CN1545858A - Method for cultivating heterotic vigor combination using double series method - Google Patents

Abstract

A process for cultivating indica rice and round-grained rice heterosis by means of double-line method, which comprises time space insulation and selection in seed safety production, sowing period difference in father parent and female parent, adjusting density line ratio, regulating floriation period, intelligent use of 920, manual supplementary pollination, and rouging supporting measures. The invention is characterized in that the indica rice and round-grained rice are utilized, a trans-latitude method cultivated double low optical temperature sensing sterility line is used as a mother parent, a central indica rice Yandao No.6 is used as a father parent for copulation.

Description

A kind of method of utilizing two line method to cultivate the combination of indica-japonica hybrid advantage

The present invention relates to a kind of two line method cultivation indica-japonica hybrid advantage of utilizing and make up two excellent No. six methods of raising.

Charming prospect is being contained in the indica-japonica heterosis utilization, but the puzzlement that also exists certain genetic disorder and use.Studies show that the hybrid vigour of typical Xian round-grained rice F1 is difficult to utilize, wide affine system configuration crossbreed also fails to overcome to utilize and goes up puzzlement.It is the core technology of indica-japonica hybrid heterosis breeding that appropriateness is coordinated in " Xian round-grained rice bridge formation " genetic element collocation, adopts to stride that the lower photo-thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line of seed selection origin temp is the key of cultivation two line method photo-thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line under long and short day condition of latitude.Thereby the present invention adopts above-mentioned two key technologies to solve two line method indica and japonica subspecies genetic disorder and utilizes and go up difficulty, cultivate a kind of indica type to incline " two low " photo-thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line and extensively account for 63-4S work female parent, (another name 9311) made the paternal hybrid combo and become to raise two excellent No. six to raise rice No. 6 with middle Xian kind, thereby utilizes favourable indica-japonica heterosis.District's examination of 2000-2003 country and production show, the backbone parent of cultivating by said method extensively accounts for 63-4S and preparation combination and raises two and come out at the top as semilate rice+ratoon rice, semilate rice, double cropping late rice plantation early for excellent No. six, be that an adaptability is extremely wide, per mu yield height, good grain quality have the DEVELOPMENT PROSPECT combination.

Purpose of the present invention can reach by following measure.

Utilize two line method to cultivate the combination of indica-japonica hybrid advantage and raise two excellent No. six methods, the space-time that comprises seed safety production isolate select, father and mother originally broadcast the poor phase, row than arrange, regulate the florescence, rationally use 920, artificial supplementary pollination, roguing supplementary measures.It is characterized in that utilizing " Xian round-grained rice bridges formation ", stride latitude and select to cultivate indica type " two low " photo-thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line that inclines and extensively account for 63-4S and do maternally, (calling 9311) made the paternal hybrid combo and become to raise two excellent No. six to raise rice No. 6 with rice variety.

Main contents of the present invention:

1. raise two excellent No. six seeding techniques.The present invention's two line method approach production of hybrid seeds, three line method has remarkable difference in the past together, and its adopts the Xian photo-thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line that inclines to make maternal and any rice variety combo, can extensively freely screen general combining ability and specific combining ability and make up.Being strict with to light temperature sensitivity and to the breeding condition of planting based on photo-thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line, is to guarantee two line method hybrid F1 safety in production, and parent's crossbreeding must carry out the strict space-time selection and the regular purification and rejuvenation of original seed.This method can reach 98% through 2000-2003 evidence purity, and hybrid seed yield is above 250 kilograms/mu.

The seeding technique feature:

(1) production of hybrid seeds ground space-time is selected

Yangtse-huaihe region (east longitude 118-120 degree is in the north latitude 30-32 degree, 80 meters of height above sea level)

Best safety 15-24 in August heading stage day.

Male parent is divided three April 21 phase, May 1, May 10 best sowing time

Father and mother's this date of seeding difference 38-42 days, or leaf age differs from 8.2 leaves.

South China's (east longitude 110-114 degree, north latitude 23-25 degree, height above sea level 100-200 rice)

Best safety 16-25 in September heading stage day.

Male parent best-30 days June 20 of sowing time

Father and mother originally broadcast and insert phase 20-25 days or leaf age difference 6-6.5 leaf.

(2) safety is isolated:

Heading flowering period and adjacent other rice varieties carry out production of hybrid seeds space-time isolates, space length＞500 meter, or be separated by more than 20 days.

(3) this planting density of father and mother row is than control

5 * 4 cun of maternal distances between rows and hills are planted sufficient 14-16 ten thousand basic seedling/mus, 6 cun of male parent spacing in the rows, and duplicate rows rice transplanting aisle 1 chi, father and mother's one's own profession was than 2: 20 or 1: 12.The row to when heading stage predominant wind vertical.

(4) use 920 technology and artificial supplementary pollination.

Extensively account for 63-4S to 920 responsive female consumption 20 grams, spray at twice.When female parent was seen fringe 15%, father and mother originally used 920 once simultaneously, consumption 8 gram/mus for the first time.

For the second time spraying back second day or every other day female parent was being sprayed 920, consumption 12 gram/mus.Female parent cuts the leaf phase and is seeing that fringe 3-5% carries out.Catch up with powder to carry out artificial supplementary pollination whole flowering stage every day at florescence from fringe phase beginning to neat fringe.

(5) roguing technology

Before going out fringe and heading stage take out breeding time form with this discrepant assorted strain of father and mother, contain and spend back about 25 days and in time gather in the crops hybrid seed.

2. raise two excellent No. six crossbreed cultivation application technologies

(1) begins sowing in good time

Raise two and can make rice culture in one season of the Yellow River and Huai He River rice district excellent No. six, can do early, middle and late rice in the Yangtze river basin.

In Anhui, Jiangsu semilate rice 10-20 in May day; In Jiangxi, the Hunan does early, late rice, ratoon rice.At the beginning of the early rice 4 months, late rice June 20, length of time rice seedlings grow 30-35 days, the rice seedling bed amount of broadcasting 10-15 kilogram/mu.

(2) transplant density and colony's requirement

Do being advisable of rice cultivation early with 8 * 3 cun, rice culture with 8 * 4 cun in the work, basic seedling 8-12 ten thousand/mu, plant back 15 days stem tiller numbers and reach predetermined spike number, plant the back and reached peak seedling in 25-30 days and be no more than 26-28 ten thousand, become fringe 17-19 ten thousand at last, every mu of grain husk is spent several 2600-3200 ten thousand, ripening rate 85% is more than thousand kernel weight 29 grams.

(3) fertilizer application

Always with 14 kilograms/mu of nitrogen amounts, in early stage 70%, in mid-term 30%, nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer match.

(4) water starch management

Shallow irrigation after the rice transplanting is gently put after stem evil number reaches predetermined spike number several times, appropriate dry field, and the pustulation period is main moistening irrigation with water, harvesting can be cut off the water supply the last week.

The present invention compares with existing series of three-series hybrid rice Xian excellent 63 has following advantage:

1. rice is of fine quality measures through Ministry of Agriculture rice quality inspection center, has 9 and reach one-level superior rice standard in 10 indexs, purchases 5 fens of overcharging per jin, obviously is better than Xian excellent 63.

2. about the high large tracts of land per mu yield of output 600-650 kilogram, have a daily output of first of the combination of participating in the experiment, the volume increase comparison is according to Xian excellent 63 high 10-20% in district's examination.

3. the high bacterial leaf spot resistant of strong stress resistance, middle blast resisting, against-plant hopper.

4. wide adaptability can be done double cropping rice sooner or later, single cropping semilate rice, ratoon rice.

5. make the low the technology of the present invention of using of numerous kind of cost, numerous production of hybrid seeds amount can reach 200-250 kilogram/mu, has reduced by 920 consumptions, guarantees that purity is more than 98%.

Claims (6)

1. one kind is utilized the Xian round-grained rice to build bridge to stride latitude to select two line method to cultivate the combination of indica-japonica hybrid advantage to raise two excellent No. six methods: comprise that the combination seed produces that space-time is selected, safety is isolated, father and mother originally broadcast the poor phase, the Suitable Density row than, rationally use artificial supplementary pollinations such as 920, roguing technology and breeding good method supplementary measures, it is characterized in that utilizing backbone parent " two the is low " photo-thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line of indica-japonica heterosis extensively to account for 63-4S work female parent, (another name 9311) makes the paternal hybrid combo to raise rice No. 6 with Xian in the high-combining ability.

2. according to the described method of claim 1, it is characterized in that the space-time selection of production of hybrid seeds ground:

Yangtse-huaihe region (east longitude 118-120 degree is in the north latitude 30-32 degree, 80 meters of height above sea level)

South China's (east longitude 110-114 degree, north latitude 23-25 degree, height above sea level 100-200 rice)

Heading flowering period and adjacent other rice varieties carry out production of hybrid seeds space-time isolates, space length＞500 meter, or be separated by more than 20 days.

3. according to the described method of claim 1, it is characterized in that:

Yangtse-huaihe region

Best safety 15-24 in August heading stage day.

First phase male parent was than maternal early sowing 38-42 days, or leaf age differs from 8.2 leaves.

The second phase, the third phase were separated by 10 days with preceding first phase respectively.

The South China

Best safety 16-25 in September heading stage day.

First phase male parent is than maternal Zao insert 20-25 days or leaf age difference 6-6.5 leaf.

Two phase male parents were separated by 10 days.

4. according to the described method of claim 1, it is characterized in that:

5 * 4 cun of maternal distances between rows and hills are planted sufficient 14-16 ten thousand basic seedling/mus, 6 cun of male parent spacing in the rows, and duplicate rows rice transplanting aisle 1 chi, father and mother's one's own profession was than 2: 20 or 1: 12.Row is to vertical with locality predominant wind at heading stage.

5. according to the described method of claim 1, it is characterized in that:

Father and mother originally used 920 8 gram/mus simultaneously when female parent went out fringe 15%, second day or spray 920 12 gram/mus every other day.

6. according to the described method of claim 1, it is characterized in that:

Go out before the fringe and heading stage take out breeding time form with this discrepant assorted strain of father and mother, contain and spend back about 25 days and in time gather in the crops seed.