CN219708979U - Elevator brake - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an elevator brake comprising: a stationary plate connected to a casing of the traction machine and provided with a base plate provided with an electromagnetic coil and a spring inside one side close to the casing of the traction machine and a first side plane on the outer side in the radial direction with respect to the traction sheave, and an ear-shaped side plate provided with a second side plane connected to the first side plane of the base plate and a side arc surface; a moving plate slidably installed between the stationary plate and a casing of the traction machine; and a brake piece which is arranged on the rotating shaft of the traction sheave and is positioned between the movable plate and the shell of the traction machine, wherein a first friction plate is arranged on one side of the brake piece, which faces the movable plate. The elevator brake has compact structure and small installation volume, and has more advantages in installation environments such as small machine room, no machine room and the like. Meanwhile, the elevator brake disclosed by the utility model has the advantages of more stable electromagnetic performance and better braking performance.

Description

Elevator brake

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of elevators, in particular to an elevator brake.

Background

With the rapid advancement of urbanization, high-rise buildings are becoming a sign of cities, and the demand for elevators is also growing rapidly. Elevator brakes are the necessary safety devices for the operation of an elevator, which function to brake the elevator car when the elevator is de-energized and to release the brake when the elevator is energized, so that passengers can safely pass between floors.

Generally, elevator brakes can be classified into a wheel brake type brake and a shaft brake type brake according to the position of a braking force applied to a traction sheave of a traction machine. The wheel brake is to control the braking arms on both sides of the traction wheel of the traction machine by electromagnetic force to hold the traction wheel to a large extent so as to brake the elevator car. However, such a brake has the disadvantage of not being compact in structure and large in installation volume, resulting in difficulty in application in a small machine room or a machine room-less installation environment.

The shaft brake type elevator brake mainly uses a reset spring arranged on an electric drive plate to enable an armature to press against a brake piece to brake the elevator, and uses an electromagnetic coil arranged in the electric drive plate to enable the armature to be far away from the brake piece to release the brake of the elevator. Compared with the wheel brake type brake, the shaft brake type brake is more compact in structure, smaller in installation volume and more suitable for the installation environment of a small machine room or a machine room-free machine room.

However, the conventional shaft brake type brake has the following problems: because the installation groove of the electromagnetic coil arranged in the electric drive plate, the spring on one side of the electric drive plate, the bolts penetrating through the electric drive plate and other fasteners and/or the electric drive plate are unevenly arranged in the circumferential direction of the traction sheave, the electromagnetic performance of the electric drive plate is unstable when the elevator is electrified, the electromagnetic force born by the armature is unbalanced and additional moment is generated, and the braking performance of the brake is affected.

The information disclosed in the background section of the utility model is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the utility model and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide an elevator brake which is compact in structure, small in installation volume and more stable in electromagnetic performance.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, there is provided an elevator brake for a traction machine of an elevator, the traction machine including a housing and a traction sheave having a rotation shaft, the elevator brake including: a stationary plate connected to a casing of the traction machine and provided with a base plate provided with an electromagnetic coil and a spring inside one side close to the casing of the traction machine and a first side plane on the outer side in the radial direction with respect to the traction sheave, and an ear-shaped side plate provided with a second side plane connected to the first side plane of the base plate and a side arc surface; a moving plate slidably installed between the stationary plate and a casing of the traction machine; and a brake piece which is arranged on the rotating shaft of the traction sheave and is positioned between the movable plate and the shell of the traction machine, wherein a first friction plate is arranged on one side of the brake piece, which faces the movable plate.

Preferably, the stationary plates are provided in at least two and are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the traction sheave, and the movable plates are provided in at least two and are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the traction sheave corresponding to the stationary plates.

Preferably, the base plate is a polygonal plate which is not rectangular and the first side plane is provided with two chamfer surfaces, the second side plane of the ear-shaped side plate being connected between the two chamfer surfaces of the first side plane.

Preferably, at least one guide post is arranged between the static plate and the shell of the traction machine, and the static plate and the guide post are sequentially connected to the shell of the traction machine through bolts.

Preferably, the moving plate is provided with a connection hole corresponding to the guide post and slidably mounted to the guide post through the connection hole.

Preferably, the elevator brake further comprises at least one collar provided in the connection hole of the moving plate such that the guide post passes through the collar when the moving plate is slidably mounted to the guide post through the connection hole.

Preferably, a side of the braking member facing the casing of the traction machine is provided with a second friction plate.

Preferably, the material of the guide post is metal or plastic.

Preferably, the material of the collar is metal or rubber.

The utility model provides an elevator brake which is compact in structure, small in installation volume and more advantageous in installation environments such as small machine rooms and no machine room.

Meanwhile, the elevator brake of the utility model adopts the unique structure and arrangement mode of the static plate and the movable plate, so that the electromagnetic performance of the brake is more stable, and the braking performance of the brake is further better.

The device of the present utility model has other features and advantages which will be apparent from or are set forth in detail in the accompanying drawings and the following embodiments, which are incorporated herein, and which together serve to explain the particular principles of the utility model.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of an elevator brake according to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing a section taken along the line A-A in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of a set of stationary and moving plates of an elevator brake according to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the mounting of an elevator brake to a housing of a traction machine according to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model.

Reference numerals illustrate:

10: static plate 11: substrate board

11A: first side plane 11B: chamfer surface

12: ear-shaped sideboard 12A: second side plane

12B: side arcuate surfaces 13: electromagnetic coil

14: spring

20: moving plate 21: metal collar

22: rubber sleeve ring

30: braking member 31: first friction plate

32: second friction plate

40: bolt

50: guide post

60: shell body

70: and (3) rotating the shaft.

It should be understood that the drawings are not necessarily to scale, presenting a simplified representation of various features illustrative of the basic principles of the utility model. The particular design features disclosed herein (including, for example, particular dimensions, orientations, locations, and shapes) will be determined in part by the particular application and environment in which they are to be used.

In the drawings, like numerals refer to the same or equivalent parts of the utility model throughout the several views of the drawings.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to various embodiments of the utility model, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings and described below. While the utility model will be described in conjunction with the exemplary embodiments, it will be understood that the present description is not intended to limit the utility model to these exemplary embodiments. On the contrary, the utility model is intended to cover not only these exemplary embodiments, but also various alternatives, modifications, equivalents and other embodiments, which may be included within the spirit and scope of the utility model as defined by the appended claims.

The structure of the elevator brake of the present utility model will be described with reference to fig. 1 to 4.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of an elevator brake according to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model; FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1; fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a set of stationary and moving plates of an elevator brake according to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model; fig. 4 is a schematic view of an elevator brake mounted to a housing of a traction machine according to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model.

It should be noted at first that the elevator brake of the present utility model is applied to the hoisting machine of an elevator. The traction machine of the elevator has a housing 60 (shown in fig. 4) and a traction sheave provided with a rotating shaft 70 (shown in fig. 2).

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the elevator brake of the present utility model includes: a stationary plate 10, a movable plate 20 and a brake 30. The stationary plate 10 is connected to the casing 60 of the traction machine and is provided with a base plate 11 and an ear-shaped side plate 12, the base plate 11 being provided with an electromagnetic coil 13 and a spring 14 inside the side close to the casing 60 of the traction machine and with a first side plane 11A on the outer side in the radial direction with respect to the traction sheave. The ear-shaped side plate 12 is provided with a second side plane 12A and a side arc surface 12B, the second side plane 12A being connected to the first side plane 11A of the base plate 11.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 3, the base plate 11 is provided as a polygonal plate having a non-rectangular shape and the first side plane 11A of the base plate 11 is provided with two chamfer surfaces 11B. That is, the base plate 11 has a rectangular shape with two cut corners, and the two cut corners are located at the outer side away from the traction sheave. The second side plane 12A of the ear-shaped side plate 12 is connected to two chamfer surfaces 11B of the first side plane 11A. The second side surface 12A of the ear-shaped side plate 12 may be integrally connected to the first side surface 11A, or may be fixedly connected to the first side surface 11A of the base plate 11 by welding. Specifically, in the exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 3, the ear-shaped side plate 12 fixedly connects the second side plane 12A to the first side plane 11A of the base plate 11 by two bolts.

In the exemplary embodiment of the utility model, through the structural design of the base plate 11 and the lug-shaped side plate 12, the extension range of the static plate 10 is larger, the electromagnetic performance of the static plate is more uniform and stable, the situation that the electromagnetic performance of the static plate 10 is unstable due to the installation groove of the electromagnetic coil, the spring 14, the bolts penetrating through the static plate 10 and other elements is effectively avoided, and the braking performance of the brake is further improved.

The moving plate 20 is located at a side of the stationary plate 10 where the springs 14 are provided and slidably installed between the stationary plate 10 and the casing 60 of the traction machine. The brake 30 is provided between the moving plate 20 and the casing 60 of the hoisting machine on the rotating shaft 70 of the traction sheave, and the first friction plate 31 is provided on the side of the brake 30 facing the moving plate 20.

When the electromagnetic coil 13 is energized, the static plate 10 is magnetized by the electromagnetic coil 13, the moving plate 20 slides towards the static plate 10 against the elastic force of the spring 14 under the electromagnetic force generated by the magnetization of the static plate 10, so that the moving plate 20 is separated from contact with the first friction plate 31 of the braking member 30, and at this time, the braking member 30 is no longer under the action of the pressure of the moving plate 20, so that the first friction plate 31 of the braking member 30 cannot generate braking torque, and the traction sheave can rotate and the elevator operates normally. When the electromagnetic coil 13 is de-energized, the electromagnetic force in the static plate 10 rapidly disappears, and the moving plate 20 slides in the direction of the braking member 30 under the elastic force of the spring 14, so that the moving plate 20 presses against the first friction plate 31 of the braking member 30 and further presses the braking member 30 against the casing 60 of the traction machine. The first friction plate 31 of the brake 30 generates a braking moment under the pressing of the moving plate 20 due to the elastic force of the spring, so that the brake 30 holds the rotating shaft 70 of the traction sheave tightly, and the elevator stops running.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 2 and 4, a side of the brake 30 facing the housing 60 of the traction machine may be provided with a second friction plate 32. By arranging the second friction plates 32, the movable plate 20 can further press the second friction plates 32 of the braking member 30, which are positioned on one side of the casing 60 of the traction machine, against the casing 60 of the traction machine when pressing against the first friction plates 31 of the braking member 30, which are positioned on one side of the movable plate 20, so that the first friction plates 31 and the second friction plates 32 can simultaneously provide friction torque for the braking member 30, and the braking effect of the elevator brake is better.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, the stationary plates 10 are provided in at least two and uniformly arranged along the traction sheave circumferential direction, and the movable plates 20 are provided in at least two and uniformly arranged along the traction sheave circumferential direction corresponding to the stationary plates 10.

Specifically, in the exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 1, the stationary plates 10 are provided in two and are provided at both sides of the traction sheave, respectively, and the movable plates 20 are provided in two and are provided at both sides of the traction sheave, respectively, corresponding to the stationary plates 10. The shape and size of the movable plate 20 are substantially the same as those of the stationary plate 10. Further, in the exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, each of the stationary plate 10 and the movable plate 20 is provided with a escape groove of the rotary encoder of the traction machine at a side near the central axis of the rotating shaft 70 of the traction sheave, so that a part of space is reserved in the elevator brake to install the rotary encoder of the traction machine, thereby making the structure of the traction machine more compact.

Further, the elevator brake of the present utility model can be provided with more static plates 10 according to different situations, and accordingly, the moving plates 20 need to be adjusted according to the number of the static plates 10, for example, can be different numbers in 2-6. By arranging at least two stationary plates 10 and at least two corresponding movable plates 20 uniformly in the circumferential direction of the traction sheave, a greater braking moment can be provided to the brake member 30, thereby effectively improving the braking performance of the elevator brake.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, at least one guide post 50 is provided between the stationary plate 10 and the casing 60 of the traction machine, and the stationary plate 10 and the guide post 50 are sequentially connected to the casing 60 of the traction machine by bolts 40.

Specifically, in the exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 4, the stationary plate 10 and the guide post 50 are each provided with a mounting hole corresponding to the bolt 40, and the bolts 40 are sequentially inserted into the mounting holes of the stationary plate 10 and the guide post 50 corresponding to the bolts 40 to fixedly connect the stationary plate 10 and the guide post 50 to the casing 60 of the traction machine.

Further, each static plate 10 of the elevator brake of the present utility model is provided with four guide posts 50, respectively, two of the four guide posts 50 being provided near the upper portion of the static plate 10, and the other two of the four guide posts 50 being provided near the lower portion of the static plate 10. The stationary plate 10 and each of the four guide posts 50 are in turn connected to the casing 60 of the traction machine by one bolt 40. It should be clear that the number of guide posts 50 may be adapted to different situations, for example any of 1-6 (the number of guide posts 50 per static plate 10). Meanwhile, in order to secure the stability of the connection of the stationary plate 10 and the guide post 50 to the casing 60 of the traction machine, the number of bolts 40 should be not less than the number of guide posts.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, the moving plate 20 is provided with a connection hole corresponding to the guide post 50 and slidably mounted to the guide post 50 through the connection hole. Specifically, the positions, the numbers and the sizes of the connection holes on the movable plate 20 correspond to the guide posts 50, and the movable plate 20 can slide between the stationary plate 10 and the casing 60 of the traction machine along the length direction of the guide posts 50 under the guide action of the guide posts 50, so that the movable plate 20 can be pressed against or separated from the contact stopper 30 under the electromagnetic force of the stationary plate 10 and the elastic force of the spring 14.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 4, the elevator brake further comprises at least one collar. The collar is disposed in the connection hole of the moving plate 20, and allows the guide post 50 to pass through the collar when the moving plate 20 is slidably mounted to the guide post 50 through the connection hole. During operation of the elevator brake, the moving plate 20 needs to slide back and forth between the stationary plate 10 and the casing 60 of the traction machine along the length direction of the guide post 50, which not only wears the outer wall of the guide post 50 and the inner wall of the coupling hole of the moving plate 20 so that the service lives of the moving plate 20 and the guide post 50 are shortened, but also causes an increase in the operational noise of the elevator brake. Therefore, at least one collar is arranged in the connecting hole of the movable plate 20, so that the collar can directly act on the guide post 50 in the sliding process of the movable plate 20, thereby prolonging the service lives of the movable plate 20 and the guide post 50 and reducing the working noise of the elevator brake. Further, the material of the collar and guide post 50 may also be selected according to different circumstances. Among the more commonly used materials, metal materials have better wear resistance, plastic materials and rubber materials have better sound damping performance, and plastic materials are easier to have higher hardness than rubber materials. Thus, as a preferred option, the material of the guide post 50 may be metal or plastic and the material of the collar may be metal or rubber, wherein the collar material has a hardness and wear resistance less than the guide post 50 and the collar may be replaced when worn.

Specifically, in the exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 4, one metal collar 21 and one rubber collar 22 are simultaneously provided in the connection hole of the movable plate 20 corresponding to each guide post 50, for extending the service lives of the movable plate 20 and the guide posts 50 and reducing the operation noise of the elevator brake. Meanwhile, it should be clear that the number of the metal collars 21 and the rubber collars 22 may also be adjusted according to different situations, for example, any number of 2 to 8 (the number of the metal collars 21 or the rubber collars 22 in the connection hole of each movable plate 20 corresponding to one guide post 50).

The operation of the elevator brake according to the utility model will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

When the elevator is in a stationary state no current passes in the electromagnetic coil 13 of the elevator brake, and there is no attractive force between the stationary plate 10 and the moving plate 20. The spring 14 presses the moving plate 20 against the first friction plate 31 of the brake 30 and further presses the second friction plate 32 of the brake 30 against the casing 60 of the traction machine, with a gap between the stationary plate 10 and the moving plate 20. The first friction plate 31 and the second friction plate 32 of the brake 30 generate braking moment under the pressing of the movable plate 20 due to the elastic force of the spring, so that the brake 30 tightly holds the rotating shaft 70 of the traction sheave so as to prevent the traction sheave from rotating, thereby ensuring that the elevator is in a stationary state and stable.

When the elevator is running, the traction machine that pulls the elevator is energized, while current is passing through the electromagnetic coil 13 of the elevator brake, and the static plate 10 is magnetized by the electromagnetic coil 13. The movable plate 20 slides towards the static plate 10 against the elastic force of the spring 14 under the action of electromagnetic force generated by magnetization of the static plate 10 to press against the static plate 10, so that the movable plate 20 is out of contact with the brake 30. At this time, the braking member 30 is no longer under the pressure of the moving plate 20, and thus the first friction plate 31 and the second friction plate 32 of the braking member 30 cannot generate braking moment, so that the traction sheave is rotated and the elevator is operated normally.

When the car of the elevator reaches the floor where stopping is required, the traction machine of the traction elevator is powered off, no current passes through the electromagnetic coil 13 of the elevator brake, the electromagnetic force in the static plate 10 rapidly disappears, and the moving plate 20 slides towards the braking member 30 under the action of the elastic force of the spring 14, so that the moving plate 20 presses against the first friction plate 31 of the braking member 30 and further presses the second friction plate 32 of the braking member 30 against the casing 60 of the traction machine, the braking member 30 holds the rotating shaft 70 of the traction machine again, and the traction wheel stops rotating, thereby stopping the elevator.

For convenience in explanation and accurate definition in the appended claims, the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "inner" and "outer" are used to describe features of the exemplary embodiments with reference to the positions of such features as displayed in the figures.

The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the utility model has been presented for the purposes of illustration and description. The foregoing description is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the utility model to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the specific principles of the utility model and its practical application to thereby enable others skilled in the art to make and utilize the utility model in various exemplary embodiments and with various alternatives and modifications. The scope of the utility model is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (9)

1. An elevator brake for a traction machine of an elevator, the traction machine including a housing and a traction sheave having a rotation shaft, comprising:

a stationary plate connected to a casing of the traction machine and provided with a base plate provided with an electromagnetic coil and a spring inside one side close to the casing of the traction machine and a first side plane on the outer side in the radial direction with respect to the traction sheave, and an ear-shaped side plate provided with a second side plane connected to the first side plane of the base plate and a side arc surface;

a moving plate slidably installed between the stationary plate and a casing of the traction machine; and

and the braking piece is arranged on the rotating shaft of the traction sheave and positioned between the movable plate and the shell of the traction machine, and a first friction plate is arranged on one side of the braking piece, which faces the movable plate.

2. The elevator brake according to claim 1, wherein the stationary plates are provided in at least two and are uniformly arranged along the traction sheave circumferential direction, and the moving plates are provided in at least two and are uniformly arranged along the traction sheave circumferential direction corresponding to the stationary plates.

3. Elevator brake according to claim 1, characterized in that the base plate is a polygonal plate of non-rectangular shape and the first side plane is provided with two chamfer surfaces, the second side plane of the ear-shaped side plate being connected between the two chamfer surfaces of the first side plane.

4. Elevator brake according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one guide post is provided between the stationary plate and the housing of the hoisting machine, which stationary plate and guide post are in turn connected to the housing of the hoisting machine by means of bolts.

5. Elevator brake according to claim 4, characterized in that the moving plate is provided with a connecting hole corresponding to the guide post and is slidably mounted to the guide post through the connecting hole.

6. The elevator brake of claim 5, further comprising at least one collar disposed within the connection aperture of the moving plate such that the guide post passes through the collar when the moving plate is slidably mounted to the guide post through the connection aperture.

7. The elevator brake according to claim 1, characterized in that the side of the braking member facing the housing of the hoisting machine is provided with a second friction plate.

8. Elevator brake according to claim 4, characterized in that the material of the guide post is metal or plastic.

9. The elevator brake of claim 6, wherein the material of the collar is metal or rubber.