DK167649B1 - SOLID DISTRIBUTION WITH EXTENDED DELIVERY, SECONDARY STRUCTURE OF THE MEDICINAL PRODUCT AND PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATION CONTAINING THE DISPERSION OR STRUCTURE - Google Patents

SOLID DISTRIBUTION WITH EXTENDED DELIVERY, SECONDARY STRUCTURE OF THE MEDICINAL PRODUCT AND PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATION CONTAINING THE DISPERSION OR STRUCTURE Download PDF

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DK167649B1
DK167649B1 DK264785A DK264785A DK167649B1 DK 167649 B1 DK167649 B1 DK 167649B1 DK 264785 A DK264785 A DK 264785A DK 264785 A DK264785 A DK 264785A DK 167649 B1 DK167649 B1 DK 167649B1
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active agent
dispersion
compound
pharmaceutical composition
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DK264785A
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DK264785D0 (en
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Wolfgang Czarnecki
Jean Claude Gfeller
Hans Peter Bier
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Sandoz Ag
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/435Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/44Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/14Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
    • A61K9/141Intimate drug-carrier mixtures characterised by the carrier, e.g. ordered mixtures, adsorbates, solid solutions, eutectica, co-dried, co-solubilised, co-kneaded, co-milled, co-ground products, co-precipitates, co-evaporates, co-extrudates, co-melts; Drug nanoparticles with adsorbed surface modifiers
    • A61K9/146Intimate drug-carrier mixtures characterised by the carrier, e.g. ordered mixtures, adsorbates, solid solutions, eutectica, co-dried, co-solubilised, co-kneaded, co-milled, co-ground products, co-precipitates, co-evaporates, co-extrudates, co-melts; Drug nanoparticles with adsorbed surface modifiers with organic macromolecular compounds
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/20Pills, tablets, discs, rods
    • A61K9/2004Excipients; Inactive ingredients
    • A61K9/2022Organic macromolecular compounds
    • A61K9/2031Organic macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyethylene glycol, polyethylene oxide, poloxamers

Description

DK 167649 B1DK 167649 B1

Den foreliggende opfindelse angår en fast lægemiddeldispersion med forlænget afgivelse, en sekundær struktur af lægemidlet samt et farmaceutisk præparat indeholdende dispersionen eller strukturen.The present invention relates to a prolonged release solid drug dispersion, a secondary structure of the drug, and a pharmaceutical composition containing the dispersion or structure.

Ved inkorporering af et aktivt middel i en fast dispersion eller 5 opløsning er der indtil nu kun blevet opnået en fremskyndet afgivelse. Fx kendes der faste dispersionsformer af lægemidler, fx fra vesttysk offentliggørelsesskrift nr. 2.549.740, hvor faste dispersioner af griseofulvin i polyethylenglycol er beskrevet. Den lave opløsningshastighed og følgelig (se s. 11, linje 4-5) den lave biotil-10 gængelighed af griseofulvin blev forbedret ved fremstilling af en fast dispersion af griseofulvin i polyethylenglycol. I den specifikt beskrevne medikamentformulering, en tablet, var det nødvendigt at sætte et desintegreringsmiddel til det faste dispers ions granulat, eftersom det viste sig, at en i høj grad forbedret opløsningshastig-15 hed af griseofulvin igen blev formindsket. Det tryk, der blev anvendt til fremstillingen af tabletter, førte til betydelig kohæsion mellem tabletpartiklerne som et resultat af den stærke kohæsion mellem polyethylenglycolmolekylerne.By incorporating an active agent into a solid dispersion or solution, only an accelerated release has so far been obtained. For example, solid dispersion forms of drugs are known, for example from West German Publication No. 2,549,740, wherein solid dispersions of griseofulvin in polyethylene glycol are described. The low dissolution rate and consequently (see p. 11, lines 4-5) the low bioavailability of griseofulvin was improved by preparing a solid dispersion of griseofulvin in polyethylene glycol. In the specifically described drug formulation, a tablet, it was necessary to add a disintegrant to the solid dispersion granules, since it was found that a greatly improved dissolution rate of griseofulvin was again decreased. The pressure applied to the preparation of tablets led to significant cohesion between the tablet particles as a result of the strong cohesion between the polyethylene glycol molecules.

Desintegreringsmidlet, tværbundet polyvinylpyrrolidon, blev tilsat 20 for at være i stand til at gendanne de oprindelige granulatpartikler i tabletten, hvori griseofulvinet var til stede i en hurtigere udløsende form.The disintegrant, crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone, was added to be able to recover the original granular particles in the tablet in which the griseofulvin was present in a faster release form.

Den vandopløselige polyethylenglycol, som er i kontakt med et vandigt medium, ekstraheres fra granulatet ved diffusion, hvorved det findel-25 te griseofulvin bringes til at gå hurtigt i opløsning.The water-soluble polyethylene glycol, which is in contact with an aqueous medium, is extracted from the granulate by diffusion, causing the finely griseofulvin to dissolve rapidly.

I henhold til vesttysk fremlæggelsesskrift nr. 2.546.577 opnås der en forøget opløsningshastighed og forøget resorption af salte af i vand tungt opløselige ergotaminforbindelser (især af dihydroergotamin-me-thansulfonat, af dihydroergocristin-methansulfonat, af dihydroergo-30 cryptin-methansulfonat og af dihydroergocornin-methansulfonat) , når saltene er til stede i faste opløsninger i polyalkylenglycoler og især i polyvinylpyrrolidon med en molekylvægt på over 10.000. De nævnte lægemidler har i methansulfonatsaltform en vandopløselighed på 2 υκ ib/b^y d i over 0,01% og er i denne henseende forskellige fra de aktive midler, der anvendes ifølge den foreliggende opfindelse.According to West German Specification No. 2,546,577, an increased dissolution rate and resorption of salts of water-soluble ergotamine compounds (in particular of dihydroergotamine methanesulfonate, dihydroergocristine methanesulfonate, dihydroergo methane sulfonate (methanesulfonate) when the salts are present in solid solutions in polyalkylene glycols and especially in polyvinylpyrrolidone having a molecular weight greater than 10,000. Said drugs have, in methane sulfonate salt form, a water solubility of 2 υκ ib / b ^ y d in excess of 0.01% and in this respect are different from the active agents used in the present invention.

I henhold til europæisk patentansøgning, offentliggørelsesnr. 78430, opnås der en stigning i opløsningshastigheden og bevarelse af resorp-5 tionen af dihydropyridiner, især af nifedipin og nimodipin, hvis disse midler opløses sammen med polyvinylpyrrolidon, fx med en molekylvægt på over 25.000, i en lille mængde af et flydende organisk opløsningsmiddel, således at de faste partikler lige netop opløses, hvorefter denne opløsning blandes og granuleres med faste bærere med 10 stor evne til at absorbere og efterfulgt af afdampning af det organiske opløsningsmiddel.According to European patent application, publication no. 78430, an increase in the dissolution rate and retention of the absorption of dihydropyridines, especially of nifedipine and nimodipine, are obtained if these agents are dissolved together with polyvinylpyrrolidone, e.g., with a molecular weight of over 25,000, in a small amount of a liquid organic solvent, so that the solid particles are just dissolved, after which this solution is mixed and granulated with solid supports with a high ability to absorb and followed by evaporation of the organic solvent.

Lægemidlet er til stede i den faste polyvinylpyrrolidon i opløst tilstand og viser ved kontakt med et vandigt medium en forøget opløsningshastighed. Begge disse træk gør disse kendte produkter forskel-15 lige fra præparaterne ifølge den foreliggende opfindelse.The drug is present in the dissolved solid polyvinylpyrrolidone and, upon contact with an aqueous medium, exhibits an increased dissolution rate. Both of these features make these known products different from the compositions of the present invention.

I Chemical Abstracts, vol. 95 (1981) nr. 225681j omhandlende JP 80/19,191 (55-19191) beskrives et præparat, der indeholder mere end 6% af den tungtopløselige forbindelse nifedipin i en vandopløselig matrix. Matrixen indholder polyethylenglycol 6000 samt mindre mængder 20 honning og menthol. Dette præparat har en lægemiddelafgivelse, som sammenlignet med tilsvarende præparat uden polyethylenglycol 6000 er øget med en faktor 2 i løbet af 2 timer ved in vitro forsøg.Chemical Abstracts, Vol. 95 (1981) No. 225681j disclosing JP 80 / 19,191 (55-19191) discloses a composition containing more than 6% of the heavily soluble compound nifedipine in a water-soluble matrix. The matrix contains polyethylene glycol 6000 as well as smaller amounts of 20 honey and menthol. This preparation has a drug release which is increased by a factor of 2 over 2 hours in in vitro experiments compared to similar preparation without polyethylene glycol 6000.

I henhold til canadisk patentskrift nr. 987.588 opnås der en forøget opløsningshastighed og forøget biotilgængelighed af i vand tungt 25 opløselige lægemidler, når de er til stede som faste dispersioner i polyethylenglycoler og i andre vandopløselige matrixmaterialer, fx pentaerythritol, pentaerythritol-tetraacetat eller citronsyre.According to Canadian Patent No. 987,588, an increased dissolution rate and bioavailability of water-soluble drugs are obtained when present as solid dispersions in polyethylene glycols and in other water-soluble matrix materials, e.g., pentaerythritol, pentaerythritol tetraacetate or citrate.

De kendte lægemidler digitoxin-17-me thyl testosteron, prednisolon-ace-tat og hydrocortison-acetat er til stede i koncentrationer på op til 30 5% i matrixmaterialet, hvilket giver dispersioner, som er forskellige fra dispersionerne ifølge den foreliggende opfindelse. Lægemidlet griseofulvin har som anført ovenfor en vandopløselighed på mere end DK 167649 B1 3 0,01% og er derfor forskellig fra de aktive midler, der anvendes ifølge den foreliggende opfindelse.The known drugs digitoxin-17-methylthestosterone, prednisolone acetate and hydrocortisone acetate are present at concentrations up to 30% in the matrix material, giving dispersions different from the dispersions of the present invention. As mentioned above, the drug griseofulvin has a water solubility of more than DK 167649 B1 0.01% and is therefore different from the active agents used in the present invention.

Det har vist sig, at hvis der i et sådant matrixmateriale anvendes faste dispersioner af farmakologisk aktive midler, som praktisk talt 5 . er uopløselige i vand, iagttages der ingen signifikant forventet stigning i opløsningshastigheden i et vandigt medium. I stedet fås der et fald uden noget væsentligt tab af biotilgængelighed.It has been found that if such a matrix material uses solid dispersions of pharmacologically active agents, such as practically 5. are insoluble in water, no significant expected increase in dissolution rate in an aqueous medium is observed. Instead, a decrease is obtained without any significant loss of bioavailability.

Det har endvidere vist sig, at faldet i opløsningshastigheden kan tilskrives lægemidlets sammenhængende krystallinske form, som i det 10 følgende betegnes en sekundær struktur, hvilken form kan opretholdes, selv hvis det vandopløselige matrixmateriale fjernes ved kontakt med et vandigt medium, fx vand.It has further been found that the decrease in dissolution rate can be attributed to the coherent crystalline form of the drug, hereinafter referred to as a secondary structure, which form can be maintained even if the water-soluble matrix material is removed by contact with an aqueous medium, e.g.

For at gøre dannelsen af den sekundære struktur mulig, foretrækkes det, at lægemidlet er til stede i den faste dispersion i en koncen-15 tration på over 5%, og for mere end 5 vægtprocent i krystallinsk form, fortrinsvis som partikler med en diameter på under 5 μπι og med en vandopløselighed på op til 0,01%, fortrinsvis under 0,005 vægtprocent.To enable the formation of the secondary structure, it is preferred that the drug be present in the solid dispersion at a concentration above 5% and for more than 5% by weight in crystalline form, preferably as particles having a diameter of below 5 μπι and with a water solubility of up to 0.01%, preferably below 0.005% by weight.

Den foreliggende opfindelse angår derfor i ét aspekt en fast disper-20 sion af et farmakologisk aktivt middel i en vandopløselig krystallinsk matrix som bærer, i hvilken det aktive middel . a) har en maksimal opløselighed på 0,01% ved 37°C i vand, b) er til stede i matrixen i en samlet koncentration på over 5 vægtprocent af matrixen, og 25 c) er til stede i matrixen i en koncentration på over 5 vægtprocent af matrixen i sammenhængende krystallinsk form.The present invention therefore relates in one aspect to a solid dispersion of a pharmacologically active agent in a water-soluble crystalline matrix carrier in which the active agent. a) has a maximum solubility of 0.01% at 37 ° C in water, b) is present in the matrix at a total concentration greater than 5% by weight of the matrix, and c) is present in the matrix at a concentration above 5% by weight of the matrix in coherent crystalline form.

Denne faste dispersion har i vandigt medium en formindsket opløsningshastighed .This solid dispersion in aqueous medium has a reduced dissolution rate.

En formindsket opløsningshastighed er beskrevet i følgende kendte 30 referencer: 4 UK lb/649 ΒΊA reduced dissolution rate is described in the following known 30 references: 4 UK lb / 649 ΒΊ

Vesttysk offentliggørelsesskrift nr. 1.617.362 beskriver suspension af farmakologisk aktive midler, især theophyllin, i smeltede voksarter til fremstilling af galeniske former med nedsat opløsningshastighed i et vandigt medium. Som voks anvendes polyethylenglycol.West German Publication No. 1,617,362 discloses suspension of pharmacologically active agents, in particular theophylline, in molten waxes to produce reduced dissolution rate galenic forms in an aqueous medium. Polyethylene glycol is used as wax.

5 Imidlertid er theophyllins opløselighed ikke tilstrækkeligt lav (over 0,01%), og kun yderligere inkorporering af konventionelle retarde-ringsexcipienser såsom bivoks eller stearinsyre kan forårsage en tilfredsstillende formindskelse af lægemidlets opløsningshastighed.However, the solubility of theophylline is not sufficiently low (above 0.01%) and only further incorporation of conventional retarding excipients such as beeswax or stearic acid can cause a satisfactory decrease in drug dissolution rate.

Vesttysk offentliggørelsesskrift nr. 3.318.649 beskriver et tofaset 10 fast farmaceutisk præparat, som indeholder krystallinsk nifedipin og separat en fast opløsning af nifedipin i et matrixmateriale, især i polyvinylpyrrolidon. Ved kontakt med et vandigt medium opløses nifedipin fra den faste opløsning med en forøget opløsningshastighed og fra de faste nifedipin-krystaller med en formindsket opløsningshas-15 tighed.West German Publication No. 3,318,649 discloses a two-phase solid pharmaceutical composition containing crystalline nifedipine and separately a solid solution of nifedipine in a matrix material, especially in polyvinylpyrrolidone. Upon contact with an aqueous medium, nifedipine is dissolved from the solid solution at an increased dissolution rate and from the solid nifedipine crystals at a reduced dissolution rate.

I henhold til den foreliggende opfindelse foreligger der kun en fast dispersion af lægemidlet, som ved kontakt med et vandigt medium forårsager lægemiddelafgivelse med formindsket hastighed.According to the present invention, there is only a solid dispersion of the drug which, upon contact with an aqueous medium, causes drug delivery at a reduced rate.

Med hensyn til den faste dispersion ifølge opfindelsen er valget af 20 det farmakologisk aktive middel ikke kritisk, når blot betingelserne for dets opløselighed og krystallisation opfyldes.With regard to the solid dispersion of the invention, the choice of the pharmacologically active agent is not critical, provided that the conditions of its solubility and crystallization are met.

Det er en enkel og rutinemæssig sag at undersøge, om et givet aktivt middel opfylder de krævede betingelser.It is a simple and routine matter to investigate whether a given active agent meets the required conditions.

De praktisk talt uopløselige farmakologisk aktive midler i .dispersio-25 nen ifølge opfindelsen er fx dihydropyridiner, især l,4-dihydro-3,5-dicarboxylsyre-diester-2,6-dimethylpyridiner, især sådanne, som har en eventuelt substitueret 4-phenylgruppe eller et 4-phenylderivat.The practically insoluble pharmacologically active agents in the dispersion of the invention are, for example, dihydropyridines, especially 1,4-dihydro-3,5-dicarboxylic acid diester-2,6-dimethylpyridines, especially those having an optionally substituted 4- phenyl group or a 4-phenyl derivative.

Et 4-phenylderivat er fx 4-(2,l,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl). Et eksempel på et lægemiddel med en eventuelt substitueret 4-phenylgruppe er den 30 kendte 4- (2 -nitrophenyl) -1,4- dihydro -2,6- dimethyl - 5 -methoxycarbonyl - 3-pyridincarboxylsyre-methylester (nifedipin).For example, a 4-phenyl derivative is 4- (2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl). An example of a drug with an optionally substituted 4-phenyl group is the known 4- (2-nitrophenyl) -1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-methoxycarbonyl-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid methyl ester (nifedipine).

DK 167649 B1 5DK 167649 B1 5

Eksempler på lægemidler med et 4-phenylderivat er 4-(2,l,3-benzoxa-diazol-4-yl) -1,4- dihydro- 5 - ethoxy carbonyl - 2,6 - dimethyl-3-pyridincar-boxylsyre-ethylester (forbindelse A), 4-(2,l,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl)- 1,4-dihydro-5-methoxycarbonyl-2,6-dimethyl-3-pyridincarboxylsyre-5 isopropylester (forbindelse B) og (-)-(S)-4-(2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl) -1,4-dihydro-5-methoxycarbonyl-l, 2,6 - trimethyl - 3 -pyr idincarbox-ylsyre-isopropylester (forbindelse C).Examples of drugs with a 4-phenyl derivative are 4- (2,1,3-benzoxa-diazol-4-yl) -1,4-dihydro-5-ethoxy carbonyl-2,6-dimethyl-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid. ethyl ester (compound A), 4- (2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl) -1,4-dihydro-5-methoxycarbonyl-2,6-dimethyl-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid isopropyl ester (compound B) and ( -) - (S) -4- (2,1,3-Benzoxadiazol-4-yl) -1,4-dihydro-5-methoxycarbonyl-1,2,6-trimethyl-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid isopropyl ester ( compound C).

Dihydropyridinerne er indgående beskrevet i litteraturen og har især calciumantagonistisk virkning. De er fx beskrevet som antihyperto-10 niske midler og som lægemidler til behandling af angina pectoris.The dihydropyridines are extensively described in the literature and have especially calcium antagonistic effect. For example, they are described as antihypertensive agents and as drugs for the treatment of angina pectoris.

De ovennævnte dihydropyridiner A og B er kendte, fx fra europæisk patentskrift nr. 150 og britisk patentskrift nr. 2.037.766. Dihydro-pyridinet C er kendt fra britisk patentansøgning nr. 2.122.192 A, og er specifikt beskrevet i eksempel 2c deri.The above-mentioned dihydropyridines A and B are known, for example, from European Patent Specification No. 150 and British Patent Specification No. 2,037,766. The dihydropyridine C is known from British Patent Application No. 2,122,192 A, and is specifically described in Example 2c therein.

15 Det er blevet fastslået, at dihydropyridinerne, fx forbindelserne A og B, praktisk talt er vanduopløselige og således har en vandoplø-selighed på mindre end 0,01%.It has been established that the dihydropyridines, e.g., compounds A and B, are practically water insoluble and thus have a water solubility of less than 0.01%.

Oparbejdning deraf til en fast dispersionsform resulterede imidlertid ikke som forventet i en forøget opløsningshastighed, men overraskende 20 i en signifikant formindsket opløsningshastighed (jfr. sammenligningsforsøgene 1-5), hvilket er fordelagtigt i præparater, som skal administreres én gang daglig.However, working up to a solid dispersion form did not, as expected, result in an increased dissolution rate, but surprisingly 20 in a significantly reduced dissolution rate (cf. Comparative Experiments 1-5), which is advantageous in compositions to be administered once daily.

Denne retardvirkning tilskrives den faste dispersion, fx i granulatform, uafhængig af eventuelt tilstedeværende excipienser. En fordel 25 er, at der ikke forekommer nogen sædvanlig lægemiddelsprængning, og at der ikke er nogen signifikant formindskelse af biotilgængeligheden (jfr. sammenligningsforsøgene).This retarding effect is attributed to the solid dispersion, for example in granular form, independent of any excipients present. An advantage 25 is that there is no usual drug burst and that there is no significant decrease in bioavailability (cf. the comparative experiments).

Den foreliggende opfindelse angår således også et farmaceutisk præparat til administration én gang daglig, hvilket præparat indeholder 30 en terapeutisk virksom mængde af forbindelserne A eller B. Matrix-materialerne er fortrinsvis farmaceutisk acceptable faste forbindel- 6Thus, the present invention also relates to a once-daily pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of the compounds A or B. The matrix materials are preferably pharmaceutically acceptable solid compounds.

Ulv 10/043 b l ser, som sædvanligvis anvendes i vid udstrækning som farmaceutiske excipienser.Wolves 10/043 are commonly used widely as pharmaceutical excipients.

Eftersom de skal være vandopløselige, bør de have polære egenskaber.Since they must be water soluble, they should have polar properties.

De fleste af disse matrixmaterialer har således polære grupper, fx 5 oxygrupper, især hydroxygrupper.Thus, most of these matrix materials have polar groups, e.g., 5 oxy groups, especially hydroxy groups.

De foretrukne farmaceutiske præparater indeholder en fast dispersion af farmakologisk aktive midler i en polyalkylenglycol, især i en poly(C2 2)alkylenglycol, fx i en polyethylenglycol. Polyethylenglyco-len har fortrinsvis en molekylvægt på 1.000-20.000, fortrinsvis 10 4.000-20.000, især 4.000-8.000, fx 6.000.The preferred pharmaceutical compositions contain a solid dispersion of pharmacologically active agents in a polyalkylene glycol, especially in a poly (C2 2) alkylene glycol, for example in a polyethylene glycol. The polyethylene glycol preferably has a molecular weight of 1,000-20,000, preferably 10,000 - 20,000, especially 4,000-8,000, e.g., 6,000.

De faste dispersioner kan fås ved at opløse de aktive midler i en koncentration på over 5 vægtprocent i det væskeformige dispergerings-middel og få den vundne blanding til at størkne.The solid dispersions can be obtained by dissolving the active agents at a concentration of more than 5% by weight in the liquid dispersant and solidifying the mixture obtained.

Dispergeringsmidlet kan gøres væskeformigt ved at smelte det eller 15 ved tilsætning af et flydende organisk opløsningsmiddel.The dispersant can be liquified by melting it or by the addition of a liquid organic solvent.

Størkning af dispersionen kan fx forekomme ved afkøling eller ved at afdampe det flydende organiske opløsningsmiddel.For example, solidification of the dispersion may occur by cooling or by evaporating the liquid organic solvent.

Efter at den faste dispersion er vundet, kan den reduceres til en konventionel partikelstørrelse, hvilket giver et granulat, som er 20 nyttigt til yderligere oparbejdning.After the solid dispersion is obtained, it can be reduced to a conventional particle size, giving a granulate useful for further work-up.

Mindst 5 vægtprocent af lægemiddelpartiklerne, som er til stede i den faste dispersion, er så små, at det er muligt at se dem ved konventionelle optiske målinger, eftersom de, hvis de suspenderes til måleformål i et vandigt medium, synes at have en kontinuerlig Brown'sk 25 bevægelse.At least 5% by weight of the drug particles present in the solid dispersion are so small that they can be seen by conventional optical measurements, since if suspended for measurement purposes in an aqueous medium they appear to have a continuous Brown '25 movement.

Derfor antages partiklerne generelt at have en diameter på 5 μη eller mindre.Therefore, the particles are generally assumed to have a diameter of 5 μη or less.

Tests med laserlys-spredning i den vandige suspension fastslog en partikelstørrelse på endog under 0,5 μιη.Laser light scattering tests in the aqueous suspension determined a particle size even below 0.5 μιη.

DK 167649 B1 7DK 167649 B1 7

Sammenligning af Guinier-de-Wolff-spektre af den faste dispersion og af en tilsvarende mekanisk blanding viste ingen væsentlig forskel.Comparison of Guinier-de-Wolff spectra of the solid dispersion and of a corresponding mechanical mixture showed no significant difference.

Spektrene viser endvidere, at både lægemiddel og matrixmateriale i dispersionen er i krystallinsk form.The spectra further show that both drug and matrix material in the dispersion are in crystalline form.

5 Koncentrationen af lægemidlet i matrixen kan variere fra 5 til 80 vægtprocent, fortrinsvis fra 20 til 50 vægtprocent og især fra 20 til 40 vægtprocent og bidrager til retardvirkning ifølge opfindelsen. (En større koncentration kan forårsage en større formindskelse af opløsningshastigheden, jfr. kurve 14-18 i fig. 5 for den opløste mængde i 10 vægtprocent i forhold til tiden T i timer; stigende koncentrationer på 10-50 vægtprocent af forbindelse A kan forårsage en formindskelse af opløsningshastigheden).The concentration of the drug in the matrix can range from 5 to 80% by weight, preferably from 20 to 50% by weight and especially from 20 to 40% by weight and contributes to the retarding effect of the invention. (A greater concentration may cause a greater decrease in the dissolution rate, cf. curve 14-18 in Fig. 5 for the dissolved amount in 10 wt.% Over time T in hours; increasing concentrations of 10-50 wt.% Of compound A may cause a decreasing the dissolution rate).

Kurve 14-18 i fig. 5 angår faste dispers ions granulater af samme subfraktion indeholdende 10, 20, 30, 40 og 50 vægtprocent af forbin-15 delse A.Curves 14-18 of FIG. 5 relates to solid dispersion granules of the same subfraction containing 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50% by weight of Compound A.

En hensigtsmæssig dosis af det aktive middel er fortrinsvis på op til 250 mg og fortrinsvis op til 200, især op til 100 mg for forbindelse A og op til 50, fortrinsvis op til 30, især 10-25 mg for forbindelse B pr. dag. For en rationelt administrerbar dispersionsmængde indi-20 keres en koncentration på 10-80 vægtprocent aktivt middel i matrixen, i gennemsnit op til 50 vægtprocent, fx 40 vægtprocent af forbindelse A og 20 vægtprocent af forbindelse B.A suitable dose of the active agent is preferably up to 250 mg and preferably up to 200, especially up to 100 mg for compound A and up to 50, preferably up to 30, especially 10-25 mg for compound B per dose. day. For a rationally manageable dispersion amount, a concentration of 10-80% by weight of active agent in the matrix is indicated, averaging up to 50% by weight, e.g. 40% by weight of Compound A and 20% by weight of Compound B.

Hvis det aktive middels kemiske stabilitet ikke er høj, bør temperaturen af det smeltede matrixmateriale, fx polyalkylenglycolen, holdes 25 passende lav. Hvis der sættes mere aktivt middel til polyalkylenglycolen, kan det opløses ved den maksimale tilladelige temperatur; overskuddet vil ikke blive opløst, men inkorporeres som en suspension.If the chemical stability of the active agent is not high, the temperature of the molten matrix material, e.g., the polyalkylene glycol, should be kept appropriately low. If more active agent is added to the polyalkylene glycol, it can be dissolved at the maximum permissible temperature; the profits will not be dissolved, but incorporated as a suspension.

De uopløste fraktionspartikler bør fortrinsvis have en partikelstør-30 relse på højst 100 μια.The undissolved fraction particles should preferably have a particle size of not more than 100 μια.

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Efter afkøling af suspensionen kan disse partikler findes i dispersionen med en lignende størrelse udover den fraktion af aktivt middel, som blev opløst og kan efter afkøling igen findes i form af krystaller med en diameter på højst 5 pm.Upon cooling of the suspension, these particles can be found in the dispersion of a similar size in addition to the active agent fraction which was dissolved and, after cooling, can again be found in the form of crystals having a diameter not exceeding 5 µm.

5 Under granuleringsprocessen, som kortfattet er beskrevet ovenfor, reduceres den faste dispersion fortrinsvis til en partikelstørrelse på 50-2000 pm, især 90-1000 pm, mere specielt 125-500 pm.During the granulation process as briefly described above, the solid dispersion is preferably reduced to a particle size of 50-2000 µm, especially 90-1000 µm, more particularly 125-500 µm.

Granulatets partikelstørrelse bidrager til den kontrollerede afgivelse ifølge opfindelsen (større partikler forårsager en større for-10 mindskelse af opløsningshastigheden, jfr. kurve 19-22 i fig. 6; opløst mængde i vægtprocent i forhold til tiden T; en forøget partikelstørrelse forårsager et fald i opløsningshastigheden, kurve 19-22 angår sigtefaktorer på 90-180, 180-355, 355-500 og 500-710 pm af dispersionsgranulatet af en 40%'s dispersion af forbindelse A i 15 polyethylenglycol 6000).The particle size of the granulate contributes to the controlled release of the invention (larger particles cause a greater decrease in dissolution rate, cf. curve 19-22 in Fig. 6; dissolved amount by weight in relation to time T; an increased particle size causes a decrease in The rate of dissolution, curve 19-22 relates to sieve factors of 90-180, 180-355, 355-500 and 500-710 µm of the dispersion granulate of a 40% dispersion of compound A in polyethylene glycol 6000).

Sammenfattende kan det konkluderes, at afgivelsen af det farmakologisk aktive middel kan reguleres ved at ændre koncentrationen af det aktive middel i den faste dispersion samt ved at variere partikelstørrelsen af det faste dispersionsgranulat.In summary, it can be concluded that the release of the pharmacologically active agent can be regulated by changing the concentration of the active agent in the solid dispersion and by varying the particle size of the solid dispersion granulate.

20 Det har overraskende vist sig, at når dispersionsgranulatpartiklerne fx dem fra eksempel 1, anbringes i vand, opløses deres matrixfraktion hurtigt og kvantitativt. De partikler i det aktive middel, som i dispersionen fx har en størrelse på op til 5 pm, danner sammenhængende sekundære strukturer, idet deres densitet og diameter varierer i 25 henhold til koncentrationen af det aktive middel i matrixen og granulatpartiklernes diameter.Surprisingly, it has been found that when the dispersion granule particles, for example those of Example 1, are placed in water, their matrix fraction dissolves rapidly and quantitatively. The particles in the active agent, which in the dispersion, for example, have a size of up to 5 µm, form continuous secondary structures, their density and diameter varying according to the concentration of the active agent in the matrix and the diameter of the granulate particles.

Den foreliggende opfindelse angår således også en sekundær struktur af et aktivt middel, som er dannet ud fra den faste dispersion efter selektiv ekstraktion af matrixmaterialet, fx i et vandigt medium.Thus, the present invention also relates to a secondary structure of an active agent formed from the solid dispersion after selective extraction of the matrix material, for example, in an aqueous medium.

30 Denne sekundære struktur kan have en diameter, som kan sammenlignes med dispersionsgranulatets diameter. I vand har den en forsinket opløsningshastighed. Den kan delvis gendannes til sine oprindelige partikler på op til 5 pm ved intensiv ultralydbehandling.This secondary structure may have a diameter comparable to the diameter of the dispersion granulate. In water, it has a delayed dissolution rate. It can be partially restored to its original particles up to 5 pm by intensive ultrasound treatment.

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Partikler af aktivt middel, som i dispersionsgranulatet fx kan have en diameter på op til 100 μπι, er i den sekundære struktur, som er blevet fremstillet ud fra partiklerne på op til 5 μιη, indesluttede i uforandret tilstand.Active agent particles, which in the dispersion granule, for example, can have a diameter of up to 100 μπι, are enclosed in the unaltered state in the secondary structure, which has been prepared from the particles up to 5 μιη.

5 Eftersom de oprindelige partikler af midlet på op til 5 μπι og de yderligere partikler fra det indesluttede middel på op til 100 μιη bidrager til den kontrollerede afgivelse, hører både de faste dispersioner og de sekundære strukturer af aktivt middel til den foreliggende opfindelse.Since the original particles of the agent up to 5 μπι and the additional particles of the contained agent up to 100 μιη contribute to the controlled release, both the solid dispersions and the secondary active agent structures belong to the present invention.

10 Diameteren og overfladen af partiklerne af den sekundære struktur af det aktive middel er blevet undersøgt. De har uregelmæssige sprækkelignende kanaler og har en ydre og en indre overflade.The diameter and surface of the particles of the secondary structure of the active agent have been investigated. They have irregular crack-like channels and have an outer and an inner surface.

Både størrelsen og strukturen af den ydre overflade har indflydelse på opløsningshastigheden i fx et vandigt opløsningsmiddelmedium. Den 15 indre overflade har snævre porer på op til 1 μπι, som næppe bidrager til afgivelsen af det aktive middel, eftersom deres mobilitet er stærkt reduceret, hvis de indeholder et opløsningsmiddelmedium.Both the size and structure of the outer surface influence the rate of dissolution in, for example, an aqueous solvent medium. The inner surface has narrow pores of up to 1 μπι, which hardly contribute to the release of the active agent, since their mobility is greatly reduced if they contain a solvent medium.

Den sekundære strukturs størrelse svarer til størrelsen af de faste dispersionsgranulatpartikler, som de stammer fra.The size of the secondary structure corresponds to the size of the solid dispersion granule particles from which they originate.

20 Efter fjernelse af opløsningsmiddelmediet, fx ved tørring, kan den specifikke overflade og porevolumenet måles.After removal of the solvent medium, e.g. by drying, the specific surface and pore volume can be measured.

Den foreliggende opfindelse angår den sekundære struktur af et aktivt middel med en diameter på fortrinsvis 50-2000 μπι, mere specielt 90-1000 jum, især 125-500 μπι, med porøs struktur, som kendetegnes ved en 25 specifik overflade på 1-15 m^/g, fortrinsvis 2-12 wP/g, målt ifølge BET-metoden, og ved et porevolumen på 20-95%, målt ved kviksølvsporø-simetri.The present invention relates to the secondary structure of an active agent having a diameter of preferably 50-2000 µπι, more particularly 90-1000 µm, especially 125-500 µπι, with porous structure characterized by a specific surface of 1-15 m / g, preferably 2-12 wP / g, as measured by the BET method, and at a pore volume of 20-95%, measured by mercury trace asymmetry.

De faste dispersionspartikler samt partiklerne fra den sekundære struktur er anvendelige til fremstilling af farmaceutiske forbindel-30 ser.The solid dispersion particles as well as the secondary structure particles are useful for the preparation of pharmaceutical compounds.

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Den foreliggende opfindelse angår således også farmaceutiske præparater, der indeholder det faste dispers ions granulat eller partiklerne fra den sekundære struktur.Thus, the present invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing the solid dispersion granular or the secondary structure particles.

Farmaceutiske præparater indeholdende det faste dispersionsgranulat 5 kan betragtes som galeniske precursorformer af tilsvarende præparater, der indeholder partiklerne fra den sekundære struktur, eftersom deres opførsel i kroppen kan sammenlignes med opførslen af pro-drugs.Pharmaceutical compositions containing the solid dispersion granule 5 can be considered as galenic precursor forms of similar compositions containing the particles of the secondary structure, since their behavior in the body can be compared to the behavior of pro-drugs.

Til fremstilling af farmaceutiske orale administrationsformer inde-10 holdende den faste dispersion kan granulatet af den faste dispersion blandes på sædvanlig måde med egnede farmaceutiske excipienser, fx fyldstoffer såsom lactose, glittemidler, fx siliciumdioxid og et smøremiddel, fx magnesiumstearat (se fx eksempel 2, 5, 6 og 9) og eventuelt et des integreringsmiddel såsom tværbundet polyvinylpyrroli-15 don, fx tværbundet povidon (se fx eksempel 2, 3, 5 og 6) eller na- triumcarboxymethylcellulose (se eksempel 9), og de kan fremstilles i konventionelle faste orale administrationsformer såsom tabletter eller kapsler.For the preparation of pharmaceutical oral administration forms containing the solid dispersion, the granular of the solid dispersion can be mixed in the usual manner with suitable pharmaceutical excipients, for example fillers such as lactose, lubricants, e.g. silicon dioxide and a lubricant, e.g. magnesium stearate (see eg Example 2, 5 , 6 and 9) and optionally a designing agent such as cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone, e.g., cross-linked povidone (see, e.g., Examples 2, 3, 5 and 6) or sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (see Example 9), and they can be prepared in conventional solid oral. forms of administration such as tablets or capsules.

Til fremstilling af tabletter kan det faste dispersionsgranulat 20 fortrinsvis blandes med fx lactose, siliciumdioxid og magnesiumstearat (se eksempel 4, 5, 6 og 9).For the preparation of tablets, the solid dispersion granulate 20 may preferably be mixed with, for example, lactose, silica and magnesium stearate (see Examples 4, 5, 6 and 9).

De porøse partikler fra den sekundære struktur anvendes fortrinsvis i kapsler, eftersom de i mindre grad er i stand til at modstå tabletteringstrykket .The porous particles of the secondary structure are preferably used in capsules as they are less able to withstand the tableting pressure.

25 Til fremstilling af kapsler kan det faste dispers ions granulat af partiklerne fra den sekundære struktur blandes på sædvanlig måde, fortrinsvis med et placebo-granulat ud fra egnede excipienser såsom lactose, stivelse og polyvinylpyrrolidon og med en blanding af tværbundet povidon, siliciumdioxid og magnesiumstearat (se eksempel 2 og 30 3) . Desintegreringsmidlet kan anvendes til at suspendere kapselind holdet .For the preparation of capsules, the solid dispersion granulate of the particles of the secondary structure can be mixed in the usual manner, preferably with a placebo granule from suitable excipients such as lactose, starch and polyvinylpyrrolidone and with a mixture of crosslinked povidone, silica and magnesium stearate ( see Examples 2 and 30 3). The disintegrant can be used to suspend the capsule contents.

DK 167649 B1 11DK 167649 B1 11

Generelt desintegreres farmaceutiske administrationsformer, især kapsler og i mindre grad også tabletter, under passagen gennem maven, hvilket i høj grad kan forhindres ved at anvende et enterisk opløseligt overtræk på disse. Egnede enterisk opløselige overtræk om-5 fatter hydroxypropylmethylcellulosephthalat (se eksempel 3, 5, 6 o g 12). Hvis det aktive middel resorberes i den øvre del af tarmen - dihydropyridiner er sådanne midler - er et sådant overtræk meget gunstigt og svækker ikke resorptionsprocessen.In general, pharmaceutical forms of administration, especially capsules and, to a lesser extent, tablets, are disintegrated during passage through the stomach, which can be greatly prevented by applying an enteric soluble coating to them. Suitable enteric soluble coatings include hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose phthalate (see Examples 3, 5, 6 and 12). If the active agent is resorbed in the upper intestine - dihydropyridines are such agents - such a coating is very favorable and does not impair the resorption process.

Tabletter, som indeholder bestanddelene i komprimeret tilstand, kan i 10 mindre grad have behov for dette overtræk, men så bør desintegreringsmidlet udelades (se tabletten ifølge eksempel 4, som ikke indeholder nogen tværbundet polyvinylpyrrolidon).Tablets containing the components in compressed state may need this coating to a lesser extent, but then the disintegrant should be omitted (see the tablet of Example 4, which does not contain any cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone).

Det har vist sig, at kapsler eller tabletter uden et enterisk opløseligt overtræk kan fremstilles, hvis der sættes en hydrofob ex-15 cipiens såsom en fedtsyreglycerylester til den faste dispersion (se eksempel 8 og 9 og sammenligningsforsøget nr. 4). Denne hydrofobe ester reducerer lægemiddelsprængningen i maven og kan ikke i væsentlig grad forstyrre resorptionsprocessen i tarmene. Sådanne præparater kan fremstilles ved at opløse det farmakologisk aktive middel i den 20 flydende matrix og emulgere den vundne blanding med det hydrofobe stof, fx fedtsyreglycerylesteren, i så høj grad som muligt, hvorefter den vundne blanding kan bringes til størkning ved afkøling.It has been found that capsules or tablets without an enteric soluble coating can be prepared if a hydrophobic excipient such as a fatty acid glyceryl ester is added to the solid dispersion (see Examples 8 and 9 and Comparative Experiment # 4). This hydrophobic ester reduces the drug burst in the stomach and cannot significantly interfere with the gut resorption process. Such preparations can be prepared by dissolving the pharmacologically active agent in the liquid matrix and emulsifying the obtained mixture with the hydrophobic substance, for example the fatty acid glyceryl ester, as much as possible, after which the obtained mixture can be solidified by cooling.

Foretrukne fedtsyreglycerylestere er fysiologisk acceptable estere såsom 2q-fedtsyre, fx palmitin- og/eller stearinsyreglyceryle-25 stere. Disse estere kan fx være mono-, di- og/eller triestere af glycerol.Preferred fatty acid glyceryl esters are physiologically acceptable esters such as 2q fatty acid, e.g., palmitic and / or stearic glyceryl esters. These esters may be, for example, mono-, di- and / or triesters of glycerol.

Mængden af fedt er fortrinsvis på op til 60% af den samlede vægt af den faste dispersion, fx 5-60%, og.er især på 15-25%, fx 20%.Preferably, the amount of fat is up to 60% of the total weight of the solid dispersion, eg 5-60%, and most preferably of 15-25%, eg 20%.

Retardpræparaterne ifølge den foreliggende opfindelse kan anvendes 30 til administration af meget forskellige, praktisk taget vanduoplø-selige klasser af aktive midler. De kan anvendes til deres kendte indikationer.The retarding compositions of the present invention can be used to administer very different, practically water-insoluble classes of active agents. They can be used for their known indications.

12 DK Ί6/649 ΒΊ12 DK Ί6 / 649 ΒΊ

Den mængde aktivt middel, som skal administreres, kan afhænge af forskellige faktorer, fx den tilstand, som skal behandles, den ønskede behandlingsvarighed og afgivelseshastigheden af de aktive midler.The amount of active agent to be administered may depend on various factors, for example, the condition to be treated, the desired treatment duration and the rate of release of the active agents.

Mængden af hvert aktivt middel, som kræves, og afgivelseshastigheden 5 kan bestemmes under anvendelse af in vivo -teknikker, fx ved måling af koncentrationen af aktivt middel i blodserummet.The amount of each active agent required and the rate of release 5 can be determined using in vivo techniques, for example, by measuring the concentration of active agent in the blood serum.

De farmaceutiske præparater af fx forbindelserne A og B kan fx anvendes til de samme indikationer som beskrevet i europæisk patentskrift nr. 150 og i britisk patentskrift nr. 2.037.766.For example, the pharmaceutical compositions of compounds A and B can be used for the same indications as described in European Patent Specification No. 150 and in British Patent Specification No. 2,037,766.

10 Til antihypertonisk anvendelse anvendes der fx op til 250 mg, især op til 200 mg, fortrinsvis 50-100 mg af forbindelse A og op til 50 mg, især op til 25 mg, fortrinsvis 10-20 mg af forbindelse B pr. dag.For example, for antihypertensive use, up to 250 mg, especially up to 200 mg, preferably 50-100 mg of compound A and up to 50 mg, especially up to 25 mg, preferably 10-20 mg of compound B, is used. day.

Fig. 1-4 og fig. 7-8 angiver plasmaniveauet for et farmaceutisk præparat indeholdende henholdsvis forbindelse A/ml og forbindelse 15 B/ml i løbet af mindst 22 timer. Fig. 5-6 viser opløsningshastigheden af forbindelse A in vitro.FIG. 1-4 and FIG. 7-8 indicate the plasma level of a pharmaceutical composition containing compound A / ml and compound 15 B / ml, respectively, over at least 22 hours. FIG. 5-6 shows the dissolution rate of compound A in vitro.

Den foreliggende opfindelse angår især et farmaceutisk præparat, der giver plasmaniveauer på 2-8 ng af forbindelse A pr. ml i løbet af mindst 22 timer, når det indeholder én dosis på 50 mg af det aktive 20 middel. Basis for denne iagttagelse er plasmaniveaukurverne 1, 3, 4, 5 og 6-13 i fig. 1-4.In particular, the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition which provides plasma levels of 2-8 ng of compound A per day. ml for at least 22 hours when containing one dose of 50 mg of the active agent. The basis for this observation is the plasma level curves 1, 3, 4, 5 and 6-13 in FIG. 1-4.

Den foreliggende opfindelse angår også et farmaceutisk præparat, der giver plasmaniveauer på 1-2,5 ng af forbindelse B pr. ml i løbet af mindst 22 timer, når det indeholder én dosis på 10 mg af det aktive 25 middel. Basis for denne iagttagelse er plasmaniveaukurverne 23 og 26 i fig. 7 og 8.The present invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition which provides plasma levels of 1-2.5 ng of compound B ml for at least 22 hours when containing one dose of 10 mg of the active agent. The basis for this observation is the plasma level curves 23 and 26 of FIG. 7 and 8.

Plasmaniveauet af forbindelse A i kurverne 1-13 i fig. 1-4 (koncentrationer i forhold til tiden) kan bestemmes gaschromatografisk.The plasma level of compound A in the curves 1-13 in FIG. 1-4 (concentrations relative to time) can be determined by gas chromatography.

En plasmaprøve på 1 ml, som med NaOH er indstillet til en pH-værdi på 30 13, blev ekstraheret med toluen, toluenet blev afdampet, og rema- DK 167649 B1 13 nensen blev opløst i 0,5 ml toluen. 2 /il af den dannede opløsning blev fraskilt ved 300°C i en OV 17-søjle (6% på Gaschrom Q 0,149-0,125 mm) under anvendelse af en argon/methangasblanding (95:5 volu-men/volumen) som bæregas (hastighed 60 ml/minut). Analysen kan ud-5 føres under anvendelse af en elektronfangerdetektor. Retentionstiden af forbindelsen A var 3,1 minutter.A 1 ml plasma sample adjusted with NaOH to a pH of 30 13 was extracted with toluene, the toluene was evaporated and the residue was dissolved in 0.5 ml of toluene. 2 µl of the resulting solution was separated at 300 ° C in an OV 17 column (6% on Gaschrom Q 0.149-0.125 mm) using an argon / methane gas mixture (95: 5 v / v) as carrier gas ( speed 60 ml / minute). The assay can be performed using an electron capture detector. The retention time of compound A was 3.1 minutes.

Koncentrationen af forbindelsen blev beregnet ved topmåling i sammenligning med toppen af en intern standard. Detektionsgrænsen er 0,5 ng aktivt middel pr. ml plasma.The concentration of the compound was calculated by peak measurement in comparison with the peak of an internal standard. The detection limit is 0.5 ng of active agent per day. ml of plasma.

10 Opløsningshastigheden af forbindelsen A in vitro vist ved kurve 14-22 på fig. 5 og 6, af forbindelse C i eksempel 13 og af nifedipin i eksempel 14 (opløste mængder i vægtprocent i forhold til tiden) blev bestemt i 1000 ml opløsningsmiddelmedium ved 37°G i henhold til Rotation-Paddle-metoden (USP XX) ved 50 omdrejninger pr. minut. For 15 forbindelse A og for nifedipin blev der anvendt en vandig 0,1 HCl-opløsning som opløsningsmiddelmedium. Efter 2 timer blev pH-værdien indstillet ved tilsætning af en tensidholdig pufferopløsning med en pH-værdi på 6,8. Forbindelse C blev testet i en neutral tensidholdig vandig opløsning.10 The dissolution rate of compound A in vitro shown by curves 14-22 of FIG. 5 and 6, of Compound C in Example 13 and of nifedipine in Example 14 (dissolved amounts by weight over time) were determined in 1000 ml of solvent medium at 37 ° G according to the Rotation-Paddle method (USP XX) at 50 ° C. RPM minute. For compound A and nifedipine, an aqueous 0.1 HCl solution was used as the solvent medium. After 2 hours, the pH was adjusted by adding a surfactant-containing buffer solution with a pH of 6.8. Compound C was tested in a neutral surfactant-containing aqueous solution.

20 20 pliter af en filtreret prøve af opløsningen af aktivt middel og af en sammenligningsopløsning blev fraskilt chroma tografisk i 2 søjler med en længde på 10 cm og en diameter på 4,6 mm indeholdende stoffet RP.18; 5 μια som stationær fase og med methanol/vand 85:15 (v/v) som mobil fase og ved et tryk på 150 bar ved stuetemperatur og blev målt 25 ved en bølgelængde på 326 nm.20 liters of a filtered sample of the active agent solution and of a comparative solution were chromatographically separated into 2 columns of 10 cm length and 4.6 mm diameter containing the substance RP.18; 5 μια as stationary phase and with methanol / water 85:15 (v / v) as mobile phase and at a pressure of 150 bar at room temperature and was measured 25 at a wavelength of 326 nm.

Plasmaniveauerne af forbindelse B for kurve 23-26 i fig. 7 og 8 blev også bestemt chromatografisk. En plasmaprøve på 2 ml, som med NaOH var indstillet til en pH-værdi på 13, blev ekstraheret med toluen.The plasma levels of compound B for curve 23-26 in FIG. 7 and 8 were also chromatographically determined. A 2 ml plasma sample, adjusted to pH 13 with NaOH, was extracted with toluene.

Toluenet blev af dampet, og remanensen blev opløst i 25 μΐ toluen. 2 30 μΐ af den dannede opløsning blev fraskilt ved en temperatur på 300° C i en OV 17-kapillærsøjle (indre diameter 0,3 mm og længde 25 m) under anvendelse af helium som bæregas (tryk ved indløbet: 0,7 atm. overtryk) .The toluene was evaporated and the residue was dissolved in 25 μΐ toluene. 2 30 μΐ of the resulting solution was separated at a temperature of 300 ° C in an OV 17 capillary column (inner diameter 0.3 mm and length 25 m) using helium as a carrier gas (inlet pressure: 0.7 atm). overprint).

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Analysen blev udført ved en temperatur på 300°C under anvendelse af en elektronf angerdetektor og med en argon/methangasb landing (90:10 volumen/volumen) (hastighed 30 ml/minut) som yderligere gas. Retentionstiden af forbindelse B var 11,5 minutter.The analysis was performed at a temperature of 300 ° C using an electron detector and with an argon / methane gas landing (90:10 v / v) (speed 30 ml / min) as additional gas. The retention time of compound B was 11.5 minutes.

5 Beregningen af koncentrationen af forbindelse B blev udført på analog måde som beskrevet for forbindelse A. Detektionsgrænsen er 50 pico-gram aktivt middel pr. ml plasma.The calculation of the concentration of compound B was performed in an analogous manner as described for compound A. The detection limit is 50 pico grams of active agent per ml. ml of plasma.

EKSEMPEL 1 4-(2,1,3-Benzoxadiazol-4-yl) -1,4-dihydro-5-carboxycarbonyl-2,6-dime-10 thyl-3-pyridincarboxylsyre-ethylester (forbindelse A)Example 1 4- (2,1,3-Benzoxadiazol-4-yl) -1,4-dihydro-5-carboxycarbonyl-2,6-dimethyl-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid ethyl ester (Compound A)

Fremstilling af den faste dispersion: 4 vægtdele flageformet polyethylenglycol 6000 smeltes ved 55-63°C og opvarmes til ca. 85°C under omrøring.Preparation of the solid dispersion: 4 parts by weight of flaked polyethylene glycol 6000 are melted at 55-63 ° C and heated to approx. 85 ° C with stirring.

Én vægtdel af forbindelse A tilsættes og opløses fuldstændigt under 15 omrøring ved konstant temperatur. Opløsningen afkøles derefter hurtigt ved at hælde den ud på et metalark, hvor den størkner med en lagtykkelse på ca. 2 mm. Efter afkøling til stuetemperatur frigøres det størknede lag fra arket, formindskes til grove stykker og ledes derefter i trin gennem sigter med faldende maskestørrelse (2,5, 1,0 20 og 0,5 mm) eller formindskes til små stykker i en hammermølle, således at der fremstilles et granulat, som er egnet til fremstilling af en tablet- eller kapselblanding.One part by weight of compound A is added and dissolved completely under stirring at constant temperature. The solution is then cooled rapidly by pouring it onto a sheet of metal where it solidifies with a layer thickness of approx. 2 mm. After cooling to room temperature, the solidified layer is released from the sheet, reduced to coarse pieces and then passed in steps through decreasing mesh sizes (2.5, 1.0 20 and 0.5 mm) or reduced to small pieces in a hammer mill, thus preparing a granulate suitable for preparing a tablet or capsule mixture.

DK 167649 B1 15 EKSEMPEL 2 Hårde gelatinekapsler BestanddeleMængde i mg 5 1. Forbindelse A - polyethylenglycol 6000 granulat (20%), fremstillet ifølge eksempel 1 250,0 2. Placebogranulat afExample 16 Hard gelatin capsules Ingredients Amount in mg 5 1. Compound A - polyethylene glycol 6000 granules (20%), prepared according to Example 1 250.0 2. Placebo granules of

Lactose 83 dele 10 Majsstivelse 10 deleLactose 83 parts 10 Corn starch 10 parts

Polyvinylpyrrolidon 6 dele 41,0 3. Tværbundet polyvinylpyrrolidon 6,0 4. Siliciumdioxid 1,5 5. Magnesiumstearat 1,5 15 - 300,0Polyvinylpyrrolidone 6 parts 41.0 3. Crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone 6.0 4. Silicon dioxide 1.5 5. Magnesium stearate 1.5 15 - 300.0

Granulaterne 1 og 2 blandes. Bestanddelene 3-5 blandes også, hvorefter blandingen af 1 og 2 blandes med blandingen af 3-5 og fyldes i gelatinekapsler med egnet kapacitet.The granules 1 and 2 are mixed. The ingredients 3-5 are also mixed, after which the mixture of 1 and 2 is mixed with the mixture of 3-5 and filled into gelatin capsules of suitable capacity.

20 EKSEMPEL 3EXAMPLE 3

Den hårde gelatinekapsel ifølge eksempel 2 overtrækkes med et ente-risk opløseligt overtræk på sædvanlig måde i en Wurster-søjle med en blanding af hydroxypropylmethylcellulosephthalat 33,3 mg 25 og diethylphthalat 3,3 mg 16 UK lb/649 bl EKSEMPEL 4 TabletterThe hard gelatin capsule of Example 2 is coated with an enteric soluble coating in the usual manner in a Wurster column with a mixture of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate 33.3 mg 25 and diethylphthalate 3.3 mg 16 UK lb / 649 bl EXAMPLE 4 Tablets

Bestanddele Mængde i mg 5 1. Forbindelse A - polyethylenglycol 6000 granulat (20%), fremstillet ifølge eksempel 1 250,0 2. Lactose, vandfri 188,5 3. Siliciumdioxid 2,5 10 4. Magnesiumstearat 9,0 450,0Ingredients Amount in mg 5 1. Compound A - polyethylene glycol 6000 granules (20%), prepared according to Example 1 250.0 2. Lactose, anhydrous 188.5 3. Silicon dioxide 2.5 10 4. Magnesium stearate 9.0 450.0

Bestanddelene 1-4 blandes i kort tid, blandingen sigtes (630 pm maskestørrelse), blandes igen og tabletteres på konventionel måde.Ingredients 1-4 are blended for a short time, the mixture is sieved (630 µm mesh size), blended again and tabulated in conventional manner.

15 EKSEMPEL 5EXAMPLE 5

TabletTablet

Bestanddele Mængde i mg 1 2 3 4Ingredients Amount in mg 1 2 3 4

Forbindelse A - polyethylenglycol 20 6000 granulat (20%), fremstillet ifølge eksempel 1 250,00 2Compound A - Polyethylene Glycol 20 6000 Granules (20%), prepared according to Example 1,250.00 2

Lactose, vandfri 177,25 3Lactose, anhydrous 177.25 3

Tværbundet polyvinylpyrrolidon 11,25 4Crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone 11.25 4

Siliciumdioxid 2,50 25 5. Magnesiumstearat 9,00Silicon dioxide 2.50 5. Magnesium stearate 9.00

Bestanddelene 1-5 blandes og tabletteres som beskrevet i eksempel 4.The ingredients 1-5 are mixed and tableted as described in Example 4.

Tabletten overtrækkes med enterisk opløseligt overtræk som beskrevet i eksempel 3 med en blanding af DK 167649 B1 17 hydroxyp r opylme thylcellulose-phthalat 9% og diethylphthaiat, 9% 50,00 5 - 500,00 EKSEMPEL 6 På analog måde som beskrevet i eksempel 1 fremstilles en 40%'s dispersion af forbindelse A i polyethylenglycol 6000 ved en temperatur 10 på 125°C. Dispers ions granulatet komprimeres på en måde som beskrevet i· eksempel 5 til tabletter, der indeholder 50 og 100 mg aktivt middel .The tablet is coated with enteric soluble coating as described in Example 3 with a mixture of DK 167649 B1 17 hydroxyp r opylme thylcellulose phthalate 9% and diethyl phthalate 9% 50.00 5 - 500.00 EXAMPLE 6 By analogy as described in Example 1 a 40% dispersion of Compound A in polyethylene glycol 6000 is prepared at a temperature 10 of 125 ° C. The dispersion granules are compressed in a manner as described in Example 5 for tablets containing 50 and 100 mg of active agent.

Tablettertablets

Bestanddele Mængde i mg 15 _ 1. Forbindelse A - polyethylenglycol 6000 granulat (40%) 125,0 250,0 2. Lactose, vandfri 65,0 130,0 3. Tværbundet polyvinylpyrrolidon 5,0 10,0 20 4. Siliciumdioxid 1,0 2,0 5. Magnesiumstearat 4,0 8,0 enterisk opløseligt overtræk * 20,0 40,0 220,0 440,0 25 * Et overtræk af vægtprocent hydroxypropylmethylcellulosephthalat 93Ingredients Amount in mg 15 Compound A - polyethylene glycol 6000 granules (40%) 125.0 250.0 2. Lactose, anhydrous 65.0 130.0 3. Cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone 5.0 10.0 20 4. Silicon dioxide 1 , 2.0 2.0 5. Magnesium stearate 4.0 8.0 Enteric soluble coating * 20.0 40.0 220.0 440.0 25 * A weight percent hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose phthalate coating 93

Titandioxid 3,5Titanium Dioxide 3.5

Jernoxid, gult 3,5Iron oxide, yellow 3.5

Overtrækket påføres på konventionel måde i en Wurster-søjle.The coating is applied in a conventional manner in a Wurster column.

18 DK Ί67649 ΒΊ18 DK Ί67649 ΒΊ

Sammenligningsforsøg nr. 1Comparative Experiment # 1

En konventionel ikke-overtrukket hård gelatinekapsel indeholdende et granulat af bestanddelene 1-5 og en ydre fase af en blanding af bestanddelene 6-9 5 Mængde i mg 1. Forbindelse A 50,0 2. Lactose 216,0 3. Tværbundet polyvinylpyrrolidon 6,0 4. Polyoxyethylen-polyoxypropylenpolymer 10,0 10 5. Polyvinylpyrrolidon 7,5 6. Tværbundet polyvinylpyrrolidon 5,5 7. Polyethylenglycol 6000 (solubili- seringsmiddel) 10,0 8. Maj s stivelse 52,0 15 9. Magnesiumstearat 3,0 360,0 blev sammenlignet med den med enterisk opløseligt overtræk overtrukne retardkapsel fra eksempel 3 og med den ikke-overtrukne retardkapsel 20 fra eksempel 2.A conventional uncoated hard gelatin capsule containing a granulate of constituents 1-5 and an outer phase of a mixture of constituents 6-9 Amount in mg 1. Compound A 50.0 2. Lactose 216.0 3. Cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone 6, 0 4. Polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene polymer 10.0 10 5. Polyvinylpyrrolidone 7.5 6. Cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone 5.5 7. Polyethylene glycol 6000 (solubilizing agent) 10.0 8. May's starch 52.0 15 9. Magnesium stearate 3.0 360.0 was compared with the enteric-soluble coated retard capsule of Example 3 and with the non-coated retard capsule 20 of Example 2.

I 8 sunde fastende mandlige forsøgspersoner på 19-40 år gav de med enterisk opløseligt overtræk overtrukne retardkapsler fra eksempel 3 næsten konstante plasmaniveauer for forbindelse A (ca. 5 ng/ml) i fra 3 timer til 28 timer efter administration (gennemsnitskurve 1 i fig.In 8 healthy fasting male subjects aged 19-40 years, the enteric-coated coated retard capsules of Example 3 provided nearly constant plasma levels of Compound A (about 5 ng / ml) for 3 hours to 28 hours after administration (mean curve 1 in Figs. .

25 1).25 1).

Konventionelle hårde gelatinekapsler gav i de samme forsøgspersoner det konventionelle billede af gennemsnitskurve 2 i fig. 1, idet det aktive middel for størstedelens vedkommende blev afgivet inden for 6 timer. Arealerne under begge kurverne 1 og 2 er næsten det samme: 30 AUC0°° * = 210 hhv. 196,2 ng/ml/time [* = AUCq" = areal under kurven (ekstrapoleret til uendeligt)]. Dette viser, at kapslen ifølge opfindelsen ikke har noget væsentligt tab af biotilgængelighed.Conventional hard gelatin capsules, in the same subjects, gave the conventional image of average curve 2 in FIG. 1, the active agent being for the most part delivered within 6 hours. The areas under both curves 1 and 2 are almost the same: 30 AUC0 °° * = 210 and 210 respectively. 196.2 ng / ml / hour [* = AUCq "= area under the curve (extrapolated to infinity)]. This shows that the capsule according to the invention has no significant loss of bioavailability.

DK 167649 B1 19DK 167649 B1 19

Ved et andet forsøg blev den ikke - overtrukne retardkapsel fra eksempel 2 administreret til 8 sunde mandlige forsøgspersoner. Fire af forsøgspersonerne deltog også i den første test med den enterisk opløselige overtræk overtrukne retardkapsel. I sammenligning med den 5 konventionelle kapsel (kurve 2) opnås der en retardvirkning (gennemsnitskurve 3 i fig. 1). Imidlertid har den ikke-overtrukne retardkapsel fra eksempel 2 en tendens til at forårsage lægemiddelspræng-ning (kurve 3).In another experiment, the uncoated retard capsule of Example 2 was administered to 8 healthy male subjects. Four of the subjects also participated in the first test with the enteric soluble coating coated retard capsule. Compared to the 5 conventional capsule (curve 2), a retarding effect is obtained (average curve 3 in Figure 1). However, the uncoated retard capsule of Example 2 tends to cause drug burst (curve 3).

Ud fra begge forsøg kan det nu fastslås, at kombinationen af det 10 hidtil ukendte faste dispersionsgranulat med det enterisk opløselige overtræk har en udmærket kontrolleret afgivelsesvirkning.From both experiments it can now be determined that the combination of the novel solid dispersion granulate with the enteric soluble coating has an excellent controlled release effect.

Med retardkapslerne fra eksempel 2 og 3, især den med enterisk opløseligt overtræk overtrukne kapsel fra eksempel 3, bliver administration én gang daglig mulig; af den konventionelle form skal der 15 tages 2-3 kapsler om dagen med regelmæssige tidsintervaller.With the retard capsules of Examples 2 and 3, especially the enteric-soluble coated capsule of Example 3, administration once daily is possible; of the conventional form, 15 2-3 capsules a day should be taken at regular intervals.

Sammenligningsforsøg nr. 2Comparative Experiment # 2

Den konventionelle ikke-overtrukne hårde gelatinekapsel fra sammenligningsforsøg nr. 1 blev igen sammenlignet, men i stedet med den med enterisk opløseligt overtræk overtrukne retardtablet fra eksempel 5, 20 og testet i en anden gruppe på 8 sunde mandlige forsøgspersoner.The conventional uncoated hard gelatin capsule from Comparative Trial # 1 was again compared, but instead with the enteric-soluble coated retard tablet of Examples 5, 20 and tested in another group of 8 healthy male subjects.

Den med enterisk opløseligt overtræk overtrukne retardtablet fra eksempel 5 gav plasmaniveauer af gennemsnitskurven 4 i fig. 2, og den konventionelle kapsel fra sammenligningsforsøg nr. 1 gav et gennemsnitsresultat, sammenligneligt med kurve 2. Den med enterisk oplø-25 seligt overtræk overtrukne retardtablet fra eksempel 5 gav praktisk talt konstante plasmaniveauer af forbindelse A (ca. 6-7 ng/ml) fra 5 og til og med 32 timer efter administration (kurve 4).The enteric coating coated with enteric soluble coating from Example 5 gave plasma levels of the average curve 4 in FIG. 2, and the conventional capsule from Comparative Experiment # 1 gave an average result, comparable to curve 2. The enteric coating coated with enteric soluble coating of Example 5 gave practically constant plasma levels of compound A (about 6-7 ng / ml ) from 5 up to and including 32 hours after administration (curve 4).

Der er igen ikke noget væsentligt tab i (relativ) biotilgængelighed, når man anvender den med enterisk opløseligt overtræk overtrukne 30 retardtablet. Dette gør administration én gang daglig mulig. Den konventionelle hårde gelatinekapsel skal tages 2-3 daglig.Again, there is no significant loss in (relative) bioavailability when using the enteric-soluble coating retarded tablet. This makes administration possible once a day. The conventional hard gelatin capsule should be taken 2-3 daily.

DK 167649 B1 20DK 167649 B1 20

Sammenligningsforsøg nr. 3 I en yderligere undersøgelse af mennesker med 8 sunde mandspersoner blev den normale ikke-overtrukne kapsel, som er beskrevet i sammenligningsforsøg nr. 1, sammenlignet i et overkrydsningsforsøg med tre 5 yderligere formuleringer, herunder den med enterisk opløseligt overtræk overtrukne retardtablet fra eksempel 6 indeholdende 50 mg af forbindelse A i en 40%'s fast dispersion i polyethylenglycol 6000.Comparative Experiment # 3 In a further study of humans with 8 healthy subjects, the normal uncoated capsule described in Comparative Experiment # 1 was compared in a crossover trial with three additional formulations, including the enteric-soluble coated retard tablet from Example 6 containing 50 mg of compound A in a 40% solid dispersion in polyethylene glycol 6000.

Ved denne undersøgelse blev alle formuleringer administreret til de fastende personer med 150 ml vand. Der blev givet en standardfrokost 10 2 1/2 time senere.In this study, all formulations were administered to the fasting subjects with 150 ml of water. A standard lunch was given 10 2 1/2 hours later.

Gennemsnitskurven 5 i fig. 3 viser plasmaniveauerne af den med enterisk opløseligt overtræk overtrukne retardtablet i op til 72 timer.The average curve 5 in FIG. 3 shows the plasma levels of the enteric soluble coating retarded tablet for up to 72 hours.

Der fås koncentrationer på mellem 3 og 5 ng/ml fra 7 til 36 timer efter indtagelse, en absorptionsvarighed, som varer 29 timer. I sam-15 menligning med den normale kapsel var den relative biotilgængelighed af retardtabletten 88% med en standardafvigelse på 36%. Denne værdi er ikke statistisk forskellig fra 100% på basis af en parret t-test, hvilket viser, at der ikke er noget tab af biotilgængelighed.Concentrations of between 3 and 5 ng / ml are obtained from 7 to 36 hours after ingestion, an absorption duration lasting 29 hours. Compared to the normal capsule, the relative bioavailability of the retard tablet was 88% with a standard deviation of 36%. This value is not statistically different from 100% on the basis of a paired t-test, which shows that there is no loss of bioavailability.

Et bemærkelsesværdigt træk ved denne retardtablets farmakokinetiske 20 opførsel er den relativt lave intraindividuelle variabilitet, hvilket fremgår af de individuelle kinetiske profilkurver 6-13 i fig. 4.A notable feature of the pharmacokinetic behavior of this retard tablet is the relatively low intraindividual variability, as evidenced by the individual kinetic profile curves 6-13 in FIG. 4th

I alle tilfælde ser man, at plasmaniveauerne falder inden for 2-8 ng/ml-området, og der forekommer ikke nogen væsentlig lægemiddelsprængning hos nogen person. Endvidere gav tilstedeværelsen af det 25 gastroresistente overtræk en i høj grad reproducerbar tidsforsinkelse før absorption (2,6 ± 0,8 time), når tabletterne blev administreret i fastende tilstand.In all cases, plasma levels are seen to fall within the 2-8 ng / ml range and no significant drug bursting occurs in any person. Furthermore, the presence of the 25 gastroresistant coating gave a highly reproducible time delay before absorption (2.6 ± 0.8 hours) when the tablets were administered in the fasted state.

Disse resultater viser, at en med et enterisk opløseligt overtræk overtrukken tablet bestående af en 40%'s fast dispersion udgør en 30 udmærket dosisform, der muliggør anvendelse én gang om dagen af 50 mg og muligvis højere doser, fx 100 mg lægemiddel.These results show that an enteric-soluble coating coated tablet of a 40% solid dispersion constitutes a 30 excellent dosage form which allows for once-daily use of 50 mg and possibly higher doses, e.g., 100 mg of drug.

EKSEMPEL 7 21 DK 167649 B1 4-(2,1,3 -Benzoxadiazol-4-yl) -1,4- dihydro- 5-me thoxycarbonyl - 2,6 - dimethyl-3-pyridincarboxylsyre-isopropyles ter (forbindelse B)EXAMPLE 7 21 4- (2,1,3-Benzoxadiazol-4-yl) -1,4-dihydro-5-methoxycarbonyl-2,6-dimethyl-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid isopropyl ether (Compound B)

Fremstilling af en fast dispersion og af et dispersionsgranulat: 5 6 Vægtdele polyethylenglycol 6000 blandes med 2 vægtdele af en kom merciel blanding omfattende mono-, di- og triestere af palmitin- og stearinsyre og glycerol (Precirol®, forhandles af Gattefosse) og med 2 vægtdele af forbindelse B, og smeltes derefter ved en temperatur på 75-85°C og opløses så godt som muligt under intensiv omrøring ved en 10 konstant temperatur på 70°C. Blandingen afkøles derefter hurtigt til stuetemperatur ved at blive hældt ud på et i forvejen afkølet metalark og holdes ved 4°C i 3 timer. Den størkner som et lag med en tykkelse på ca. 4 mm.Preparation of a solid dispersion and of a dispersion granulate: 5 6 parts by weight of polyethylene glycol 6000 are mixed with 2 parts by weight of a commercial mixture comprising mono-, di- and triesters of palmitic and stearic acid and glycerol (Precirol®, available from Gattefosse) and with 2 parts by weight of compound B, and then melted at a temperature of 75-85 ° C and dissolved as best as possible under intensive stirring at a constant temperature of 70 ° C. The mixture is then rapidly cooled to room temperature by being poured onto a pre-cooled sheet of metal and kept at 4 ° C for 3 hours. It solidifies as a layer with a thickness of approx. 4 mm.

Det størknede lag reduceres til grove partikler, som ledes gennem en 15 hammermølle (Fitzpatrick-typen, USA), hvilket giver et granulat, som kan anvendes til fremstilling af en tablet- eller kapselblanding.The solidified layer is reduced to coarse particles which are passed through a hammer mill (Fitzpatrick type, USA) to provide a granulate which can be used to prepare a tablet or capsule mixture.

Den karakteristiske kornstørrelse af RRS-B-fordelingen = X' = ca. 320 μπι.The characteristic grain size of the RRS-B distribution = X '= approx. 320 μπι.

n = ca. 3 (et reciprokt mål for fordelingsområdet) (H. Sucker, c.s.n = ca. 3 (a reciprocal measure of the distribution range) (H. Sucker, c.s.

20 Pharmazeutische Technologie, Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, 1978, s.20 Pharmaceutical Technology, Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, 1978, p.

110).110).

DK 167649 B1 22 EKSEMPEL 8 TabletEXAMPLE 8 Tablet

Bestanddele Mængde i mg 5 1. Forbindelse B - polyethylengly- col 6000 - fedtsyreglycerylester-granulatblanding (fremstillet ifølge eksempel 7) 50,0 2. Lactose, vandfri 68,8 10 3. Magnesiums tearat 1,2 120,0Ingredients Amount in mg 5 1. Compound B - polyethylene glycol 6000 - fatty acid glyceryl ester granulate mixture (prepared according to Example 7) 50.0 2. Lactose, anhydrous 68.8 10 3. Magnesium tearate 1.2 120.0

Bestanddelene 1 og 2 blandes kort (5 minutter). Blandingen sigtes (maskestørrelse 800 μτα.), sigtes igen (10 minutter), blandes med 15 bestanddel 3 (5 minutter) og tabletteres på konventionel måde på en roterende tabletteringsmaskine.Ingredients 1 and 2 are mixed briefly (5 minutes). The mixture is sieved (mesh size 800 μτα.), Sieved again (10 minutes), mixed with 15 component 3 (5 minutes) and tableted in a conventional manner on a rotary tableting machine.

Tabletterne har en diameter på 7 mm og har en kompressionsstyrke på 46 Newton.The tablets have a diameter of 7 mm and have a compressive strength of 46 Newton.

EKSEMPEL 9 20 TabletEXAMPLE 9 Tablet

Bestanddele Mængde i mg 1. Forbindelse B - polyethylengly-col 6000 - fedtsyreglycerylester- 25 granulatblanding (fremstillet ifølge eksempel 7) 50,00 2. Lactose, vandfri 61,42 3. Siliciumdioxid 0,23 4. Natriumcarboxymethylcellulose 2,20 30 5. Magnesiumstearat 1,15 115,00 DK 167649 B1 23Ingredients Amount in mg 1. Compound B - polyethylene glycol 6000 - fatty acid glyceryl ester granulate mixture (prepared according to Example 7) 50.00 2. Lactose, anhydrous 61.42 3. Silicon dioxide 0.23 4. Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose 2.20 30 5. Magnesium stearate 1.15 115.00 DK 167649 B1 23

Bestanddelene 1, 2 og 4 blandes kort (5 minutter), blandingen sigtes (maskestørrelse 800 μπι) og blandes igen (10 minutter).Ingredients 1, 2 and 4 are mixed briefly (5 minutes), sieved (mesh size 800 μπι) and mixed again (10 minutes).

Bestanddelene 3 og 5 blandes sammen med en del af blandingen af 1, 2 og 4, sigtes (800 μα) og blandes med resten af blandingen af 1, 2 og 5 4 (5 minutter).Ingredients 3 and 5 are mixed together with part of the mixture of 1, 2 and 4, sieved (800 μα) and mixed with the rest of the mixture of 1, 2 and 5 4 (5 minutes).

Sammenligningsforsøg nr. 4Comparative Experiment # 4

En konventionel ikke-overtrukket hård gelatinekapsel indeholdende en blanding af bestanddelene 1-6A conventional uncoated hard gelatin capsule containing a mixture of ingredients 1-6

Bestanddele Mængde i mg 10 _ 1. Forbindelse B 10,0 2. Lactose (fyldstof) 167,0 3. Natriumlaurylsulfat (solubi- liseringsmiddel) 5,5 15 4. Siliciumdioxid (glittemiddel) 1,5 5. Majsstivelse (desintegreringsmiddel) 128,0 6. Polyethylenglycol 6000 (so- lubiliseringsmiddel) 8,0 20 - 320,0 blev sammenlignet med retardtabletten fra eksempel 8.Ingredients Amount in mg 10 1. Compound B 10.0 2. Lactose (filler) 167.0 3. Sodium lauryl sulfate (solubilizing agent) 5.5 15 4. Silica (lubricant) 1.5 5. Corn starch (disintegrant) 128 Polyethylene glycol 6000 (solubilizing agent) 8.0 20 - 320.0 was compared with the retard tablet of Example 8.

Hos 8 fastende sunde mandlige forsøgspersoner i en alder på 19-40 år viste retardtabletten fra eksempel 8 praktisk talt konstante plasma-25 niveauer af lægemiddel på mellem 2,3 og 1 ng/ml og i gennemsnit mellem 1,5 og 1 ng/ml i fra 2 til 24 timer efter administration (se gennemsnitskurve 23 i fig. 7). Den konventionelle ikke-retardkapsel viste hos de samme forsøgspersoner det konventionelle billede af gennemsnitskurven 24 og en lægemiddelafgivelse inden for 6 timer.In 8 fasting healthy male subjects aged 19-40 years, the retard tablet of Example 8 showed practically constant plasma 25 drug levels of between 2.3 and 1 ng / ml and on average between 1.5 and 1 ng / ml for 2 to 24 hours after administration (see average curve 23 in Fig. 7). The conventional non-retard capsule showed in the same subjects the conventional image of mean curve 24 and drug delivery within 6 hours.

DK 167649 B1 24DK 167649 B1 24

Arealerne under begge kurverne 23 og 24 er praktisk taget de samme.The areas under both curves 23 and 24 are practically the same.

Ved sammenligning af AUC0°° af kurverne 23 og 24 kunne der fastslås en relativ biotilgængelighed på endda 96,2% for retardtabletten fra eksempel 8.By comparing the AUC0 °° of curves 23 and 24, a relative bioavailability of even 96.2% for the retard tablet of Example 8 could be established.

5 Retardtabletten fra eksempel 8 gav i sammenligning med den konventionelle ikke-overtrukne hårde gelatinekapsel en næppe detekterbar lægemiddelsprængning.The retard tablet of Example 8, when compared to the conventional uncoated hard gelatin capsule, gave a barely detectable drug burst.

Medens der skal administreres 2-3 konventionelle kapsler pr. dag, fordelt over regelmæssige tidsrum, gør retardtabletten administration 10 én gang daglig mulig.While administering 2-3 conventional capsules per per day, distributed over regular periods, the retard tablet administration 10 once daily is possible.

EKSEMPEL 10EXAMPLE 10

Fremstilling af en fast dispersion og af et dispersions granulat: 10 Vægtdele af forbindelse B opløses ved en temperatur på 125° C i væskeformig polyethylenglycol 6000.Preparation of a solid dispersion and of a dispersion granule: 10 parts by weight of compound B is dissolved at a temperature of 125 ° C in liquid polyethylene glycol 6000.

15 Blandingen afkøles hurtigt til stuetemperatur ved at hælde den ud på et i forvejen afkølet metalark og holdes der natten over.The mixture is rapidly cooled to room temperature by pouring it onto a pre-cooled sheet of metal and kept overnight.

Det størknede lag reduceres til grove partikler og ledes gennem en hammermølle (Fitzpatrick-typen, USA), hvilket giver et granulat, som kan anvendes til fremstilling af en tablet- eller kapselblanding.The solidified layer is reduced to coarse particles and passed through a hammer mill (Fitzpatrick type, USA) to provide a granulate which can be used to prepare a tablet or capsule mixture.

DK 167649 B1 25 EKSEMPEL 11 TabletEXAMPLE 11 Tablet

Bestanddele Mængde i mg 5 1. Forbindelse B - polyethylengly- col 6000 - granulat (20%, fremstillet ifølge eksempel 10) 50,00 2. Lactose, vandfri 63,85 3. Magnesiumstearat 1,15 10 - 115,00Ingredients Amount in mg 5 1. Compound B - polyethylene glycol 6000 - granulate (20%, prepared according to Example 10) 50.00 2. Lactose, anhydrous 63.85 3. Magnesium stearate 1.15 10 - 115.00

Tabletten fremstilles på analog måde som beskrevet i eksempel 8 (sigten havde en maskestørrelse på 1250 pm).The tablet is prepared in an analogous manner as described in Example 8 (the screen had a mesh size of 1250 µm).

Tabletter: diameter 7 mm 15 kompressionsstyrke: 40 Newton.Tablets: diameter 7 mm 15 compressive strength: 40 Newton.

EKSEMPEL 12EXAMPLE 12

Tabletten ifølge eksempel 11 overtrækkes med et enterisk opløseligt overtræk på konventionel måde i en Wurster-søjle med en blanding af Mængde i mg 20 Hydroxypropylmethylcelluloseph thaiat 13,8The tablet of Example 11 is coated with an enteric soluble coating in a conventional manner in a Wurster column with a mixture of Amount in mg 20 Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose phthalate 13.8

Jernoxidpigment, rødt 0,6Iron oxide pigment, red 0.6

Titanoxid 0,6 15,0 DK 167649 B1 26Titanium oxide 0.6 15.0 DK 167649 B1 26

Sammenligningsforsøg nr. 5Comparative Experiment # 5

To konventionelle ikke-retardkapsler hver indeholdende en blanding af bestanddelene 1-6 Mængde i mg 5 1. Forbindelse B 5,0 2. Lactose 172,0 3. Natriumlaurylsulfat 5,5 4. Siliciumdioxid 1,5 5. Majsstivelse 128,0 10 6. Polyethylenglycol 6000 (solubiliseringsmiddel) 8,0 320,0 blev sammenlignet med den med enterisk opløseligt overtræk overtrukne 15 retardtablet ifølge eksempel 12.Two conventional non-retard capsules each containing a mixture of the ingredients 1-6 Amount in mg 5 1. Compound B 5.0 2. Lactose 172.0 3. Sodium lauryl sulfate 5.5 4. Silicon dioxide 1.5 5. Corn starch 128.0 10 6. Polyethylene glycol 6000 (solubilizing agent) 8.0 320.0 was compared to the enteric soluble coating retarded tablet of Example 12.

Forsøget blev udført som beskrevet i sammenligningsforsøg nr. 4 med den forskel, at antallet af forsøgspersoner nu var 11.The experiment was performed as described in comparative experiment # 4 with the difference that the number of subjects was now 11.

De konventionelle ikke-retardkapsler viste begge tilsammen det konventionelle billede af gennemsnitskurven 25 i fig. 8, og lægemidlet 20 blev afgivet inden for 10 timer.The conventional non-retard capsules both together showed the conventional image of the average curve 25 of FIG. 8, and drug 20 was delivered within 10 hours.

Den med enterisk opløseligt overtræk overtrukne retardtablet ifølge eksempel 12 gav et gennemsnitligt plasmaniveau på mellem 2,5 og 0,8 ng/ml af forbindelse B (gennemsnitskurve 26) fra 3 til 28 timer efter administration og havde en uformindsket relativ bio tilgængelighed i 25 sammenligning med de konventionelle kapsler.The enteric-soluble coated retard tablet of Example 12 gave an average plasma level of between 2.5 and 0.8 ng / ml of compound B (mean curve 26) from 3 to 28 hours after administration and had an unaffected relative bioavailability in comparison with the conventional capsules.

Den med enterisk opløseligt overtræk overtrukne retardtablet ifølge eksempel 12 gør administration på én gang om dagen mulig, hvorimod den konventionelle kapsel skal tages regelmæssigt 2-3 gange daglig.The enteric-soluble coated retard tablet of Example 12 allows administration at once a day, whereas the conventional capsule should be taken regularly 2-3 times daily.

DK 167649 B1 28DK 167649 B1 28

DispersionsgranulatDispersionsgranulat

Tid i timer 20% . 40% % opløst stof 5 0 0 0 2 5 0 3 29 11 4 56 20 5 77 31 10 6 90 41 7 96 46 8 97 51 12 98 63 16 99 72 15 20 101 79Time in hours 20%. 40%% solute 5 0 0 0 2 5 0 3 29 11 4 56 20 5 77 31 10 6 90 41 7 96 46 8 97 51 12 98 63 16 99 72 15 20 101 79

PATENTKRAVpatent claims

1. Fast dispersion af et farmakologisk aktivt middel i en vandopløselig, krystallinsk matrix som bærer, 20 kendetegnet ved, at det aktive middel a) har en maksimal opløselighed på 0,01% ved 37°C i vand, b) er til stede i matrixen i en total koncentration på over 5 vægtprocent, og c) er til stede i matrixen i en koncentration på over 5 vægtpro- 25 cent i sammenhængende krystallinsk form.1. Solid dispersion of a pharmacologically active agent in a water-soluble crystalline matrix as carrier, characterized in that the active agent a) has a maximum solubility of 0.01% at 37 ° C in water, b) is present in and the c) is present in the matrix at a concentration greater than 5% by weight in continuous crystalline form.

2. Dispersion ifølge krav 1, kendetegnet ved, at det aktive middel er en dihydropyri-din. 1Dispersion according to claim 1, characterized in that the active agent is a dihydropyridine. 1

Dispersion ifølge krav 1 eller 2, 30 kendetegnet ved, at matrixen er en polyalkylenglycol.Dispersion according to claim 1 or 2, 30, characterized in that the matrix is a polyalkylene glycol.

Claims (10)

10 Dispersionsgranulat Tid i timer 20% 30% 40% 50% % opløst stof 0 0 0 0 0 15 2 100 86 54 27 3 88 60 33 4 88 63 38 5 89 68 44 6 90 72 48 20 _ EKSEMPEL 14 Nifedipin På analog måde som beskrevet i eksempel 1 og 7 blev der fremstillet en 20%'s og en 40%'s dispersion af nifedipin i polyethylenglycol 25 6000. Opløsningshastighederne af de vundne dispersionsgranulater indeholdende 50 mg nifedipin blev bestemt i et vandigt medium i henhold til Rotating-Paddle-metoden (USP XX). DK 167649 B110 Dispersion granules Time in hours 20% 30% 40% 50%% solute 0 0 0 0 0 15 2 100 86 54 27 3 88 60 33 4 88 63 38 5 89 68 44 6 90 72 48 20 _ EXAMPLE 14 Nifedipine By analog As described in Examples 1 and 7, a 20% and a 40% dispersion of nifedipine in polyethylene glycol 25 6000 was prepared. The dissolution rates of the obtained dispersion granules containing 50 mg of nifedipine were determined in an aqueous medium according to Rotating Paddle method (USP XX). DK 167649 B1 4. Dispersion ifølge et hvilket som helst af kravene 1-3, kendetegnet ved, at den indeholder over 5 vægtprocent krystallinske partikler af det aktive middel med en diameter på op til 5 μπι.Dispersion according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that it contains more than 5% by weight crystalline particles of the active agent with a diameter of up to 5 μπι. 5. Dispersion ifølge et hvilket som helst af kravene 1-4, kendetegnet ved, at den er i granulatform.Dispersion according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that it is in granular form. 6. Sekundær struktur af et aktivt middel, kendetegnet ved, at den fås fra den faste dispersion ifølge et hvilket som helst af kravene 1-5 ved selektiv fjernelse af 10 matrixmaterialet.Secondary structure of an active agent, characterized in that it is obtained from the solid dispersion according to any one of claims 1-5 by selectively removing the matrix material. 7. Sekundær struktur af et aktivt middel ifølge krav 6, kendetegnet ved, at den har en overflade på 1-15 m^/g, målt ifølge BET-metoden, og et porevolumen på 20-95%, målt ved kvik-sølvporøsimetri.Secondary structure of an active agent according to claim 6, characterized in that it has a surface of 1-15 m 2 / g, measured by the BET method, and a pore volume of 20-95%, measured by mercury porosimetry. 8. Farmaceutisk præparat, kendetegnet ved, at det indeholder en dispersion eller en struktur ifølge et hvilket som helst af kravene 1-7.Pharmaceutical composition, characterized in that it contains a dispersion or structure according to any one of claims 1-7. 9. Farmaceutisk præparat ifølge krav 8 til oral administration én gang om dagen, 20 kendetegnet ved, at det indeholder en terapeutisk virksom mængde af 4-(2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl) -1,4-dihydro-5-ethoxycarbonyl- 2.6- dimethyl-3-pyridincarboxylsyre-ethylester som aktivt middel.Pharmaceutical composition according to claim 8 for oral administration once daily, characterized in that it contains a therapeutically effective amount of 4- (2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl) -1,4-dihydro-5 -ethoxycarbonyl-2,6-dimethyl-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid ethyl ester as active agent. 10. Farmaceutisk præparat ifølge krav 8 til oral administration én gang om dagen, 25 kendetegnet ved, at det indeholder en terapeutisk virksom mængde af 4-(2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl)-1,4-dihydro-5-methoxycarbonyl- 2.6- dimethyl-3-pyridincarboxylsyre-isopropylester som aktivt middel.Pharmaceutical composition according to claim 8 for oral administration once daily, characterized in that it contains a therapeutically effective amount of 4- (2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl) -1,4-dihydro-5 -methoxycarbonyl-2,6-dimethyl-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid isopropyl ester as active agent. 11. Farmaceutisk præparat ifølge krav 9, kendetegnet ved, at det ved oral administration er i stand 30 til at danne et plasmaniveau på 2-8 ng aktivt middel/ml i mindst 22 timer i det tilfælde, at det indeholder én dosis på 50 mg 4-(2,1,3- DK 167649 B1 b enz oxadiaz ol-4-yl)-l,4 - dihydro - 5 - ethoxycarb ony 1 -2,6- dimethyl -3-py-ridincarboxylsyre-ethylester som aktivt middel.Pharmaceutical composition according to claim 9, characterized in that, by oral administration, it is capable of producing a plasma level of 2-8 ng of active agent / ml for at least 22 hours in case it contains one dose of 50 mg. 4- (2,1,3- DK 167649 B1 b enz oxadiazol-4-yl) -1,4-dihydro-5-ethoxycarbonyl 1 -2,6-dimethyl-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid ethyl ester as active agent . 12. Farmaceutisk præparat ifølge krav 10, kendetegnet ved, at det ved oral administration er i stand 5 til at danne et plasmaniveau på 1-2,5 ng aktivt middel/ml i mindst 22 timer i det tilfælde, at det indeholder én dosis på 10 mg 4-(2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl) -1,4-dihydro-5-methoxycarbonyl-2,6-dimethyl-3-py-ridincarboxylsyre-isopropylester som aktivt middel.Pharmaceutical composition according to claim 10, characterized in that, by oral administration, it is capable of forming a plasma level of 1-2.5 ng of active agent / ml for at least 22 hours in case it contains one dose of 10 mg of 4- (2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl) -1,4-dihydro-5-methoxycarbonyl-2,6-dimethyl-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid isopropyl ester as active agent.
DK264785A 1984-06-14 1985-06-12 SOLID DISTRIBUTION WITH EXTENDED DELIVERY, SECONDARY STRUCTURE OF THE MEDICINAL PRODUCT AND PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATION CONTAINING THE DISPERSION OR STRUCTURE DK167649B1 (en)

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