EP0023999B1 - Cleaning machine for castings - Google Patents

Cleaning machine for castings Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0023999B1
EP0023999B1 EP80104424A EP80104424A EP0023999B1 EP 0023999 B1 EP0023999 B1 EP 0023999B1 EP 80104424 A EP80104424 A EP 80104424A EP 80104424 A EP80104424 A EP 80104424A EP 0023999 B1 EP0023999 B1 EP 0023999B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sand
machine according
base
blasting machine
wall
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
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EP80104424A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0023999A1 (en
Inventor
Martin Weis
Hermann Dumbs
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BMD Badische Maschinenfabrik Durlach GmbH
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BMD Badische Maschinenfabrik Durlach GmbH
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Publication of EP0023999A1 publication Critical patent/EP0023999A1/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24CABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C3/00Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants
    • B24C3/18Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants essentially provided with means for moving workpieces into different working positions
    • B24C3/26Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants essentially provided with means for moving workpieces into different working positions the work being supported by barrel cages, i.e. tumblers; Gimbal mountings therefor
    • B24C3/266Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants essentially provided with means for moving workpieces into different working positions the work being supported by barrel cages, i.e. tumblers; Gimbal mountings therefor for continuously travelling workpieces

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cleaning machine for castings with a cleaning drum, which is driven to oscillate at a central angle of approximately 120 ° about its longitudinal axis, is inclined from an end filling opening to an opposite discharge opening and is provided with a jet opening extending in the longitudinal axis, and with one or more centrifugal wheels fixedly arranged above the jet opening.
  • cleaning drums with the above-mentioned construction have the advantage of a continuous mode of operation, in which the castings are fed in on one end face, are blasted at an adjustable speed during the passage and are continuously discharged on the other end face of the drum.
  • the cleaning drum with its peripheral jet opening moves back and forth under the centrifugal wheels.
  • the central angle of the oscillating movement and thus also the width of the jet opening depend essentially on the desired degree of filling of the drum and the requirement that the castings in the drum should be completely circulated if possible.
  • a central angle of approximately 120 ° has proven to be favorable. Nevertheless, the demand for complete circulation of the castings with oscillating cleaning drums is much more difficult to fulfill than with batch-wise, but continuously rotating drums.
  • the cleaning drum has a partially cylindrical cross section. In the area of the opening edges, the drum wall is drawn in angled inwards in order to achieve the greatest possible central angle for the oscillating movement without the risk of the castings falling out over the opening edge. Nevertheless, with such a drum, as with continuously rotating drums, satisfactory cleaning results cannot be achieved with many casting molds, since the drum filling slips on the smooth cylindrical wall without any circulation. For continuous revolving drums, internals are therefore known (US-A-2440 819) to ensure that the castings are turned over and blasted on all sides.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a cleaning machine of the structure described above with an oscillating cleaning drum so that - regardless of the workpiece shape and the degree of filling of the cleaning drum - a complete circulation of the castings is always ensured.
  • the wall of the drum has a polygonal cross-section and two has an angle of approximately 120 ° between the bottom parts enclosing it and wall parts adjoining it to the jet opening.
  • the angle of 120 ° means that with an oscillation angle of approximately 120 ° in each of the two end positions of the drum, a bottom part is approximately vertical, so that even those castings that are taken to the end position without relative movement with respect to the drum wall, at the latest in this position topple over and fall back. Practical tests have shown that this result occurs regardless of the shape of the castings.
  • the angle enclosed by the base parts is somewhat less than 120 °, e.g. B. between 110 ° and 116 °. This ensures that at an oscillation angle of 120 ° one of the bottom parts in the end positions of the drum is slightly inclined inwards, so that even large and bulky castings tip at the latest in this position.
  • the wall parts adjoining the bottom parts can consist of two wall sections, the angular position of which relative to one another and to the bottom part is dimensioned such that the wall of the drum in the region of the edge of the jet opening is slightly drawn inwards. This prevents a casting that is spinning from falling out of the drum.
  • a profile strip covering the inside of the joint is arranged in the region of the joint between the two base parts.
  • This profile strip ensures that a casting cannot slide freely from one base part to the other during the drum movement, but rather finds an obstacle which causes circulation.
  • - in contrast to the prior art - a single such profile strip is sufficient.
  • the profile strip is advantageously fastened by means of screws and the two bottom parts of the counter pieces lying on the outside.
  • This design offers particular advantages if the individual wall sections are not connected to form a one-piece drum body, but rather are individually fastened to the drum. In this case, the two base parts are clamped together by the profile strip and the counterpart and at the same time the gap between them is sealed.
  • the floor and wall parts are preferably detachably fastened to a supporting structure of the drum.
  • the support structure can consist of at least two support rings and longitudinal beams connecting them, the base and wall parts being releasably attached to the support rings.
  • the floor and wall parts which are generally exposed to different levels of wear, can therefore be replaced individually.
  • the base and wall parts have projections on their outside and are fastened by means of wedges which engage them and the support rings.
  • This wedge connection is particularly suitable for robust operation in the foundry and allows easy assembly and easy replacement of the floor and wall parts.
  • the bottom and wall parts have on their outside a web forming the shoulder and the support rings have a flange parallel to the floor or wall parts, which has laterally arranged slots for receiving the axial ends of the webs, the webs in Area of their ends each have a hole for the wedge engaging behind the flange of the support rings. If necessary. the wedge can be secured by means of a detachably attached stop.
  • the wedge connection not only has the aforementioned advantages with regard to assembly and replacement, but also the advantage that it can always be easily removed even after blasting agent access, which leads to welding with other connections.
  • the cleaning machine shown schematically in FIG. 1 consists of a cleaning drum 1 and a cleaning booth 2 surrounding it in a dust-tight manner, which is closed at the end by rubber curtains 3, 4 or the like.
  • the castings can be supplied, for example, via a vibrating trough 6, while the discharge through the rubber curtain 4 takes place via a slide (not shown) or the like.
  • the cleaning drum 1 has races 7, by means of which it runs on roller sets 8.
  • the drive can be conventional.
  • the axis of the cleaning drum 1 is inclined to fall from the filling opening 9 to the discharge opening 10. Instead, however, the races 7 can also be arranged perpendicularly and only the drum wall can be inclined.
  • the cleaning drum 1 also has a supporting structure which consists of longitudinal beams 11, for. B. from square tube, and consists of several juxtaposed rings 12 which are attached to the side members 11.
  • the longitudinal members themselves connect the races 7 to one another or to an end flange 13 arranged at the discharge opening 10.
  • the filling opening 9 is provided in a disk 14 which is arranged in a stationary manner and leaves only a small gap to the front end 15 of the cleaning drum 1.
  • the wall of the cleaning drum 1 is cut out in the area below the centrifugal wheels 5 (FIG. 1) to form a jet opening (16).
  • the sector is chosen so that the drum can sweep a central angle of about 120 ° with oscillating rotation about its longitudinal axis without the blasting agent hitting the edge of the blasting opening 16 or outside of it.
  • the drum wall has two large base parts 17, which collide in the rest position of the cleaning drum 1 in its lower apex.
  • the two base parts 17 close an angle a of slightly less than 120 °, e.g. B. of 112 °.
  • the base parts 17 and the wall sections 20, 21 are not produced as a one-piece body in the exemplary embodiment shown, but consist of individual strips 25 of the same dimension, the length of which corresponds approximately to the distance between the rings 12 (FIG. 1).
  • Each bar 22 has a web 23 on its outside, so it is designed as a T-profile.
  • the support rings 12 are designed in the manner of a T profile, that is to say they have a flange 24 which is arranged essentially parallel to the strips 22, and an outwardly pointing web 25.
  • the flanges 24 of the support rings 12 are in one of the arrangement of the base parts 17 and wall parts 18 corresponding cross-sectional contour arranged.
  • their web 25 can have an outer contour which varies over the circumference, in order in this way to adapt the surface moment responsible for absorbing the bending forces to the distance between the longitudinal beams 11.
  • the strips 22 are partially perforated, at least in the area of the base parts 17, in order to allow the blasting agent and the particles resulting from the cleaning to pass through.
  • the webs 23 attached to the back of the strips 22 are detachably attached to the support rings 12 in the region of their ends by means of a wedge connection 26, which is indicated at the top right in FIG. 2.
  • a wedge connection 26 which is indicated at the top right in FIG. 2.
  • the wedge connection 26 is shown enlarged in FIG. 3.
  • the flanges 24 of the support rings 12 are laterally provided with slots 27 'into which the ends of the webs 23 attached to the strips 22 engage.
  • the webs 23 have holes 28 in the area of these ends, which - seen from the inside of the drum - are in the assembly position beyond the flanges 24 of the support rings 12.
  • a hammer wedge 29 is hammered into the holes 28 on the back of the flanges 24, the wedge engagement surface 30 being on the side facing away from the flange 24.
  • a stop plate 31 which has an elongated hole 32 and is fixed by means of a screw 33 which passes through the shaft of the wedge 29 so that it rests with its upper edge 34 on the lower edge of the bar 23.
  • Figure 4 shows a longitudinal section through the cleaning drum 1 in the blasting zone, i. H. in the area below the centrifugal wheels 5 (Fig. 1). In this area, the blasting agent can pass through the perforation of the strips 22 with a considerable amount of energy.
  • a circumferential wear protection 35 is assigned to each support ring on the sides facing the perforation, and is designed and arranged in such a way that it can be easily replaced. In the simplest case, it consists of a sheet metal construction. Likewise, a sheet metal covering 36 providing wear protection is placed over each longitudinal beam 11 and extends in particular in the area between the wear protection 35 covering the support rings 12.
  • a profile strip 38 is indicated in the area of the lower joint 37. As can be seen in more detail in FIG. 6, this profile strip 38 covers the joint 37, which gives the tolerances required for the exact mounting of the strip 22.
  • the profile strip 38 is triangular in cross section and lies loosely on the two lower strips 22 with its lower edges. It is clamped against the strips 22 by means of a screw bolt 39, correspondingly shaped counter pieces 41 being inserted between the clamping nuts 40 and the underside of the strips 22.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)
  • Nozzles For Electric Vacuum Cleaners (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Putzmaschine für Gußstücke mit einer Putztrommel, die mit einem Zentriwinkel von ca. 120° um ihre Längsachse oszillierend angetrieben, von einer stirnseitigen Einfüllöffnung zu einer gegenüberliegenden Austragsöffnung geneigt angeordnet und mit einer sich in der Längsachse erstreckenden Strahlöffnung versehen ist, und mit ein oder mehr oberhalb der Strahlöffnung ortfest angeordneten Schleuderrädern.The invention relates to a cleaning machine for castings with a cleaning drum, which is driven to oscillate at a central angle of approximately 120 ° about its longitudinal axis, is inclined from an end filling opening to an opposite discharge opening and is provided with a jet opening extending in the longitudinal axis, and with one or more centrifugal wheels fixedly arranged above the jet opening.

Im Gegensatz zu chargenweise arbeitenden Putzmaschinen haben Putztrommein des vorgenannten Aufbaus den Vorteil einer kontinuierlichen Arbeitsweise, in dem die Gußstücke an der einen Stirnseite aufgegeben, während des Durchlaufs mit ggfs. einstellbarer Geschwindigkeit gestrahlt und an der anderen Stirnseite der Trommel kontinuierlich ausgetragen werden. Um die Schleuderräder mit den Zuführungsleitungen für die Strahlmittel nicht bewegen zu müssen, sind diese ortsfest angebracht. Die Putztrommel bewegt sich mit ihrer umfangsseitigen Strahlöffnung unter den Schleuderrädern hin und her. Der Zentriwinkel der oszillierenden Bewegung und damit auch die Breite der Strahlöffnung richten sich im wesentlichen nach dem gewünschten Füllungsgrad der Trommel und der Forderung, daß die Gußstücke in der Trommel nach Möglichkeit vollständig umgewälzt werden sollen. Hierbei hat sich ein Zentriwinkel von ca. 120° als günstig erwiesen. Gleichwohl läßt sich die Forderung nach vollständiger Umwälzung der Gußstücke bei oszillierend arbeitenden Putztrommeln wesentlich schwieriger erfüllen, als bei den chargenweise arbeitenden, jedoch kontinuierlich umlaufenden Trommeln.In contrast to batch cleaning machines, cleaning drums with the above-mentioned construction have the advantage of a continuous mode of operation, in which the castings are fed in on one end face, are blasted at an adjustable speed during the passage and are continuously discharged on the other end face of the drum. In order not to have to move the centrifugal wheels with the feed lines for the blasting media, they are fixed in place. The cleaning drum with its peripheral jet opening moves back and forth under the centrifugal wheels. The central angle of the oscillating movement and thus also the width of the jet opening depend essentially on the desired degree of filling of the drum and the requirement that the castings in the drum should be completely circulated if possible. Here, a central angle of approximately 120 ° has proven to be favorable. Nevertheless, the demand for complete circulation of the castings with oscillating cleaning drums is much more difficult to fulfill than with batch-wise, but continuously rotating drums.

Bei einer bekannten Ausführungsform (DE-A-24 24 086) weist die Putztrommel einen teilzylindrischen Querschnitt auf. Im Bereich der Öffnungsränder ist die Trommelwandung nach innen abgewinkelt eingezogen, um einen größtmöglichen Zentriwinkel für die oszillierende Bewegung zu erreichen, ohne daß die Gefahr besteht, daß die Gußstücke über den Öffnungsrand herausfallen. Dennoch lassen sich mit einer solchen Trommel, wie auch bei kontinuierlich umlaufenden Trommeln, bei vielen Gußstückformen keine befriedigenden Putzergebnisse erreichen, da die Trommelfüllung an der glatten zylindrischen Wandung abrutscht, ohne daß es zum Umwälzen kommt. Es sind deshalb bei kontinuierlich umlaufenden Trommeln Einbauten bekannt (US-A-2440 819), um sicherzustellen, daß die Gußstücke gewendet und auf allen Seiten gestrahlt werden. Diese Einbauten müssen an die jeweilige Gußstückform und -größe angepaßt werden, um einerseits die Forderung nach vollständiger Umwälzung zu erfüllen, andererseits empfindliche Gußstücke nicht zu beschädigen. Dies erfordert vielfach umfangreiche Vorversuche. Auch sind kontinuierlich arbeitende Trommeln in Form eines regelmäßigen Achtecks bekannt, die aber gleichfalls ein Umwälzen bei jeder Gußstückform und -größe nicht gewährleisten. Schließlich sind oszillierend arbeitende Trommeln bekannt (DD-A-34667), bei denen die innere Trommelkontur sägezahnartig profiliert ist. Solche Trommeln sind wiederum für kleine und einfache Gußstücke, die im Zahngrund liegenbleiben können, wie auch für Gußstücke verwickelter Form ungeeignet, da diese hängen bleiben und sich verhaken können.In a known embodiment (DE-A-24 24 086), the cleaning drum has a partially cylindrical cross section. In the area of the opening edges, the drum wall is drawn in angled inwards in order to achieve the greatest possible central angle for the oscillating movement without the risk of the castings falling out over the opening edge. Nevertheless, with such a drum, as with continuously rotating drums, satisfactory cleaning results cannot be achieved with many casting molds, since the drum filling slips on the smooth cylindrical wall without any circulation. For continuous revolving drums, internals are therefore known (US-A-2440 819) to ensure that the castings are turned over and blasted on all sides. These internals have to be adapted to the respective shape and size of the casting, on the one hand to meet the requirement for complete circulation, and on the other hand not to damage sensitive castings. This often requires extensive preliminary tests. Continuously operating drums in the form of a regular octagon are also known, but they also do not guarantee circulation in any cast shape and size. Finally, oscillating drums are known (DD-A-34667), in which the inner contour of the drum is sawtooth-shaped. Such drums are in turn unsuitable for small and simple castings which can remain in the tooth base, as well as for castings of an intricate shape, since these can get caught and get caught.

Außer diesen mit starrer Putztrommel arbeitenden Putzmaschinen sind auch solche bekannt, bei denen die Trommelwandung durch ein oszillierend angetriebenes Muldenband oder ein kontinuierlich umlaufendes Raupenband gebildet wird (GB-A-801 683, CH-A-68 860). Hierbei treten allerdings hinsichtlich der Umwälzung der Gußstücke die gleichen Probleme wie bei Putztrommeln mit starrer Wandung auf. Hinzukommen Schwierigkeiten in funktionstechnischer Hinsicht, da diese Bänder aus verschleißfestem Material hergestellt, infolgedessen als Schuppenbänder ausgebildet sein müssen. Im übrigen sind solche Konstruktionen sehr kostenaufwendig.In addition to these cleaning machines working with a rigid cleaning drum, there are also known ones in which the drum wall is formed by an oscillatingly driven trough belt or a continuously rotating caterpillar belt (GB-A-801 683, CH-A-68 860). Here, however, the same problems arise with regard to the circulation of the castings as with cleaning drums with rigid walls. In addition, there are difficulties from a functional point of view, since these tapes are made of wear-resistant material and consequently have to be designed as scale tapes. Otherwise, such constructions are very expensive.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Putzmaschine des eingangs geschilderten Aufbaus mit oszillierend angetriebener Putztrommel so auszubilden, daß - unabhängig von der Werkstückform und dem Füllungsgrad der Putztrommel - stets eine vollständige Umwälzung der Gußstücke sichergestellt ist.The invention has for its object to provide a cleaning machine of the structure described above with an oscillating cleaning drum so that - regardless of the workpiece shape and the degree of filling of the cleaning drum - a complete circulation of the castings is always ensured.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Wandung der Trommel einen polygonartigen Querschnitt besitzt und zwei einen Winkel von ca. 120° zwischen sich einschließende Bodenteile und sich daran zur Strahlöffnung anschließende Wandteile aufweist.This object is achieved in that the wall of the drum has a polygonal cross-section and two has an angle of approximately 120 ° between the bottom parts enclosing it and wall parts adjoining it to the jet opening.

Aufgrund des Öffnungswinkels der beiden Bodenteile von 120° wird der größte Teil der Trommelwandung von diesen Bodenteilen gebildet. Der Winkel von 120° führt dazu, daß bei einem Oszillationswinkel von gleichfalls ca. 120° in den beiden Endlagen der Trommel jeweils ein Bodenteil etwa senkrecht steht, sodaß selbst diejenigen Gußstücke, die bis in die Endlage ohne Relativbewegung gegenüber der Trommelwandung mitgenommen werden, spätestens in dieser Lage umkippen und zurückfallen. Praktische Versuche haben gezeigt, daß dieses Ergebnis auch unabhängig von der Form der Gußstücke eintritt.Due to the opening angle of the two base parts of 120 °, the largest part of the drum wall is formed by these base parts. The angle of 120 ° means that with an oscillation angle of approximately 120 ° in each of the two end positions of the drum, a bottom part is approximately vertical, so that even those castings that are taken to the end position without relative movement with respect to the drum wall, at the latest in this position topple over and fall back. Practical tests have shown that this result occurs regardless of the shape of the castings.

In bevorzugter Ausführung beträgt der von den Bodenteilen eingeschlossene Winkel etwas weniger als 120°, z. B. zwischen 110° und 116°. Dadurch wird erreicht daß bei einem Oszillationswinkel von 120° jeweils eines der Bodenteile in den Endlagen der Trommel schwach nach innen geneigt ist, sodaß selbst große und sperrige Gußstücke spätestens in dieser Lage kippen.In a preferred embodiment, the angle enclosed by the base parts is somewhat less than 120 °, e.g. B. between 110 ° and 116 °. This ensures that at an oscillation angle of 120 ° one of the bottom parts in the end positions of the drum is slightly inclined inwards, so that even large and bulky castings tip at the latest in this position.

Die erfindungsgemäße Ausbildung der Trommel führt nicht nur zu einwandfrei gestrahl-The design of the drum according to the invention not only leads to perfectly blasted

ten Gußstücken, sondern ist insbesondere gegenüber Putzmaschinen mit Mulden- oder Raupenband wesentlich kostengünstiger.ten castings, but is significantly cheaper, especially compared to cleaning machines with trough or caterpillar belt.

Die sich jeweils an die Bodenteile anschließenden Wandteile konnen aus zwei Wandabschnitten bestehen, deren Winkellage zueinander und zu dem Bodenteil so bemessen ist, daß die Wandung der Trommel im Bereich des Randes der Strahlöffnung schwach nach innengezogen ist. Hierdurch wird vermieden, daß auch ein Gußtück, das ins Trudeln kommt, aus der Trommel herausfallen kann.The wall parts adjoining the bottom parts can consist of two wall sections, the angular position of which relative to one another and to the bottom part is dimensioned such that the wall of the drum in the region of the edge of the jet opening is slightly drawn inwards. This prevents a casting that is spinning from falling out of the drum.

Gemäß einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist im Bereich des Stoßes der beiden Bodenteile eine den Stoß innenseitig überdeckende Profilleiste angeordnet. Diese Profilleiste sorgt dafür, daß während der Trommelbewegung ein Gußstück nicht von einem Bodenteil ungehindert auf das andere abrutschen kann, vielmehr ein Hindernis vorfindet, das für eine Umwälzung sorgt. Hierbei ist allerdings zu betonen, daß - im Gegensatz zum Stand der Technik - eine einzige solche Profilleiste ausreicht.According to a further exemplary embodiment of the invention, a profile strip covering the inside of the joint is arranged in the region of the joint between the two base parts. This profile strip ensures that a casting cannot slide freely from one base part to the other during the drum movement, but rather finds an obstacle which causes circulation. However, it should be emphasized that - in contrast to the prior art - a single such profile strip is sufficient.

Die Profilleiste ist vorteilhafterweise mittels Schrauben und den beiden Bodenteilen außenseitig anliegenden Konterstücken befestigt. Diese Ausführung bietet dann besondere Vorteile, wenn die einzelnen Wandabschnitte nicht zu einem einstückigen Trommelkörper verbunden, sondern einzeln an der Trommel befestigt sind. In diesem Fall werden die beiden Bodenteile durch die Profilleiste und das Konterstück miteinander verspannt und zugleich der zwischen ihnen vorhandene Spalt abgedichtet.The profile strip is advantageously fastened by means of screws and the two bottom parts of the counter pieces lying on the outside. This design offers particular advantages if the individual wall sections are not connected to form a one-piece drum body, but rather are individually fastened to the drum. In this case, the two base parts are clamped together by the profile strip and the counterpart and at the same time the gap between them is sealed.

Mit Vorzug sind die Boden- und Wandteile an einer Tragkonstruktion der Trommel lösbar befestigt. Dabei kann die Tragkonstruktion aus wenigstens zwei Tragringen und diese verbindenden Längsträgern bestehen, wobei die Boden- und Wandteile an den Tragringen lösbar befestigt sind. Die Boden- und Wandteile, die im allgemeinen einem unterschiedlich starken Verschleiß ausgesetzt sind, können also einzeln ausgetauscht werden.The floor and wall parts are preferably detachably fastened to a supporting structure of the drum. The support structure can consist of at least two support rings and longitudinal beams connecting them, the base and wall parts being releasably attached to the support rings. The floor and wall parts, which are generally exposed to different levels of wear, can therefore be replaced individually.

Mit Vorzug ist zu diesem Zweck vorgesehen, daß die Boden- und Wandteile auf ihrer Außenseite Ansätze aufweisen und mittels an diesen und den Tragringen angreifender Keile befestigt sind. Diese Keilverbindung ist insbesondere für den robusten Betrieb in der Gußputzerei besonders geeignet und gestattet eine einfache Montage und einen leichten Austausch der Boden- und Wandteile.For this purpose, it is preferably provided that the base and wall parts have projections on their outside and are fastened by means of wedges which engage them and the support rings. This wedge connection is particularly suitable for robust operation in the foundry and allows easy assembly and easy replacement of the floor and wall parts.

Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform weisen die Boden- und Wandteile an ihrer Außenseite einen den Ansatz bildenden Steg und die Tragringe einen zu den Boden- bzw. Wandteilen parallelen Flansch auf, der seitlich angeordnete Schlitze zur Aufnahme der axialen Enden der Stege besitzt, wobei die Stege im Bereich ihrer Enden je ein Loch für den den Flansch der Tragringe hintergreifenden Keil aufweisen. Ggfs. kann der Keil mittels eines lösbar an ihm angebrachten Anschlags gesichert sein. Die Keilverbindung hat nicht nur die vorgenannten Vorteile hinsichtlich der Montage und des Austauschs, sondern auch den Vorteil, daß die sich selbst nach Strahlmittel-zutritt, der bei anderen Verbindungen zum Verschweißen führt, stets einfach lösen läßt.According to an advantageous embodiment, the bottom and wall parts have on their outside a web forming the shoulder and the support rings have a flange parallel to the floor or wall parts, which has laterally arranged slots for receiving the axial ends of the webs, the webs in Area of their ends each have a hole for the wedge engaging behind the flange of the support rings. If necessary. the wedge can be secured by means of a detachably attached stop. The wedge connection not only has the aforementioned advantages with regard to assembly and replacement, but also the advantage that it can always be easily removed even after blasting agent access, which leads to welding with other connections.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind in den Ansprüchen 11 bis 15 gekennzeichnet.Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are characterized in claims 11 to 15.

Nachstehend ist die Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung beschrieben, die ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wiedergibt. In der Zeichnung zeigen :

  • Figur 1 Eine Seitenansicht der Putzmaschine in schematischer Darstellung ;
  • Figur 2 einen Schnitt 11-11 gemäß Figur 1 ;
  • Figur 3 eine teilweise geschnittene, vergrößerte Ansicht der Keilverbindung ;
  • Figur 4 einen Schnitt IV-IV gemäß Figur 1 ;
  • Figur 5 einen Schnitt V-V gemäß Figur 1 und
  • Figur 6 einen vergrößerten Schnitt des Details VI in Figur 2.
The invention is described below with reference to the drawing, which shows an embodiment of the invention. The drawing shows:
  • Figure 1 is a side view of the cleaning machine in a schematic representation;
  • Figure 2 shows a section 11-11 of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a partially sectioned, enlarged view of the wedge connection;
  • FIG. 4 shows a section IV-IV according to FIG. 1;
  • 5 shows a section VV according to Figure 1 and
  • FIG. 6 shows an enlarged section of detail VI in FIG. 2.

Die in Figur 1 schematisch gezeige Putzmaschine besteht aus einer Putztrommel 1 und einer diese staubdicht umgebenden Putzkabine 2, die stirnseitig durch Gummivorhänge 3, 4 od. dgl. verschlossen ist. An der Decke der Putzkabine 2 sind zwei oder mehr Schleuderräder 5 ortsfest angebracht. Die Zufuhr der Gußstücke kann beispielsweise über eine Schwingrinne 6 erfolgen, während der Austrag durch den Gummivorhang 4 über eine nicht dargestellte Rutsche od. dgl. geschieht.The cleaning machine shown schematically in FIG. 1 consists of a cleaning drum 1 and a cleaning booth 2 surrounding it in a dust-tight manner, which is closed at the end by rubber curtains 3, 4 or the like. On the ceiling of the cleaning booth 2, two or more centrifugal wheels 5 are fixed in place. The castings can be supplied, for example, via a vibrating trough 6, while the discharge through the rubber curtain 4 takes place via a slide (not shown) or the like.

Die Putztrommel 1 weist Laufringe 7 auf, mittels der sie auf Rollensätzen 8 läuft. Der Antrieb kann herkömmlicher Art sein. Die Achse der Putztrommel 1 ist von der Einfüllöffnung 9 zur Austragsöffnung 10 hin fallend geneigt. Statt dessen können aber auch die Laufringe 7 lotrecht und nur die Trommelwandung geneigt angeordnet sein. Die Putztrommel 1 weist ferner eine Tragkonstruktion auf, die aus Längsträgern 11, z. B. aus Vierkantrohr, und aus mehreren nebeneinander angeordneten Ringen 12 besteht, die an den Längsträgern 11 befestigt sind. Die Längsträger selbst verbinden die Laufringe 7 miteinander bzw. mit einem an der Austragsöffnung 10 angeordneten Endflansch 13.The cleaning drum 1 has races 7, by means of which it runs on roller sets 8. The drive can be conventional. The axis of the cleaning drum 1 is inclined to fall from the filling opening 9 to the discharge opening 10. Instead, however, the races 7 can also be arranged perpendicularly and only the drum wall can be inclined. The cleaning drum 1 also has a supporting structure which consists of longitudinal beams 11, for. B. from square tube, and consists of several juxtaposed rings 12 which are attached to the side members 11. The longitudinal members themselves connect the races 7 to one another or to an end flange 13 arranged at the discharge opening 10.

Wie aus Fig. 2 erkennbar, ist die Einfüllöffnung 9 in einer Scheibe 14 vorgesehen, die ortsfest angeordnet ist und zum stirnseitigen Abschluß 15 der Putztrommel 1 einen nur geringen Spalt freiläßt. Die Wandung der Putztrommel 1 ist im Bereich unterhalb der Schleuderräder 5 (Fig. 1) unter Bildung einer Strahlöffnung (16) sektorförmig ausgeschnitten. Der Sektor ist so gewählt, daß die Trommel bei oszillierender Drehung um ihre Längsachse einen Zentriwinkel von etwa 120° überstreichen kann, ohne daß das Strahlmittel auf den Rand der Strahlöffnung 16 oder außerhalb derselben aufprallt.As can be seen from FIG. 2, the filling opening 9 is provided in a disk 14 which is arranged in a stationary manner and leaves only a small gap to the front end 15 of the cleaning drum 1. The wall of the cleaning drum 1 is cut out in the area below the centrifugal wheels 5 (FIG. 1) to form a jet opening (16). The sector is chosen so that the drum can sweep a central angle of about 120 ° with oscillating rotation about its longitudinal axis without the blasting agent hitting the edge of the blasting opening 16 or outside of it.

Die Trommelwandung weist zwei großflächige Bodenteile 17 auf, die in der Ruhestellung der Putztrommel 1 in deren unteren Scheitel zusammenstoßen. Dabei schließen die beiden Bodenteile 17 einen Winkel a von etwas weniger als 120°, z. B. von 112° ein. An die großflächigen Bodenteile 17 schließt sich ein Wandteil 18 an, der aus zwei Wandabschnitten 20, 21 besteht. Diese Wandabschnitte 20, 21 sind so ausgebildet und angeordnet, daß die Trommelwandung im Bereich der Strahlöffnung 16 schwach nach innen eingezogen ist, wie dies die Anordnung des Wandabschnittes 21 erkennen läßt. Die Bodenteile 17 und die Wandabschnitte 20, 21 sind beim wiedergegebenen Ausführungsbeispiel nicht als einstückiger Körper hergestellt, sondern bestehen aus einzelnen Leisten 25 gleicher Abmessung, deren Länge etwa dem Abstand der Ringe 12 (Fig. 1) entspricht. Jede Leiste 22 weist auf ihrer Außenseite einen Steg 23 auf, ist also als T-Profil ausgebildet. Ebenso sind die Tragringe 12 T-profilartig gestaltet, besitzen also einen Flansch 24, der im wesentlichen parallel zu den Leisten 22 angeordnet ist, und einen nach außen weisenden Steg 25. Die Flanschen 24 der Tragringe 12 sind dabei in einer der Anordnung der Bodenteile 17 und Wandteile 18 entsprechenden Querschnittskontur angeordnet. Zur Verbesserung der Aussteifung der Trommelwandung durch die Tragringe 12 kann deren Steg 25 eine Außenkontur aufweisen, die über den Umfang variiert, um auf diese Weise das für die Aufnahme der Biegekräfte verantwortliche Flächenmoment dem Abstand zwischen den Längsträgern 11 anzupassen. Die Leisten 22 sind zumindest im Bereich der Bodenteile 17 teilweise perforiert, um den Durchtritt des Strahlmittels und der beim Putzen anfallenden Partikel zu ermoglichen. Die an der Rückseite der Leisten 22 angebrachten Stege 23 sind im Bereich ihrer Enden mittels einer Keilverbindung 26, die in Fig. 2 rechts oben angedeutet ist, lösbar an den Tragringen 12 befestigt. Dabei sind zwischen den Flanschen 24 der Tragringe 12 und den Leisten 22 schalldämmende Materialstriefen, z. B. Gummistreifen 27 eingelegt. Diese verhindern auch, daß die während des Betriebs auftretenden Erschütterungen ungedämpft auf die Keilverbindungen 26 übertragen werden.The drum wall has two large base parts 17, which collide in the rest position of the cleaning drum 1 in its lower apex. The two base parts 17 close an angle a of slightly less than 120 °, e.g. B. of 112 °. A wall part 18, which consists of two wall sections 20, 21, adjoins the large-area floor parts 17. These wall sections 20, 21 are designed and arranged such that the drum wall in the region of the jet opening 16 is drawn in slightly, as can be seen from the arrangement of the wall section 21. The base parts 17 and the wall sections 20, 21 are not produced as a one-piece body in the exemplary embodiment shown, but consist of individual strips 25 of the same dimension, the length of which corresponds approximately to the distance between the rings 12 (FIG. 1). Each bar 22 has a web 23 on its outside, so it is designed as a T-profile. Likewise, the support rings 12 are designed in the manner of a T profile, that is to say they have a flange 24 which is arranged essentially parallel to the strips 22, and an outwardly pointing web 25. The flanges 24 of the support rings 12 are in one of the arrangement of the base parts 17 and wall parts 18 corresponding cross-sectional contour arranged. To improve the stiffening of the drum wall by the support rings 12, their web 25 can have an outer contour which varies over the circumference, in order in this way to adapt the surface moment responsible for absorbing the bending forces to the distance between the longitudinal beams 11. The strips 22 are partially perforated, at least in the area of the base parts 17, in order to allow the blasting agent and the particles resulting from the cleaning to pass through. The webs 23 attached to the back of the strips 22 are detachably attached to the support rings 12 in the region of their ends by means of a wedge connection 26, which is indicated at the top right in FIG. 2. There are between the flanges 24 of the support rings 12 and the strips 22 sound-absorbing material streaks, for. B. rubber strip 27 inserted. These also prevent the vibrations occurring during operation from being transmitted to the wedge connections 26 without damping.

Die Keilverbindung 26 ist in Fig. 3 vergrößert wiedergegeben. Die Flansche 24 der Tragringe 12 sind seitlich mit Schlitzen 27' versehen, in welche die Enden der an den Leisten 22 angebrachten Stege 23 eingreifen. Die Stege 23 weisen im Bereich dieser Enden Löcher 28 auf, die - von der Innenseite der Trommel her gesehen - in der Montagelage jenseits der Flansche 24 der Tragringe 12 liegen. Auf der Rückseite der Flansche 24 wird ein Hammerkeil 29 in die Löcher 28 eingeschlagen, wobei sich die Anzugfläche 30 des Keils auf der dem Flansch 24 abgekehrten Seite befindet. Zur Sicherung des Hammerkeils 29 dient beim gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel ein Anschlagplättchen 31, das ein Langloch 32 aufweist und mittels einer Schraube 33, die den Schaft des Keils 29 durchgreift, so festgelegt wird, daß sie mit ihrer Oberkante 34 der Unterkante der Leiste 23 anliegt.The wedge connection 26 is shown enlarged in FIG. 3. The flanges 24 of the support rings 12 are laterally provided with slots 27 'into which the ends of the webs 23 attached to the strips 22 engage. The webs 23 have holes 28 in the area of these ends, which - seen from the inside of the drum - are in the assembly position beyond the flanges 24 of the support rings 12. A hammer wedge 29 is hammered into the holes 28 on the back of the flanges 24, the wedge engagement surface 30 being on the side facing away from the flange 24. To secure the hammer wedge 29 is used in the embodiment shown, a stop plate 31 which has an elongated hole 32 and is fixed by means of a screw 33 which passes through the shaft of the wedge 29 so that it rests with its upper edge 34 on the lower edge of the bar 23.

Figur 4 zeigt einen Längsschnitt durch die Putztrommel 1 in der Strahlzone, d. h. im Bereich unterhalb der Schleuderräder 5 (Fig. 1). In diesem Bereich kann das Strahlmittel durch die Perforation der Leisten 22 mit einer noch beachtlichen Energie hindurchtreten. Um einen frühzeitigen Verschleiß der aus den Tragringen 12 und den Längsträgern 11 bestehenden Tragkonstruktion zu vermeiden, ist jedem Tragring auf den der Perforation zugekehrten Seiten ein umlaufender Verschleißschutz 35 zugeordnet, der so ausgebildet und angeordnet ist, daß er sich leicht austauschen läßt. Er besteht im einfachsten Fall aus einer Blechkonstruktion. Ebenso ist über jeden Längsträger 11 eine einen Verschleißschutz bietende Blechverkleidung 36 gestülpt, die sich insbesondere im Bereich zwischen den die Tragringe 12 abdeckenden Verschleißschutz 35 erstreckt. In dem in Fig. 5 im Schnitt gezeigten Austragsbereich der Putztrommel, in welchem in erster Linie noch vorhandenes Strahlmittel und Putzpartikel von den Gußstücken getrennt werden und nach außen durchfallen, brauchen die Tragringe 12 nicht mehr gesondert geschützt werden, da Strahlmittel und Putzpartikel nur durch Schwerkraft nach unten herausfallen. Es ist deswegen nur für die Längsträger eine Blechverkleidung 36 vorgesehen.Figure 4 shows a longitudinal section through the cleaning drum 1 in the blasting zone, i. H. in the area below the centrifugal wheels 5 (Fig. 1). In this area, the blasting agent can pass through the perforation of the strips 22 with a considerable amount of energy. In order to avoid premature wear of the support structure consisting of the support rings 12 and the side members 11, a circumferential wear protection 35 is assigned to each support ring on the sides facing the perforation, and is designed and arranged in such a way that it can be easily replaced. In the simplest case, it consists of a sheet metal construction. Likewise, a sheet metal covering 36 providing wear protection is placed over each longitudinal beam 11 and extends in particular in the area between the wear protection 35 covering the support rings 12. In the discharge area of the cleaning drum shown in section in FIG. 5, in which primarily still existing abrasive and cleaning particles are separated from the castings and fall through to the outside, the support rings 12 no longer need to be protected separately, since the abrasive and cleaning particles only by gravity fall out down. A sheet metal cladding 36 is therefore only provided for the longitudinal members.

In Fig. 2 ist im Bereich des unteren Stoßes 37 eine Profilleiste 38 angedeutet. Wie aus Fig. 6 näher ersichtlich, überdeckt diese Profilleiste 38 den Stoß 37, der die für die exakte Montage der Leiste 22 erforderlichen Toleranzen gibt. Die Profilleiste 38 ist im Querschnitt dreieckförmig ausgebildet und liegt mit ihren Unterkanten den beiden unteren Leisten 22 lose auf. Sie ist mittels eines Schraubbolzens 39 gegen die Leisten 22 verspannt, wobei zwischen den Spannmuttern 40 und der Unterseite der Leisten 22 entsprechend geformte Konterstücke 41 eingesetzt sind.2, a profile strip 38 is indicated in the area of the lower joint 37. As can be seen in more detail in FIG. 6, this profile strip 38 covers the joint 37, which gives the tolerances required for the exact mounting of the strip 22. The profile strip 38 is triangular in cross section and lies loosely on the two lower strips 22 with its lower edges. It is clamped against the strips 22 by means of a screw bolt 39, correspondingly shaped counter pieces 41 being inserted between the clamping nuts 40 and the underside of the strips 22.

Claims (15)

1. Sand-blasting machine for castings with a tumbler (1), driven in oscillating manner about its longitudinal axis with a central angle of approximately 120°, arranged in sloping manner from a frontal filling hole (9) to a facing discharge hole (10) and provided with a blasting opening (16) extending in the longitudinal axis and with one or more bladed wheels (5) arranged above the blasting opening (16), characterized in that the wall of tumbler (1) has a polygon-like cross-section and two base parts (17) forming an angle (a) of approximately 120° between them and wall parts (18) following on to the same towards blasting opening (16).
2. Sand-blasting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle (α) formed by base parts (17) is between 110 and 116°.
. 3. Sand-Blasting machine according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the wall parts (18) following on to base parts (17) in each case comprise two wall portions (20, 21), whose angular position to one another and to the base parts (17) is dimensioned in such a way that the wall of tumbler (1) is drawn slightly inwards in the vicinity of the edge of blasting opening (16).
4. Sand-blasting machine according to one of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that in the vicinity of the junction (37) of the two base parts (17) is provided a profile strip (38) covering the inside of the junction.
5. Sand-blasting machine according to claim 4, characterized in that the profile strip (38) is fixed by means of screws (39) passing through junction (37) and counter members (41) externally engaging on the two base parts (17).
6. Sand-blasting machine according to one of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the base and wall parts (17, 18) are detachably fixed to a support structure (11, 12) of tumbler (1).
7. Sand-blasting machine according to claims 6, characterized in that the support structure comprises at least two support rings (12) and longitudinal supports (11) connecting the same and that the base and wall parts (17, 18) are detachably fixed to the support rings (12).
8. Sand-blasting machine according to claims 6 or 7, characterized in that on their outside, the base and wall parts (17, 18) have shoulders (23) and are fixed by means of wedges (26) engaging on the latter and on support rings (12).
9. Sand-blasting machine according to one of the claims 6 to 8, characterized in that on their outside, the base and wall parts (17, 18) have a web (23) forming the shoulder and the support rings (12) have a flange (24) parallel to the base and/or wall parts, said flange having lateral slots (27') for receiving the axial ends of webs (23) and that in the vicinity of their ends, each of the webs (23) has a hole (28) for the wedge (29) engaging behind the flange (24) of the support rings (12).
10. Sand-blasting machine according to one of the claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the wedge (29) is secured by means of a stop member detachably fitted thereto.
11. Sand-blasting machine according to one of the claims 6 to 10, characterized in that the support rings (12) are constructed as a T-profile, between whose flanges (24) on the one hand and the base and/or wall parts (17, 18) on the other are arranged sound-insulating material strips (27).
12. Sand-blasting machine according to one of the claims 6 to 11, characterized in that the base and wall parts (17, 18) are formed from parallel strips (22) and each strip has web (23) on its outside.
13. Sand-blasting machine according to claim 12 characterized in that all the strips (22) have the same dimensions.
14. Sand-blasting machine according to claims 12 or 13, characterized in that at least part of the strips (22) forming the base part (17) is perforated.
15. Sand-blasting machine according to one of the claims 1 to 12, characterized in that a protection (35) against wear and tear is associated with the support rings (12) and the longitudinal supports (11) on the sides facing the outside of the tumbler wall.
EP80104424A 1979-08-03 1980-07-28 Cleaning machine for castings Expired EP0023999B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2931578 1979-08-03
DE2931578A DE2931578C2 (en) 1979-08-03 1979-08-03 Plastering machine for castings

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0023999A1 EP0023999A1 (en) 1981-02-18
EP0023999B1 true EP0023999B1 (en) 1983-03-09

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ID=6077583

Family Applications (1)

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US (1) US4319624A (en)
EP (1) EP0023999B1 (en)
DE (1) DE2931578C2 (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2155649B (en) * 1984-02-06 1988-11-09 Konishiroku Photo Ind Camera
US4680898A (en) * 1984-04-20 1987-07-21 Carpenter Jr James H Method and apparatus for cleaning workpieces
US4757648A (en) * 1986-08-04 1988-07-19 Pangborn Corporation Rocker barrel configuration
US5531263A (en) * 1993-10-08 1996-07-02 Sintokogio, Ltd. Oscillating trough for shot blast

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DD85288A (en) *
US338847A (en) * 1886-03-30 Stephen b
DD34667A (en) *
US1692864A (en) * 1924-01-14 1928-11-27 Jr Elmer A Rich Sand-blast machine
US2440819A (en) * 1944-03-09 1948-05-04 Pangborn Corp Tumbling mill
US2422786A (en) * 1944-08-31 1947-06-24 Pangborn Corp Tumbling mill and method of tumbling
US2519162A (en) * 1948-03-15 1950-08-15 Thomas T Tucker Acoustic testing structure including sound absorbing panels
GB801683A (en) * 1953-10-12 1958-09-17 H G Sommerfield Ltd Improvements relating to apparatus for continuously re-orientating articles during treatment thereof
US3172644A (en) * 1963-03-12 1965-03-09 Dean F Smith Rotary tumbler and method for making same
US3431684A (en) * 1966-10-27 1969-03-11 Mcdowell Wellman Eng Co Rotary abrading device
US3795311A (en) * 1973-03-23 1974-03-05 Universal Oil Prod Co Mounting assembly for vibrating screen deck
DE2424086A1 (en) * 1974-05-17 1975-11-27 Vogel & Schemmann Masch Continuous drum sand blasting device - drum inclined in longitudinal direction and supported pivot about its axis between two angular positions
DE2806238A1 (en) * 1978-02-14 1979-08-16 Arenco Bmd Maschfab CASTING MACHINE FOR CASTINGS AND OTHER WORK PIECES

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DE2931578C2 (en) 1983-11-24
DE2931578A1 (en) 1981-02-19
EP0023999A1 (en) 1981-02-18
US4319624A (en) 1982-03-16

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