CN87104479A - 一种在含有钒的钛合金制成的叶片上涂覆钴-铬-钨防护涂层的方法和一种有涂层的叶片 - Google Patents

一种在含有钒的钛合金制成的叶片上涂覆钴-铬-钨防护涂层的方法和一种有涂层的叶片 Download PDF

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CN87104479A
CN87104479A CN198787104479A CN87104479A CN87104479A CN 87104479 A CN87104479 A CN 87104479A CN 198787104479 A CN198787104479 A CN 198787104479A CN 87104479 A CN87104479 A CN 87104479A CN 87104479 A CN87104479 A CN 87104479A
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vanadium
blade
chromium
cobalt
coating
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安德莱·库隆
乌尔里奇·白仕
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ALSTHOM Ltd Co
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    • C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
    • C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
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    • C23C28/02—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
    • C23C28/021—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material including at least one metal alloy layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
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Abstract

一种在用含有钒的钛合金制成的叶片(1)上涂覆保护涂层的方法。粉末状钒被置于叶片(1)的所涂部分，然后将该粉末的温度升到略高于钒的熔点。再将粉末状的钴—铬—钨合金放置在钒层上，将被粉末温度升高到它的熔点但低于钒的熔点，用含有钒的钛合金制成的叶片，其特征是该叶片圆周处有钴—铬—钨合金涂层(5)，该涂层厚度至少为1毫米，并覆盖住一层其厚度为0.5至1.5毫米的钒衬层(6)，所得到的叶片对水滴有很强的附腐蚀能力。

Description

本发明涉及一种在含有钒的钛合金制成的叶片上涂覆防护层的方法和一种有涂层的叶片。
钛合金叶片的优点是有高的强度/密度比值，且在高腐蚀性介质中，它具有良好的机械性能。
然而，用于汽轮机中的钛合金叶片，特别是当其圆周速度较高时，会因蒸汽水滴而快速损坏。
因此，对这种叶片圆周保护是必要的。
本发明提供了一种用含有钒的钛合金制成的叶片，在该叶片的圆周有一其厚度至少为1毫米用钴-铬-钨合金构成的涂层，该涂层覆盖住厚度为0.5毫米至1.5毫米范围的钒衬层。
这种涂层是将钒粉置于被涂覆的叶片部分，对钒粉加热到略高于其熔点的温度，然而，将粉末状的钴-铬-钨合金置于钒衬层，对该合金粉末加热到高于其熔点但低于钒熔点的温度。
通过上述方法，在第一阶段，少量的钒被稀释在钛合金叶片中;在第二阶段，钴-铬-钨合金类似地仅限在钒衬层中稀释。此外，该合金层的熔化不会影响钒衬层与叶片之间结合。
为了尽可能地限制这种稀释，最好是利用由可移动式感应器产生的感应热。
本发明的工序通过实例结合下列附图予以说明。
图1为本发明所述叶片的透视图。
图2为图1所示叶片的横剖面图。
图3为图2所示剖面的局部视图。
图1所示的汽轮机叶片包括根1和带有进气边3和排气边4的扭曲叶身2。防护涂层5被涂覆在叶片的进气边3和凸面的顶部。涂层的宽度超过叶片2宽度的三分之一。钒衬层6（见图2）位于叶片和它的涂层之间。
叶片是用含有6%铝和3.5%至4.5%钒的钛合金制成。
防护涂层成形方法如下：
被涂覆的叶片表面按常规方法预处理好，将小颗粒的并与粘结剂混合的纯钒粉末（＞90%）置于该表面上，所需的用量足以确保钒衬层6的最终厚度大于1毫米，将叶片放入一个有可移动式感应器的高频感应烘箱中，烘箱为真空烘箱或隋性气体烘箱，烘箱周围被预热，直径为30毫米的光点装置对钒层加热，光点停留20～75秒后以间距为20毫米移动。
局部温度可升高到1950℃至20000℃，钒的熔点为1900℃，而钛合金的熔点约为2400℃，当钛合金衬底被软化时钒被熔化，因此，就为具有低稀释的钒与衬底有最大的结合提供了理想的条件。含有4%钒的钛合金通过提高局部β结构的稀释可以允许一定限量的钒。稀释有钒的合金层7的厚度是非常小的（＜1/10毫米）。
在扫过整个钒的面积之后，烘箱的温度允许下降到周围环境温度。
与粘合剂混合在一起的粉末状钴-铬-钨合金接着置于钒衬层上面。该粉末从钒衬层边缘起3至4毫米，以保证钴-铬-钨合金与钛合金不直接接触。
第二次循环的开始条件是，烘箱中为隋性气体或真空，被光点加热的合金层的温度比钴-铬-钨合金的熔点（1200℃-1500℃）高50℃，因为该温度比钒的熔点低得多，只有很少的钴-铬-钨合金在钒中被稀释（见图3）。钒与衬底的结合保持不变，含有稀释钴-铬-钨合金的层8很薄（＜1/10毫米）。
被涂覆的合金层大约为1.5毫米厚。
烘箱的温度恢复到环境温度后，通常消除应力处理大约在700℃完成。

Claims (3)

1、一种在用含有钒的钛合金制成的叶片(1)上涂覆防护层的方法，其特征是将粉末状钒放置在叶片(1)需要涂覆部分，然后加热使该粉末的温度略高于钒的熔点，再将粉末状钴-铬-钨合金放置在钒层上，然后使粉末的温度高于它的熔点但低于钒的熔点温度。
2、根据权利要求1所述的方法。其特征是钒和钴-铬-钨合金的温度是通过一可移动式感应器所产生的感应热而升高的。
3、一种用含有钒的钛合金制成的叶片，其特征是该叶片在它的圆周u涂覆有钴-铬-钨合金的涂层（5），其厚度至少为1毫米，涂层5覆盖住一层厚度为0.5至1.5毫米的钒衬层（6）。
CN198787104479A 1986-05-28 1987-05-28 一种在含有钒的钛合金制成的叶片上涂覆钴-铬-钨防护涂层的方法和一种有涂层的叶片 Pending CN87104479A (zh)

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FR8607662 1986-05-28
FR8607662A FR2599384B1 (fr) 1986-05-28 1986-05-28 Procede de pose d'un revetement protecteur cobalt-chrome-tungstene sur une aube en alliage de titane comportant du vanadium et aube ainsi revetue

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CS (1) CS389187A2 (zh)
DE (1) DE3767769D1 (zh)
ES (1) ES2020224B3 (zh)
FR (1) FR2599384B1 (zh)
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CN100419219C (zh) * 2006-12-22 2008-09-17 西安陕鼓动力股份有限公司 一种透平机械转子叶片的表面复合涂层及其制备方法

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FR2599384A1 (fr) 1987-12-04
EP0247582A1 (fr) 1987-12-02
GR3001774T3 (en) 1992-11-23
ZA873836B (en) 1987-11-24
JPS62294185A (ja) 1987-12-21
CS389187A2 (en) 1991-02-12
EP0247582B1 (fr) 1991-01-30
FR2599384B1 (fr) 1988-08-05
DE3767769D1 (de) 1991-03-07
ATE60630T1 (de) 1991-02-15
US4839237A (en) 1989-06-13
ES2020224B3 (es) 1991-08-01

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