CN103782857B - A kind of breeding method getting over year recycled water rice and nursery implantation methods - Google Patents

A kind of breeding method getting over year recycled water rice and nursery implantation methods Download PDF

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CN103782857B
CN103782857B CN201410031818.XA CN201410031818A CN103782857B CN 103782857 B CN103782857 B CN 103782857B CN 201410031818 A CN201410031818 A CN 201410031818A CN 103782857 B CN103782857 B CN 103782857B
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rice
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oryza sativa
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recycled water
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CN103782857A (en
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胡代书
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/20Cereals
    • A01G22/22Rice
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01HNEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
    • A01H1/00Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
    • A01H1/02Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01HNEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
    • A01H5/00Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their plant parts; Angiosperms characterised otherwise than by their botanic taxonomy
    • A01H5/10Seeds
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01HNEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
    • A01H6/00Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their botanic taxonomy
    • A01H6/46Gramineae or Poaceae, e.g. ryegrass, rice, wheat or maize
    • A01H6/4636Oryza sp. [rice]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/13Abiotic stress
    • Y02A40/132Plants tolerant to drought

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)

Abstract

It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of breeding method getting over year recycled water rice.This breeding method is using the wild rice containing cold-resistant and well developed root system gene as male parent, with DS89 1 Oryza sativa L. var. glutinosa Matsum. as female parent, carries out 3~5 times repeating hybridization and obtaining more year recycled water rice.The present invention also provides for the described nursery implantation methods getting over year recycled water rice.The more year recycled water rice that breeding method of the present invention obtains, according to the Oryza sativa L. of described nursery implantation methods plantation, has yield and rice milling yield is high, good grain quality, can get over year regeneration, cold-resistant, drought resisting, the advantage that rice blast ability resistant to lodging, anti-is strong.

Description

A kind of breeding method getting over year recycled water rice and nursery implantation methods
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of breeding method getting over year recycled water rice and nursery implantation methods.
Background technology
Oryza sativa L. is one of the most most important cereal crops, is the staple food of more than half population of China.Along with Being continuously increased of world population, whole world cultivated area reduces year by year, and natural disaster takes place frequently, and grain increases increasingly Slowly, grain security has become as the hot issue of international community's common concern.The existing Rice Production of China Need to plough a field, sowing every year is transplanted seedlings, and there is labor intensity big, and production cost is high every year, low the lacking of economic benefit Point.Some agricultural experts cultivate Oryza sativa L. it is proposed that cross employing zero tillage, but fail the most thoroughly to realize.Development More year Herba Oryzae Reproductii is that rice yield improves in China, stabilization of rice is always produced, and improves Oryza sativa L. economic benefit, it is ensured that grain The inevitable choice of food safety.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide one more year recycled water rice Breeding method.This breeding method using the wild rice containing cold-resistant and well developed root system gene as male parent, with DS89-1 Oryza sativa L. var. glutinosa Matsum. is as female parent, through repeated crossing for many years, obtains more year recycled water rice.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the described nursery implantation methods getting over year recycled water rice.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following measure:
The breeding method getting over year recycled water rice of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
(1) the leeward big infertile field having water source to ensure on the sunny side is selected, by containing cold-resistant and well developed root system gene open country Raw rice as male parent, at temperature more than 15 DEG C, plastic film, uses sufficient base fertilizer;Five leaves wholeheartedly time by wild rice Transplanting into the big row of 1.2 meters wide, the strain of every nest one, row are away from for 7~8 cun;
(2) after step (1) described wild rice is transplanted 1 month, using DS89-1 Oryza sativa L. var. glutinosa Matsum. as female parent, by often Rule plastic film to two leaves wholeheartedly time throw off mulch film;
(3) DS89-1 Oryza sativa L. var. glutinosa Matsum. rice shoot length to five leaves wholeheartedly time be transplanted in the big row described in step (1), its In every big row plant the little row of DS89-1 Oryza sativa L. var. glutinosa Matsum. rice shoot two, the strain of every nest two;When wild rice and DS89-1 Oryza sativa L. var. glutinosa Matsum. florescence When meeting, between at 11 in the morning at 1 in afternoon, hybridization pollination mode routinely, make wild rice and DS89-1 Oryza sativa L. var. glutinosa Matsum. hybridizes;
(4), after DS89-1 Oryza sativa L. var. glutinosa Matsum. produced seed complete ripeness results, DS89-1 Oryza sativa L. var. glutinosa Matsum. rice stub is treaded in earth in the ranks In make fertilizer;Wild rice rice stub is retained to Tanaka, outdoor wintering;
(5) Second Year again with the wild rice rice stub after step (4) described outdoor wintering as male parent, with DS89-1 The produced seed of Oryza sativa L. var. glutinosa Matsum. is maternal, uses the method hybridization described in step (3)~(4);
(6) hereafter method as described in step (5), the wild rice rice stub after outdoor wintering in above a year is Male parent, within above 1 year, maternal produced seed is maternal, repeats to hybridize 3~5 years, obtains more year recycled water seed rice Son.
In above-mentioned breeding method, described step (3) also include use plant growth regulator make wild rice and DS89-1 Oryza sativa L. var. glutinosa Matsum. flower synchronization.
In above-mentioned breeding method, in described step (3), during hybridization pollination, temperature should be not less than 23 DEG C.
The nursery implantation methods getting over year recycled water rice of the present invention, comprises the steps:
(1) will more year recycled water rice plastic film routinely, two leaves wholeheartedly time throw off mulch film, during five leaves and Time transplant to land for growing field crops, plant into wide row 13~17 cun, narrow row 6~7 cun, row are away from 6~7 cun, by land for growing field crops before wherein transplanting Use sufficient base fertilizer, based on fertilizer, not spraying fertilizer;The time of described plastic film is on the ground in rice harves one season District in early March nursery or in the area in rice harves two season in early Febuary nursery or in rice harves three season Area in early January nursery;
(2) forbid the time of infertility to fill deep water, manage routinely and apply fertilizer;Rice stub need to be retained when gathering in the crops per season Oryza glutinosa 18~25cm;In first 15 days of last season rice harves then, mu executes fertile 9~10 kilograms of rudiment, treats base portion rudiment Rear results Oryza glutinosa;
(3) use the management by methods Oryza sativa L. described in step (2) the most every year, to obtain final product.
In above-mentioned nursery implantation methods, in described step (2), rudiment fertilizer is carbamide.
The more year recycled water rice that breeding method of the present invention obtains, according to described nursery implantation methods kind The Oryza sativa L. planted, has the advantage that
(1) yield was high: yield is higher than DS89-1 Oryza sativa L. var. glutinosa Matsum., received Ji Dao district plantation, annual mu in 1 year Produce 500~600 kilograms, reach as high as 800 kilograms;Plant in a Nian Shou Liang Jidao district, annual per mu yield 1200~1400 kilograms, reach as high as per mu yield 1500 kilograms;The plantation of three Ji Dao districts, annual mu is received in 1 year Produce 1300~1500 kilograms, reach as high as per mu yield 1800 kilograms.Simultaneously because rice straw increases slightly year by year, therefore water Rice yield raises year by year.
(2) rice milling yield is high: because rice husk is the thinnest, polished rice rate is up to more than 72%.
(3) rice is of fine quality: Oryza sativa L. freezes through outdoor wintering frost and snow for many years, makes quality of rice improve, and protein is high Reaching 8.92%, total amino acid content reaches 7.89%, hence it is evident that be better than the rice matter of DS89-1 Oryza sativa L. var. glutinosa Matsum..
(4) cold tolerance is strong: because its male parent wild rice has Cold resistant genes, so cold tolerance extra-heavy, dew It (-6 DEG C) rice stub of surviving the winter will not be dead, can normal sprout growth after Second Year beginning of spring.
(5) drought-resistant ability is strong: also can normal growth in the deep moistening nonirrigated farmland of soil.
(6) resistant to lodging by force: because its male parent wild rice has a gene of well developed root system, therefore rice stalk is thick and hard, Will not lodge.
(7) blast resisting is strong: the time of infertility can be without rice blast medicine.
(8) year regeneration is got over: rice stub can be got over and regenerate more than 5~10 years in year, and no-tillage no is planted and significantly reduced rice The agriculture labor intensity when double rush for harvesting and sowing season, greatly reduce Rice Production must plough a field every year, transplant seedlings, seedling, Seed, the production cost of mulch film, thus improve the economic benefit of Rice Production.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with detailed description of the invention, the summary of the invention of the present invention is described in further detail.Should be understood that this Inventive embodiment is served only for illustrating the present invention without limiting the present invention, in the situation without departing from the technology of the present invention thought Under, according to ordinary skill knowledge and customary means, the various replacements made and change, all should be included in this In the range of invention.
The cultivation of embodiment 1 more year recycled water rice
(1) the leeward big infertile field having water source to ensure on the sunny side is selected, by containing cold-resistant and well developed root system gene open country Raw rice as male parent, at temperature more than 15 DEG C, plastic film, uses sufficient base fertilizer;Five leaves wholeheartedly time by wild rice Transplanting into the big row of 1.2 meters wide, the strain of every nest one, row are 7~8 cun away from (moving back nest);
(2) after step (1) described wild rice is transplanted 1 month, using DS89-1 Oryza sativa L. var. glutinosa Matsum. as female parent, by often Rule plastic film to two leaves wholeheartedly time throw off mulch film;
(3) DS89-1 Oryza sativa L. var. glutinosa Matsum. rice shoot length to five leaves wholeheartedly time be transplanted between the big row described in step (1), Wherein every big row plants the little row of DS89-1 Oryza sativa L. var. glutinosa Matsum. rice shoot two, the strain of every nest two;When wild rice and DS89-1 Oryza sativa L. var. glutinosa Matsum. flower (if the florescence can not meet, then use plant growth regulator to regulate) when phase meets, in point in the morning 11 Between at 1 in afternoon, when temperature reaches more than 23 DEG C, hybridization pollination mode routinely, make wild rice and DS89-1 Oryza sativa L. var. glutinosa Matsum. hybridizes;
(4), after DS89-1 Oryza sativa L. var. glutinosa Matsum. produced seed complete ripeness results, DS89-1 Oryza sativa L. var. glutinosa Matsum. rice stub is treaded in earth in the ranks In make fertilizer;Wild rice rice stub is retained to Tanaka, outdoor wintering;
(5) Second Year again with the wild rice rice stub after step (4) described outdoor wintering as male parent, with DS89-1 The produced seed of Oryza sativa L. var. glutinosa Matsum. is maternal, uses the method hybridization described in step (3)~(4);
(6) hereafter method as described in step (5), the wild rice rice stub after outdoor wintering in above a year is Male parent, within above 1 year, maternal produced seed is maternal, repeats to hybridize 3~5 years, obtains more year recycled water seed rice Son.
The nursery plantation of year recycled water rice is got in embodiment 2 one Ji Dao district
(1) selecting more than 60 mus as experimental field in Ma Guan town, Zhong County, Chongqing, Oryza sativa L. produces a season.Embodiment 1 is trained Educate more year recycled water rice at the mid-March of plastic film routinely, two leaves wholeheartedly time throw off mulch film, during five leaves Transplant to land for growing field crops in time, plant into wide row 13~17 cun, narrow row 6~7 cun, arrange away from (moving back nest) 6~7 cun, Qi Zhongyi Before Zaiing, land for growing field crops is used sufficient base fertilizer, based on fertilizer, not spraying fertilizer;
(2) forbid the time of infertility to fill deep water, manage routinely and apply fertilizer;Oryza sativa L. complete ripeness at the beginning of 9 months by the end of August;Oryza sativa L. Gathering in the crops first 15 days, mu executes fertile 9~10 kilograms of rudiment, gathers in the crops Oryza glutinosa after base portion rudiment, and rice stub retains 18~25cm;
(3) use the management by methods Oryza sativa L. described in step (2) the most every year, to obtain final product.
The yield of plantation period 1-7 Oryza sativa L. is as shown in table 1.
The yield of table 1 one Ji Dao Qu Yuenian regeneration Oryza sativa L. 1-7
During planting, annual rice stub without lodging phenomenon, need not use anti-rice blast medicine, through outdoor wintering substantially (temperature as little as-6 DEG C) rice stub is without death, and rice straw increases slightly year by year.After 7th year, rice stub still survival, can Normal growth produces rice, the longest survives, produces rice to more than 15 years.
The nursery plantation of year recycled water rice is got in embodiment 3 Liang Jidao district
(1) selecting more than 80 mus as experimental field at Chenzhou, Hunan Province, Oryza sativa L. produced for two seasons.That embodiment 1 is cultivated gets over Year recycled water rice at the mid-February of plastic film routinely, two wholeheartedly time throw off mulch film, transplant in time during five leaves To land for growing field crops, plant into wide row 13~17 cun, narrow row 6~7 cun, arrange away from (moving back nest) 6~7 cun, will be big before wherein transplanting Field uses sufficient base fertilizer, based on fertilizer, and not spraying fertilizer;
(2) forbid the time of infertility to fill deep water, manage routinely and apply fertilizer;Oryza sativa L. first season complete ripeness is i.e. gathered in the crops by the end of July, Rice stub retains 18~25cm, management in time and fertilising;Oryza sativa L. second season complete ripeness by the end of October, in the rice harves second season First 15 days, mu executed fertile 9~10 kilograms of rudiment, gathered in the crops Oryza glutinosa, the reservation of falling stake 18~25cm after base portion rudiment;
(3) use the management by methods Oryza sativa L. described in step (2) the most every year, to obtain final product.
The yield of plantation period 1-7 Oryza sativa L. is as shown in table 2.
The yield of year regeneration Oryza sativa L. 1-7 is got in table 2 Liang Jidao district
During planting, annual rice stub without lodging phenomenon, need not use anti-rice blast medicine, through outdoor wintering substantially (temperature as little as-6 DEG C) rice stub is without death, and rice straw increases slightly year by year.After 7th year, rice stub still survival, Rice can be produced by normal growth, the longest survive, produce rice to more than 14 years.
The nursery plantation of year recycled water rice is got in embodiment 4 triple cropping of rice district
(1) selecting more than 100 mus as experimental field at Sanya, Hainan, Oryza sativa L. produced for three seasons.Embodiment 1 is cultivated More year recycled water rice at the mid-January of plastic film routinely, two leaves wholeheartedly time throw off mulch film, timely during five leaves Transplant to land for growing field crops, plant into wide row 13~17 cun, narrow row 6~7 cun, arrange away from (moving back nest) 6~7 cun, before wherein transplanting Land for growing field crops is used sufficient base fertilizer, based on fertilizer, not spraying fertilizer;
(2) forbid the time of infertility to fill deep water, manage routinely and apply fertilizer;Oryza sativa L. first season complete ripeness is i.e. gathered in the crops by the end of May, The reservation of falling stake 18~25cm, management in time and fertilising;Oryza sativa L. second season complete ripeness results, the reservation of falling stake by the end of July 18~25cm, management in time and fertilising;Third quarter Oryza sativa L. complete ripeness by the end of October, in third quarter rice harves first 15 days, Mu executes fertile 9~10 kilograms of rudiment, gathers in the crops Oryza glutinosa, the reservation of falling stake 18~25cm after base portion rudiment;
(3) use the management by methods Oryza sativa L. described in step (2) the most every year, to obtain final product.
The yield of plantation period 1-7 Oryza sativa L. is as shown in table 3.
The yield of year regeneration Oryza sativa L. 1-7 is got in table 3 Liang Jidao district
During planting, annual rice stub without lodging phenomenon, need not use anti-rice blast medicine, through outdoor wintering substantially (minimum temperature is 15 DEG C) rice stub is without death, and rice straw increases slightly year by year.After 7th year, rice stub still survival, Rice can be produced by normal growth, the longest survive, produce rice to more than 16 years.
The rice milling yield of the produced Oryza glutinosa of embodiment 2~4 is polished rice more than 72%, and protein content is 8.92%, meter Zhi Da Ministry of Agriculture's high-quality one-level rice standard, table 4 is that Ministry of Agriculture's food quality supervision verification test center (Chengdu) is to rice matter Survey report.
The survey report of 4 meters of matter of table
The rice shoot of more year recycled water rice incubation of the present invention also can be planted in dry land, and Oryza glutinosa is big after receiving In the ranks can plant vegetable and vernal crop diversity, after vernal crop diversity and vegetable are received, answer application in time, pour water, weeding etc..
The plantation of embodiment 5DS89-1 Oryza sativa L. var. glutinosa Matsum.
(1) selecting more than 85 mus as experimental field in Zhong County, Chongqing, Oryza sativa L. produces a season.By DS89-1 Oryza sativa L. var. glutinosa Matsum. seed At the mid-March of plastic film routinely, two leaves wholeheartedly time throw off mulch film, transplant to land for growing field crops in time during five leaves, plant into Wide row 13~17 cun, narrow row 6~7 cun, arrange away from (moving back nest) 6~7 cun, before wherein transplanting, land for growing field crops is used sufficient base fertilizer, Based on fertilizer, not spraying fertilizer;
(2) forbid the time of infertility to fill deep water, manage routinely and apply fertilizer;Gather in the crops after Oryza sativa L. complete ripeness by the end of August, rice stub Retain 18~25cm;
(3) use the management by methods Oryza sativa L. described in step (2) the most every year, to obtain final product.
First Year Oryza sativa L. per mu yield 420 kgs/acre, 2-7 annual per mu yield be respectively 423 kilograms, 440 kilograms, 445 kilograms, 450 kilograms, 463 kilograms, 475 kilograms.
During planting, annual rice stub is substantially without lodging phenomenon, through outdoor wintering (temperature as little as-6 DEG C) rice Stake is without dead, but has slight rice blast, needs to use anti-rice blast medicine, and rice straw increases slightly year by year.The longest survive, Produce rice to more than 12 years.
Detecting through Ministry of Agriculture's rice and quality of item supervision and inspection center, the rice milling yield of Oryza glutinosa is polished rice 71.9%, protein content is 8.7%, and rice matter is the rice matter of rice not as described in embodiment 2~4.
DS89-1 Oryza sativa L. var. glutinosa Matsum. is planted respectively in Liang Jidao district and triple cropping of rice district, its in per season Oryza sativa L. yield and meter Zhi Jun Get over year regeneration Oryza sativa L. the most as described in the present invention.Also i other words, use that breeding method of the present invention obtains more Year recycled water rice, according to the Oryza sativa L. of described nursery implantation methods plantation, its rice yield is high, and rice is of fine quality Good, it is better than DS89-1 Oryza sativa L. var. glutinosa Matsum..

Claims (3)

1. the breeding method getting over year recycled water rice, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) select leeward have the big infertile field that water source ensures on the sunny side, using the wild rice containing cold-resistant and well developed root system gene as male parent, at temperature more than 15 DEG C, plastic film, use sufficient base fertilizer;Five leaves wholeheartedly time wild rice transplanted into the big row of 1.2 meters wide, the strain of every nest one, row are away from for 7 ~ 8 cun;
(2) step (1) described wild rice was transplanted after 1 month, using DS89-1 Oryza sativa L. var. glutinosa Matsum. as female parent, routinely plastic film to two leaves wholeheartedly time throw off mulch film;
(3) DS89-1 Oryza sativa L. var. glutinosa Matsum. rice shoot length to five leaves wholeheartedly time be transplanted in the big row described in step (1), wherein every big row plants the little row of DS89-1 Oryza sativa L. var. glutinosa Matsum. rice shoot two, the strain of every nest two;When wild rice and DS89-1 Oryza sativa L. var. glutinosa Matsum. flower synchronization, between at 11 in the morning at 1 in afternoon, hybridization pollination mode routinely, make wild rice and the hybridization of DS89-1 Oryza sativa L. var. glutinosa Matsum.;
(4), after DS89-1 Oryza sativa L. var. glutinosa Matsum. produced seed complete ripeness results, DS89-1 Oryza sativa L. var. glutinosa Matsum. rice stub is treaded in and in the ranks earth makees fertilizer;Wild rice rice stub is retained to Tanaka, outdoor wintering;
(5) Second Year again with the wild rice rice stub after step (4) outdoor wintering as male parent, with the produced seed of DS89-1 Oryza sativa L. var. glutinosa Matsum. as female parent, use described in step (3) ~ (4) method hybridization;
(6) hereafter method as described in step (5), the wild rice rice stub after outdoor wintering in above a year is male parent, and within above 1 year, maternal produced seed is female parent, repeats to hybridize 3 ~ 5 years, obtains more year recycled water rice.
Breeding method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described step (3) also includes using plant growth regulator to make wild rice and DS89-1 Oryza sativa L. var. glutinosa Matsum. flower synchronization.
Breeding method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in described step (3), during hybridization pollination, temperature should be not less than 23 DEG C.
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