly in automatic control, with the roll engagement being increased but the contact pressure being kept constant.

Der Rohrheizkörper hat also einen Doppelanschluß, wobei das über die Isolierperle 8 hinausragende Ende des Anschlußrohres 7 eine unmittelbare elektrische Verbindung zu der Heizwendel 2 besitzt, während das überstehende Ende des Anschlußdrahtes 11 eine elektrische Verbindung zur Heizwendel 2 über die Schmelzsicherung 9 ermöglicht.The tubular heater thus has a double connection, the end of the connecting tube 7 projecting beyond the insulating bead 8 having a direct electrical connection to the heating coil 2, while the projecting end of the connecting wire 11 enables an electrical connection to the heating coil 2 via the fuse 9.

Der Rohrheizkörper kann also z.B. im Herstellerwerk zu Prüfzwecken mit einer über das Aufnahmevermögen der Schmelzsicherung 9 hinausgehenden Spannung beaufschlagt werden. Weiterhin kann über dieses Anschlußende festgestellt werden, ob die Heizwendel einschließlich ihrer Schweißstelle 6 auf dem Anschlußbolzen 4 intakt ist. Weiterhin kann das Ende des Anschlußrohres 7 für Betriebs- oder Überwachungszustände herangezogen werden, die nicht sicherungsbedürftig sind, z.B. Überwachung der Temperatur der Heizwendel 2 durch Widerstandsmessung, laufende Kontrolle des Ableitstromes usw.The tubular heater can e.g. in the manufacturer's factory for testing purposes, a voltage exceeding the capacity of the fuse 9 is applied. Furthermore, it can be determined via this connection end whether the heating coil including its welding point 6 on the connection bolt 4 is intact. Furthermore, the end of the connecting pipe 7 can be used for operating or monitoring conditions that do not require safety, e.g. Monitoring the temperature of the heating coil 2 by measuring the resistance, continuously monitoring the leakage current, etc.

Die Schmelzsicherung 9 kann einfach ausgewechselt werden, indem sie aus dem Anschlußrohr 7 herausgezogen wird.The fuse 9 can be easily replaced by pulling it out of the connecting pipe 7.

Die in Fig. 2 dargestellte Ausführungsform unterscheidet sich von der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Ausführungsform dadurch, daß der Anschlußbolzen 4 entfällt. Es ist ein Anschlußrohr 13 vorgesehen, dessen im Rohrheizkörper liegendes Ende 14 langgezogen konisch ausgebildet ist. Die Heizwendel 2 ist bei 15 auf dieses konische Ende 14 aufgeschweißt. Die Schmelzsicherung 9 besitzt einen entsprechendgeformten Ansatz 16, der in das Ende 14 eingesteckt ist. Die Ausführungsform hat den Vorteil, daß der Anschlußbolzen 4 eingespart wird und daß die Schmelzsicherung 9 durch entsprechende Klemmung des Endes 16 besser fixiert ist. Außerdem ist die Kontaktgabe zuverlässiger.The embodiment shown in FIG. 2 differs from the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 in that the connecting bolt 4 is omitted. A connecting tube 13 is provided, the end 14 of which is located in the tubular heating element and is of elongated conical design. The heating coil 2 is welded onto this conical end 14 at 15. The fuse 9 has a correspondingly shaped projection 16 which is inserted into the end 14. The embodiment has the advantage that the connecting pin 4 is saved and that the fuse 9 is better fixed by appropriate clamping of the end 16. Contacting is also more reliable.

Die Anwendung einer berührungslosen Schweißtechnik, z.B. mittels Laserstrahlen, zur Befestigung der Heizwendel 2 ist besonders bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 2 von besonderer Bedeutung. Bei dem bisherigen Schweißverfahren, bei welchem die Heizwendel mittels Schweißelektroden beim Schweißvorgang angepreßt werden muß, besteht die Gefahr, daß das konisch zulaufende innere Stirnende 14 des Anschlußrohres 13 eingedrückt wird. Würde man zur Vermeidung dieser Gefahr das Anschlußrohr 13 mit größerer Wandstärke herstellen, dann würde bei einem Rohrheizkörper üblicher Dimensionierung die Stärke der Schicht aus Isolationsmaterial 3 zwischen dem Mantelrohr 1 und dem Anschlußrohr 13 zu gering, so daß die Durchschlagsfestigkeit des Rohrheizkörpers beeinträchtigt würde.The use of non-contact welding technology, e.g. by means of laser beams for attaching the heating coil 2 is particularly important in the embodiment according to FIG. 2. In the previous welding process, in which the heating coil has to be pressed by means of welding electrodes during the welding process, there is a risk that the conically tapering inner end face 14 of the connecting pipe 13 will be pressed in. If the connecting pipe 13 were to be made with a greater wall thickness to avoid this danger, then the thickness of the layer of insulation material 3 between the jacket pipe 1 and the connecting pipe 13 would be too small for a tubular heating element of conventional dimensions, so that the dielectric strength of the tubular heating element would be impaired.

Die Figuren 3 und 4 dienen der Erläuterung eines Herstellungsverfahrens, das sich besonders gut zur Massenproduktion eignet.Figures 3 and 4 serve to explain a manufacturing process that is particularly well suited for mass production.

Der zylindrische Kopf des Anschlußbolzens besitzt eine Ringnut 18, so daß der äußere zylindrische Teil 19 leicht mit Hilfe eines geeigneten Werkzeugs abgebrochen werden kann. Da die Bruchstelle vollkommen gratfrei ist kann über diese eine geschlitzte Hülse 20 geschoben werden, welche federnd auf dem zylindrischen Restteil 21 des Anschlußbolzens aufliegt. Die Hülse 20 besteht dabei vorzugsweise aus Kupfer. Sie wird etwa bis zur Hälfte ihrer Längserstreckung auf den Teil 21 aufgeschoben. In den überstehenden Teil der Hülse 20 wird nun eine Schmelzsicherung 9 mit einem Anschlußdraht 11 eingeschoben. Die Abdichtung erfolgt durch eine entsprechend geformte Isolierstoffbuchse 22.The cylindrical head of the connecting bolt has an annular groove 18 so that the outer cylindrical part 19 can easily be broken off with the aid of a suitable tool. Since the breaking point is completely free of burrs, a slotted sleeve 20 can be pushed over it, which resiliently rests on the cylindrical remaining part 21 of the connecting bolt. The sleeve 20 is preferably made of copper. It is pushed onto part 21 about half of its length. A fuse 9 with a connecting wire 11 is now inserted into the protruding part of the sleeve 20. Sealing takes place through a correspondingly shaped insulating material bushing 22.

Die in Fig. 5 dargestellte Ausführungsform ähnelt der Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. 1. Anstelle einer Schmelzsicherung 9 werden jedoch PTC-Scheiben 23 verwendet, welche unter Zwischenlage einer isolierenden Folie 24 untergebracht sind. Die PTC-Scheiben 23 bestehen aus einem Widerstandsmaterial mit positivem Temperaturgradienten. Der Stromfluß von dem Anschlußdraht 11 zu dem Anschlußbolzen 4 fällt dementsprechend mitzunehmender Erhitzung der PTC-Scheiben 23 ab. Wird also infolge Überhitzung des Rohrheizkörpers entsprechend Wärme von dem Anschlußrohr 7 aus dem Inneren des Rohrheizkörpers auf die PTC-Elemente 23 abgeleitet, so ergibt sich ein entsprechender Abfall des Stromflusses durch die Erhöhung des Widerstandes und dementsprechend ein "Herunterregeln" der Heizleistung.The embodiment shown in FIG. 5 is similar to the embodiment according to FIG. 1. Instead of a fuse 9, however, PTC disks 23 are used, which are accommodated with an insulating film 24 interposed. The PTC disks 23 consist of a resistance material with a positive temperature gradient. The current flow from the connecting wire 11 to the connecting pin 4 drops accordingly as the heating of the PTC disks 23 increases. If heat is accordingly derived from the connecting tube 7 from the interior of the tubular heater to the PTC elements 23 as a result of overheating of the tubular heater, there is a corresponding drop in the current flow due to the increase in the resistance and accordingly a "regulation" of the heating power.

Bei höherer Leistungsaufnahme des Rohrheizkörpers wird man jedoch nicht den gesamten Stromfluß über die PTC-Elemente 23 leiten. Man kann durch eine entsprechende Relaisschaltung 25 eine Hilfsspannung zwischen dem Anschlußdrahtstück 11 und dem Anschlußrohr 7 aufbauen. Bei Abfall des Stromflusses über die PTC-Elemente 23 infolge unzulässiger Erwärmung wird dann durch das Relais die Hauptstromzuf uhr abgeschaltet. Bei Verwendung derartiger Schaltungseinrichtungen ist selbstverständlich auch der umgekehrte Weg gangbar, d. h. anstelle der PTC-Elemente 23 können auch Elemente mit negativem Temperaturkoeffizienten verwendet werden, wobei daß bei steigendem Stromfluß die Abschaltung erfolgt.With higher power consumption of the tubular heater, however, the entire current flow will not be conducted via the PTC elements 23. An auxiliary voltage can be built up between the connecting wire piece 11 and the connecting tube 7 by means of a corresponding relay circuit 25. If the current flow via the PTC elements 23 drops due to inadmissible heating, the main current supply is then switched off by the relay. When using such circuit devices, of course, the reverse way is feasible, i. H. Instead of the PTC elements 23, elements with a negative temperature coefficient can also be used, with the shutdown taking place as the current flow increases.

Bei der im Fig. 6 dargestellten Ausführungsform ist der Anschlußbolzen des Rohrheizkörpers als Rohr 27 ausgebildet. In dem Rohr 27 ist eine Schmelzsicherung 9 untergebracht, die von einer Feder 28 so angedrückt wird, daß ein guter elektrischer Kontakt des inneren Anschlusses 29 gewährleistet ist.In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 the connecting bolt of the tubular heater is designed as a tube 27. In the tube 27, a fuse 9 is housed, which is pressed by a spring 28 so that good electrical contact of the inner connection 29 is ensured.

Claims (4)

1. A tubular heater body comprising a heating coil (2) of resistance wire, which is disposed in a casing tube (1), embedded in insulating material (3), in which fitted into the end of the casing tube is a metal tube portion (7, 13) which is insulated with respect to the casing tube (1), and in which an overheating protection means (23) which is electrically connected in series with the heating coil (2) and connected to a connection (11), in the form of a PTC-element, is disposed in the unheated end of the tubular heater body, characterised in that the tube portion (7; 13; 20) which comprises a material which is a good conductor of heat is connected in heat conducting relationship to the heating coil (2) directly (Figures 1, 2, 5, 6) and/or by way of a connecting pin (4; 21) for the heating coil, which is fitted into its end towards the heating coil (Figures 1, 4 and 5), and that the overheating protection means (9; 23) which can alternatively also be in the form of a heat sensor, a fusible element or a thermostat, is replaceably inserted from the outside into the end of the tube portion remote from the heating coil, and is in thermal contact with the tube portion so that by way of the metal conduction means formed in that way there is a flow of heat from the heating coil (2) to the overload protection means (9; 23) and the latter responds to the temperature of the heating coil.
2. A tubular heater body according to claim 1 characterised in that the heating coil (2) is fixed on an elongated tapering connecting end (5; 14) of the connecting pin (4) or the tube portion (15).
3. A tubular heater body according to claim 1 or claim 2 characterised in that the heating coil (2) is pushed onto and welded on the end (14) of the tube portion (13), which is disposed in the tubular heater body and which is of an elongated conical configuraton.
4. A tubular heater body according to claims 1 to 3 characterised in that a relay circuit (25) is provided between the connecting tube (7) and the connecting wire portion (11).
EP83101305A 1982-02-12 1983-02-11 Cartridge heater with an overload cut-out Expired - Lifetime EP0086465B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83101305T ATE23010T1 (en) 1982-02-12 1983-02-11 TUBULAR HEATING ELEMENT WITH AN OVERLOAD PROTECTION.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3204875 1982-02-12
DE3204875A DE3204875C2 (en) 1982-02-12 1982-02-12 Tubular heater with an overload protection

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0086465A1 EP0086465A1 (en) 1983-08-24
EP0086465B1 EP0086465B1 (en) 1986-10-15
EP0086465B2 true EP0086465B2 (en) 1991-03-06

Family

ID=6155457

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83101305A Expired - Lifetime EP0086465B2 (en) 1982-02-12 1983-02-11 Cartridge heater with an overload cut-out

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0086465B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE23010T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3204875C2 (en)

Families Citing this family (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3336956C2 (en) * 1982-10-15 1995-08-10 Yamato Scient Co Ltd still
DE3567347D1 (en) * 1984-03-01 1989-02-09 Elpag Ag Chur Tubular heating body
EP0204850A1 (en) * 1985-06-05 1986-12-17 Elpag Ag Chur Tubular heating element
DE3601307A1 (en) * 1986-01-17 1987-07-23 Siemens Ag Safety system against overtemperatures of live electrical conductors
FR2597222A1 (en) * 1986-04-11 1987-10-16 Ciapem Apparatus equipped with an electrical heating resistance
DE8715851U1 (en) * 1987-11-30 1988-02-18 Elpag Ag Chur, Chur Tubular heaters with an overload protection
DE4014753A1 (en) * 1990-05-08 1991-11-14 Elpag Ag Chur PIPE RADIATOR WITH FUSE
FR2681496A1 (en) * 1991-09-17 1993-03-19 Vulcanic Shielded heating elements with electrical supply and method of manufacture of such elements
ES2110368B1 (en) * 1995-12-14 1998-08-01 Magic Dreams Cosmetica Infanti DEPILATORY WAX HEATING APPARATUS.
GB2422958B (en) * 2005-02-04 2008-07-09 Siemens Magnet Technology Ltd Quench protection circuit for a superconducting magnet
DE102006005322B4 (en) * 2006-02-06 2010-04-29 Bleckmann Gmbh & Co. Kg Tubular heater with insulating compound in the connection end area
US7949238B2 (en) * 2007-01-19 2011-05-24 Emerson Electric Co. Heating element for appliance
DE202008014050U1 (en) * 2008-10-22 2009-01-15 Türk & Hillinger GmbH Electric heater
DE102009005481B3 (en) * 2009-01-21 2010-04-08 Bleckmann Gmbh & Co. Kg Connecting element for heating coil for tubular heater and production method thereof
ITRM20100285A1 (en) * 2010-05-28 2011-11-29 I R C A S P A Ind Resistenz E Corazzate E ARMORED RESISTANCE, IN PARTICULAR FOR WASHING MACHINES AND DISHWASHER
ITRM20110286A1 (en) * 2011-06-09 2012-12-10 I R C A S P A Ind Resistenz E Corazzate E ARMORED RESISTANCE OF HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES AND ITS MANUFACTURING METHOD
US9301341B2 (en) * 2013-03-14 2016-03-29 Chromalox, Inc. Medium voltage heating element assembly
PL3109564T3 (en) 2015-06-24 2020-02-28 Bleckmann Gmbh & Co. Kg Terminal device for a tubular heating device with integrated fuse
EP3125645A1 (en) 2015-07-31 2017-02-01 Bleckmann GmbH & Co. KG Flange assembly for securing a heating device to a fluid container
CN105775879B (en) * 2016-04-13 2017-05-17 浙江中智机器人有限公司 Film drawing and pipe penetrating device suitable for ceramic PTC assembly
CN106630563A (en) * 2016-09-23 2017-05-10 重庆市汇畅钢管制造有限公司 Portable glass pipeline bending device

Family Cites Families (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE7510409U (en) * 1975-08-28 Bahlmann G Kg Electric immersion heater
DE1615370U (en) 1949-12-31 1950-11-02 Elisabeth Mauerer LIGHTWEIGHT CRANE.
DE1125567B (en) 1956-06-22 1962-03-15 Walter Hering Dipl Ing Heating element for electrically heated devices, especially washing machines
DE1751745U (en) * 1956-08-03 1957-09-05 Voigt & Haeffner Ag ELECTRICITY CONNECTION FOR PIPE RADIATOR.
DE1259479B (en) * 1958-07-02 1968-01-25 Licentia Gmbh Electric high voltage immersion heater
CH363735A (en) * 1960-10-18 1962-08-15 Merlin Mouldings Limited Electric heating element
GB940499A (en) * 1959-09-18 1963-10-30 Merlin Mouldings Ltd Improvements in or relating to electric heating elements
DE1133843B (en) * 1960-04-09 1962-07-26 Schaltbau Gmbh Insulated suspension for tubular heating elements
DK92556C (en) 1960-05-03 1962-01-15 John Carlsen Fuse for electric irons.
NL287531A (en) * 1962-08-11
GB1096988A (en) * 1965-11-23 1967-12-29 Lindsay Sydney Little Overload control for electric heater elements
US3614387A (en) * 1969-09-22 1971-10-19 Watlow Electric Mfg Co Electrical heater with an internal thermocouple
AT299400B (en) * 1970-05-21 1972-06-12 Bleckmann & Co Electric tubular heater
DE2101062A1 (en) * 1971-01-11 1972-07-27 Tuerk & Hillinger Kg Electric tubular heater with temperature limiter
DE2431658A1 (en) * 1974-07-02 1976-01-22 Heinz Stegmeier Heating cartridge with temp limiter - has switch which breaks heating current when preset cartridge temp is exceeded
DE2442717A1 (en) 1974-09-06 1976-03-18 Karl Fischer Electric cooker hotplate with controlled characteristics - allows full power to be supplied to the plate when appropriate but prevents overheating
DE2514584B2 (en) * 1975-04-03 1979-02-01 G. Bahlmann Kg Gmbh & Co, 5890 Schalksmuehle Electric immersion heater
DE7639786U1 (en) 1976-12-20 1978-06-08 G. Bahlmann Kg, Gmbh & Co, 5885 Schalksmuehle ELECTRIC TUBE RADIATOR WITH BUILT-IN TEMPERATURE LIMITER
DE2856444A1 (en) 1978-12-28 1980-07-17 Heinz Stegmeier Cartridge heater for heating plastics injection mould - has thermocouple removably and coaxially inserted in tube embedded in ceramic
DE7820178U1 (en) * 1978-07-05 1978-10-12 G. Bahlmann Kg, Gmbh & Co, 5885 Schalksmuehle ELECTRIC IMMERSION HEATER
DE2844714A1 (en) * 1978-10-13 1980-04-24 Elpag Ag Chur END SEAL FOR AN ELECTRIC PIPE RADIATOR
EP0020797B1 (en) * 1979-06-12 1983-03-30 Elpag Ag Chur Tubular heating element

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3367064D1 (en) 1986-11-20
ATE23010T1 (en) 1986-11-15
EP0086465B1 (en) 1986-10-15
DE3204875C2 (en) 1985-02-07
DE3204875A1 (en) 1983-09-01
EP0086465A1 (en) 1983-08-24

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0086465B2 (en) Cartridge heater with an overload cut-out
EP0342441B1 (en) Temperature sensitive commutation device
EP0591755B1 (en) Electric radiator for fluids with continuous-flow heaters
EP0284916A2 (en) Thermostat with a housing
DE69907060T2 (en) Temperature measuring and limiting device
DE2716579C3 (en) Temperature-dependent circuit breaker
EP0122414B1 (en) Electrical instantaneous heater for household implements, especially coffee perculators
DE69816442T2 (en) ELECTRIC HEATING ELEMENT
DE69213406T2 (en) ASSEMBLING AN ELECTRICAL ELEMENT
EP0420078A1 (en) Electronic cigar lighter with overload protection
DE2552625A1 (en) Contact breaker for preventing overheating in domestic appliances - operates by melting wire made of alloy whose surface tension, when molten, suffices to break wire
EP0660644B1 (en) Tubular heating element with overload protection and temperature sensor
EP1182403A1 (en) Glowplug
EP0204850A1 (en) Tubular heating element
EP0157277A2 (en) Fluids heating appliance
DE3249500C2 (en) Tubular radiator (heating element, heating body) having an overload protection device
EP1003190B1 (en) Water heater for heating water
DE3601307A1 (en) Safety system against overtemperatures of live electrical conductors
EP1619930B1 (en) Linear reflector and radiant heater assembly and heating assembly comprising the same
DE10119107B4 (en) Electric heating cartridge with a temperature-dependent power limiter
DE2137285A1 (en) AUTOMATIC SAFETY CIRCUIT FOR MONITORING THE CIRCUIT BREAKER OF AN ELECTRIC POWER CONSUMER
DE4243894A1 (en) Tubular heater with a thermal cut=out - has temp. dependent circuit breaker in tube screwed onto heating coil terminal in heater jacket.
JP2991406B2 (en) Abnormal temperature prevention device for fixing device
DE69020074T2 (en) Method for attaching a lead wire to a hook-shaped element, and a rotor and / or stand for an electrical machine in which the method has been used.
AT103449B (en) Plug for heating devices with an automatic switch to prevent overheating.

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): AT CH DE FR GB IT LI SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19840216

RBV Designated contracting states (corrected)

Designated state(s): AT CH DE FR GB IT LI

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT CH DE FR GB IT LI

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 23010

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19861115

Kind code of ref document: T

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed

Owner name: BUGNION S.P.A.

ET Fr: translation filed
REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 3367064

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19861120

PLBI Opposition filed

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009260

26 Opposition filed

Opponent name: STIEBEL ELTRON GMBH & CO.KG

Effective date: 19870710

Opponent name: JOH. VAILLANT GMBH U. CO

Effective date: 19870708

PUAH Patent maintained in amended form

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009272

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: PATENT MAINTAINED AS AMENDED

27A Patent maintained in amended form

Effective date: 19910306

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B2

Designated state(s): AT CH DE FR GB IT LI

ET3 Fr: translation filed ** decision concerning opposition
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: AEN

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed

Owner name: BUGNION S.P.A.

ITTA It: last paid annual fee
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 20000225

Year of fee payment: 18

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PUE

Owner name: ELPAG AG CHUR TRANSFER- BLECKMANN GMBH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: 732E

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: TP

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20001220

Year of fee payment: 19

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20001221

Year of fee payment: 19

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20010111

Year of fee payment: 19

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20010209

Year of fee payment: 19

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20010211

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: IF02

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20020211

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20020228

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20020228

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20020903

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20020211

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20021031

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

APAH Appeal reference modified

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSCREFNO