CN1839778B - 具有可调节斜度的车座的车 - Google Patents

具有可调节斜度的车座的车 Download PDF

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CN1839778B
CN1839778B CN2005100230254A CN200510023025A CN1839778B CN 1839778 B CN1839778 B CN 1839778B CN 2005100230254 A CN2005100230254 A CN 2005100230254A CN 200510023025 A CN200510023025 A CN 200510023025A CN 1839778 B CN1839778 B CN 1839778B
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car
seat
adjusting device
vehicle
vehicle seat
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CN1839778A (zh
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托马斯·布伦德尔
安德烈亚斯·比德施泰特
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Otto Bock Healthcare GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • B60N2/02—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable
    • B60N2/04—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable the whole seat being movable
    • B60N2/10—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable the whole seat being movable tiltable
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C3/00—Chairs characterised by structural features; Chairs or stools with rotatable or vertically-adjustable seats
    • A47C3/02—Rocking chairs
    • A47C3/025—Rocking chairs with seat, or seat and back-rest unit elastically or pivotally mounted in a rigid base frame
    • A47C3/0257—Rocking chairs with seat, or seat and back-rest unit elastically or pivotally mounted in a rigid base frame slidingly movable in the base frame, e.g. by rollers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61G3/00—Ambulance aspects of vehicles; Vehicles with special provisions for transporting patients or disabled persons, or their personal conveyances, e.g. for facilitating access of, or for loading, wheelchairs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
    • A61G5/04—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs motor-driven
    • A61G5/041—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs motor-driven having a specific drive-type
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
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    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
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    • B60N2/1842—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable the whole seat being movable height-adjustable the front or the rear portion of the seat being adjustable, e.g. independently of each other characterised by the cinematic pivoting about an axis located in the rear
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/02—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable
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    • B60N2/18—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable the whole seat being movable height-adjustable the front or the rear portion of the seat being adjustable, e.g. independently of each other
    • B60N2/1807—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable the whole seat being movable height-adjustable the front or the rear portion of the seat being adjustable, e.g. independently of each other characterised by the cinematic
    • B60N2/1846—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable the whole seat being movable height-adjustable the front or the rear portion of the seat being adjustable, e.g. independently of each other characterised by the cinematic pivoting about a distant axis, e.g. virtual
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/02—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable
    • B60N2/04—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable the whole seat being movable
    • B60N2/16—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable the whole seat being movable height-adjustable
    • B60N2/18—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable the whole seat being movable height-adjustable the front or the rear portion of the seat being adjustable, e.g. independently of each other
    • B60N2/185—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable the whole seat being movable height-adjustable the front or the rear portion of the seat being adjustable, e.g. independently of each other characterised by the drive mechanism
    • B60N2/1853—Linear actuator, e.g. screw mechanism
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/24—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • B60N2/24—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
    • B60N2/38—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles specially constructed for use on tractors or like off-road vehicles
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    • A61G2203/00—General characteristics of devices
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Seats For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
  • Chairs For Special Purposes, Such As Reclining Chairs (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Handcart (AREA)

Abstract

一种车，特别是一种电动轮椅，其具有：一个车架(1)和一个在其上可沿着两个弧形导轨(7)相对车架(1)调节斜度的车座(10)；一个斜度传感器(9)，该传感器检测车座(10)的座椅面(12)相对水平面(H)的角度位置(α)；一个与上述车架(1)和车座(10)连接的调节装置(4，4a)；以及一个与斜度传感器(9)和调节装置(4，4a)作用连接的控制及调节装置(2)，通过该控制及调节装置(2)可使车座(10)借助调节装置(4，4a)这样地摆动，使得它的座椅面(12)总是基本与水平面(H)平行。

Description

具有可调节斜度的车座的车
技术领域
本发明涉及一种车，特别是一种电动轮椅，其具有：一个车架和一个在其上可沿着两个弧形导轨相对车架调节斜度的车座；一个斜度传感器，该传感器检测车座的座椅面相对水平面的角度位置；一个与上述车架和车座连接的调节装置；以及一个与斜度传感器和调节装置作用连接的控制及调节装置，通过该控制及调节装置可使车座借助调节装置这样地摆动，使得它的座椅面总是基本与水平面平行。
本发明还涉及一种所述的车的车座的调节方法。
背景技术
例如DE19821451A1中公开了一种这样的车。一些轨与车架固定地连接。在一定活动范围内，车座例如通过一些滚子支承在这些轨上，这些滚子可通过电动机驱动。所述座椅支承及活动范围的这种构型使得载重后的车的重心相对高，这可导致在低矮、不平坦的地面上行驶时的危险的行驶性能。
为了能在道路和街上通行，残疾人经常使用电动轮椅。专门设计用于室外区域的车与主要设计用于室内区域的车相比，具有更大功率的驱动装置和更稳定的行驶机构尺寸，这样，就能够借助它们在较陡峭的上坡和下坡路段行走。但在下坡行驶时存在这样一个问题：电动轮椅的使用者由于相对重力轴线的角度的变化，他有从车座的座椅面上滑下来的趋势。由于电动轮椅的乘坐者的残疾，这些乘坐者大多具有降低的肌肉功能并因此不能活动自如地应付重心的变化。为此，必须采取这样的方式：或者用一个安全带***将人固定在座位上，而这随之带来的是安全带下的织物的压力载荷的升高；或者必须设置一个座椅角度调节装置，通过它，乘坐者座椅相对车架的斜度能得以调节。在下坡之前，座椅需要被从正常状态手动地调节到倾斜状态，在下坡路段结束后，再将其调回正常状态。为此，乘坐者常常需要路人的多次帮助。另外，这种手动地座椅调整的操作必须在静止状态下进行，因此，调节过程相当费时。
EP0829247A2中描述了一种轮椅，其由一个车架和一个安装在车架上的座椅组成，其中，座椅面的斜度可通过调节机构到达各所期望的位置。一个斜度测量装置控制上述调节机构，从而在轮椅经过不平路面时，座椅面的斜度也能保持水平。
发明内容
从上述提出的问题情况出发，应当这样改善上述车的车座的支承：其不仅仅能在下坡时为乘坐者提供高的舒适性，尤其也可由身体活动受限制的人们使用，而且其允许有一个低的重心，这样即使在低矮和不平坦的地面上也可确保一个稳定的行驶性能。
根据本发明，提出了一种车，特别是一种电动轮椅，其具有：一个车架和一个在其上可沿着两个弧形导轨相对车架调节斜度的车座；一个斜度传感器，该传感器检测车座的座椅面相对水平面的角度位置；一个与上述车架和车座连接的调节装置；以及一个与斜度传感器和调节装置作用连接的控制及调节装置，通过该控制及调节装置可使车座借助调节装置这样地摆动，使得它的座椅面总是基本与水平面平行。其中，当车下坡行驶时，车座可绕着一个虚拟的回转点摆动，所述虚拟的回转点位于坐在车座上的乘坐者的惯性回转中心附近。
有利的是，所述两个导轨固定在车座上并且分别支承在至少两个位置固定地与车架连接的滚子上。
根据本发明，还提出了一种所述的车的车座的调节方法。其中，当车下坡行驶时，车座绕着一个虚拟的回转点摆动。
通过该构型使得在道路斜坡上的车座可相应地向反方向摆动，这样，驾驶者即使在下坡时，也能一直基本上平行于其重力轴线地坐着，并且即使没有带固定，也能可靠地控制车。通过这些滚子可以实现几乎无摩擦的支承和角度调节，这样，可以使得调节装置的尺寸相应地小。
由于滚子相对车架上的一水平参考平面具有不同的垂直距离，因此该弧形地构造的导轨使得车座可以有结构简单及允许均匀的摆动运动的导向装置。
有利的是，在行驶方向上看，前部的滚子的所述距离大于后部的滚子的所述距离。
如果相应地设置四个滚子，它们就可以成对地相反对置地设置，并且可从上和下导向导轨，这样，就避免了行驶在不平路面或坑洼路面上时导轨滑出来的情况。
导轨的横截面优选呈圆形。
可使用一个伸缩筒作为调节装置，其可由一个直线电机驱动。
在本发明中，当车下坡行驶时，为使车座适应车行路面的斜度，车座将绕一个虚拟的回转点转动。该虚拟回转点最好位于坐在车座上的驾驶者的惯性回转中心附近。通过控制及调节装置这样地调节摆动运动，使得在下坡行驶时车座的座椅面一直基本上平行于水平面H。
附图说明
下面参照附图，进一步描述本发明的实施例。
图1正常状态下固定在车架上的车座侧视图；
图2倾斜状态下固定在车架上的车座侧视图；
图3根据图1的视图，其中露出了调节装置；
图4根据图2的视图，其中露出了调节装置；
图5一个装备有可调整座椅的车的侧视图。
具体实施方式
所述车主要由车架1和车身18构成，其中车架上设有一些与路面接触的车轮17，车身具有相对车架1可调节斜度的车座10。
车座10设有一个靠背16、一个座椅面12以及固定在支架8上的扶手11。车座10通过前、后支撑件15以及一个基板3与车架1连接。车座10的两侧固定有横截面为圆形的弧形导轨7，它们各在4个成对地相反对置的滚子5、6；13、14中被导向。一个斜度传感器9与车座10连接，通过它可检测座椅面12相对水平面H的角度位置。在车座10下面设置有一个由直线电机4与固定连接到电机上的伸缩筒4a组成的调节装置，该调节装置用其一个端部铰接地固定到车架1或基板3上，及用其另一个端部铰接地固定到车座10上，斜度传感器9和调节装置4、4a通过控制及调节装置2彼此连接。
两个前支撑件15(向着车行方向F看)比两个后支撑件15要长，这样滚子14相对车架1上的参考平面E的距离Av就大于后面的滚子5的距离AH。
如果该车转为下坡行驶，则斜度传感器9检测到座椅面12相对水平面H的角度位置的偏差，并通过控制及调节装置2来控制伺服电机4，使电机的伸缩筒4a伸出，及使车座向后摆动一个角度α，这样就相当于使坡度-α被补偿，及座椅面12就保持与水平面H平行。调节回路工作越精确，座椅面12相对水平面H的平行度保持得就越准确。在摆动运动时，车座10沿着在滚子5、6；13、14上运行的、弧形延伸的导轨7导向。该摆动运动绕一个虚拟的回转点P进行，该回转点这样选择：它位于使用者的惯性回转中心(Massendrehpunkt)附近。这样，座椅调节的整个装置被相应地与乘坐者适配。
调节过程连续地进行，使得座椅面12一直保持在一个水平面上。
参考标号表：
1车架                        P虚拟回转点
2控制及调节装置              α倾斜角
3基板                        -α坡度
4伺服电机
4a伸缩筒
5滚子
6滚子
7导轨
8支架
9斜度传感器
10车座
11扶手
12座椅面
13滚子
14滚子
15支撑件
16靠背
17车轮
18车身
Av距离
AH距离
E参考平面
F车行方向
H水平面

Claims (8)

1.一种车，其具有：一个车架(1)和一个在其上可沿着两个弧形导轨(7)相对车架(1)调节斜度的车座(10)；一个斜度传感器(9)，该传感器检测车座(10)的座椅面(12)相对水平面(H)的角度位置(α)；一个与上述车架(1)和车座(10)连接的调节装置(4，4a)；以及一个与斜度传感器(9)和调节装置(4，4a)作用连接的控制及调节装置(2)，通过该控制及调节装置(2)可使车座(10)借助调节装置(4，4a)这样地摆动，使得它的座椅面(12)总是基本与水平面(H)平行，其特征在于：当车下坡行驶时，车座(10)可绕着一个虚拟的回转点(P)摆动，所述虚拟的回转点位于坐在车座(10)上的乘坐者的惯性回转中心附近。
2.如权利要求1所述的车，其特征在于：所述两个导轨(7)固定在车座(10)上并且分别支承在至少两个位置固定地与车架(1)连接的滚子(5，14)上。
3.如权利要求2所述的车，其特征在于：这些滚子(5，14)具有相对车架(1)上的一水平参考平面(E)不同的垂直的距离(AV，AH)。
4.如权利要求2所述的车，其特征在于：分别设置四个滚子(5，6；13，14)。
5.如权利要求1所述的车，其特征在于：所述调节装置(4a)是一个伸缩筒。
6.如权利要求1所述的车，其特征在于：所述调节装置(4a)被电动地驱动。
7.如权利要求3所述的车，其特征在于：在行驶方向(F)上看，前部的滚子(13，14)的所述距离(AV)大于后部的滚子(5，6)的所述距离(AH)。
8.如权利要求1所述的车，其特征在于：所述车是电动轮椅。
CN2005100230254A 2004-09-18 2005-09-16 具有可调节斜度的车座的车 Expired - Fee Related CN1839778B (zh)

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CN1839778A (zh) 2006-10-04
US20060061179A1 (en) 2006-03-23
ATE401851T1 (de) 2008-08-15
DE102004045388A1 (de) 2006-04-06
US8061755B2 (en) 2011-11-22
EP1637111A1 (de) 2006-03-22
DE102004045388B4 (de) 2006-10-19
DE502005004786D1 (de) 2008-09-04
KR20060051337A (ko) 2006-05-19
DE202004021112U1 (de) 2006-10-26
EP1637111B1 (de) 2008-07-23
NO327334B1 (no) 2009-06-15

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