DE1128423B - Verfahren zur Herstellung von Schmieroelzusatzstoffen - Google Patents
Verfahren zur Herstellung von SchmieroelzusatzstoffenInfo
- Publication number
- DE1128423B DE1128423B DEE12929A DEE0012929A DE1128423B DE 1128423 B DE1128423 B DE 1128423B DE E12929 A DEE12929 A DE E12929A DE E0012929 A DEE0012929 A DE E0012929A DE 1128423 B DE1128423 B DE 1128423B
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- phosphorus
- lubricating oil
- hydrocarbon
- oil
- aluminum
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 title claims description 33
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 26
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- -1 olefin hydrocarbon Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- CYQAYERJWZKYML-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus pentasulfide Chemical compound S1P(S2)(=S)SP3(=S)SP1(=S)SP2(=S)S3 CYQAYERJWZKYML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 31
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 13
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- VKCLPVFDVVKEKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N S=[P] Chemical compound S=[P] VKCLPVFDVVKEKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 6
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 6
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000019271 petrolatum Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical class [H]C#C* 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000005673 monoalkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical group CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000019809 paraffin wax Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 3
- PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-SNAWJCMRSA-N (E)-1,3-pentadiene Chemical compound C\C=C\C=C PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-SNAWJCMRSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SDJHPPZKZZWAKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dimethylbuta-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC(=C)C(C)=C SDJHPPZKZZWAKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910015900 BF3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005727 Friedel-Crafts reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004264 Petrolatum Substances 0.000 description 2
- PJANXHGTPQOBST-VAWYXSNFSA-N Stilbene Natural products C=1C=CC=CC=1/C=C/C1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-VAWYXSNFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000007514 bases Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron trifluoride Chemical compound FB(F)F WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCN HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004836 hexamethylene group Chemical class [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 2
- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012433 hydrogen halide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000039 hydrogen halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010688 mineral lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229940066842 petrolatum Drugs 0.000 description 2
- YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenanthrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N stilbene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000021286 stilbenes Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- DSEKYWAQQVUQTP-XEWMWGOFSA-N (2r,4r,4as,6as,6as,6br,8ar,12ar,14as,14bs)-2-hydroxy-4,4a,6a,6b,8a,11,11,14a-octamethyl-2,4,5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12,12a,13,14,14b-tetradecahydro-1h-picen-3-one Chemical compound C([C@H]1[C@]2(C)CC[C@@]34C)C(C)(C)CC[C@]1(C)CC[C@]2(C)[C@H]4CC[C@@]1(C)[C@H]3C[C@@H](O)C(=O)[C@@H]1C DSEKYWAQQVUQTP-XEWMWGOFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PRBHEGAFLDMLAL-GQCTYLIASA-N (4e)-hexa-1,4-diene Chemical compound C\C=C\CC=C PRBHEGAFLDMLAL-GQCTYLIASA-N 0.000 description 1
- CRSBERNSMYQZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1 -dodecene Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=C CRSBERNSMYQZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GQEZCXVZFLOKMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexadecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=C GQEZCXVZFLOKMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BKOOMYPCSUNDGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbut-2-ene Chemical group CC=C(C)C BKOOMYPCSUNDGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004342 Benzoyl peroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001676573 Minium Species 0.000 description 1
- AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pentanol Chemical compound CCCCCO AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nonylphenol Natural products CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001350 alkyl halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KMJRBSYFFVNPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminum;dodecanoate Chemical compound [Al+3].CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O KMJRBSYFFVNPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 159000000009 barium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006267 biphenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- YACLQRRMGMJLJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroprene Chemical compound ClC(=C)C=C YACLQRRMGMJLJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011280 coal tar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010730 cutting oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940069096 dodecene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- RMBPEFMHABBEKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=C[CH]C=CC3=CC2=C1 RMBPEFMHABBEKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012208 gear oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000026030 halogenation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005658 halogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YFONKFDEZLYQDH-BOURZNODSA-N indaziflam Chemical compound CC(F)C1=NC(N)=NC(N[C@H]2C3=CC(C)=CC=C3C[C@@H]2C)=N1 YFONKFDEZLYQDH-BOURZNODSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001502 inorganic halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002731 mercury compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-decene Natural products CCCCCCCCC=C AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-biphenylenemethane Natural products C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CCCMONHAUSKTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecene Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=C CCCMONHAUSKTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010690 paraffinic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004525 petroleum distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylbenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N piperylene Natural products CC=CC=C PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010689 synthetic lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010723 turbine oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F5/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic Table
- C07F5/06—Aluminium compounds
- C07F5/069—Aluminium compounds without C-aluminium linkages
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/04—Reaction products of phosphorus sulfur compounds with hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
- C07F9/30—Phosphinic acids [R2P(=O)(OH)]; Thiophosphinic acids ; [R2P(=X1)(X2H) (X1, X2 are each independently O, S or Se)]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M137/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus
- C10M137/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus having no phosphorus-to-carbon bond
- C10M137/04—Phosphate esters
- C10M137/10—Thio derivatives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/04—Elements
- C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/04—Elements
- C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
- C10M2201/042—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black halogenated, i.e. graphite fluoride
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
- C10M2201/062—Oxides; Hydroxides; Carbonates or bicarbonates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Schmierölzusatzstoffen. Diese Zusatzstoffe sind
Umsetzungsprodukte von Aluminiumalkoholaten mit phosphorgeschwefelten Kohlenwasserstoffen.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Herstellung von Schmierölzusatzstoffen besteht darin, daß man
etwa 1 Mol eines Aluminiumalkoholats der allgemeinen Formel
/OR1
AIi-OR2
AIi-OR2
Verfahren zur Herstellung
von Schmierölzusatzstoffen
von Schmierölzusatzstoffen
in der R1, R2 und R3 gleiche oder verschiedene aliphatische
Kohlenwasserstoffreste mit 1 bis 20 Kohlen-Stoffatomen bedeuten, bei etwa 65 bis 232° C im Verlaufe
von etwa 12 Minuten bis 10 Stunden mit 1 bis 2 Mol eines phosphorgeschwefelten Kohlenwasserstoffs
umsetzt und den bei der Reaktion entstehenden Alkohol entfernt.
Nach einem bekannten Verfahren zur Herstellung von Schwefel und Phosphor enthaltenden Schmierölverbesserungsmitteln
wird Stilben mit einem Sulfid des Phosphors, besonders Phosphorpentasulfid, vorteilhaft
in Gegenwart eines Lösungs- oder Verdünnungsmittels, in der Wärme umgesetzt und gegebenenfalls
das erhaltene Umsetzungsprodukt mit einer basisch wirkenden Verbindung eines mehrwertigen Metalls
oder mit einer organischen Base nachbehandelt. Als basische Verbindungen zur Nachbehandlung können
bei diesem Verfahren Hydroxyde oder Alkoholate von Erdalkalimetallen, Aluminium, Zink oder Zinn oder
organische Basen, wie Butylamin, Äthylendiamin, Hexamethylendiamin, Diäthylentriamin oder polymere
Alkylenimine, verwendet werden. Dabei handelt es sich im wesentlichen lediglich um eine Neutralisation
des sauren Umsetzungsproduktes des Stilbens und des Phosphorsulfides.
Die bekannten Zusätze verhindern die Oxydation des Schmieröles und wirken emulgierend auf die im
Schmieröl enthaltenen Schlammteilchen.
Die erfindungsgemäß hergestellten Schmierölzusatzstoffe wirken bei der Schmierung von Verbrennungskraftmaschinen als Reinigungsmittel sowie als Schlammdispergiermittel.
Außerdem weisen diese Umsetzungsprodukte auch eine verminderte Neigung zur Entwicklung
von Schwefelwasserstoff bei der Lagerung und beim Gebrauch auf.
Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Herstellung der Zusatzmittel kommen als Kohlenwasserstoffe für die Umsetzung
mit einem Phosphorsulfid in der ersten Reaktionsstufe Paraffine, Olefine oder Olefinpolymeri-Anmelder:
Esso Research and Engineering Company, Elizabeth, N. J. (V. St. A.)
Vertreter: E. Maemecke, Berlin-Lichterfelde West, und W. Kühl, Hamburg 36, Esplanade 36 a,
Patentanwälte
Beanspruchte Priorität:
V. St. v. Amerika vom 28. September 1955 (Nr. 537 278)
V. St. v. Amerika vom 28. September 1955 (Nr. 537 278)
sate, Diolefine, Acetylene, Aromaten oder Alkylaromaten,
cycloaliphatische Kohlenwasserstoffe, Erdölfraktionen, wie z. B. Schmierölfraktionen, Petrolatum
(vgl. hierzu »Zerbe, Mineralöle und verwandte Produkte«, 1952, S. 1227, Abschnitt 3a),
Wachse, gespaltenes Umlaufgut, Kondensationsprodukte von Erdölfraktionen und Lösungsmittelextrakte
von Erdölfraktionen in Betracht.
Man kann Kohlenwasserstoffe, wie aus Erdöldestillationsrückständen
durch Entasphaltierung gewonnene hochviskose Schmieröle, Destillatschmieröle oder Paraffinwachse verwenden. Für den gleichen
Zweck eignen sich auch die Umsetzungsprodukte, die man erhält, wenn man irgendeinen der obenerwähnten
Kohlenwasserstoffe, gewöhnlich nach vorhergehender Halogenierung, mit aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffen
in Gegenwart wasserfreier anorganischer Halogenide, wie Aluminiumchlorid, Zinkchlorid und Borfluorid,
kondensiert.
Beispiele für erfindungsgemäß verwendbare Monoolefine sind Isobutylen, Decen, Dodecen, Ceten (C16),
Octadecen (C18), Ceroten (C26), Melen (C30), olefinhaltige
Benzinextrakte oder Benzin selbst, Umlaufgut von der Spaltung und Polymerisate desselben, Harzöle
aus Rohöl, Kohlenwasserstoff-Kohleharze, gespaltene Wachse, Halogenwasserstoffabspaltungsprodukte
aus chlorierten Wachsen und bei der Erdöl-
209 577/418
3 .. 4
spaltung erhaltene gemischte hochmolekulare Alkene. extrahiert worden sind. Der aromatische Bestandteil
Bevorzugt werden Olefine mit mindestens 20 C-Atomen kann Naphthalin, Fluoren, Phenanthren, Anthracen
im Molekül, von denen etwa 12 bis 18, vorzugsweise oder Kohleteerrückstände sein,
mindestens 15 C-Atome sich in einer geraden Kette Ein in ähnlicher Weise verwendbares Kohlen wasserbefinden.
Solche Olefine erhält man durch Dehydrie- . 5 Stoffmaterial ist ein. harzähnliches Öl mit einem MoIe-
rung von Paraffinwachsen, durch Halogenwasserstoff- kulargewicht von 1000 bis 2000 oder darüber hinaus,
abspaltung aus langkettigen Alkylhalogeniden, durch welches vorzugsweise aus einem paraffinischen Öl
Kohlenwasserstoffsynthese ,.aus ,CO .und H2 oder durch Entparaffinierung und anschließende Ausfällung
durch Wasserabspaltung aus entsprechenden Aiko- der schweren, in Propan unlöslichen Fraktion mit
holen. ■ · 10 Hüfe eines verflüssigten, normalerweise gasförmigen
Ferner sind geeignete olefinische; Verbindungen Kohlenwasserstoffs, z. B. Propan, gewonnen wird. Es
Monoolefinpolymerisate mit Molekulargewichten von handelt sich hier um ein praktisch wachsfreies und
100 bis 50000, vorzugsweise von etwa 250 bis 100000. asphaltfreies Produkt mit einer Viskosität von etwa
Diese Polymeren erhält man durch Polymerisation 215 bis 860 cSt oder mehr, gemessen bei 98,9° C.
von niedrigmolekularen Monoolefinen, wie Äthylen, 15 Im Rahmen der Erfindung werden als Ausgangs-
Propylen, Butylen, Isobutylen, n- und Isoamylenen stoffe Polymere des Isobutylens und raffinierte, hoch-
oder Hexenen, oder durch Mischpolymerisation dieser viskose Mineralschmieröle bevorzugt. Die erfindungs-
Stoffe. gemäß verwendbaren Polyisobutylene haben MoIe-
Zu den erfindungsgemäß verwendbaren Diolefinen kulargewichte im Bereich von 100 bis 50 000, vorzugsgehören
Butadien, Isopren, 2-Chlorbutadien, Cyclo- 20 weise von 250 bis 10 000. insbesondere von etwa 500
pentadien, 2,3-Dimethylbutadien, Pentadien-1,3, Hexa- bis 2000. Als raffinierte, hochviskose Mineralschmier-
dien-2,4 und Terpene. Auch Acetylen und substitu- öle verwendet man vorzugsweise entasphaltierte, mit
ierte Acetylene lassen sich verwenden. Lösungsmitteln extrahierte oder mit Säure raffinierte,
Eine andere Klasse zur Herstellung der Schmieröl- entparaffinierte und filtrierte Produkte mit Viskosizusatzstoffe
vorteilhaft verwendbarer ungesättigter 25 täten im Bereich von etwa 20 bis 43 cSt, vorzugsweise
Kohlenwasserstoffe sind hochmolekulare Mischpoly- 26,5 bis 36,5 cSt, bei 98,90C.
merisate niedrigmolekularer Monoolefine und Diole- Man erhält das Reaktionsprodukt aus Phosphorfine.
Das Mischpolymerisat wird durch geregelte sulfid und Kohlenwasserstoff leicht, indem man ein
Mischpolymerisation eines niedrigmolekularen Olefins Sulfid des Phosphors, z. B. P2S3, P2S5, P4S3, P4S7 oder
und eines nichtaromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffs der 30 ein anderes Phosphorsulfid, vorzugsweise jedoch P2S5,
allgemeinen Formel CnH2Ii-Z, wobei χ die Zahl 2 oder mit dem Kohlenwasserstoff bei 93 bis 315° C, vorzugsein
Vielfaches von 2 bedeutet, in Gegenwart eines weise bei 150 bis 288 0C, umsetzt, wobei man mit
Friedel-Crafts- oder eines Peroxyd-Katalysators 1 bis 10, vorzugsweise 2 bis 5 Mol Kohlenwasserstoff
hergestellt. Als niedrigmolekulares Olefin dient vor- je Mol Phosphorsulfid arbeitet. Es ist von Vorteil, das
zugsweise ein Isoolefin oder ein tertiäres Olefin, vor- 35 Reaktionsgemisch unter einer nichtoxydierenden Atzugsweise
ein solches mit weniger als 7 C-Atomen im mosphäre, z. B. unter Stickstoff, zu halten. Gewöhnlich
Molekül. Beispiele derartiger Olefine sind Isobutylen, arbeitet man vorteilhaft mit einer zur vollständigen
2-Methylbuten-l, 2-Äthylbuten-l, sek.- und tert.- Umsetzung mit dem Kohlenwasserstoff ausreichenden
Amylen und Hexylene. Beispiele für nichtaromatische Menge Phosphorsulfid, damit keine weitere Reinigung
Kohlenwasserstoffe der obigen Formel sind die im 40 erforderlich ist. Im Falle der Polymerisate von Monovorigen
Absatz erwähnten Diolefine mit konjugierten olefinen beträgt das bevorzugte Mengenverhältnis
Doppelbindungen, ferner Diolefine mit nichtkonju- 1 MoI Phosphorsulfid auf 2 bis 5 Mol des Polymerisats,
gierten Doppelbindungen, wie 1,4-Hexadien, sowie In diesem Falle wird die Umsetzung weitergeführt, bis
Acetylene. Die Mischpolymerisation wird vorzugsweise alles oder praktisch alles Phosphorsulfid reagiert hat.
in Gegenwart von Aluminiumchlorid, Borfluorid oder 45 Die Reaktionsdauer ist nicht von ausschlaggebender
Benzoylperoxyd ausgeführt, und das Mischpoly- Bedeutung; die zur Umsetzung der maximalen Menge
merisat soll vorzugsweise ein Molekulargewicht von Phosphorsulfid erforderliche Zeit ist stark von der
etwa 1000 bis 30 000 besitzen. Temperatur abhängig. Häufig ist eine Reaktionsdauer
Andere verwendbare Kohlenwasserstoffe sind aro- von 2 bis 10 Stunden erforderlich. Gegebenenfalls kann
matische Kohlenwasserstoffe, wie Benzol, Naphthalin, 50 man durch das Reaktionsprodukt dann noch bei etwa
Anthracen, Toluol und Diphenyl, einschließlich aro- 93 bis 315° C Wasserdampf, Alkohol, Ammoniak oder
matischer Kohlenwasserstoffe mit Alkylsubstituenten einAminhindurchleiten, um den Geruch zu verbessern,
und aliphatischer Kohlenwasserstoffe mit Arylsubsti- Die phosphorgeschwefelten Kohlenwasserstoffe ent-
tuenten. halten im allgemeinen mindestens 1, gewöhnlich
Weiterhin kann man zur Umsetzung mit Phosphor- 55 mindestens 2 Gewichtsprozent chemisch gebundenen
sulfiden erfindungsgemäß Kondensationsprodukte halo- Schwefel.
genierter aliphatischer Kohlenwasserstoffe mit einer Erfindungsgemäß werden nun die phosphorgearomatischen
Verbindung verwenden, die man durch schwefelten Kohlenwasserstoffe mit einem Aluminium-Kondensation
in Gegenwart von Aluminiumchlorid alkoholat der allgemeinen Formel oder anderen Friedel-Crafts-Katalysatoren erhält. Als 60 OR
halogenierter aliphatischer Kohlenwasserstoff dient /' x
vorzugsweise ein halogenierter, langkettiger Paraffin- Al-OR2
kohlenwasserstoff mit mehr als 8 C-Atomen, wie halo- X O R
geniertes Paraffinwachs, Petrolatum und Ozokerit-
wachs. Man kann auch hochviskose Paraffinöle ver- 65 umgesetzt, wobei R1, R2 und R3 gleiche oder verschiewenden,
insbesondere schwere Rückstandsöle, die dene aliphatische Kohlenwasserstoffreste, und zwar
zwecks Entfernung von Asphalt mit Chemikalien be- vorzugsweise gesättigte Reste, mit 1 bis 20, vorzugshandelt
oder mit Propan oder anderen Lösungsmitteln weise 2 bis 15, insbesondere 3 bis 8 C-Atomen be-
5 6
deuten. Vorzugsweise sind die Reste R Alkylgruppen. auch mit Mineralölen oder anderen Ölen von geringerer
Ein besonders wertvolles Aluminiumalkoholat ist ein Güte arbeiten kann, läßt sich für die Wahl der Ölgrund-
solches, bei welchem die Reste R Amylreste sind. ' lage keine strenge Regel aufstellen.
Besondere Beispiele erfindungsgemäß verwendbarer Außer für Schmieröle kommen die erfindungsgemäß
Alkoholate sind Aluminiummethylat, Aluminium- 5 hergestellten Zusatzmittel auch als Zusätze für Motor-
äthylat, Aluminiumpropylat, Aluminiumamylat, Alu- treibstoffe, hydraulische Flüssigkeiten, Flüssigkeiten
miniumoctylat, Aluminiumdodecylat, Aluminium- zur Umwandlung des Drehmoments, Schneideöle, Spül-
octadecylat, Aluminiumdipropylmonoamylat. Diese öle, Turbinenöle oder Transformatorenöle, technische
Aluminiumalkoholate werden nach an sich bekannten Öle und allgemein als Mittel zur Reinhaltung und zur
Verfahren hergestellt. Zum Beispiel kann man sie durch io Verhinderung der Schlammablagerung in Meralöl-
direkte Einwirkung von Alkoholen auf metallisches produkten in Betracht. Ferner können sie als Zusätze
Aluminium in Gegenwart von Quecksilber oder zu Getriebeschmierölen und Schmierfetten verwendet
Quecksilberverbindungen gewinnen. Wird die Reaktion werden,
zu heftig, so mäßigt man sie, indem man den Alkohol
zu heftig, so mäßigt man sie, indem man den Alkohol
mit einer leichten Erdölfraktion, wie Petroläther, 15 Beispiel
m^scnt· Herstellung des Reaktionsproduktes
Die Umsetzung zwischen dem Aluminiumalkoholat von Aluminiumamylat mit dem
und dem phosphorgeschwefelten Kohlenwasserstoff Umsetzungsprodukt von P2S5 und Polyisobutylen
wird mit etwa 1 bis 2 Mol des phosphorgeschwefelten
Kohlenwasserstoffs je Mol Aluminiumalkoholat, vor- 20 Ein Reaktionsprodukt von Aluminiumamylat mit
zugsweise mit ungefähr äquimolekularen Mengen dem Umsetzungsprodukt von P2S5 und Polyisobutylen
beider Reaktionsteilnehmer ausgeführt. Die Tempe- wird folgendermaßen hergestellt:
raturen liegen im allgemeinen im Bereich von 65 bis 100 g Polyisobutylen (Molekulargewicht nach Stau-232°C. Bevorzugt werden Reaktionstemperaturen im dinger = 1100) werden mit 10 g P2S5 10 Stunden Bereich von 93 bis 177°C, insbesondere von 135 bis 25 in einem Stickstoffstrom auf 2190C erhitzt. Das Re-163°C. Die Reaktionsdauer beträgt etwa 12 Minuten aktionsgemisch wird auf 1770C gekühlt und mit 110 g bis 10 Stunden, vorzugsweise 2 bis 6 Stunden, wobei eines lösungsmittelextrahierten paraffinischen Mineraleine Reaktionsdauer von 3 bis 5 Stunden besonders öldestillates versetzt. Das Produkt wird filtriert. Es bevorzugt wird. In sehr wirksamer Weise kann die Um- enthält 1,14 Gewichtsprozent Phosphor und 2,35 Gesetzung in einem Lösungsmittel, z. B. einem Mineral- 3° wichtsprozent Schwefel. 100 g der Öllösung des Umschmieröl, stattfinden. Arbeitet man mit einem Lö- Setzungsproduktes von P2 S5 mit Polyisobutylen werden sungsmittel, so soll dieses vorzugsweise in solchen mit 37,4 ecm einer Lösung von Aluminiumamylat in Mengen zugegen sein, daß die Gesamtmasse etwa 25 Leuchtöl (7 g Al2O3/100 ml) gemischt. Das Gemisch bis 75 % an wirksamem Bestandteil (Reaktionsprodukt wird 3 Stunden auf 1490C erhitzt, wobei Stickstoff von Aluminiumalkoholat und phosphorgeschwefeltem 35 durch das Gemisch geleitet wird, um den als Neben-Kohlenwasserstoff) enthält. Gegebenenfalls kann man produkt gebildeten Amylalkohol und das Leuchtöl abden bei der Umsetzung als Nebenprodukt entstehenden zutreiben. Nach dem Filtrieren erhält man ein klares Alkohol aus dem Reaktionsgemisch auf an sich be- Produkt (Produkt A), das die folgende Elementarkannte Weise, z. B. durch Abstreifen mit einem in- analyse ergibt:
raturen liegen im allgemeinen im Bereich von 65 bis 100 g Polyisobutylen (Molekulargewicht nach Stau-232°C. Bevorzugt werden Reaktionstemperaturen im dinger = 1100) werden mit 10 g P2S5 10 Stunden Bereich von 93 bis 177°C, insbesondere von 135 bis 25 in einem Stickstoffstrom auf 2190C erhitzt. Das Re-163°C. Die Reaktionsdauer beträgt etwa 12 Minuten aktionsgemisch wird auf 1770C gekühlt und mit 110 g bis 10 Stunden, vorzugsweise 2 bis 6 Stunden, wobei eines lösungsmittelextrahierten paraffinischen Mineraleine Reaktionsdauer von 3 bis 5 Stunden besonders öldestillates versetzt. Das Produkt wird filtriert. Es bevorzugt wird. In sehr wirksamer Weise kann die Um- enthält 1,14 Gewichtsprozent Phosphor und 2,35 Gesetzung in einem Lösungsmittel, z. B. einem Mineral- 3° wichtsprozent Schwefel. 100 g der Öllösung des Umschmieröl, stattfinden. Arbeitet man mit einem Lö- Setzungsproduktes von P2 S5 mit Polyisobutylen werden sungsmittel, so soll dieses vorzugsweise in solchen mit 37,4 ecm einer Lösung von Aluminiumamylat in Mengen zugegen sein, daß die Gesamtmasse etwa 25 Leuchtöl (7 g Al2O3/100 ml) gemischt. Das Gemisch bis 75 % an wirksamem Bestandteil (Reaktionsprodukt wird 3 Stunden auf 1490C erhitzt, wobei Stickstoff von Aluminiumalkoholat und phosphorgeschwefeltem 35 durch das Gemisch geleitet wird, um den als Neben-Kohlenwasserstoff) enthält. Gegebenenfalls kann man produkt gebildeten Amylalkohol und das Leuchtöl abden bei der Umsetzung als Nebenprodukt entstehenden zutreiben. Nach dem Filtrieren erhält man ein klares Alkohol aus dem Reaktionsgemisch auf an sich be- Produkt (Produkt A), das die folgende Elementarkannte Weise, z. B. durch Abstreifen mit einem in- analyse ergibt:
differenten Gas, vorzugsweise bei höherer Tempe- 4° .
• rc 1.· own jj ι tr ι j .i-n ^- Element Gewichtsprozent
ratur, wie 65 bis 232 C, oder durch Vakuumdestillation
entfernen. Phosphor 0,9
Die erfindungsgemäß hergestellten Schmierölzu- Schwefel 2,1
sätze werden den Schmierölen in Mengen von etwa Sauerstoff 0,9
0,01 bis 20 Gewichtsprozent, vorzugsweise 0,5 bis 45 Aluminium 0,8
10 Gewichtsprozent, insbesondere 1 bis 6 Gewichtsprozent zugesetzt. Die Mengen, mit denen man die
besten Ergebnisse erhält, schwanken etwas in Ab- Bewertung des Produktes
hängigkeit von der Natur des Zusatzstoffes, der Natur nach dem RaUpenschlepperprüfverfahren 1A:
der Schmierölgrundlage und dem besonderen Zweck, 50
den das Schmiermittel im gegebenen Falle erfüllen soll. Es wird ein Schmieröl aus 6 Gewichtsprozent des
Für technische Zwecke ist es vorteilhaft, konzentrierte Produktes A und 94 Gewichtsprozent einer Mineralöllösungen
mit 25 bis 50 Gewichtsprozent des Zusatz- schmierölgrundlage hergestellt. Die Ölgrundlage bemittels
herzustellen, die in dieser Form versandt und steht zu etwa 75% aus einem lösungsmittelextragelagert
werden. Bei der Herstellung eines Kurbel- 55 Werten neutralen Mineralöl und zu 25% aus einem
kastenschmieröles wird das Konzentrat dann einfach lösungsmittelextrahierten hochviskosen Mineralmit
der erforderlichen Menge der Ölgrundlage ge- Schmieröl (beide hergestellt aus einem Midkontinentöl).
mischt. Dieses Öl entspricht der S.A.E.-Norm 30 und besitzt Die erfindungsgemäß hergestellten Produkte können eine Viskosität von etwa 11,6 cSt bei 98,9° C und einen
mineralischen oder synthetischen Schmierölen züge- 60 Viskositätsindex von etwa 102. Das fertige Schmieröl
setzt werden, auch solchen, die außerdem noch andere, wird einer Prüfung in einem Einzylinder-Raupenan
sich bekannte Schmierölzustäze enthalten. schlepper-1 A-Dieselprüfmotor unterworfen. Die Prü-
# Zur Erzielung der besten Ergebnisse soll man als fung dauert 120 Stunden und wird nach der »Raupen-Ölgrundlage
normalerweise dasjenige Öl verwenden, schlepper-1 A-Prüfnorm CRC-L-1-545« mit einem 1%
welches ohne das neue Zusatzmittel bei dem in Betracht 65 Schwefel enthaltenden Treibstoff ausgeführt. Danach
kommenden Verwendungszweck die beste Leistung wird die Maschine untersucht, und die Ablagerungen
ergibt. Da jedoch ein Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen werden bestimmt. Zu Vergleichszwecken wird die Öl-Ölzusätze
darin besteht, daß man bei ihrer Verwendung grundlage nach dem gleichen Prüfverfahren untersucht.
Die Ergebnisse sind die folgenden: Tabelle I
Gesamt
Ringzone
Ringzone (abzüglich der
obersten Kolbennut) ...
obersten Kolbennut) ...
Bewertung*
I Ölgrundlage
Olgrundlage wichtsprozent Produkt A
2,5 3,1
2,9
0,77 0,47
0,19
* Die Bewertung erfolgt nach einem Maßstab, bei welchem der Wert 0 den Zustand vollkommener Reinheit und der Wert
10 den schlechtestmöglichen Zustand bezeichnet.
Man sieht, daß bei Verwendung des Produktes A (Öllösung des Reaktionsproduktes von Aluminiumamylat
mit dem Umsetzungsprodukt von P2S5 und
Polyisobutylen) eine erhebliche Verbesserung des Zustandes der Maschine, verglichen mit der alleinigen
Verwendung der Ölgrundlage, erreicht wird.
Um die technische Überlegenheit eines erfindungsgemäß hergestellten Schmierölzusatzes gegenüber einem
im Handel erhältlichen und als besonders wirksam bekannten Schmierölzusatz nachzuweisen, wird die
gleiche Prüfung durchgeführt, und zwar einmal unter Verwendung eines Schmieröls, bestehend aus einem
ίο Gemisch der oben beschriebenen Ölgrundlage mit
Gewichtsprozent Produkt A, das andere Mal unter Verwendung eines Schmieröls., bestehend aus einem
Gemisch der gleichen Schmierölgrundlage mit 9 Gewichtsprozent eines Schmierölzusatzes, der als Wirkstoff
ein Gemisch aus dem Bariumsalz eines mit Schwefel umgesetzten Nonylphenols und einem stark
alkalischen Calciumsulfonat in einer Konzentration von 35 Gewichtsprozent enthält und nachstehend als
»Produkt B« bezeichnet wird.
ao Die Ergebnisse dieser Prüfung sind die folgenden:
Ölgrundlage
+ 6 Gewichtsprozent
+ 6 Gewichtsprozent
Produkt A
Ölgrundlage + 9 Gewichtsprozent
Produkt B
Metallgehalt des Ölgemisches, Gewichtsprozent
Dauer der Prüfung in Stunden
Ergebnisse:
Ringzone *
Kohlenstoffabscheidung in der obersten Kolbennut, %
* s. Anmerkung unter Tabelle I.
0,16
240
240
0,26
1
1
0,31 240
0,38 6
Da bekanntlich die Wirkstoffkonzentration metallhaltiger Schmierölzusätze in Schmierölen nach dem
Metallgehalt des fertigen Ölgemisches gemessen wird, ergibt sich aus den obigen Werten, daß der erfindungsgemäß
hergestellte Schmierölzusatz bessere Ergebnisse liefert als der bekannte Schmierölzusatz bei nahezu
doppelter Wirkstoffkonzentration.
Claims (4)
1. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Schmierölzusatzstoffen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man
etwa 1 Mol eines Aluminiumalkoholate der allgemeinen Formel
55
OR1
Al^-OR2
OR3
in der R1, R2 und R3 gleiche oder verschiedene aliphatische
Kohlenwasserstoffreste mit I bis 20 Kohlenstoffatomen bedeuten, bei etwa 65 bis
232° C im Verlaufe von etwa 12 Minuten bis 10 Stunden mit 1 bis 2 Mol eines phosphorgeschwefelten
Kohlenwasserstoffs umsetzt und den bei der Reaktion entstehenden Alkohol entfernt.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man als phosphorgeschwefelten
Kohlenwasserstoff das Umsetzungsprodukt eines Olefinkohlenwasserstoffe mit Phosphorpentasulfid
verwendet.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man ein Aluminiumalkoholat
verwendet, dessen Alkylreste je 3 bis 8 Kohlenstoffatome enthalten.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man als phosphorgeschwefelten
Kohlenwasserstoff ein phosphorgeschwefeltes Polyisobutylen von einem Molekulargewicht von 500
bis 2000 verwendet.
In Betracht gezogene Druckschriften: Deutsche Patentschrift Nr. 843 852.
© 209 577/418 4.62
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US537278A US2929828A (en) | 1955-09-28 | 1955-09-28 | Lubricant additives |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE1128423B true DE1128423B (de) | 1962-04-26 |
Family
ID=24141983
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DEE12929A Pending DE1128423B (de) | 1955-09-28 | 1956-09-08 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Schmieroelzusatzstoffen |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2929828A (de) |
DE (1) | DE1128423B (de) |
FR (1) | FR1158893A (de) |
GB (1) | GB793152A (de) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1166191B (de) * | 1960-04-07 | 1964-03-26 | Kalk Chemische Fabrik Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Metallkomplexen der Dialkyldithiophosphine |
DE1137732B (de) * | 1960-04-23 | 1962-10-11 | Kalk Chemische Fabrik Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Metallkomplexen der Dialkyldithiophosphine |
CN113136256A (zh) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-07-20 | 西安航天动力试验技术研究所 | 一种煤基抗磨液压油及其制备方法 |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE843852C (de) * | 1950-08-06 | 1952-07-14 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Schwefel und Phosphor enthaltenden Schmieroelverbesserungsmitteln |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2274302A (en) * | 1940-01-22 | 1942-02-24 | Standard Oil Co | Compounded oil |
US2422585A (en) * | 1944-05-08 | 1947-06-17 | Standard Oil Co | Lubricant |
US2427272A (en) * | 1944-05-18 | 1947-09-09 | Socony Vacuum Oil Co Inc | Mineral oil composition |
US2506570A (en) * | 1945-10-05 | 1950-05-09 | Socony Vacuum Oil Co Inc | Lubricating oil compositions |
NL75832C (de) * | 1949-04-23 | |||
US2688013A (en) * | 1950-11-04 | 1954-08-31 | Continental Oil Co | Light metal thiocyanate derivatives of phosphor-sulfurized aliphatic hydrocarbons |
US2724725A (en) * | 1954-01-26 | 1955-11-22 | Lubrizol Corp | Preparation of phosphinothioic halides from phosphinodithioic acids and hydrogen halides |
-
1955
- 1955-09-28 US US537278A patent/US2929828A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1956
- 1956-08-14 GB GB24812/56A patent/GB793152A/en not_active Expired
- 1956-09-08 DE DEE12929A patent/DE1128423B/de active Pending
- 1956-09-27 FR FR1158893D patent/FR1158893A/fr not_active Expired
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE843852C (de) * | 1950-08-06 | 1952-07-14 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Schwefel und Phosphor enthaltenden Schmieroelverbesserungsmitteln |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB793152A (en) | 1958-04-09 |
US2929828A (en) | 1960-03-22 |
FR1158893A (fr) | 1958-06-20 |
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