CN207484432U - Compound fish pass system on Narrow Valleys landform dam - Google Patents
Compound fish pass system on Narrow Valleys landform dam Download PDFInfo
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- CN207484432U CN207484432U CN201721567736.2U CN201721567736U CN207484432U CN 207484432 U CN207484432 U CN 207484432U CN 201721567736 U CN201721567736 U CN 201721567736U CN 207484432 U CN207484432 U CN 207484432U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses the compound fish pass systems on a kind of Narrow Valleys landform dam, belong to hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering annex design-build technical field.It provides a kind of compact-sized, it occupies little space, the compound fish pass system of water channel can be opened at any time according to variation of water level, the compound fish pass system includes disconnecting device, migration transition passage, the high concrete dam for being provided on the dam body of upstream side multiple fishway exits and quantity and the comparable a plurality of mistake water culvert of fishway exit quantity；Each fishway exit vertically arranged for interval on high concrete dam；It is connect respectively with each fishway exit across the water culvert of crossing after high concrete dam, the downstream side ports for crossing water culvert connect respectively with corresponding site of the longitudinal center line perpendicular to the migration transition passage of water (flow) direction；Water culvert of crossing more than 1.5 meters of depths below the water surface of upstream side is blocked by disconnecting device, and the compound fish channel structure is connected by migration transition passage with the water body in downstream side.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to a kind of compound fish pass system, more particularly, to answering on a kind of Narrow Valleys landform dam
Fish pass system is closed, belongs to hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering annex design-build technical field.
Background technology
Fish pass is the channel for fish migration.It is described with popular language, certain fish, which have from lower reaches of river, to be migrated to river
The habit of upstream oviposition is flowed, after river has blocked river since artificial origin has such as built checkdam, fish are upstream whirled
The channel of trip will be destroyed.In order to protect the habit of fish, need to pass through dam and build artifical flume as fish migration
Channel, i.e. referred to as fish pass.Flow enters fish pass from upstream, flows out fish pass from downstream, but fish are from downstream into fish pass, from upper
Fish pass is swum out of, thus fish pass upstream intake is referred to as fishway exit, and fish pass downstream water outlet is fish pass import.
In order to realize that fish pass crosses the purpose of fish, fish pass usually requires to meet claimed below：First, depth of water requirement, fish pass domestic demand
Keep 1.0~1.5m depth of waters；2nd, slope requirement, in order to enable fish along flow upstream migration, flow rate of water flow in fish pass
It is less than the speed of fish migration, this requires fish pass needs to keep a gradient that is relatively slow and stablizing；3rd, when upstream water level becomes
During change, fishway exit needs the measure that can adapt to SEA LEVEL VARIATION, it is ensured that keep 1.0 under various water levels, in fish pass for a long time~
1.5m the depth of water.
In order to meet above-mentioned requirements, at present frequently with following two fishway exit arrangements in engineering：
Existing program one
Fishway exit is arranged in checkdam upstream by the program, and sets multiple fishes simultaneously along elevation in eulittoral zone
Road exports, and each outlet is controlled using 1 bulkhgead gate.The characteristics of structure, is：1st, fishway exit is arranged
In checkdam upstream；2nd, in upstream water level luffing area, fish pass is along the multiple outlets of elevation arrangement, and each fishway exit is on elevation
It is mutually linked；3rd, each fishway exit arranges the lower stream that sluices of 1 plate steel gate control.The major advantage of the structure is：
In upstream water level luffing area, each elevation section is arranged with fishway exit, when upstream water level is located at a certain elevation, only needs to open
The gate of corresponding elevation fishway exit, and close the gate of other fishway exits, you can meet 1.0~1.5m depth of waters in fish pass
It is required that.The major defect of the structure is：1st, fishway exit is arranged in upstream, longer to length along river, corresponding excavated volume
Or concrete works amount is larger, fish pass construction investment is larger；2nd, fishway exit quantity is more, and needs the feelings according to upstream water level
Condition carries out each gate opening and closing in time, when upstream water level amplitude of fluctuation is larger, changes more frequent, fishway exit gate
Operation control is also relatively complicated.
Existing program two
Fishway exit is combined arrangement with checkdam by the program, and is set gradually along the water blocking axis of dam in eulittoral zone more
A fishway exit controls each fishway exit using 1 bulkhgead gate.The advantages of structure, is：1st, by fishway exit with
Checkdam combines arrangement, and each fishway exit horizontal direction upper edge water blocking axis of dam arranges successively, and elevation is mutually linked on direction, phase
Adjacent fishway exit is connected by the linking channel in downstream, and lowest elevation fishway exit is connected by being connected channel with fish pass import；
2nd, for single fishway exit, upper middle part is provided with 1 plate work gate opening/closing, downstream setting linking channel and next stage fish
Road outlet connects.The major defect of the structure is：1st, the requirement for adaptation range of stage, upstream need to set along the axis of dam more
A fishway exit, it is impossible to suitable for the checkdam of Narrow Valleys；2nd, since each fishway exit is both needed to 1 plate work lock of setting
Door, and need, according to the situation of upstream water level, to carry out each gate opening and closing in time, when upstream water level amplitude of fluctuation is larger,
When changing more frequent, the operation control of fishway exit gate is also relatively complicated.
Utility model content
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is：It is compact-sized to provide one kind, occupies little space, it can be according to upstream
SEA LEVEL VARIATION opens the compound fish pass system on the Narrow Valleys landform dam of water channel at any time.
Used technical solution is to solve above-mentioned technical problem：A kind of compound fish on Narrow Valleys landform dam
Road system, including high concrete dam and the multiple fishway exits being arranged on the high concrete dam upstream side dam body, described answers
Conjunction fish pass system further includes disconnecting device, migration transition passage and quantity and contains with the comparable a plurality of water of crossing of the fishway exit quantity
Hole；Each fishway exit vertically arranged for interval on the high concrete dam；Institute is passed through along water (flow) direction
It states the water culvert of crossing described in each item after high concrete dam to connect with each fishway exit correspondingly respectively, each item
The downstream side ports for crossing water culvert are respectively with longitudinal center line perpendicular to the phase of the migration transition passage of water (flow) direction
Position is answered to connect；It is cut respectively by described more than the water culvert of crossing described in each item of 1.5 meters of depths below the water surface of upstream side
Disconnected device removably blocks, and the compound fish channel structure is connected by the migration transition passage and the water body in downstream side
It is logical.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are：The application by set it is a set of including disconnecting device, migration transition passage and
The comparable a plurality of compound fish pass system for crossing water culvert of quantity and the fishway exit quantity, and by each fishway exit
The vertically arranged for interval on the high concrete dam, after then passing through the high concrete dam along water (flow) direction again
Each item described in the water culvert crossed connect correspondingly with each fishway exit respectively, and make to cross water culvert described in each item
The downstream side ports in hole connect respectively with corresponding site of the longitudinal center line perpendicular to the migration transition passage of water (flow) direction；
In use, it is filled respectively by the cut-out more than the water culvert of crossing described in each item of 1.5 meters of depths below the water surface of upstream side
Dismountable closure is put, and the entire compound fish channel structure is connected by the migration transition passage and the water body in downstream side
It is logical.The application makes full use of the river in Narrow Valleys landform, and dam body is generally all higher, and protective slope structure after checkdam is built up
It is all especially precipitous, so as to the variation for making the depth of water along river width direction it is especially quick the characteristics of, so as to also solve existing fish
The technical issues of road outlet needs the arrangement gradually reduced along river width direction to the korneforos heart, realizes each fish pass
Outlet vertically carries out arranged for interval, and then can greatly reduce concrete checkdam and build on the high concrete dam
If length, reduction goes into operation journey digging amount, and the structure of entire compound fish channel structure is made to become compact, reaches the mesh to occupy little space
's.Simultaneously as it is cut respectively by described more than the water culvert of crossing described in each item of 1.5 meters of depths below the water surface of upstream side
Disconnected device removably blocks, and so as to open water channel at any time according to variation of water level, has remained a mistake
Water culvert is in water flowing state.
Further, vertically spaced apart each fishway exit, on the high concrete dam
The dam body upper edge river width direction of trip side is divided into two row arranged for interval；The wherein one vertically spaced apart each institute of row
It is mutually wrong on elevation between the fishway exit stated, with the vertically spaced apart each fishway exit of another row
It opens；It is complete to be arranged on the projection of disconnecting device in the horizontal plane that the vertically spaced apart each item of same row is crossed on water culvert
Full weight is folded.
The preferred mode of the above solution is that the disconnecting device includes the stop log gate cell structure group containing stop log gate
Part, stop log gate of the water culvert excessively respectively by the stop log gate cell structure component corresponding position described in each are detachable
Closure.
Further, the stop log gate cell structure component further includes lifting equipment, the stop log gate passes through institute
The lifting equipment stated opens and closes.
The preferred mode of the above solution is that be staggeredly arranged on elevation two arrange in the fishway exit, a row
In single fishway exit floor elevation and the single fishway exit of corresponding position in adjacent another row top plate elevation
In same horizontal plane.
Further, the migration transition passage includes enclosing well, turn to landing slab and connecting transition ramp, it is described
The connection that connection transition ramp is continuously decreased by the steerings landing slab elevation is an entirety, be connected to one it is whole
The connection transition ramp and steering landing slab of body enclose the well group synthesis migration transition passage, mistake described in each group by described
The elevation of the elevation of the downstream side ports of water culvert and the steering landing slab of corresponding position is adapted, and the migration transition is led to
Road is by the longitudinal centre line for connecting transition ramp perpendicular to the water (flow) direction in river.
Further, migration power-assisted protrusion is additionally provided on the connection transition ramp.
Further, migration power-assisted protrusion is provided on the migration transition passage.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the horizontal layout schematic diagram of the compound fish pass system on the utility model Narrow Valleys landform dam；
Fig. 2 a~Fig. 2 c be Fig. 1 A-A section view states under standard-sized sheet, portion separate and fully closed schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 a~Fig. 3 c be Fig. 1 B-B section view states under standard-sized sheet, portion separate and fully closed schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 a~Fig. 4 c be Fig. 1 C-C section view states under standard-sized sheet, portion separate and fully closed schematic diagram.
In figure label for：High concrete dam 1, disconnecting device 3, migration transition passage 4, crosses water culvert 5, axis at fishway exit 2
To center line 6, stop log gate 7, stop log gate cell structure component 8, lifting equipment 9, enclose well 10, steering landing slab 11, connection transition
Ramp 12, migration power-assisted protrusion 13.
Specific embodiment
It is that one kind provided by the utility model is compact-sized as shown in Fig. 1~Fig. 4 c, occupies little space, it can be according to upper water
The compound fish pass system on the Narrow Valleys landform dam of water channel is opened in position variation at any time.The compound fish pass system
Including high concrete dam 1 and the multiple fishway exits 2 being arranged on the 1 upstream side dam body of high concrete dam, the compound fish
Road system further includes disconnecting device 3, migration transition passage 4 and quantity and contains with the comparable a plurality of water of crossing of 2 quantity of fishway exit
Hole 5；Each fishway exit 2 vertically arranged for interval on the high concrete dam 1；It is passed through along water (flow) direction
Water culvert 5 of crossing described in each item behind high 1 dam of concrete connects respectively with each fishway exit 2 correspondingly
It connects, the downstream side ports of water culvert 5 is crossed described in each item respectively with longitudinal center line 6 perpendicular to the migration transition of water (flow) direction
The corresponding site connection of channel 4；Lead to respectively more than the water culvert 5 of crossing described in each item of 1.5 meters of depths below the water surface of upstream side
It crosses the disconnecting device 3 removably to block, the compound fish channel structure passes through the migration transition passage 4 and downstream
The water body connection of side.The application a set of is gone out by setting including disconnecting device 3, migration transition passage 4 and quantity with the fish pass
The comparable a plurality of compound fish pass system for crossing water culvert 5 of 2 quantity of mouth, and by each fishway exit 2 in the coagulation
Vertically arranged for interval on native high dam 1, described in each item after then passing through the high concrete dam 1 along water (flow) direction again
Water culvert 5 of crossing connect correspondingly with each fishway exit 2 respectively, and make to cross under water culvert 5 described in each item
Trip side ports connect respectively with corresponding site of the longitudinal center line 6 perpendicular to the migration transition passage 4 of water (flow) direction；It uses
When, pass through the disconnecting device 3 respectively more than the water culvert 4 of crossing described in each item of 1.5 meters of depths below the water surface of upstream side
It is dismountable to block, and the entire compound fish channel structure is connected by the migration transition passage 4 and the water body in downstream side
It is logical.The application makes full use of the river in Narrow Valleys landform, and dam body is generally all higher, and protective slope structure after checkdam is built up
It is all especially precipitous, so as to the variation for making the depth of water along river width direction it is especially quick the characteristics of, so as to also solve existing fish
The technical issues of road outlet needs the arrangement gradually reduced along river width direction to the korneforos heart, realizes each fish pass
Outlet 2 vertically carries out arranged for interval, and then can greatly reduce concrete checkdam on the high concrete dam 1
The length of construction reduces the journey digging amount that goes into operation, and the structure of entire compound fish channel structure is made to become compact, reaches what is occupied little space
Purpose.Simultaneously as water culvert 5 is crossed respectively by described more than described in each item of 1.5 meters of depths below the water surface of upstream side
Disconnecting device 3 removably block, so as to open water channel at any time according to variation of water level, remained one
Item crosses water culvert and is in water flowing state.
In the above embodiment, in order to ensure to be respectively provided with fishway exit along each elevation location of short transverse, with
Convenient for ensureing the channel for having for fish migration always, vertically spaced apart each fishway exit 2, described
The dam body upper edge river width direction of 1 upstream side of high concrete dam is divided into two row arranged for interval；Between wherein one arranges vertically
Every each fishway exit 2 of arrangement, with the vertically spaced apart each fishway exit 2 of another row it
Between mutually staggered on elevation；It is arranged on the disconnecting device 3 that the vertically spaced apart each item of same row is crossed on water culvert 5
Projection in the horizontal plane is completely overlapped, at this point, preferred embodiment is two row being staggeredly arranged on the elevation fish pass
In outlet, the floor elevation of the single fishway exit in a row and the single fishway exit of corresponding position in adjacent another row
Top plate elevation be located in same horizontal plane.Equally, it is described in order to ensure that each channel for fish migration is all unimpeded at any time
Disconnecting device 3 include the stop log gate cell structure component 8 containing stop log gate 7, the water culvert 5 of crossing described in each passes through respectively
The stop log gate 7 of 8 corresponding position of stop log gate cell structure component removably blocks；The stop log gate cell structure component
8 further include lifting equipment 9, and the stop log gate 7 is opened and closed by the lifting equipment 9.
Further, in order to improve the compact-sized of herein described compound fish pass system to greatest extent, to greatest extent
Reduction occupied space, while can guarantee again fish migration need channel the gradient and water velocity, the migration transition
Channel 4 includes enclosing well 10, turn to landing slab 11 and connecting transition ramp 12, and the connection transition ramp 12 passes through described turn
The connection continuously decreased to 11 elevation of landing slab is an entirety, is connected to the connection transition ramp 12 of an entirety and turns
The migration transition passage is combined by the well 10 that encloses to landing slab 11, the downstream side of water culvert 5 is crossed described in each group
The elevation of the elevation of port and the steering landing slab 11 of corresponding position is adapted, and the migration transition passage 4 is by described
Connect water (flow) direction of the longitudinal centre line perpendicular to river of transition ramp 12；Preferred embodiment at this time is in the connection
It crosses on ramp 12 and is additionally provided with migration power-assisted protrusion 13.
In conclusion the advantageous effect of the application is：
1st, fish pass is arranged in two separate ranks with checkdam structure, with excavation of the existing program one than that can greatly save fishway exit
And concrete works amount；Compare with existing program two, the checkdam that fishway exit occupies is smaller along the length in axis of dam direction, can
Adapt to the orographic condition of Narrow Valleys.
2nd, same row fishway exit shares one of gate slot, and two row fishway exits share 1 gantry crane, can save
The investment of gate and equipment etc.；Since gate quantity is reduced, along with Stoplog gate height is small, light-weight, the operation control of gate
Also it is more simple.
3rd, for the structure, when upstream water level is located at certain fishway exit working water level section, pass through two row fish pass
Stoplog gate the aperture below the fishway exit floor elevation is closed, you can the fishway exit is made to be in over-current state, and with
Under fishway exit be closed；As a result, under any upstream water level, it can remain that only 1 upstream water level is attached
Near fishway exit is in over-current state；When upstream water level changes, suitably increase or reduce by two row fishway exits
Stoplog gate, can realize the switching for overcurrent fishway exit, reach adapt to upstream water level luffing requirement.
Embodiment one
The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples：
The key structural feature of the present invention：
A. fishway exit is combined arrangement with checkdam in two separate ranks, and the axis of same row fishway exit overlaps, upper and lower layer fish pass
The floor elevation difference 2h of outlet, two row fishway exits are staggered on elevation, horizontally adjacent two fishway exits floor elevation phase
Poor h；
B. same row fishway exit shares one of gate slot, gate slot bottom elevation and the minimum level-one fishway exit bottom plate of the row
Elevation flushes, and using Stoplog gate water blocking, monolithic Stoplog gate height is 2h, and two row fishway exits share 1 gantry crane, gate-type
Crane is moved by wharf portal crane track between two row fishway exits；
C. two horizontally adjacent row fishway exits are connected by the connection channel after being arranged in checkdam dam.
2. the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
A. fishway exit is combined arrangement with checkdam, can greatly save fishway exit foundation excavation and structural concrete work
Cheng Liang is conducive to save construction investment；
B. fishway exit in two separate ranks, layered arrangement, fishway exit occupy checkdam it is smaller along axis of dam direction length, energy
Enough adapt to the orographic condition of Narrow Valleys；
C. same row fishway exit shares one of gate slot, and using Stoplog gate water blocking, two row fishway exits share 1 gate-type
Crane can save significantly on the investment of gate and opening and closing device；
D. compare with existing program one, two, gate quantity substantially reduces；In addition, since Stoplog gate height is small, light-weight, two
The Stoplog gate pattern of row fishway exit is identical, and operation, control, repair of gate etc. are also simpler.
E. for the fishway exit structure：
It (a), will be all by gantry crane and hawser when reservoir level is less than minimum level-one fishway exit bottom elevation
Stoplog gate sling, you can the maintenance of Stoplog gate is realized, as shown in attached drawing 2a, attached drawing 3a and attached drawing 4a；
(b) when reservoir level is located at the 1st grade of (minimum level-one) fishway exit working water level section, pass through gantry crane
All Stoplog gates are fallen with hawser, you can realize the overcurrent of the 1st grade of fishway exit；
(c) when reservoir level is located at the 2nd grade of fishway exit working water level section, by gantry crane and hawser by
Lock under the Stoplog gate of 1 grade of fishway exit, you can realize the overcurrent of the 2nd grade of fishway exit；
(d) when reservoir level is located at 3rd level fishway exit working water level section, by gantry crane and hawser by
1st, lock under the Stoplog gate of 2 grades of fishway exits, you can the overcurrent of 3rd level fishway exit is realized, such as attached drawing 2b, attached drawing 3b and attached drawing 4b
It is shown；
(e) and so on, when upstream water level is located at certain fishway exit working water level section, gantry crane only need to be passed through
With hawser by lock under the Stoplog gate of following fishway exit, you can realize that only having the fishway exit is in over-current state；Work as upper water
When position changes, it only need to suitably increase or reduce the Stoplog gate of two row fishway exits, can realize and overcurrent fish pass is gone out
The switching of mouth, adapts to the variation of upstream water level；
(f) when upstream water level is higher, does not allow fishway exit overcurrent, need to will only own by gantry crane and hawser
Fishway exit Stoplog gate under lock, you can all fishway exits is made to be in the state of not overcurrent, such as attached drawing 2c, attached drawing 3c
And shown in attached drawing 4c.
Claims (8)
1. the compound fish pass system on a kind of Narrow Valleys landform dam including high concrete dam (1) and is arranged on the coagulation
Multiple fishway exits (2) on the dam body of native high dam (1) upstream side, it is characterised in that：The compound fish pass system, which further includes, cuts
Disconnected device (3), migration transition passage (4) and quantity and the comparable a plurality of water culvert (5) excessively of the fishway exit (2) quantity；Respectively
A fishway exit (2) vertically arranged for interval on the high concrete dam (1)；Institute is passed through along water (flow) direction
State described in each item after high concrete dam (1) cross water culvert (5) respectively correspondingly with each fishway exit (2)
It connects, the downstream side ports that water culvert (5) is crossed described in each item are whirled respectively with longitudinal center line (6) perpendicular to described in water (flow) direction
Swim the corresponding site connection of transition passage (4)；Below the water surface of upstream side water culvert is crossed more than described in each item of 1.5 meters of depths
(5) it is removably blocked by the disconnecting device (3) respectively, the compound fish channel structure passes through the migration transition
Channel (4) is connected with the water body in downstream side.
2. the compound fish pass system on Narrow Valleys landform dam according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Along vertically
The spaced apart each fishway exit (2) in direction, it is wide in the dam body upper edge river of the high concrete dam (1) upstream side
Degree direction is divided into two row arranged for interval；The vertically spaced apart each fishway exit (2) of wherein one row, it is and another
It is mutually staggered on elevation between the vertically spaced apart each fishway exit (2) of one row；It is arranged on same
The projection of disconnecting device (3) in the horizontal plane that the vertically spaced apart each item of row is crossed on water culvert (5) is completely overlapped.
3. the compound fish pass system on Narrow Valleys landform dam according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Described
Stop log gate cell structure component (8) of the disconnecting device (3) including containing stop log gate (7), the water culvert (5) of crossing described in each divide
It is not blocked removably by the stop log gate (7) of stop log gate cell structure component (8) corresponding position.
4. the compound fish pass system on Narrow Valleys landform dam according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Described
Stop log gate cell structure component (8) further includes lifting equipment (9), and the stop log gate (7) is opened by the lifting equipment (9)
It opens and closes.
5. the compound fish pass system on Narrow Valleys landform dam according to claim 2,3 or 4, it is characterised in that：
In the fishway exit described in two row being staggeredly arranged on elevation, the floor elevation and phase of the single fishway exit in a row
The top plate elevation of the single fishway exit of corresponding position is located in same horizontal plane in adjacent another row.
6. the compound fish pass system on Narrow Valleys landform dam according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Described
Migration transition passage (4) is including enclosing well (10), turning to landing slab (11) and connection transition ramp (12), the connection transition slope
Plate (12) is an entirety by the connection that described steering landing slab (11) elevation continuously decreases, and is connected to an entirety
Connection transition ramp (12) and turn to landing slab (11) the migration transition passage be combined by the described well (10) that encloses,
The elevation that the elevation and the steering landing slab (11) of corresponding position of the downstream side ports of water culvert (5) are crossed described in each group is mutually fitted
Should, the migration transition passage (4) is by the longitudinal centre line for connecting transition ramp (12) perpendicular to the flow in river
Direction.
7. the compound fish pass system on Narrow Valleys landform dam according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：Described
Connection transition ramp (12) on to be additionally provided with migration power-assisted raised (13).
8. the compound fish pass system on Narrow Valleys landform dam according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described
Migration transition passage (4) on to be provided with migration power-assisted raised (13).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201721567736.2U CN207484432U (en) | 2017-11-21 | 2017-11-21 | Compound fish pass system on Narrow Valleys landform dam |
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| CN201721567736.2U CN207484432U (en) | 2017-11-21 | 2017-11-21 | Compound fish pass system on Narrow Valleys landform dam |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107975016A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-05-01 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Compound fish pass system on Narrow Valleys landform dam |
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2017
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107975016A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-05-01 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Compound fish pass system on Narrow Valleys landform dam |
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