CN110468805B - Fishway radius-variable spiral tower type multi-inlet or multi-outlet structure - Google Patents
Fishway radius-variable spiral tower type multi-inlet or multi-outlet structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN110468805B CN110468805B CN201910613572.XA CN201910613572A CN110468805B CN 110468805 B CN110468805 B CN 110468805B CN 201910613572 A CN201910613572 A CN 201910613572A CN 110468805 B CN110468805 B CN 110468805B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
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- E02B8/08—Fish passes or other means providing for migration of fish; Passages for rafts or boats
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract
The invention provides a fishway variable-radius spiral tower type multi-inlet or multi-outlet structure, which comprises a plurality of fishway inlet (outlet) ports, a gate opening and closing and transporting device, a transporting track, a fishway inlet (outlet) port gate storage slot, a variable-radius spiral tower type fishway, a conventional fishway, a fishway inlet (outlet) port gate and a water retaining breast wall, wherein the fishway inlet (outlet) port is provided with a plurality of water retaining holes; the fishway inlet (outlet) ports are intensively arranged at different height positions of the outer side wall of the variable-radius spiral tower type fishway, are sequentially arranged according to the height of the operating water level, are respectively provided with an inlet (outlet) port gate groove and a fishway inlet (outlet) port gate, and are arranged along the transportation track; under the condition of different fishway operating water levels, the related fishway inlet (outlet) gate is automatically opened and closed according to the set operating water level interval, so that the flow velocity of the fishway inlet (outlet) water flow is ensured to meet the fish luring condition. The invention has the advantages of small structural arrangement range, compact structure, small interference to main engineering, convenient operation and maintenance, low construction cost and capability of adapting to large-amplitude operation water level.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a fishway inlet (outlet) structure, in particular to a fishway multi-inlet (outlet) tower structure capable of adapting to a large-amplitude operating water level, and belongs to the technical field of design and construction of hydraulic buildings.
Background
After the river is cut off due to building of a water retaining building, a migration channel is provided for some fishes with spawning habits from the downstream of the river to the upstream of the river through the fishway, and in order to ensure the fish passing effect, the fishway is generally required to have a condition of continuously passing the fishes in the fish passing season. Water flow enters a fishway from a reservoir at the upstream of a water retaining structure and flows out of the fishway from a riverway at the downstream of the water retaining structure, migratory fishes enter the fishway from the downstream and swim out of the fishway from the upstream, so that a water outlet at the downstream is called a fishway inlet, and a water inlet at the upstream is called a fishway outlet.
Aiming at the actual engineering condition that the operating water level of the fish passing facility inlet (outlet) is large in amplitude, the fish passage inlet (outlet) generally needs to meet the following requirements for realizing the purpose of passing fish: 1. the fish way inlet (outlet) port needs to be capable of adapting to the water level variation of the downstream river channel (upstream reservoir) of a water retaining structure, and the fish way inlet (outlet) port can keep proper water depth and water flow velocity under the fish passing operation water level of any downstream river channel (upstream reservoir); 2. the requirement of the water depth in the fishway is that the fishway pond chamber always needs to keep the design water depth requirement of 0.5-2.5 m; 3. according to the operating water levels of different inlet (outlet) ports, the fishway inlet (outlet) port can automatically open the gate of the corresponding inlet (outlet) port, and close the inlet (outlet) port gate which has adverse effect on the fish passing water flow; 4. for a plurality of inlets (outlets) of the fishway, the later operation and maintenance are convenient.
In order to meet the requirements, in the prior art, the arrangement scheme of the fish inlet (outlet) port is usually adopted for the situation that the amplitude of the water level of the fish passing operation is large as follows:
according to the different inlet (outlet) operating water levels, the conventional arrangement is: the inlet (outlet) ports with different elevations are continuously arranged along the bank of a downstream river channel (or the bank of an upstream reservoir) or combined with a hub building, and each inlet (outlet) port is provided with a gate. The structure is characterized in that: 1. the site arrangement condition is good, and a plurality of inlet (outlet) ports can be arranged in a suitable manner; 2. each inlet (outlet) is provided with a gate and an independent opening and closing device which can independently operate; 3. the requirement of the fishway for continuously passing the fish is met. The disadvantages of this structure are: 1. when the number of fish way inlets (outlets) is large, the structural arrangement is dispersed, which is not beneficial to operation and maintenance; 2. the arrangement of the edge line type along the bank needs a larger occupied field, and certain excavation supporting and foundation treatment engineering quantity can be brought; 3. a plurality of sets of gates and opening and closing systems need to be arranged; 4. sufficient arrangement conditions are also needed in connection with the arrangement of the junction building, and the overall consideration with the structure of the junction building is needed, so that the interference with the main engineering is large.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a fishway radius-variable spiral tower type multi-inlet or multi-outlet structure, the structural arrangement scope is little, compact structure, and it is little to main part engineering interference, and the operation is maintained conveniently, and the construction cost is few, can adapt to the big width of cloth operation water level.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the utility model provides a fishway becomes tower many imports of radius spiral or many exit structures which characterized in that: the fishway comprises a plurality of fishway inlets, gate opening and closing and transporting equipment, a transporting track, a fishway inlet gate storage groove, a variable-radius spiral tower type fishway, a conventional fishway, a fishway inlet gate and a water retaining breast wall; the fishway inlets correspond to different river channel operating water levels respectively and have corresponding bottom plate elevations; the fishway inlets are intensively arranged at different height positions of the outer side wall of the variable-radius spiral tower type fishway and are respectively provided with an inlet gate groove, and the fishway inlets are sequentially arranged along the variable-radius spiral tower type fishway according to the height of the operating water level; the fishway inlets are respectively provided with a fishway inlet gate, and the fishway inlet gates and the fishway inlet gate storage slots are arranged along the transportation track;
or comprises a plurality of fishway outlets, gate opening and closing and transporting equipment, a transporting track, a fishway outlet gate storage groove, a variable-radius spiral tower type fishway, a conventional fishway, a fishway outlet gate and a water retaining breast wall; the plurality of fishway outlets respectively correspond to different river channel operating water levels and have corresponding bottom plate elevations; the fishway outlets are intensively arranged at different height positions of the outer side wall of the variable-radius spiral tower type fishway and are respectively provided with an outlet gate groove, and the fishway outlets are sequentially arranged along the variable-radius spiral tower type fishway according to the height of the operating water level; the plurality of fishway exits are respectively provided with a fishway exit gate, and the fishway exit gates and the fishway exit gate storage slots are arranged along the transportation track.
Under the condition of different fishway operating water levels, the related fishway inlet (outlet) gate is automatically opened and closed according to the set operating water level interval, so that the flow velocity of the fishway inlet (outlet) water flow is ensured to meet the fish luring condition.
Further: the fishway inlet gates of the plurality of fishway inlets share one set of gate opening and closing and transporting equipment, and the gate opening and closing and transporting equipment transports the fishway inlet gates corresponding to different river channel operation water levels to the fishway inlet gate storage gate slot in sequence from high to low along the transportation track for temporary storage and transports the fishway inlet gates to corresponding fishway inlets in sequence from low to high;
the fishway outlet gates of the fishway outlets share one set of gate opening and closing and transporting equipment, the gate opening and closing and transporting equipment transports the fishway outlet gates corresponding to different reservoir operation water levels to the fishway outlet gate storage gate slots in sequence from high to low along the transporting track for temporary storage, and transports the fishway outlet gates to corresponding fishway outlets in sequence from low to high.
Further: the heights of the bottom plates of the fishway inlets are set in a grading manner according to the actual fishway operating water level, and the heights of the bottom plates of the fishway inlets are adapted to different fishway operating water level intervals on the premise of meeting the designed water depth of a fishway pool chamber;
the heights of the bottom plates of the plurality of fishway outlets are set according to actual fishway running water levels in a grading manner, and the heights of the bottom plates of the fishway outlets are adapted to different fishway running water level intervals on the premise of meeting the designed water depth of the fishway pool chamber.
Further: the variable-radius spiral tower type fishways are arranged in a staggered manner on the plane and the elevation, and the fishways adopt the same bottom slope, so that the fishways can naturally collect light and are suitable for fish passing; the height of the top of the side wall of the fishway at the outermost ring of the variable-radius spiral tower type fishway at the fishway inlet is greater than the highest flood protection water level of the fishway, and the height of the top of the side wall of the fishway at the outermost ring of the variable-radius spiral tower type fishway at the fishway outlet is greater than the highest operation water level of the reservoir, so that the fishway is ensured not to be submerged in normal operation or extreme conditions.
Further: the fishway inlet gates of the fishway inlets are of the same structure and size; the fishway inlet gates of the plurality of fishway outlets are of the same structure and size.
Further: setting the height of a water retaining breast wall at the fishway inlet according to the height of the bottom plate at the fishway inlet, the height of a fishway inlet gate and the requirement of the fishway operating water level; and setting the height of the water retaining breast wall of the fishway outlet according to the height of the bottom plate of the fishway outlet, the height of the fishway outlet gate and the requirement of the fishway operating water level.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: on the basis of the conventional fishway, the invention provides conditions for the concentrated arrangement of multiple inlets (outlets) of the fishway by adopting a variable-radius spiral tower type arrangement mode. Like this, owing to need not arrange the line type fishway at retaining structure upper reaches edge bank side length distance or in a large scale, also need not utilize the pivot building to carry out the fishway and arrange, saved and arranged the space, reduced basic side slope excavation and strutted and basic processing engineering volume, reduce the interference with the pivot building, make things convenient for a plurality of business (business) mouthful operations and maintenance, can effectively optimize the headstock gear quantity, through adopting automatic gate headstock gear, make things convenient for the fishway export to become the width of cloth according to actual operation water level, automatic start and stop business (business) mouthful gate.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic plan layout view of a fishway variable-radius spiral tower type inlet structure.
Fig. 2 is a typical sectional schematic view of a fishway variable radius spiral tower type inlet structure of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic plan view of the fishway variable radius spiral tower type outlet structure of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a typical sectional schematic view of the fishway radius-variable spiral tower type outlet structure of the invention.
Labeled as: the fishway comprises a variable-radius spiral tower fishway 1, a conventional fishway 2, a plurality of fishway inlet (outlet) ports 3, fishway inlet (outlet) port gate slots 4, a transportation track 5, a gate opening and closing and transportation device 6, a fishway inlet (outlet) port gate storage slot 7, a plurality of fishway inlet (outlet) port gates 8-11 and a water retaining breast wall or partition plate 12.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
for the purpose of promoting an understanding and an enabling description of the invention, preferred embodiments thereof have been chosen and described in connection with the accompanying drawings.
The invention mainly comprises a variable radius spiral tower type fishway 1, a plurality of fishway inlet (outlet) ports 3, fishway inlet (outlet) port gate slots 4, a transportation track 5, a gate opening and closing and transportation device 6, a fishway inlet (outlet) port gate storage slot 7, a plurality of fishway inlet (outlet) port gates 8-11 and a water retaining breast wall or a baffle plate 12, wherein each fishway inlet (outlet) port 3 is intensively arranged at different height positions of the outer side wall of the variable radius spiral tower type fishway and is respectively provided with an inlet gate slot 4, the inlet (outlet) port gates 8-11 and the fishway inlet (outlet) port gate storage slot 7 are arranged into a circular arc shape and are arranged along the circular arc transportation track 5, the fishway inlet (outlet) ports 4 are sequentially arranged along the variable radius spiral tower type fishway according to the height of the operation water level, the fishway inlet gate storage slot can be positioned at the middle position of the arrangement of the plurality of fishway inlet gates, and the fishway outlet gate storage slot can be positioned at the middle position of the arrangement of the plurality of fishway outlet gates, so as to facilitate the orderly transportation of the gate, shorten the transportation distance and reduce the transition time; in order to facilitate the opening and closing of the gate, the structural sizes of the gates at the fish way inlet (outlet) are the same.
According to the change condition of the running water level of a downstream riverway (reservoir), dividing the water head difference between the highest running water level and the lowest running water level into four sections of running water level intervals according to the designed water depth of the fishway and the designed elevation of a fishway inlet (outlet) bottom plate, wherein the water level intervals are a water level interval A, a water level interval B, a water level interval C and a water level interval D from high to low in sequence. A certain overlapping range is considered in each water level interval, so that different working gates at inlet (outlet) ports can be smoothly connected, and the phenomenon that the fishway is cut off when the gate is opened and closed alternately is avoided. Among the fishway inlet gates 8-11, a fishway inlet (outlet) gate four 11, a fishway inlet (outlet) gate three 10, a fishway inlet (outlet) gate two 9 and a fishway inlet (outlet) gate one 8 respectively correspond to the water level section A, the water level section B, the water level section C and the water level section D.
And (3) opening corresponding fishway outlet gates 8-11 according to the sections of different reservoir operation water levels, and introducing water flow in the reservoir into the variable-radius spiral tower type fishway 1 from the fishway outlet 3.
And (3) opening corresponding fishway inlet gates 8-11 according to the intervals of different operating water levels, and enabling water flow in the variable-radius spiral tower type fishway 1 to flow out to a downstream river channel from the fishway inlet 3.
In order to realize the continuous water flow of the fishway inlet (outlet), the unattended operation and the intelligent control of the inlet (outlet) gate opening and closing equipment 3, the gate opening and closing and transporting system can be provided with the gate opening and closing and transporting equipment 3, a water level monitoring instrument, a water level data real-time acquisition and transmission system and a control system for automatically opening and closing the gate according to the water level change. The gate opening and closing and transporting system has the functions of automatic opening and closing and transportation, and according to the change condition of the upstream (downstream) water level, the gate opening and closing system has the functions of automatically opening and closing the corresponding fishway inlet (outlet) gates 8-11 and can automatically transport the fishway inlet (outlet) gates to the gate storage slots 7 for storage.
According to the practical situation, three water level conditions may exist in the water level of the river (reservoir), the first is that the water level of the river (reservoir) is located in the range of the operating water level of the fishway, the second is that the water level of the river (reservoir) is higher than the highest operating water level of the fishway, and the third is that the water level of the river (reservoir) is lower than the lowest operating water level of the fishway, under the three conditions, two inlet (outlet) arrangement modes illustrated in the attached drawings of the invention are further illustrated respectively:
1. fishway radius-variable spiral tower type inlet structure
(1) The water level of the downstream river channel is positioned in the range of the operating water level of the fishway
Firstly, when the water level operation interval A is in, a fishway inlet gate four 11 is lifted out of a fishway inlet gate groove 4 by using a gate opening and closing and transporting device 6, the fishway inlet gate four 11 is transported to the position of a fishway inlet gate storage gate groove 7 through a transporting track 5, then the fishway inlet gate four 11 is lifted into the fishway inlet gate storage gate groove 7, and when the fishway inlet gate four 11 is opened, the water flow in the variable-radius spiral tower type fishway 1 flows out to a downstream river channel through a fishway inlet 3 according to the designed water depth of the fishway;
when the water level operation interval is reduced from the interval A to the interval B, the third fishway inlet gate 10 is lifted out of the third fishway inlet gate groove 4 by using the gate opening and closing and transporting equipment 6, the third fishway inlet gate 10 is transported to the position of the third fishway inlet gate groove 7 through the transporting track 5, then the third fishway inlet gate 10 is lifted into the third fishway inlet gate groove 7, and when the third fishway inlet gate 10 is opened, the water flow in the variable-radius spiral tower type fishway 1 flows out to a downstream river channel through the fishway inlet 3 according to the designed water depth of the fishway;
and thirdly, when the water level operation interval rises from the interval B to the interval A, the three fishway inlet gates 10 are lifted out of the fishway inlet gate storage gate grooves 7 by using the gate opening and closing and transporting equipment 6, the three fishway inlet gates 10 are lifted into the corresponding fishway inlet gate grooves 4 by using the transporting track 5, and when the three fishway inlet gates 10 are closed, the water flow in the variable-radius tower-type spiral fishway 1 flows out to a downstream river channel through the fishway inlet 3 according to the designed water depth of the fishway.
When the water level operation interval is reduced from the interval B to the interval C, a second fishway inlet gate 9 is lifted out of a second fishway inlet gate groove 4 by using gate opening and closing and transportation equipment 6, the second fishway inlet gate 9 is transported to the position of a second fishway inlet gate storage groove 7 through a transportation track 5, then the second fishway inlet gate 9 is lifted into the second fishway inlet gate storage groove 7, and when the second fishway inlet gate 9 is opened, the water flow in the variable-radius spiral tower type fishway 1 flows out to a downstream river channel through a fishway inlet 3 according to the designed water depth of the fishway;
when the water level operation interval rises from the interval C to the interval B, the fishway inlet gate II 9 is lifted out of the fishway inlet gate storage gate groove 7 by using the gate opening and closing and transporting equipment 6, the fishway inlet gate II 9 is lifted into the corresponding fishway inlet gate groove 4 through the transporting track 5, and when the fishway inlet gate II 9 is closed, the water flow in the variable-radius spiral tower type fishway 1 flows out to a downstream river channel through the fishway inlet 3 according to the designed water depth of the fishway.
When the water level operation interval is reduced from the interval C to the interval D, the first fishway inlet gate 8 is lifted out of the first fishway inlet gate groove 4 by using the gate opening and closing and transporting equipment 6, the first fishway inlet gate 8 is transported to the position of the first fishway inlet gate storage gate groove 7 through the transporting track 5, then the first fishway inlet gate 8 is lifted into the first fishway inlet gate storage gate groove 7, and when the first fishway inlet gate 8 is opened, the water flow in the variable-radius spiral tower type fishway 1 flows out to a downstream river channel through the fishway inlet 3 according to the designed water depth of the fishway;
when the water level operation interval rises from the interval D to the interval C, the first fishway inlet gate 8 is lifted out of the fishway inlet gate storage gate groove 7 by using the gate opening and closing and transporting equipment 6, the first fishway inlet gate 8 is lifted into the corresponding fishway inlet gate groove 4 through the transporting track 5, and when the first fishway inlet gate 8 is closed, the water flow in the variable-radius spiral tower type fishway 1 flows out to a downstream river channel through the fishway inlet 3 according to the designed water depth of the fishway.
Therefore, through one rail, one set of gate opening and closing and transportation equipment can open and close corresponding gates in sequence through simple control, and the inlet water level of the fishway can be corresponding to different running water levels of a river channel, so that fishes can normally migrate.
(2) The water level of the downstream river channel is higher than the highest operation water level of the fishway
When the water level of the downstream river channel is higher than the highest operation water level of the fishway, if the water level of the river channel exceeds the top of the gate, the fishway is in a submerged state, but the operation of the fishway is not influenced, only the water depth of the inlet is too large, the flow velocity of the water flow at the inlet of the fishway is too small, and fish cannot be attracted to enter the fishway.
(3) The water level of the downstream river channel is lower than the lowest operation water level of the fishway
When the water level of the river channel is lower than the lowest operation water level of the fishway, the water depth of the fishway inlet with the lowest elevation does not meet the designed water depth requirement of the fishway, and no fish enters the fishway inlet at the moment.
2. Fishway radius-variable spiral tower type outlet structure
(1) The reservoir water level is in the range of the fishway running water level
Firstly, when the reservoir water level operation interval A is within, a fishway outlet gate four 11 is lifted out of a fishway outlet gate groove 4 by using a gate opening and closing and transporting system 3, the fishway outlet gate four 11 is transported to the position of a fishway outlet gate storage groove 7 through a transporting track 5, then the fishway outlet gate four 11 is lifted into the fishway outlet gate storage groove 7, and when the fishway outlet gate four 11 is opened, the reservoir water at the upper part flows into a variable-radius spiral tower type fishway 1 through a fishway outlet 3 according to the designed water depth of the fishway;
when the reservoir water level operation interval is reduced from the interval A to the interval B, the third fishway outlet gate 10 is lifted out of the fishway outlet gate groove 4, the third fishway outlet gate 10 is conveyed to the position of the fishway outlet gate storage gate groove 7 through the conveying track 5, then the third fishway outlet gate 10 is lifted into the fishway outlet gate storage gate groove 7, and when the third fishway outlet gate 10 is opened, the reservoir water at the upper part flows into the variable-radius spiral tower type fishway 1 through the fishway outlet 3 according to the designed water depth of the fishway;
and thirdly, when the reservoir water level operation interval rises from the interval B to the interval A, the three fishway exit gates 10 are lifted out of the fishway exit gate storage gate slots 7, the three fishway exit gates 11 are lifted into the fishway exit gate slots 4 through the transportation track 5, and when the three fishway exit gates 10 are closed, the reservoir water in the upstream flows into the variable-radius spiral tower type fishway 1 through the fishway exit 3 according to the designed water depth of the fishway.
When the water level operation interval is reduced from the interval B to the interval C, a second fishway outlet gate 9 is lifted out of a fishway outlet gate groove 4 by using gate opening and closing and transportation equipment 6, the second fishway outlet gate 9 is transported to the position of a fishway outlet gate storage groove 7 through a transportation track 5, then the second fishway outlet gate 9 is lifted into the fishway outlet gate storage groove 7, and when the second fishway outlet gate 9 is opened, the water flow in the variable-radius spiral tower type fishway 1 flows into the variable-radius spiral tower type fishway 1 through a fishway outlet 3 according to the designed water depth of the fishway;
when the water level operation interval rises from the interval C to the interval B, the second fishway outlet gate 9 is lifted out of the fishway outlet gate storage gate groove 7 by using the gate opening and closing and transporting equipment 6, the second fishway outlet gate 9 is lifted into the corresponding fishway outlet gate groove 4 through the transporting track 5, and when the second fishway outlet gate 9 is closed, the upstream reservoir water flows into the variable-radius spiral tower type fishway 1 through the fishway outlet 3 according to the designed water depth of the fishway.
When the water level operation interval is reduced from the interval C to the interval D, the first fishway outlet gate 8 is lifted out of the fishway outlet gate groove 4 by using the gate opening and closing and transporting equipment 6, the first fishway outlet gate 8 is transported to the position of the fishway outlet gate storage groove 7 through the transporting track 5, then the first fishway outlet gate 8 is lifted into the fishway outlet gate storage groove 7, and when the first fishway outlet gate 8 is opened, the upstream reservoir water flows into the variable-radius spiral tower type fishway 1 through the fishway outlet 3 according to the designed water depth of the fishway;
when the water level operation interval rises from the interval D to the interval C, the first fishway outlet gate 8 is lifted out of the fishway outlet gate storage gate groove 7 by using the gate opening and closing and transporting equipment 6, the first fishway outlet gate 8 is lifted into the corresponding fishway outlet gate groove 4 through the transporting track 5, and when the first fishway outlet gate 8 is closed, the upstream reservoir water flows into the variable-radius spiral tower type fishway 1 through the fishway outlet 3 according to the designed water depth of the fishway.
Therefore, through one rail, one set of gate opening and closing and transportation equipment can open and close corresponding gates in sequence through simple control, and the inlet water level of the fishway can be corresponding to different running water levels of a river channel, so that fishes can normally migrate.
(2) The water level of the reservoir is higher than the highest operation water level of the fishway
When the reservoir water level is higher than the highest operation water level of the fishway, the fishway is not suitable for operation, all gates at the outlet of the fishway need to be closed, if the reservoir water level exceeds the top of the gates, the fishway is in a submerged state, and at the moment, in order to ensure the safety of the variable-radius spiral tower type fishway 1 and the downstream of the water retaining building, the fishway stops operating. In the fish passing season, a fishway flood gate in a water retaining building needs to be opened, so that water in the fishway is ensured, and the fish in the fishway is prevented from being lack of water; in non-fish passing seasons, the fishway flood gate in the water retaining building is closed.
(3) The reservoir water level is lower than the lowest operation water level of the fishway
When the reservoir water level is lower than the lowest operation water level of the fishway, the water depth in the fishway does not meet the requirement of the designed water depth of the fishway, and the fishway also operates temporarily at the moment. In the fish passing season, artificial water replenishing can be considered, so that the water shortage of fishes in the fishway is avoided; in non-fish passing seasons, the fishway flood gate in the water retaining building is closed.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and the technical features of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any changes or modifications within the field of the present invention by those skilled in the relevant art are covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a fishway becomes tower many imports of radius spiral or many exit structures which characterized in that: the fishway comprises a plurality of fishway inlets (3), gate opening and closing and transporting equipment (6), a transporting track (5), a fishway inlet gate storage slot (7), a variable-radius spiral tower type fishway (1), a conventional fishway (2), fishway inlet gates (8-11) and a water retaining breast wall (12); the fishway inlets correspond to different river channel operating water levels respectively and have corresponding bottom plate elevations; the fishway inlets are intensively arranged at different height positions of the outer side wall of the variable-radius spiral tower type fishway and are respectively provided with an inlet gate groove (4), and the fishway inlets are sequentially arranged along the variable-radius spiral tower type fishway according to the height of the operating water level; the fishway inlets are respectively provided with a fishway inlet gate, and the fishway inlet gates and the fishway inlet gate storage slots are arranged along the transportation track;
the heights of the bottom plates of the fishway inlets are set in a grading manner according to the actual fishway operating water level, and the heights of the bottom plates of the fishway inlets are adapted to different fishway operating water level intervals on the premise of meeting the designed water depth of a fishway pool chamber;
setting the height of a water retaining breast wall at the fishway inlet according to the height of the bottom plate at the fishway inlet, the height of a fishway inlet gate and the requirement of the fishway operating water level;
or comprises a plurality of fishway outlets, gate opening and closing and transporting equipment, a transporting track, a fishway outlet gate storage groove, a variable-radius spiral tower type fishway, a conventional fishway, a fishway outlet gate and a water retaining breast wall; the plurality of fishway outlets respectively correspond to different river channel operating water levels and have corresponding bottom plate elevations; the fishway outlets are intensively arranged at different height positions of the outer side wall of the variable-radius spiral tower type fishway and are respectively provided with an outlet gate groove, and the fishway outlets are sequentially arranged along the variable-radius spiral tower type fishway according to the height of the operating water level; the fishway outlets are respectively provided with a fishway outlet gate, and the fishway outlet gates and the fishway outlet gate storage slots are arranged along the transportation track;
the heights of the bottom plates of the plurality of fishway outlets are set in a grading manner according to the actual fishway operating water level, and the heights of the bottom plates of the fishway outlets are suitable for different fishway operating water level intervals on the premise of meeting the designed water depth of a fishway pool chamber;
and setting the height of the water retaining breast wall of the fishway outlet according to the height of the bottom plate of the fishway outlet, the height of the fishway outlet gate and the requirement of the fishway operating water level.
2. The fishway variable radius spiral tower type multi-inlet or multi-outlet structure of claim 1, wherein: the fishway inlet gates of the plurality of fishway inlets share one set of gate opening and closing and transporting equipment, and the gate opening and closing and transporting equipment transports the fishway inlet gates corresponding to different river channel operation water levels to the fishway inlet gate storage gate slot in sequence from high to low along the transportation track for temporary storage and transports the fishway inlet gates to corresponding fishway inlets in sequence from low to high;
the fishway outlet gates of the fishway outlets share one set of gate opening and closing and transporting equipment, the gate opening and closing and transporting equipment transports the fishway outlet gates corresponding to different reservoir operation water levels to the fishway outlet gate storage gate slots in sequence from high to low along the transporting track for temporary storage, and transports the fishway outlet gates to corresponding fishway outlets in sequence from low to high.
3. The fishway variable radius spiral tower type multi-inlet or multi-outlet structure of claim 1, wherein: the variable-radius spiral tower type fishways are arranged in a staggered manner on the plane and the elevation, and the fishways adopt the same bottom slope, so that the fishways can naturally collect light and are suitable for fish passing; the height of the top of the side wall of the fishway at the outermost ring of the variable-radius spiral tower type fishway at the fishway inlet is greater than the highest flood protection water level of the fishway, and the height of the top of the side wall of the fishway at the outermost ring of the variable-radius spiral tower type fishway at the fishway outlet is greater than the highest operation water level of the reservoir, so that the fishway is ensured not to be submerged in normal operation or extreme conditions.
4. The fishway variable radius spiral tower type multi-inlet or multi-outlet structure of claim 1, wherein: the fishway inlet gates of the fishway inlets are of the same structure and size; the fishway inlet gates of the plurality of fishway outlets are of the same structure and size.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
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| CN111893961A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-11-06 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Fishway outlet gate arrangement structure adapting to large water level amplitude variation and use method thereof |
| CN111893965A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-11-06 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Fishway outlet structure adapting to large water level amplitude variation and fish passing method thereof |
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| JPH0782727A (en) * | 1993-09-13 | 1995-03-28 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Fishway device |
| CN202227324U (en) * | 2011-08-23 | 2012-05-23 | 中国水电顾问集团华东勘测设计研究院 | Adjustable vertical seam type fish channel structure |
| CN102747714A (en) * | 2012-07-25 | 2012-10-24 | 中国水电顾问集团成都勘测设计研究院 | Water complementing system for fish-way entrance |
| CN210636400U (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2020-05-29 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Fishway radius-variable spiral tower type multi-inlet or multi-outlet structure |
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