CN1512922A - Method for producing forgings mainly made of metals and alloys of titanium group and forging system for carrying out said method - Google Patents
Method for producing forgings mainly made of metals and alloys of titanium group and forging system for carrying out said method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1512922A CN1512922A CNA028112350A CN02811235A CN1512922A CN 1512922 A CN1512922 A CN 1512922A CN A028112350 A CNA028112350 A CN A028112350A CN 02811235 A CN02811235 A CN 02811235A CN 1512922 A CN1512922 A CN 1512922A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/08—Accessories for handling work or tools
- B21J13/10—Manipulators
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/04—Shaping in the rough solely by forging or pressing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/02—Dies or mountings therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J7/00—Hammers; Forging machines with hammers or die jaws acting by impact
- B21J7/02—Special design or construction
- B21J7/14—Forging machines working with several hammers
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Abstract
The invention relates to metal-forming process. The inventive method for producing forging consists in heating a billet and forging said billet with the aid of a press provided with two manipulators in several passes by four-side reduction in four-headed forging devices associated with macro-shears of metal in a transversal direction with respect to the plane of the billet. Forging is carried out within an acceptable temperature range in two stages i.e. a rough forging is carried out in the first stage, at the second stage, a final forging is carried out by enclosing from 40 to 100 % of the perimeter of the cross-section of the billet by each pair of the working surfaces of the heads for each single reduction. The inventive forging system comprises a forging press provided with top and bottom plates which have locks for arranging and fixing forging tools, a movable tool table for positioning changeable forging tools thereon which are embodied in the form of two or more four-headed forging devices and one or two manipulators. One or more four-headed forging devices for rough forging and one four-headed forging device for final forging are disposed on the positions of the tool table. The free space between the heads of the final forging device within the cross section thereof, when the heads are in the closed position, is selected such that it is 1.1-1.4 times less than the free space between the heads of the rough forging device. The working surface of each head of the rough forging device is embodied in the form of a plane parallel to the reference plane of the head, and two lateral planes adjacent thereto and arranged on two sides thereof at an angle of 135-170 DEG .
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the field of metal non-cutting shaping, and relate to especially from ingot and the forging stock of preliminary deformation is produced forging during forging combined unit method, and these combined units are by becoming with one or two manipulator and the hydraulic forging mechanism that is equipped with four hammer body forging apparatus.
Background technology
The present invention can be in machine-building and metallurgical industry for the production of mainly by the forging of titanium subgroup (titanium, zirconium and hafnium) metal and alloy preparation, and can be for the production of the forging of niobium, tantalum and alloy thereof. When preheating before distortion and during self thermal deformation, all these can activated adoption gas and at high temperature oxidation at its suprabasil metal and alloy.
Document has advised producing the production method for generation of the zircaloy forging stock of nuclear power reactor core component-can and other parts. (Zaimovsky A.S., Nikulina A.V..Reshetnikov N.G., Zriconium Alloys In Nuclear Power Engineering, Moscow.Engergoizdat.1981.pp.51-71). This production method comprises by vacuum arc (electron beam) fusing to be produced ingot, makes with forging press or hammering and preheat ingot and produce rod, the hot extrude pressure bar and cold rolling with centre and final hot heat treatment of determining size. The most important stage is the method for producing forging in the production method, comprise preheating ingot to β phase temperature, then zircaloy be β with alpha+beta temperature mutually under, in forging press or hammer, forge the latter. If need to continue to preheat forging stock.
At present in application, because along the drastic deformation processing of the whole cross-sectional direction metal casting of ingot structure, provide high metal quality by the technology of making to produce forging with forging press or hammering.
But however, zirconium and alloy thereof at high temperature can vigorous oxidations, and this has caused the large loss of metal owing to generate oxide skin. In addition, behind descale, need to remove from the forging surface gas zone of saturation. Therefore, after forging the pre-warmed time of ingot (forging stock) longer, for the surface gas zone of saturation that metal quality is had to corresponding to requiring remove just thicker.
Previous FMT of having advised the titanium alloy ingot, it is included in and passes through under 150～250 ℃ the temperature that is higher than ingot material polymorphic transformation temperature with forging press or forging hammer tractive, then heat and carry out initial ingot at the upper final forging process of semi-finished of radial forging (radial-forging machine) and be out of shape (inventors certificate USSR#1541867, c1.B21J/04,1988).
Forge the rear surface quality that radial forging (RFM) can improve forging of using at forging hammer or forging press, thereby obtain correctly and accurately to forge cross section on how much.
Previous production method of having advised forging, the method comprises the ingot heating, is then forging to use the forging press with two manipulators to forge by four limits in four hammer body forging apparatus during several stages, forging apparatus moves with the additional macroscopic view of metal on the forging stock cross section when each the forging, feed in raw material and inclination forging stock (Lazorkin V.A., Ckorniakov Yu. N., Tyurin V.A., Zaluzhny Yu.G., Kulikov V.A., Degtiariova T.V. Increasing of efficiency of forging drawing of billets of special steels and alloys in presses.Magazine " Forging-stamping production ", 1994, #2, pp. 3-5).
Compare with the forging conventional production methods of using forging hammer and forging press, use accuracy and metal productive rate that four hammer body forging apparatus can improve process efficiency, final forging fully.
Also known can be at the forging press of the movable tool table of several change in location, forging combined unit (the Relis S.I. that is positioned at the forging tools on the tool stand and consists of with synchronous two manipulators of forging and pressing operation by being equipped with forging tools, Lapin V.V., Sobolev Yu.V., Means of efficiency improvement of automatic forging complexes application. Review.Moscow.NIImash.1983, pp.2-13.Series C-3.Forging-stanping machine building).
When moving to proceed the instrument variation by the tool stand basis from operator's order of forging and pressing control panel and in the precalculated position, forge combined unit and operate simultaneously forging press and two manipulators with manual, semi-automatic and automatic mode, this causes high-caliber processing mechanization and automation.
Also known forging combined unit comprises: equipment have clamp and fixedly forging tools with the forging press of the upper and lower plates of lock, can be at the movable tool table of several positions change forging toolses, consist of and be positioned at forging tools on the tool stand by two or more four hammer body forging apparatus, and two manipulator (Lazorkin V.A., Ckomiakov Yu.N., Tyurin V.A., Zaluzhny Yu. G., Kulikov V.A., Degtiariova T.V.Increasing of efficiency of forging drawing of billets of special steels and alloys in presses.Magazine " Forging-stamping production ", 1994, #2, pp.3-5).
Compare with the automatic forging combined unit of cutting out hammer body with the tool platform that the equipment tradition is used, this forging combined unit that has been elected to be as prototype of the present invention provides much higher process operation efficient.
But, for this forging combined unit, be difficult to provide geometric height accuracy and the quality of circular cross section forging, and be difficult to eliminate the metal loss as oxide skin, especially when producing the forging of titanium and subgroup alloy.
Summary of the invention
A target of the present invention is to set up a kind of forging combined unit of producing the method for forging and being used for realizing the inventive method based on four hammer body forging apparatus, this device has increased the accuracy of operating efficiency, metal productive rate, forging, and the great surface quality of the circular cross section forging of mainly being made by titanium and subgroup alloy.
When the forging production method of previous suggestion with introduce next stage and below manufacturing parameter when replenishing, can reach a solution of a problem: forge in the forging temperature in the temperature allowable range, to forge compression ratio be 2.0: 1～32.0: 1 for once heating ingot, in two stages, the four hammer body forging apparatus rough forgings that at first are used for rough forging at one or several, then be used for the four hammer body forging apparatus alignments forging that calibration is forged at one, forging compression ratio is 1.05: 1～1.8: 1, and when forging, surround 40～100% of (embracing) forging stock section girth by every group of hammer body workspace at every turn, wherein, described previous production method comprises ingot heating, is then forging to use the forging press with two manipulators to forge by four limits in four hammer body forging apparatus during several stages, and forging apparatus is forging at every turn, having the macroscopic view of additional metal on the forging stock cross section during reinforced and inclination forging stock and move.
When the starting stage at rough forging, the manipulator of controlling ingot adds ingot the workspace of the four hammer body forging apparatus that are used for rough forging, carry out then several times that ingot forges and the inclination stage and reinforced, until the forging part of clamping ingot with another manipulator, the further solution that problem is obtained.
Before the four hammer body forging apparatus that are used for rough forging at one or several forge, carry out the further solution that the forging of ingot can make problem obtain by two hammer bodies.
In addition, in the forging combined unit of formerly suggestion, this device comprise equipment have clamp and fixedly forging tools with the forging press of the upper and lower plates of lock, can be at the movable tool table of several positions change forging toolses, consist of and be positioned at forging tools on the tool stand by two or more four hammer body forging apparatus, and one or two manipulator, proceed following structure and change: in the workspace of tool stand, fix four hammer body forging apparatus that one or several four hammer body forging apparatus that are used for rough forging and at least one be used for using the hammer body calibration to forge, used hammer body working surface repeats the shape of final forging cross section when closing. Simultaneously, be used for to use the free space area of closing between the forging apparatus hammer body that calibration forges less than being used for 1.1～1.4 times of free space area between the forging apparatus hammer body of rough forging, at the hammer body of hammer body closed position and the free space that is used for the minimum area between each hammer body working surface of four hammer body forging apparatus of rough forging to be parallel to the hammer body supporting surface and 135～170. Mode with two sides forms, the further solution that problem is obtained.
At last, when being used for calibrating the four hammer body forging apparatus that forge the circular cross section forging, each has the workspace of two projecting forms with the hammer body of a pair of toward each other symmetric orientation, the workspace is come separately by forming in the hammer body groove, the slit is introduced in inside to the second group of hammer body work protruding segments that is positioned at mutual vertical plane, the working surface of each hammer body in its cross section has with variable radius of curvature concave surface bended shape simultaneously, and the radius of curvature with hammer body working surface of two workspaces is 1.05～1.25 times of radius of curvature of second pair of hammer body working surface, can reach a solution of a problem like this.
Description of drawings
The forging combined unit of forging production method of the present invention and realization the method is described in schematic diagram (Fig. 1～10).
Fig. 1 represents to have the schematic diagram of the forging combined unit of two manipulators, top view;
Fig. 2: the front view with forging press of four hammer body forging apparatus;
Fig. 3: the front view that is fixed on the locational forging press of forging and pressing workspace at the four hammer body forging apparatus that are used for the calibration forging;
Fig. 4: the hammer body of the four hammer body forging apparatus that are used for rough forging of closed position;
Fig. 5: the hammer body of the four hammer body forging apparatus that are used for the calibration forging of closed position;
Fig. 6: be used for the hammer body that four hammer body forging apparatus of the circular cross section forging with crooked working surface are forged in calibration;
Fig. 7: the A-A cross section among Fig. 6;
Fig. 8: the B-B cross section among Fig. 6;
Fig. 9: the C-C cross section among Fig. 7;
Figure 10: the D-D cross section among Fig. 8;
The specific embodiment
In Fig. 6, the diameter of forgings d after dotted line represents to calibrate, and radius of curvature R 1 and the R2 of hammer body workspace is positioned at orthogonal plane in Fig. 9,10.
Forging combined unit comprises forging press 1, manipulator 2,3, has movable tool table 4 (shown in Figure 4), forging tools (four hammer body forging apparatus 5 that several positions forging tools changes ... 8), control panel 9 (Fig. 1). Four hammer body forging apparatus 5 are connected to by special anchor clamps (not shown) on upper 10 and lower 11 plates of forging press and tool stand (Fig. 2). The forging process anteposition defines according to the production method of accepting in the quantity of the locational four hammer body forging apparatus of tool stand. But, should be at least one four hammer body forging apparatus and four hammer body forging apparatus (Fig. 3) that are used for calibration forging 12 for rough forging.
Each hammer body working surface that is used for the forging apparatus of rough forging comprises central area (bc) and from both sides with it with adjacent two sides (bk and cf), ° angle, α=135～170 (Fig. 4).
The free space area that is arranged between the hammer body (F) of the forging apparatus cross section that is used for rough forging with hammer body closed position is indicated by alphabetical abcd at Fig. 4. Being arranged in the free space area between the hammer body (F ') of calibrating the forging apparatus cross section that forges with hammer body closed position is indicated by alphabetical a ' b ' c ' d ' at Fig. 5. Simultaneously, have close hammer body be used for free space area between the forging apparatus hammer body that calibration forges less than being used for 1.1～1.4 times of free space area between the forging apparatus hammer body of rough forging, between the hammer body under the hammer body closed position, have minimum free space area territory, namely keep ratio F/F1=1.1～1.4.
The present invention is at described (Fig. 1 ... Figure 10) forging the method for producing forging in the combined unit is gone on to say as follows. At first make and forge combined unit. For this reason, necessary rough forging and calibration forging four hammer body forging apparatus with required hammer body setting are installed in the tool stand position, and just in that to discharge the ingot (forging stock) preheat to forging temperature from stove front, the forging apparatus 5 of rough forging being used by tool stand 4 is provided to the workspace (Fig. 2) of forging press 1. From Forging Machine plate 9. Operator order partly is connected to the top movable of forging apparatus by special anchor clamps (not shown) on the upper plate 10 of forging press moved cross beam (Fig. 1,2). After having implemented these steps, forging press is prepared operation.
Preheat to the titanium subgroup metal of forging temperature and alloy (titanium, zirconium, hafnium) or niobium, titanium or their alloy ingot and discharged from heating furnace, and be dosed to forging and pressing workspace 1 by manipulator 2, it is forged (Fig. 1) at the four hammer body forging apparatus that are used for rough forging there. In the plastic history after each forging the by manipulator 2, carry out the reinforced of ingot, perhaps after each the forging, carry out the reinforced of ingot and around the inclination of its longitudinal axis. When obtaining the concrete level of ingot elongation, manipulator 3 catch the forging part of ingot and simultaneously manipulator 2 feed in raw material or the inclination of carrying out ingot feed in raw material (Fig. 1). Being 2.0: 1～32.0: 1 times for once heating ingot (additional heating) forging compression ratio, in the forging range of allowing, forge. In two stages, continue to forge, the four hammer body forging apparatus rough forgings that at first are used for rough forging at one or several, then forge at the four hammer body forging apparatus alignments that are used for the calibration forging, forging compression ratio is 1.05: 1～1.8: 1, and every pair of hammer body workspace surrounds 40～100% of (embracing) forging stock section girth when each the forging.
When forging has the ingot of large cross section, can carry out initial forging with two hammer bodies, then forge the intermediate ingot of gained at the four hammer body forging apparatus that are used for rough forging. Do like this is sometimes can not be placed in the workspace of forging press because be used for the four hammer body forging apparatus that rough forging has large cross section ingot.
Calibrate forging with square or rectangular cross section by the hammer body with smooth working surface, and calibrate forging with circular cross section by the hammer body with concave surface bended surface.
When forging the lower forging of compression ratio (Y＞8: 1) at height, at several four hammer body forging apparatus tractive ingots for rough forging. After the four hammer body forging apparatus 5 that are being used for rough forging are finished ingot and are being forged, withdraw from forging stock from the forging press workspace, the movable part of forging apparatus 5 separates with forging press upper plate 1 and withdraws from this device (Fig. 1) from the forging press workspace. Then, the four hammer body forging apparatus 6 that are used for rough forging are introduced into the forging press workspace, and are connected on the plate of forging press 1 by the movable part on its top. After this, continue in forging apparatus 6, to forge forging stock. If necessary, installing again one for behind the four hammer body forging apparatus 7 of rough forging, carry out identical step. At last, after being installed to the forging press workspace, carry out last step-calibration forging 12 (Fig. 3) at the four hammer body forging apparatus 8 that are used for the calibration forging.
Before prepared and be installed in availability and their subsequently application during forging process of the locational forging combined unit of four hammer body forging apparatus tool stands that forges for rough forging and calibration, and provided and in forging temperature, once heated the possibility that ingot just can obtain high elongation rate (forge compression ratio and reach 32: 1). The drastic deformation of heating forging stock occurs during the forging. The violent heating of forging stock compensated during the part forging stock heat of loss was forged in four hammer body forging apparatus by forging stock when cooling off in air simultaneously.
It is irrational forging under less than 2.0: 1 forging compression ratio, because the production of titanium subgroup metal and alloy product is not provided with the forging of essential quality. Be higher than at 32.0: 1 o'clock in the forging compression ratio, it is impossible implementing the ingot forging, because in this case, forging stock is cooled to and is lower than the temperature of forging allowable temperature, and deformation adds thermogenetic shortage of heat to remedy the forging stock heat loss of cooling period. When under less than 1.05: 1 forging compression ratio, calibrating, can not provide high-quality and accurate forging surface, and calibration is enough to reduce the efficient of process operation and causes possible roll marks (collar mark) on the forging stock surface under 1.8: 1 forging compression ratio. When surrounding during each the forging less than 40% forging stock section girth by the every pair of hammer body workspace, can not provide high-quality and accurate forging surface, and the hammer body of this design can not surround the forging stock section girth greater than 100%.
In those situations, when needs forge when forging under the compression ratio (Y＞15: 1) at height, ingot (forging stock) should be short as far as possible, to such an extent as to the maximum admissible length that provides in this equipment is provided final forging length. Then, in the starting stage of rough forging, the manipulator of controlling short ingot is its workspace that adds separately the four hammer body forging apparatus that are used for rough forging, then forges several times and tilt ingot and not charging, until the forging of ingot part is clamped by another manipulator. Then, continue to forge with two manipulators.
At the conversion stage that is swaged to the four hammer body forging apparatus alignments forging of forging for calibration from the four hammer body forging apparatus that are used for rough forging, ratio F/F '=1.10～1.4 provide high-quality forging. Wherein, F, F ' are the spatial areas between the hammer body of the four hammer body forging apparatus cross sections that forge for rough forging and calibration.
In F/F '＜1.10 o'clock, can not after calibration, provide high-quality forging surface quality.
In F/F '＞1.4 o'clock, the operating efficiency of process reduces, and roll marks can occur on the surface of forging.
At the four hammer body forging apparatus that are used for rough forging, each hammer body has the working surface (Fig. 4) that is produced by three faces. Two sides are adjacent with angle and the median plane of α=135～170 °. When α＜135 °, roll marks can occur on the surface of forging, and when α＞170 °, can not provide high forging compression ratio at four hammer body forging apparatus that are used for rough forging.
In order to produce the circular cross section forging that the diameter with great surface quality and high size accuracy is d (dotting among Fig. 6), at the four hammer body forging apparatus that are used for calibration forging circular cross section forging, each has the workspaces of two outstanding 13 and 14 forms with the hammer body of a pair of toward each other symmetric orientation, they separate by forming in the hammer body groove of width L, the slit is introduced in inside (L) to the second group of hammer body work protruding segments 15 that is positioned at mutual vertical plane, slit parallel with the latter (Fig. 6～8) when needing operation. Simultaneously, the working surface of each hammer body in its cross section has the concave surface bended shape (Fig. 9,10) with variable radius of curvature R 1. And the radius of curvature of the hammer body working surface that is separated by groove (L) is the radius of curvature of second group of hammer body working surface 1.05～1.25 times (Fig. 9,10), therefore kept ratio: R1=(1.05～1.25) R2.
This design of calibration hammer body allows between final alignment epoch compensation forging stock small (but existence) to broaden.
When R1＜1.5R2, can not obtain the remarkable increase of forging accuracy and surface quality.
When R1＞1.25R2, surface quality degenerates and the forging accuracy reduces.
The embodiment of commercial Application of the present invention
The zircaloy E110 ingot that diameter is 450 millimeters is cut into three equal parts, each 1165 millimeters long (L=1165 millimeter), then, these forging are preheated to 950 ℃ of temperature in the electric power batch furnace, and forging automatic the forging in the combined unit, this device comprises two four hammer body forging apparatus and four hammer body forging apparatus that are used for the calibration forging of being used for rough forging; The hydraulic forging machine of 1250 ton forces, and two forging machinery hand and forging presses that operate simultaneously each other.
The weight of casting forging stock is 1205 kilograms. According to the present invention, have close hammer body be used for free space area between the forging apparatus hammer body that calibration forges less than 1.2 times of the free space area between the hammer body of second the four hammer body forging apparatus that is used for rough forging (namely at the forging apparatus that is used for rough forging that has the minimum area free space between two similar installation hammer bodies under the hammer body closed condition). The working surface that is used for four each hammer body of hammer body forging apparatus of rough forging consists of by the central surface that is parallel to the hammer body supporting surface with 135～170 ° angle, two sides adjacent to central surface. When needs production diameter is 113 millimeters circular forging, use four hammer body forging apparatus in order to calibrate, a pair of hammer body has two workspaces that separated by groove, and second pair hammer body is positioned on orthogonal-workspace. Simultaneously, the radius of curvature on first pair of hammer body concave surface bended surface is 1.15 times of radius of curvature on second pair of hammer body concave surface bended surface, namely keeps ratio: R1=1.15 R2.
Forging diameter according to following scheme is 450 millimeters foundry goods forging stock: 113 millimeters of 450 millimeters → 360 * 360 millimeters → 290 * 290 millimeters → 220 * 220 millimeters → 160 * 160 millimeters → 120 * 120 millimeters → of ingot .
Forge with two stages: at first at two four hammer body forging apparatus rough forgings that are used for rough forging, then forge being used for the four hammer body forging apparatus alignments that calibration forges. Total forging compression ratio is 15.9: 1. Forge the forging stock (forging compression ratio 3.28: 1) that cross sectional dimensions reaches 220 * 220 millimeters for first forging apparatus continuation of rough forging, and reaching 120 * 120 millimeters forging stock at second the four hammer body forging apparatus continuation forging cross sectional dimensions that is used for rough forging. In second stage, be the forging (forging compression ratio 1.44: 1) that 120 * 120 millimeters square forging stock is forged into 113 millimeters of diameters being used for four hammer body forging apparatus that calibration forges with cross section. During calibration process, continue the forging stock section girth by the encirclement 80～90% when forging of every pair of hammer body workspace at every turn.
After forging, produce from the diameter of gained is 113 millimeters forging by mechanical treatment and to have aperture 28.50.5Millimeter, diameter 109-0.5Millimeter and length are 190 millimeters forging stock.
The operating efficiency of forging process is 4681 kg/hrs, diameter tolerance is no more than ± and 1 millimeter, productive rate is 84.6%.
Then, have 9.13 * 7.72 millimeter tube that satisfy TU95.2594-96 requirement quality with above-mentioned forging stock production.
Comparatively speaking, the technical process of producing alloy E110 forging is used as basic subject and accepts, and can obtain in JSC " Chepetsky Mechanical Plant ". In this technical process, pre-warmed ingot preheats at the ingot second portion and lower at first is forged into the forging with 110 * 110 millimeters of square cross sections with the hammer of 5 tons of drop section area quality. Then, these forging stocks are preheated and be forged into diameter 117 with the smooth hammer body of 3 tons of drop section area quality+0.5Millimeter. After forging, produce from the diameter of gained is 113 millimeters forging by mechanical treatment and to have aperture 28.50.5Millimeter, diameter 109-0.5Millimeter and length are 190 millimeters forging stock. The operating efficiency of forging process is 2036 kg/hrs, diameter tolerance is no more than ± and 5 millimeters, production efficiency is 69.4%. Therefore, compare with the basic fundamental process, the operating efficiency of forging process has increased by 2.3 times, and the dimensional tolerance of forging cross section has reduced by 5 times, and metal yield has increased by 15.2%.
Table 1 and 2 has illustrated the experimental data (production method and forging combined unit) that meets effect of the present invention.
Table 1
| Experiment | Total compression ratio Y ∑ that forges | The forging compression ratio YK of calibration | The forging stock cross section girth encirclement rate of calibration, % | Operating efficiency, kg/h | Productive rate, % | Diameter tolerance, ± mm | Remarks |
| 1 | 15.9∶1 | 1.44∶1 | 80～90 | 4681 | 84.6 | 1 | |
| 2 | 15.9∶1 | 1.8∶1 | 80～90 | 4170 | 84.1 | 1 | |
| 3 | 15.9∶1 | 1.9∶1 | 60～90 | - | - | - | There is foreign impurity on the forging surface, substandard products |
| 4 | 15.9∶1 | 1.05∶1 | 80～90 | 4695 | 84.3 | 1 | |
| 5 | 15.9∶1 | 1.03∶1 | 80～90 | - | - | - | There is ridge on the forging surface, substandard products |
| 6 | 1.8∶1 | 1.12∶1 | 80～90 | - | - | - | Because casting structure processing is not enough, metal quality is bad |
| 7 | 33∶1 | 1.4∶1 | 80～90 | - | - | - | Forging is cooled to be lower than the temperature of allowing. Forging stops |
| 8 | 15.9∶1 | 1.4∶1 | 30 | 3900 | 83.1 | 2 | There is the hammer body seal on the forging surface |
| 9 | 25.2∶1 | 1.6∶1 | 60～80 | 4190 | 84.5 | 1 | Carrying out ingot by two hammer bodies before forging in four hammer body forging apparatus forges |
| 10 basic subjects | 15.9∶1 | - | - | 2036 | 69.4 | 5 | There is the coarse hammer body marking on the forging surface |
| 11 prototypes | 15.9∶1 | - | - | 3350 | 80.1 | 2～3 | There is the hammer body marking on the forging surface |
Table 2
| Experiment | F/F/, unit | α, degree | R1/R2, unit | Operating efficiency, kg/h | Diameter tolerance, ± mm | Remarks |
| 1 | 1.2 | 135 | 1.15 | 4681 | 1 | |
| 2 | 1.2 | 125 | 1.15 | - | - | There is foreign impurity on the forging surface, substandard products |
| 3 | 1.2 | 170 | 1.15 | 4675 | 1 | |
| 4 | 1.2 | 180 | 1.15 | - | - | Forging is not forged to required d size |
| 5 | 1.1 | 135 | 1.15 | 4610 | 1 | |
| 6 | 1.4 | 155 | 1.15 | 4320 | 1 | |
| 7 | 1.5 | 155 | 1.15 | 3800 | 1 | There is foreign impurity on the forging surface |
| 8 | 1.2 | 135 | 1.04 | 4600 | 2 | There is the hammer body marking on the forging surface |
| 9 | 1.2 | 135 | 1.3 | 4680 | 2 | Forging surface quality is dissatisfied |
| 10 basic subjects | - | - | - | 2036 | 5 | The forging surface stays the coarse marking of hammer body |
| 11 prototypes | - | - | - | 3350 | 2～3 | There is the hammer body marking on the forging surface |
Compare with basic subject with prototype, production of the present invention mainly is that the method for titanium subgroup and alloy forged piece and the forging combined unit of realizing the method make operating efficiency increase that 1.4～2.3 times, metal yield have increased by 2～15.2%, the tolerance of forging cross sectional dimensions has reduced by 2～5 times, and improved the surface quality of forging.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of method of producing mainly the forging of being made by metal and the alloy of titanium subgroup, it comprises the ingot heating, is then forging to use the forging press with two manipulators to forge by four limits in four hammer body forging apparatus during several stages, described forging apparatus each is forging, is having the macroscopic view of additional metal on the forging stock cross section during reinforced and inclination forging stock and move, wherein forge under the forging temperature in permissible range, to forge compression ratio be 2.0: 1～32.0: 1 for once heating ingot, in two stages, the four hammer body forging apparatus rough forgings that at first are used for rough forging at one or several, then be used for the four hammer body forging apparatus alignments forging that calibration is forged at one, forging compression ratio is 1.05: 1～1.8: 1, and the workspace of every pair of hammer body comprises 40～100% of forging stock section girth when each the forging.
2, the method for claim 1, wherein in starting stage of rough forging, the manipulator of controlling ingot once adds workspace for four hammer body forging apparatus of rough forging with ingot, then carry out several times ingot swaging and inclination stage and reinforced, until clamp the forging part of ingot with another manipulator.
3, claim 1 or 2 method wherein before one or several four hammer body forging apparatus that are used for rough forging forge, are carried out the forging of ingot with two hammer bodies.
4, a kind of forging combined unit, it comprise with clamp and fixedly forging tools with the upper and lower plates of lock, can change in several positions forging toolses movable tool table, be positioned at the forging tools and one or two manipulator that are consisted of by two or more four hammer body forging apparatus on the tool stand, one or several four hammer body forging apparatus that are used for rough forging and at least one four hammer body forging apparatus that calibration is forged that are used for hammer body wherein are installed in the workspace of tool stand, and its working surface repeats the shape of final forging cross section when closing; Simultaneously, have close hammer body be used for free space area between the forging apparatus hammer body that calibration forges less than 1.1～1.4 times of free space area that are used between the forging apparatus hammer body of rough forging, the free space that between the hammer body of hammer body closed position, has minimum area, and be parallel to the hammer body supporting surface with face and form 135～170 ° of modes with two sides at each the hammer body working surface of four hammer body forging apparatus that is used for rough forging.
5, the forging combined unit of claim 4, wherein at the four hammer body forging apparatus that are used for calibration forging circular cross section forging, each has the workspace of two projecting forms with the hammer body of a pair of toward each other symmetric orientation, the workspace is come separately by forming in the hammer body groove, introduces the slit to the inside of the second group of hammer body work protruding segments that is positioned at mutual vertical plane; Simultaneously the working surface of each hammer body in its cross section has the variable concave surface bended shape of radius of curvature, and the radius of curvature with hammer body working surface of two workspaces is 1.05～1.25 times of radius of curvature that are higher than second pair of hammer body working surface.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| RU2002108590/02A RU2220020C1 (en) | 2002-04-04 | 2002-04-04 | Method of manufacture of forgings, predominantly out of metals and alloys of titanium subgroup and forging complex for performing the same |
| RU2002108590 | 2002-04-04 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1512922A true CN1512922A (en) | 2004-07-14 |
| CN1246104C CN1246104C (en) | 2006-03-22 |
Family
ID=28787242
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB028112350A Expired - Fee Related CN1246104C (en) | 2002-04-04 | 2002-08-15 | Method for producing forgings mainly made of metals and alloys of titanium group and forging system for carrying out said method |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20040139781A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1491272A1 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20040093654A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1246104C (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2449107A1 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2220020C1 (en) |
| UA (1) | UA73393C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2003084696A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102794380A (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2012-11-28 | 张家港市九鼎机械有限公司 | Block type multidirectional forging device |
| CN104325054A (en) * | 2013-06-24 | 2015-02-04 | Sms米尔股份有限公司 | Four-die tool and forging press |
| CN113333652A (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2021-09-03 | 陕西斯坦特生物科技有限公司 | Radial forging and blank making method of hip joint handle forging based on radial forging hammer |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2849866B1 (en) * | 2003-01-13 | 2006-01-13 | Cezus Co Europ Zirconium | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING A ZIRCONIUM ALLOY PRODUCT FOR PRODUCING A LONG PRODUCT AND USE THEREOF |
| ITSV20040001A1 (en) * | 2004-01-12 | 2004-04-12 | Ultraflex Spa | MULTI-FILM HELICAL CABLE IN PARTICULAR FOR MECHANICAL MOVEMENT TRANSMISSION |
| US20090071219A1 (en) * | 2007-09-14 | 2009-03-19 | Western Canada Machining Inc. | Apparatus and method for forging premium coupling blanks |
| UA98409C2 (en) * | 2011-02-14 | 2012-05-10 | Виктор Андреевич ЛАЗОРКИН | Method for producing forgings |
| RU2564189C1 (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2015-09-27 | Акционерное общество "Высокотехнологический научно-исследовательский институт неорганических материалов имени академика А.А. Бочвара", RU | Method of manufacturing of pipe products out of hafnium |
| ES2832499T3 (en) * | 2015-04-06 | 2021-06-10 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Hot forging die and hot forging procedure |
| EP3281719B1 (en) * | 2015-04-06 | 2020-09-23 | Hitachi Metals, Ltd. | Hot forging die and hot forging method |
| JP6521369B2 (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2019-05-29 | 日立金属株式会社 | Hot forging die |
| CZ2015677A3 (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2017-02-01 | Vysoká Škola Báňská - Technická Univerzita Ostrava | A method of producing forged rectangular boards made of hollow ingots |
| CN110193579B (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2020-11-06 | 天津重型装备工程研究有限公司 | Integrated forging method for transition section and barrel of hydrogenation reactor |
| CN116984537B (en) * | 2023-09-26 | 2023-12-22 | 定襄县国强锻压有限公司 | Free forging manufacturing method for shaft forge piece |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3626746A (en) * | 1969-02-25 | 1971-12-14 | Fives Lille Cail | Work reducing and shaping apparatus |
| DE2112743C3 (en) * | 1971-03-17 | 1975-02-20 | Langenstein & Schemann Ag, 8630 Coburg | Forging device for stretching a long, billet-shaped preliminary workpiece with a manipulator on only one side of a forging press |
| SU810353A1 (en) * | 1978-10-20 | 1981-03-07 | Орловский Филиал Всесоюзного Заоч-Ного Машиностроительного Института(Оф Взми) | Forging unit |
| SU1402400A1 (en) * | 1985-11-04 | 1988-06-15 | Украинский Научно-Исследовательский Институт Специальных Сталей,Сплавов И Ферросплавов | Method of radial forging |
| RU2003417C1 (en) * | 1990-12-14 | 1993-11-30 | Всероссийский институт легких сплавов | Method of making forged semifinished products of cast ti-al alloys |
| RU2008994C1 (en) * | 1992-06-04 | 1994-03-15 | Тюрин Валерий Александрович | Method for radial hammering |
| AT408852B (en) * | 2000-06-23 | 2002-03-25 | Gfm Beteiligungs & Man Gmbh | METHOD FOR FORGING A METAL WORKPIECE |
| JP3659921B2 (en) * | 2002-01-15 | 2005-06-15 | 東邦チタニウム株式会社 | Method for manufacturing target titanium material |
-
2002
- 2002-04-04 RU RU2002108590/02A patent/RU2220020C1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-08-15 KR KR10-2004-7000947A patent/KR20040093654A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-08-15 CA CA002449107A patent/CA2449107A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-08-15 US US10/477,731 patent/US20040139781A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-08-15 UA UA2003065437A patent/UA73393C2/en unknown
- 2002-08-15 EP EP02756038A patent/EP1491272A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-08-15 CN CNB028112350A patent/CN1246104C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-08-15 WO PCT/RU2002/000389 patent/WO2003084696A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102794380A (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2012-11-28 | 张家港市九鼎机械有限公司 | Block type multidirectional forging device |
| CN102794380B (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2013-07-24 | 张家港市九鼎机械有限公司 | Block type multidirectional forging device |
| CN104325054A (en) * | 2013-06-24 | 2015-02-04 | Sms米尔股份有限公司 | Four-die tool and forging press |
| CN104325054B (en) * | 2013-06-24 | 2017-04-19 | Sms米尔股份有限公司 | Four-die tool and forging press |
| CN113333652A (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2021-09-03 | 陕西斯坦特生物科技有限公司 | Radial forging and blank making method of hip joint handle forging based on radial forging hammer |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2003084696A1 (en) | 2003-10-16 |
| EP1491272A1 (en) | 2004-12-29 |
| CA2449107A1 (en) | 2003-10-16 |
| CN1246104C (en) | 2006-03-22 |
| UA73393C2 (en) | 2005-07-15 |
| KR20040093654A (en) | 2004-11-06 |
| RU2220020C1 (en) | 2003-12-27 |
| US20040139781A1 (en) | 2004-07-22 |
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