CN1799113A - 操作元件 - Google Patents

操作元件 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1799113A
CN1799113A CNA2004800151523A CN200480015152A CN1799113A CN 1799113 A CN1799113 A CN 1799113A CN A2004800151523 A CNA2004800151523 A CN A2004800151523A CN 200480015152 A CN200480015152 A CN 200480015152A CN 1799113 A CN1799113 A CN 1799113A
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executive component
parts
operating surface
pressure
regulated
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理查德·佩尔蒂埃
霍尔格·施密特
伯恩哈德·尚贝克
科伦娜·德林
埃尔玛·威斯
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Publication of CN1799113A publication Critical patent/CN1799113A/zh
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/70—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard
    • H01H13/78—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard characterised by the contacts or the contact sites
    • H01H13/785—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard characterised by the contacts or the contact sites characterised by the material of the contacts, e.g. conductive polymers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/70—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/70—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard
    • H01H13/702—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard with contacts carried by or formed from layers in a multilayer structure, e.g. membrane switches
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
    • E05F15/60—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators
    • E05F15/603—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors
    • E05F15/665—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors for vertically-sliding wings
    • E05F15/689—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors for vertically-sliding wings specially adapted for vehicle windows
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2400/00—Electronic control; Electrical power; Power supply; Power or signal transmission; User interfaces
    • E05Y2400/10—Electronic control
    • E05Y2400/32—Position control, detection or monitoring
    • E05Y2400/35—Position control, detection or monitoring related to specific positions
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2400/00—Electronic control; Electrical power; Power supply; Power or signal transmission; User interfaces
    • E05Y2400/10—Electronic control
    • E05Y2400/36—Speed control, detection or monitoring
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2400/00—Electronic control; Electrical power; Power supply; Power or signal transmission; User interfaces
    • E05Y2400/10—Electronic control
    • E05Y2400/40—Control units therefor
    • E05Y2400/41—Control units therefor for multiple motors
    • E05Y2400/415—Control units therefor for multiple motors for multiple wings
    • E05Y2400/42—Control units therefor for multiple motors for multiple wings for multiple openings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2400/00—Electronic control; Electrical power; Power supply; Power or signal transmission; User interfaces
    • E05Y2400/80—User interfaces
    • E05Y2400/85—User input means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2400/00—Electronic control; Electrical power; Power supply; Power or signal transmission; User interfaces
    • E05Y2400/80—User interfaces
    • E05Y2400/85—User input means
    • E05Y2400/856—Actuation thereof
    • E05Y2400/858—Actuation thereof by body parts, e.g. by feet
    • E05Y2400/86—Actuation thereof by body parts, e.g. by feet by hand
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
    • E05Y2900/50—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for vehicles
    • E05Y2900/53—Type of wing
    • E05Y2900/55—Windows
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2201/00—Contacts
    • H01H2201/022—Material
    • H01H2201/032—Conductive polymer; Rubber
    • H01H2201/036—Variable resistance
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2215/00—Tactile feedback
    • H01H2215/05—Tactile feedback electromechanical
    • H01H2215/052—Tactile feedback electromechanical piezoelectric
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2300/00—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to electric switches, relays, selectors or emergency protective devices covered by H01H
    • H01H2300/006—Application power roofs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2300/00—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to electric switches, relays, selectors or emergency protective devices covered by H01H
    • H01H2300/01—Application power window
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2300/00—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to electric switches, relays, selectors or emergency protective devices covered by H01H
    • H01H2300/038—Preselection, i.e. the output of a switch depends on a particular preselection, e.g. a particular position of another switch

Landscapes

  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
  • Window Of Vehicle (AREA)
  • Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)
  • Switches With Compound Operations (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及具有操作面的操作元件，尤其是车辆中的操作元件，用于操纵与待调节部件有效连接的调节装置。所述操作面被构造为压敏表面，其可用于根据施加在操作面上的压力的位置和/或强度生成调节信号。所述信号使得待调节部件被调节装置相应地定位。

Description

操作元件
技术领域
本发明涉及具有操作面的操作元件，尤其是在车辆中用于操纵与待调节部件有效连接的调节装置的操作元件。
背景技术
由于汽车中日益增加的电气元件，操作元件的数量急剧增加。其中，类型从简单的开关到复杂的操作元件。操作元件检测驾驶者的动作或期望。开关和按钮(Taster)为汽车中最经常使用的操作元件。通过接通或断开电气的开关电路，准备驾驶者所期望的动作。可以由使用者通过压或移动而操作它们。其中，尤其是由调节装置操纵的待调节部件，诸如例如天窗(Schiebedaecher)或车身滑顶(Schiebehebedaecher)和车窗在操作期间需要一定的注意，这可能不期望地转移驾驶者的注意力。
此外，操作元件必须作为功能元件被集成在设计中。因此，设计必须经常适应操作元件的大小以及与其连接的“包”。设计人员在“优化”设计的过程中需要更大的自由来塑造任意表面。为此，需要可以几乎不可见地被集成到现有表面中的操作元件。
DE 197 56 804 C2公开了一种压感(druckempfindlich)开关以及尤其是一种机械操作的压感开关，其中当在一个电极上施加力时或者当撤消这个力时，在两个相对的电极之间进行电气接触和电气隔离。具体地(im Einzelnen)，所公开的发明涉及平坦的或薄膜状的开关，其设置在坐垫中，用于借助于二进制码(EIN或AUS)显示是否有乘客坐在位置上。因此，压感开关以已知方式只用于确定EIN或AUS位置。例如WO 02/01586A1和US 6,008,718A公开了压敏(drucksensitive)的柔韧的开关或薄膜。
发明内容
本发明的任务是这样改进操作元件，使得其可以更容易和直观地***作，而在其操作中不需要对待调节部件的特别注意。此外，以下也是可能的，即能够更容易地、不依赖于表面材料和表面几何尺寸地将操作元件集成到现有表面中。
结合权利要求1的前序部分、通过以下方式完成这个任务，即操作面被构造作为压敏表面，根据施加在操作面上的压力的位置和/或压力强度由其可产生调节信号，由该调节信号，通过调节装置可相应地定位待调节的部件。
通过将操作面构造作为压敏表面，其中可以根据位置，即位置分辨地(ortsaufgeloest)，确定压力，所以可以产生调节信号，通过该调节信号，可以由调节装置将待调节部件调节到其预定的位置。其中，所谓的“智能材料”形式的新材料适合于压敏表面。这些材料是压敏的，并且识别压力位置和压力强度。其中，智能材料可以被不同地构造。因此，具有在压力下压合的接触薄膜的结构或者泡沫材料和玻璃纤维的组合是可能的，诸如例如WO 00/73982 A1所公开的。通过附加地分析操作强度(Bedienstaeke)，可以实现更多的操作可能性。任何位置是直接可调用的(anwaehlbar)。大平面上的操作也是可能的。压下和移动运动可以被检测并被转换为相应的调节信号。产生更多的设计自由，因为可以构造任何形式的压敏表面。此外，这可以与任何材料结合。在需要时，其可以甚至不可见地被构造。
根据本发明的一个优选实施形式，操作面被构造为稍带长形的操作区，其长轴基本设置在待调节部件的调节方向上。稍带长形的操作区包括对应于待调节部件的第一位置的第一端和对应于第二位置的第二端。操作区的端之间的区域对应于待调节部件的相应中间位置。
由此，能够实现类似待调节部件的功能或运动方向的操作。可以通过相应操作面上的相应轻触运动(Streichbewegung)进行直观的操作。但是，也可能以接触来控制任意情况。因此，例如，通过在稍带长形的操作区的确定位置上压下，可以确定天窗或车窗的开启宽度。
根据本发明的另一优选实施方式，待调节部件的调节速度与施加在操作面或压敏表面上的压力相关。因此，例如，可以通过有力的压下来实现天窗或车窗的快速打开/关闭，通过在操作面上小的压力来实现缓慢的打开/关闭。
根据另一优选实施方式，压敏表面或操作面由压敏元件构成，压敏元件由压敏材料构成。但是，也可能由柔韧材料构成压敏表面，由压敏材料构成的压敏元件位于柔韧材料前、在其与表面相对的内表面上。出于设计的原因，本来的压敏元件由柔韧材料覆盖，使得柔韧材料为操作者构成了压敏表面。
根据本发明的另一优选实施方式，为了在操作面行施加压力时产生触觉(Haptik)，可使其振动。这个振动可以随着在操作面上作用的增加而相应地增加。因此，操作者认识到，他也实际上触发了操作过程。
作为待调节部件，除了天窗外，还涉及车窗、座椅或其他部件。
操作元件可以与待调节部件相邻、设置在多功能方向盘上或者其他适当的位置上。
附图说明
由以下详细的描述和其中示例性表示本发明优选实施形式的附图提供本发明的其他细节。
附图中：
图1表示汽车内部空间的空间表示，其中显示了设置在驾驶员车门上的、用于调节车窗的操作元件，
图2表示汽车内部空间的空间表示，其中显示了车辆车顶中的、用于调节未表示的天窗的操作元件，
图3表示带有设置在下游的(nachgeordnet)调节装置和待调节部件的操作元件的框图。
具体实施方式
操作元件1通过电子装置2与调节装置3相连，其中调节装置3定位待调节部件。
操作元件1包括操作面5，操作面5被构造作为压敏表面。操作面5由“智能材料”构成，“智能材料”可以检测施加在其上的压力的位置以及其压力强度。操作者或驾驶者施加在操作面5上的压力被电子装置2分析，并且作为相应的调节信号转发给调节装置3，调节装置3相应地定位待调节部件4。
根据图1的实施例，操作面5被构造为稍带长形的操作区6，其长轴7基本设置在待调节部件4-在例子中是左前车窗9-的调节方向8上。稍带长形的操作区6包括第一端10，其对应于第一位置，即车窗9关闭。稍带长形的操作区的与第一端10相对的第二端11相应地对应于待调节部件4的第二位置，即车窗9完全打开。操作区6的位于端10、11之间的区域相应地对应于车窗9的中间位置。通过未示出的操作者用手指在稍带长形的操作区6上轻触滑动，可以直观地打开或关闭车窗9。其中，打开或关闭过程的快慢由施加在操作区6上的压力的强度来确定。在例子中，关闭区12或打开区13分别位于操作场6的两个外端10、11之前。通过在区12、13上施加压力，以已知的方式执行完全的打开或关闭过程。通过分配区14、15、16、17实现将操作元件1或操作区6分配给各个侧面车窗。通过在第一分配区14上施加压力，将操作面5分配给左前车窗9。在第二分配区15上施加压力就将操作面5分配给未示出的右侧车窗，并且相应地，在第三分配区16上施加压力就将操作面5分配给未示出的左后车窗，并且在第四分配区17上施加压力就将操作面5分配给未示出的右后车窗。
原则上，也可以设置另外三个稍带长形的操作区6代替分配区14、15、16、17，使得为每个车窗分配一个自己的操作区6。
在根据图2的第二例子中，操作元件1’设置在车内后视镜20上方车顶19区域中的操作控制台18中。稍带长形的操作区6’设置在操作控制台18上未示出的天窗的调节装置中。其中，在其第一端10’和其第二端11’之前同样分别设置有关闭区12’或打开区13’。操作控制台18上的操作元件21用于操作未进一步表示的通风。在图2中示出了遮阳板22、前窗玻璃23以及车内后视镜20，以有助于定向。

Claims (13)

1.具有操作面的操作元件，尤其是在车辆中用于操纵与待调节部件有效连接的调节装置的操作元件，其特征在于，所述操作面(5)被构造为压敏表面，根据施加在所述操作面(5)上的压力的位置和/或压力强度，通过所述操作面可生成调节信号，通过所述调节信号，可由所述调节装置(3)相应地定位所述待调节部件(4)。
2.根据权利要求1的操作元件，其特征在于，所述操作面(5)被构造为稍带长形的操作区(6，6’)，其长轴基本上被设置在所述待调节部件(4)的调节方向(8)中，所述稍带长形的操作区(6，6’)包括对应于所述待调节部件(4)的第一位置的第一端(10，10’)和对应于所述待调节部件(4)的第二位置的第二端(11，11’)，所述操作区(6，6’)的位于所述端(10，10’，11，11’)之间的区域相应地对应于中间位置。
3.根据权利要求1或2的操作元件，其特征在于，待调节部件的调节速度(8)与施加在所述操作面(5)上的压力相关。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项的操作元件，其特征在于，所述操作面(5)由压敏元件构成。
5.根据权利要求1至3中任一项的操作元件，其特征在于，所述操作面(5)由柔韧材料构成，在所述柔韧材料前，在其与表面相对的内表面上设置压敏元件。
6.根据权利要求4或5的操作元件，其特征在于，所述压敏元件由压敏材料构成。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任一项的操作元件，其特征在于，为了在接触操作面(5)时产生触觉，可使其振动。
8.根据权利要求7的操作元件，其特征在于，所述振动随着操作面(5)上的作用的增加而增加。
9.根据权利要求7或8的操作元件，其特征在于，所述振动由压电元件产生。
10.根据权利要求1至9中任一项的操作元件，其特征在于，所述待调节部件(4)是天窗，而所述操作面(5)是天窗开关的部件。
11.根据权利要求1至9中任一项的操作元件，其特征在于，所述待调节部件(4)是车窗(9)，而所述操作面(5)是车窗玻璃升降开关的部件。
12.根据权利要求1至9中任一项的操作元件，其特征在于，所述待调节部件(4)是座椅，而所述操作面(5)是座椅调节开关的部件。
13.根据权利要求1至12中任一项的操作元件，其特征在于，所述操作面(5)设置在多功能方向盘上。
CNA2004800151523A 2003-06-12 2004-05-21 操作元件 Pending CN1799113A (zh)

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KR20060026874A (ko) 2006-03-24
EP1631975B1 (de) 2008-10-01
US20060144680A1 (en) 2006-07-06
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EP1631975A1 (de) 2006-03-08
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