DK2986498T3

DK2986498T3 - Shelf plate and body for securing containers on a vessel, in particular a ship, and a welding system consisting thereof

Info

Publication number: DK2986498T3
Application number: DK14741502.0T
Authority: DK
Inventors: Christian Bederke
Original assignee: Sec Ships Equipment Centre Bremen Gmbh&Co Kg
Priority date: 2013-04-18
Filing date: 2014-04-17
Publication date: 2018-12-10
Also published as: DE112014002010A5; KR20150144788A; KR101813350B1; WO2014169903A4; JP2016520473A; DE102013103951A1; CN105121267B; EP2986498A2; CN105121267A; WO2014169903A2; EP2986498B1; WO2014169903A3; JP6145908B2

Description

Lashing Plate and Lashing Means for Lashing Containers on a Vehicle, in Particular a Ship, and Lashing System Consisting Thereof

The invention relates to a lashing plate for mounting lashing means for containers on a vehicle, in particular a ship, comprising at least two lashing eyes. Furthermore, the invention relates to a lashing means for lashing containers on a vehicle, in particular a ship.

Aboard ships destined to travel at sea, lashing plates serve, for instance, to mount lashing means by which containers may be lashed. The lashing plates are mounted on deck of the ship or on a lashing bridge, namely welded in practice. The known lashing plates comprise one (e.g. the applicant’s lashing plate LAP-1) or two (e.g the applicant’s lashing plate LAP-2/100) lashing eyes to which the lashing means can be attached. In practice, a threaded spindle of a tensioning screw is attached by means of a shackle which is integrally or firmly bonded to the threaded spindle, wherein a stud or locking pin is guided through the lashing eye. The stud is connected at the other end thereof with a lashing rod which is in turn hooked in a front side long hole of a container comer fitting by means of a hook fitting. The lashing thus formed is tensioned by appropriate screwing of the tensioning screw.

The lash plate LAP-2/100 comprising two lashing eyes serves to attach one lashing means each for two containers stored next to each other on deck of the ship. Thus, exactly one lashing eye is assigned to each lashing means.

Modern containers for the transport of goods are used in two different heights, namely 8’6“ (8 feet and 6 inches) as well as 9’6“ (9 feet and 6 inches).

This means that the lashing means assume a different angle relative to the ship’s deck, depending on the height of the containers to be lashed. In the case of lashing means mounted on a lashing bridge by means of the lashing plates, this problem is even aggravated. The height of the lashing bridge above the ship’s deck differs from ship type to ship type and corresponds to a stacking height of one up to presently four stacked containers. Accordingly, depending on the concrete stacking height, the lashing means may assume two (in the case of a lashing bridge having the height of one container) up to five (in the case of a lashing bridge having the height of four containers) different angles, namely, for instance, in the case of a lashing bridge having the height of three containers, the flattest angle with a stacking height of three 8’6“ containers, the next steeper angle with a stacking height of two 8’6“ containers and one 9’6“ container, then with a stacking height of one 8’6“ container and two 9’6“ containers, and finally the steepest angle with a stacking height of three 9’6“ containers. This is of disadvantage since the direction of force with which the lashing means act during lashing on the container corner fittings cannot be adjusted optimally.

So far, containers have predominantly been provided with inner lashings on ships, although outer lashings would be more advantageous due to the more favorable introduction of forces. In the case of outer lashings, however, the further problem exists that the lashing rods assigned to two adjacent containers, depending on the difference of the stacking height of the two adjacent container stacks, cross each other slightly below the hook fittings, which may lead to collisions of the lashing rods. This in turn means that possibly at least one of the lashing rods cannot be attached. A further demand on the lashing means consists in that they are secured captively in a state released from the container to be lashed, and that the lashing means cannot drop and injure persons.

Starting out from this, the problem underlying the invention is to provide a lashing plate and a lashing means as well as a system consisting thereof by which it is possible to attach lashing means at a constant angle, while they are simultaneously secured captively to the lashing plates.

For solution of this problem, the lashing plate according to the invention is characterized in that the lashing plate comprises at least two lashing eyes, which are connected solely linear guidance rail for the lashing mans, and the lashing means comprises a guidance means complementary to the guidance rail of the lashing plate.

Due to the design of the lashing plates in accordance with the invention, each stacking height of containers which is concretely possible on a ship can be assigned with a respective lashing eye. This makes it possible to keep the attack angles of the lashing means on the container constant irrespective of the concrete stacking height in that the lashing means are always attached to the respectively associated lashing eye. Since the angle is always identical, the distance of the currently active lashing eye to the container corner at which the lashing system engages is constant irrespective of the stacking height. Thus, the tensioning system may be set with only few spindle rotations of the tensioning screw after the tensioning screw and the exemplary lashing rod have been connected with each other.

The afore-mentioned advantages are achieved both in the case of inner and in the case of outer lashing of the containers. Outer lashing of the containers can, however, also be implemented easily with the lashing plate according to the invention. Usually, lashing is performed at a top corner fitting of a container (bottom container) and at a bottom comer fitting of the container (top container) directly stacked upon said container. Thus, two parallel lashing rods (or else lashing ropes) are always available which cross with the two lashing rods for lashing the adjacent containers. Care must only be taken that first of all a first lashing rod is attached to the top comer fitting of one of the bottom containers, then a second lashing rod to the top comer fitting of the adjacent bottom container, subsequently a third lashing rod in the currently selected direction of rotation (clockwise direction or anticlockwise direction) to the bottom corner fitting of the top container which is stacked upon the bottom container at which the second lashing rod engages, and finally a fourth lashing rod to the remaining bottom corner fitting of the top container which is stacked upon the bottom container at which the first lashing rod engages. In other words, first of all the lashing rods have to be attached to the top corner fittings of the bottom containers and then to the bottom corner fittings of the top containers, while always proceeding in clockwise direction or in anticlockwise direction in a circle. This is also easier for the stevedore than in the case of known systems where the stevedore often had to puzzle in order to achieve a collision-free lashing. A guiding recess or a guiding projection is a particularly simple construction which is suited as a guide on the lashing plate. In this case, a bolt of a shackle is suited as a complementary guiding element, wherein the bolt is secured from being pulled out of the shackle farther than it corresponds to the depth and/or height of the guide. Thus, the bolt can always pulled out of the shackle only to such an extent that it cannot be released behind an edge or a side face of the guiding recess and/or the guiding projection.

It is of further advantage if the guide connects the at least two lashing eyes with each other. When the lashing means is transferred, it is thus guided from lashing eye to lashing eye by the guide, so that the attaching of the lashing means to the selected lashing eye is facilitated. A linear connection between the lashing eyes is particularly advantageous. In particular, the guide may be designed as a groove since then, for instance, the bolt of the lashing means is automatically threaded into the next lashing eye. The bolt is then guided transversely to the groove at both sides.

The design of the guide as a guiding groove relative to a slot has the further advantage that the lashing plate, in particular in the case of lashing means that are attached approximately in the middle, cannot or at least not so easily bend open due to tensile forces acting thereon.

In accordance with a constructional design of the invention, each lashing eye is assigned with a support element. On this support element, the lashing means, in practice usually a tensioning screw, can be deposited temporarily, so that it can be connected in a simplified manner with a further lashing means, in practice usually a lashing rod. The tensioning screw may then, with an appropriate design of the support element, already point roughly in the direction of the container corner in which the associated lashing rod is hooked.

The support elements may be designed mirror symmetrically to an axis through the center of the associated lashing eye. In this manner, only one type of lashing plates has to be provided, since the lashing plates may also be mounted on the ship “overhead”. The same type of lashing plate may be used both at the left and at the right of a container.

The lashing system described so far is possibly supplemented by a lashing rod for lashing containers on a vehicle, in particular a ship, comprising a lashing rod body and a hook fitting comprising a fitting plate and a pivot bearing by means of which the hook fitting may be hooked in a container comer fitting. In order to avoid the above-mentioned possible collisions of crossing lashing rods, the instant lashing rod is further characterized in that the fitting plate comprises at least two holding fixtures for the lashing rod body which are arranged at different distances to the pivot bearing. This renders it possible to vary the distance of the lashing rod body relative to the container corner fitting, so that a further degree of freedom for avoiding collisions of crossing lashing rods is given.

Since the afore-mentioned design of the lashing rod causes the lashing rod body and the hook fitting to be loosely connected with each other, the lashing rod body and the hook fitting should be secured captively with respect to each other. This avoids that the lashing rod body and the hook fitting detach from each other unintentionally and that any of the parts may drop on persons.

The invention will be explained in more detail in the following by means of an embodiment illustrated in the drawing. The drawing shows:

Figure 1 a lashing plate with the features of the invention in plan view,

Figure 2 the lashing plate pursuant to Figure 1 in cross section in the plane II - II,

Figure 3 a lashing means, namely a tensioning screw, with the features of the invention in side view,

Figure 4 a lashing rod for a system with the features of the invention in side view,

Figures 5a and 5b container stacks consisting exclusively of containers with a height of 8’6“ or 9’6“.

Figure 6 the region of respective comer fittings of four containers stacked on top of each other and next to each other pursuant to Figures 5a and/or 5b, with lashing rods hooked therein,

Figure 7 a container stack with containers of the height 8’6“ and a container of the height 9’6“ in the middle column,

Figure 8 the region of respective comer fittings of four containers stacked pursuant to Figure 7, with lashing rods hooked therein,

Figure 9 a container stack with containers of the height 8’6“ and two containers of the height 9’6“ in the middle column.

Figures 1 and 2 illustrate a lashing plate 10 with the features of the invention as individual parts. The instant lashing plate 10 is a longitudinal structure with a plurality of, namely nine, lashing eyes 11. The lashing eyes 11 are arranged in series and equidistantly to each other. The lashing eyes 11 are in the instant case formed as circular through holes.

Between the two outer lashing eyes 11, a guide, namely a guiding groove 12, extends across all the lashing eyes 11. The breadth of this guiding groove 12 is slightly smaller than the diameter of the lashing eyes 11.

The lashing plate 10 described so far cooperates, for lashing containers aboard a ship, with a lashing means, namely a tensioning screw 13, which is illustrated in more detail in Figure 3. Basically, a tensioning screw 13 of the known kind, comprising a tensioning screw body 14 and a threaded spindle 15, is used for this purpose. The tensioning screw body 14 comprises at one end thereof a holding fixture 16 into which a thickening 17 of a lashing rod 18 which is illustrated in more detail in Figure 4 may be hooked in a per se known manner. The threaded spindle 15 is also guided in a per se known manner through a sleeve 19. The tensioning screw 13 may be tensioned by means of a slide nut 20.

At the free end thereof, the threaded spindle 15 comprises a shackle 21 by means of which the tensioning screw 13 is attached to one of the lashing eyes 11 of the lashing plate 10. This shackle 21 is designed in a particular manner, namely with a locking pin 22 which cannot be pulled out completely of the shackle body 23 once it has been connected for the first time with the lashing plate 10. To this end, the locking pin 22 comprises a pin 24 extending transversely to the longitudinal axis of the locking pins 22. It may, as is also known from other shackles with locking pins, be guided through a groove in the associated bore 25 at a leg 26 of the shackle body 23. Then, the locking pin 22 is rotated about its longitudinal axis by a certain degree, and the pin 24 is, for instance, arrested in a pocket on the shackle body 23. However, the pin 24 does not fit through the bore 27 for the locking pin 22 in the other leg 28 of the shackle body 23 (at least not without being displaced relative to the locking pin 22), so that the locking pin 22 cannot be removed completely from the shackle body 23. Thus, the locking pin 22 is at the same time also secured captively.

The locking pin 22 is extended beyond the pin 24 (protrusion 29). The length of this protrusion 29 corresponds to the depth of the guiding groove 12 in the lashing plate 10. If the tensioning screw body 13 attached to one of the lashing eyes 11 is to be attached to another one of the lashing eyes 11, the locking pin 22 is pulled out to such an extent that the pin 24 abuts on the inner side of the other leg 28. Thus, the locking pin 22 is indeed released from the lashing eye 11, but not from the guiding groove 12. The tensioning screw 13 may now be displaced to another lashing eye 11. In this process, the tensioning screw 13 is guided through the protrusion 29 of the locking pin 22 in the guiding groove 12. Once the lashing eye 11 to be used now has been reached, the locking pin 22 is again inserted through this lashing eye 11 and through the bore 25 in the first leg 26, and is arrested in the above-described manner.

It is to be understood that the above-described procedure does not only work with locking pins 22, but also with studs which are often used with shackles.

For a sufficient captive securing of the tensioning screw 13 at the lashing plate 10 it is not necessarily required that the guide is designed as a guiding groove 12. The edge 46 of the lashing plate 10 which is arranged at the side of the tensioning screw body would be sufficient in this respect. The result of the design as a guiding groove is, however, a good guiding of the tensioning screw 13 in both directions during transfer, which facilitates transfer. Furthermore, the thickening of the material on the edge 46 of the opposite side increases the area moment of inertia of the lashing plate 10 and hence the bending stiffness thereof.

The lashing system described so far will be completed by the lashing rod 18 illustrated in more detail in Figure 4. It comprises a lashing rod body 30 and a hook fitting 31 connected with the lashing rod body 30. One or a plurality of the thickenings 17 already mentioned is/are arranged at the end of the lashing rod body 30 opposite to the hook fitting 31.

The hook fitting 31 itself comprises a fitting plate 32 and a pivot fitting 33. The pivot fitting 33 serves to hook the hook fitting 31 in a front-end long hole of a container corner fitting. With the fitting plate 32 the hook fitting 31 is guided through an eye 34 at the lash rod body 30 and captively secured by means of a pin 35.

The fitting plate 32 comprises at the top side thereof (the side facing away from the thickenings 17) three holding fixtures arranged one behind the other, which are formed as recesses 36 in the instant case. In this manner it is possible to adjust the distance at which the eye 34 is set relative to the pivot bearing 33 and hence to the container corner fitting. During the lashing of the container, the stevedore first of all hooks the hook fitting into the container comer fitting, then chooses any of the three recesses 36, connects the lashing rod 18 with the tensioning screw 13 that has already been positioned, and finally tensions the tensioning screw 13. A counter bearing 37 at the fitting plate 32 adheres to the container comer fitting in this process. The lashing system described so far is then completely tensioned, and the eye 34 of the lashing rod 18 can no longer slip out of the recess 36 just chosen.

Referring again to Figure 1, a further particularity of the lashing plate 10 which may also conceived independently will be explained in the following:

Each lashing eye 11 has a support element 38 assigned thereto. These support elements 38 are, as may be seen in particular by the definition of the sectional planes II - II in Figure 1, mirror symmetrical to a symmetry axis extending through the center of the associated lashing eye 11 in the radial direction. In the instant case, this symmetry axis extends also perpendicular to the longitudinal extension of the guiding groove 12. Furthermore, the support elements 38 first of all extend, at their side facing the associated lashing eye 11, trapezoidally and taper away from the lashing eye 11. This is followed by a rectangular region, so that a step 39 is produced at both sides of the support element 38. On this step 39, the bottom 40 of the shackle body 23 of the tensioning screw 13 may be supported once the tensioning screw 13 has been attached to the selected lashing eye 11. Thus, the tensioning screw 13 is already aligned roughly in the direction of the container comer to which the associated lashing rod 18 is attached.

The lashing plate 10 according to the invention is mounted on a vertical pillar 41 of a lashing bridge 42, namely welded thereto. To this end, the lashing plate 10 is chamfered in the usual manner at the longitudinal side opposite the support elements 38. Due to the above-mentioned symmetry of the support elements 38, the same type of lashing plate 10 may be welded at both sides of each pillar 41.

When storing the containers on deck of a container ship, the stevedore may ensure by selecting a suitable lashing eye 11 that the lashing rods 18 always engage at the same angle to the plane of the ship’s deck 42 and that crossing lashing rods 18 do not collide.

Figure 5a illustrates an example in which a container stack consists exclusively of containers 43 having the height of 8’6“. The tensioning screw 13 and the lashing rod 18 which are assigned to the top corner fitting 44 of the bottom container 43 are assigned to the bottommost lashing eye 11. Accordingly, the tensioning screw 13 and the lashing rod 18 which are assigned to be bottom corner fitting 45 of the top container 43 are assigned to the second lashing eye 11 from the bottom.

Figure 5b illustrates a container stack consisting exclusively of containers of the height 9’6“. Here, the maximum stacking height of containers 43 results. Accordingly, the tensioning screw 13 and the lashing rods 18 are assigned to the two topmost lashing eyes 11.

Figures 5a and 5b illustrate a so-called outer lashing. The lashing system according to the invention is particularly well suited exactly for this purpose. In contrast to the conventional inner lashing the tensioning screw 13 and the associated lashing rod 18 do not extend from a bottom left corner fitting to a top right corner fitting of the same container and vice versa, but from the container corner to which they are attached away to the outside. Thus, the lashing rods 18 of two adjacent containers 43 cross slightly below the hook fittings 31, as may be recognized in the Figures. This becomes particularly clear from Figure 6. However, as may also be recognized well in Figure 6, the lashing rod bodies 30 extend past the comer fittings 31 of other lashing rods 18 without collisions occurring. This may be achieved in a simple manner in that the stevedore first of all hooks a lashing rod 18 into a top corner fitting 44 of one of the two bottom containers 43. Subsequently, he hooks a second lashing rod 18 into the other top corner fitting 44 of the container 43 stacked next to it. He thus starts either at the left or right bottom and continues accordingly at the right or left bottom. Then, he hooks a third lashing rod 18 into the bottom corner fitting 45 of the top container 43 which is positioned on the bottom container 43 into which the second lashing rod 18 has been hooked. Finally, a fourth lashing rod 18 is hooked into the remaining bottom corner fitting 45 of the remaining top container 43. The stevedore thus always starts with one of the top corner fittings 44 of a bottom container and proceeds strictly in a circle then. If the bottom left container 43 was started with, he proceeds in anticlockwise direction. If the bottom right container was started with, he proceeds in clockwise direction. The only important thing is that he always starts with one of the bottom containers.

Figure 7 illustrates a container stack in which a container 43 having a height of 9’6“ is provided in the middle column, while all the other containers have a height of 8’6“. Accordingly, the tensioning screws 13 for the middle column are attached to the third lashing eye 11 from the bottom and/or the fourth lashing eye 11 from the bottom. Here, too, the lashing rod bodies 30 do not collide with the hook fittings 31 of other lashing rods 18, as may be recognized well in Figure 8.

As a further example Figure 9 illustrates a container stack in which two containers of the height 9’6“ are stored in the middle column and the other containers are of the height 8’6“. Accordingly, the tensioning screws 13 which are assigned to the middle column are attached to the fifths to sixths lashing eyes 11 from the bottom. As results already from Figure 9, the lashing rods 18 now do not cross anymore at all, so that a collision problem does not exist here, anyway. The same applies if the difference in the stacking height between the individual columns increases further.

List of reference signs: 10 lashing plate 11 lashing eye 12 guiding groove 13 tensioning screw 14 tensioning screw body 15 threaded spindle 16 holding fixture 17 thickening 18 lashing rods 19 sleeve 20 slide nut 21 shackle 22 locking pin 23 shackle body 24 pin 25 bore 26 leg 27 bore 28 leg 29 protrusion 30 lashing rod body 31 hook fitting 32 fitting plate 33 pivot bearing 34 eye 35 pin 36 recess 37 counter bearing 38 support elements 39 step 40 bottom 41 pillar 42 lashing bridge 43 container 44 top corner fitting 45 bottom corner fitting 46 edge

Claims

1. Laskesystem til sikring af containere (43) på et fartøj, især et skib med en laskeplade (10) og et laskeorgan (13), kendetegnet ved, at: a) laskepladen (10) omfatter mindst to laskeøjne (11), som er forbundet med hinanden via en udelukkende retlinjet styreskinne for laskeorganet (13), og b) laskeorganet (13) omfatter et styringsorgan (29), der er komplementært til styreskinnen på laskeplademe (10).A welding system for securing containers (43) on a vessel, in particular a ship with a wiper plate (10) and a wiper means (13), characterized in that: (a) the wiper plate (10) comprises at least two wiper eyes (11) which is connected to each other via an exclusively rectilinear guide rail for the lug member (13), and b) the lug member (13) comprises a guide member (29) complementary to the guide rail of the lug plates (10).

2. Laskesystem ifølge krav 1, kendetegnet ved, at styreskinnen er udformet som en styringsfordybning (12) eller et styringsfremspring.Welding system according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide rail is formed as a guide groove (12) or a guide projection.

3. Laskesystem ifølge krav 1 eller 2, kendetegnet ved, at hvert laskeøje (11) er tildelt et støtteelement (38) til laskeorganet (13).Welding system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that each welding eye (11) is provided with a supporting element (38) for the welding means (13).

4. Laskesystem ifølge krav 3, kendetegnet ved, at støtteelementerne (38) er udformet spejlsymmetrisk med en akse (II-II) gennem midtpunktet af det tilhørende laskeøje (11).Welding system according to claim 3, characterized in that the supporting elements (38) are arranged mirror-symmetrically with an axis (II-II) through the center of the associated welding eye (11).

5. Laskesystem ifølge et hvilket som helst af kravene 1 til 4, kendetegnet ved, at styringsfordybningen (12) er udformet som en styringsnot.Welding system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the guide recess (12) is designed as a guide groove.

6. Laskesystem ifølge et hvilket som helst af kravene 1 til 5, kendetegnet ved, at styringsorganet (29) er tildelt en bolt (22) af en sjækkel (21), hvor bolten (22) er sikret mod at blive trukket længere ud af sjæklen (21) end svarende til dybden eller højden af styreskinnen.Welding system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the guide means (29) is provided with a bolt (22) of a shackle (21), wherein the bolt (22) is secured against being pulled further out. the shank (21) than the depth or height of the guide rail.