CN1461268A - 运行的胎面安全支撑 - Google Patents

运行的胎面安全支撑 Download PDF

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CN1461268A
CN1461268A CN01816018A CN01816018A CN1461268A CN 1461268 A CN1461268 A CN 1461268A CN 01816018 A CN01816018 A CN 01816018A CN 01816018 A CN01816018 A CN 01816018A CN 1461268 A CN1461268 A CN 1461268A
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carcass plies
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CN1295088C (zh
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P·贝尔纳多
S·德瓣
M·科涅
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Michelin Recherche et Technique SA Switzerland
Societe de Technologie Michelin SAS
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B60C17/00—Tyres characterised by means enabling restricted operation in damaged or deflated condition; Accessories therefor
    • B60C17/04—Tyres characterised by means enabling restricted operation in damaged or deflated condition; Accessories therefor utilising additional non-inflatable supports which become load-supporting in emergency
    • B60C17/06—Tyres characterised by means enabling restricted operation in damaged or deflated condition; Accessories therefor utilising additional non-inflatable supports which become load-supporting in emergency resilient
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
    • B29C45/14631—Coating reinforcements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
    • B29C45/14778—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles the article consisting of a material with particular properties, e.g. porous, brittle
    • B29C45/14786—Fibrous material or fibre containing material, e.g. fibre mats or fibre reinforced material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
    • B29C70/10—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres
    • B29C70/16—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length
    • B29C70/22—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in at least two directions forming a two dimensional structure
    • B29C70/228—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in at least two directions forming a two dimensional structure the structure being stacked in parallel layers with fibres of adjacent layers crossing at substantial angles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B60C17/00—Tyres characterised by means enabling restricted operation in damaged or deflated condition; Accessories therefor
    • B60C17/04—Tyres characterised by means enabling restricted operation in damaged or deflated condition; Accessories therefor utilising additional non-inflatable supports which become load-supporting in emergency
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C17/00—Tyres characterised by means enabling restricted operation in damaged or deflated condition; Accessories therefor
    • B60C17/04—Tyres characterised by means enabling restricted operation in damaged or deflated condition; Accessories therefor utilising additional non-inflatable supports which become load-supporting in emergency
    • B60C17/06—Tyres characterised by means enabling restricted operation in damaged or deflated condition; Accessories therefor utilising additional non-inflatable supports which become load-supporting in emergency resilient
    • B60C17/061—Tyres characterised by means enabling restricted operation in damaged or deflated condition; Accessories therefor utilising additional non-inflatable supports which become load-supporting in emergency resilient comprising lateral openings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2030/00—Pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C17/00—Tyres characterised by means enabling restricted operation in damaged or deflated condition; Accessories therefor
    • B60C17/04—Tyres characterised by means enabling restricted operation in damaged or deflated condition; Accessories therefor utilising additional non-inflatable supports which become load-supporting in emergency
    • B60C17/06—Tyres characterised by means enabling restricted operation in damaged or deflated condition; Accessories therefor utilising additional non-inflatable supports which become load-supporting in emergency resilient
    • B60C2017/068—Tyres characterised by means enabling restricted operation in damaged or deflated condition; Accessories therefor utilising additional non-inflatable supports which become load-supporting in emergency resilient comprising springs, e.g. helical springs

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  • Tires In General (AREA)
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Abstract

一种运行的胎面安全支撑(1)，通过物质转移，在压力下在闭合模中制造，所述支撑(1)有底座(10)，包括加强框架(11)，至少有两个帘布层的加强件(120，121)，其特征在于框架由通过在每个帘布层互相平行，并且在帘布层与下一帘布层相交的加强件形成的格栅(11)组成，结合使用其系数大于30Mpa的聚合体，作为补充所述支撑(1)的材料。

Description

运行的胎面安全支撑
本发明涉及一种在轮胎里使用的、在充气压力损失的情况下支撑负载的胎面承载支撑的制造。更具体地，本发明涉及的支撑，在其底座具有可加强轮胎的加强件产生的基本不可伸长的加强框架(armature)。本发明还涉及制造这种支撑的方法。
欧洲专利申EP 0 796 747公开一种支撑的具体实施例，其由如以饱和链合成橡胶(如EPDM橡胶)为基础的弹性材料制造。该申请的图1及说明书的相应段落示出和说明承载支撑的底座通过基本周向设置的元件加强。
已知生产模制品的不同技术包括：压塑和材料传递模塑法，其还可包括注模和流动模塑(flow moulding)。压塑采用闭合前在模子内导入必要量的橡胶，而注模或流动模塑在导入所需量的橡胶或产品前闭合模子。注模是在给定的压力和温度条件下向闭合模子中注入形成成品的材料；至于流动模塑，与注模不同，实际是在精确的操作条件下将基本产物导入进流动模中，所述基本产物在模子中反应，以产生成品材料。
有关将材料导入闭合模子的不同技术对非均匀的成品不是很有利的，特别是由弹性加强件所加强的产品。所述技术不能很好地适应加强件是互相分开的金属线或缆线帘布层的情况：注入模子的橡胶带动加强件或至少使加强件产生很大的变形和/或移动，因此在实践中不可能保证所述件在成品中的精确定位，并由此也不能保证获得正确的、一致的及可重复的加强性能。这就是，对于由金属线或缆线加强的橡胶部分，将材料注入闭合模子并未显示出其优点和有利于获得高品质产品的一个主要原因。例如，已知尽管许多次努力，但仍没有通过铸造正确地注射或获得普通的轮胎：首先，获得非硬化或相当接近完工的原料坯，原料坯包括嵌在合成橡胶材料不同层之间所需位置的加强件，然后，通过在原料坯周围包裹上硬化模的模制件而进行模制。
为解决在支撑制造过程中使用注入材料技术放置加强件的上述问题，FR98/14244的专利申请提出一种用于加强所述支撑的底座的方法，其基本不可伸长的环形件是以橡胶材料制造的压延帘布层形式来使用，辅助加强件至少部分地设置在周向加强件径向外侧，并且轴向地与设置在支撑主体上的进给点相对。优选的，所述辅助加强件包括，相对圆周方向以大于60度的角度定向并且也是橡胶材料制造的压延帘布层形式的元件。
虽然在承载支撑的正确操作和耐久性所需的精度上取得进展，但上述解决方案从减重、工业***格和所述支撑耐久性的观点看，都不是最佳的。本发明提供另一解决方案，根据材料的选择，其更有利于赋予所述支撑以所需的性能。所述解决方案结合使用由互相相交的加强件形成的格栅(用框架来加强所述支撑底座的方法)，以及使用模量大于30Mpa的聚合体(作为构成支撑的材料)。
所述聚合体的模量是在相对延伸10％时的正割延伸模量；所述模量是依ASTM638在80℃测得的。
使用的聚合体可以是塑性体或合成橡胶。最好使用在-30℃和+80℃温度之间时断裂伸长率大于200％的合成橡胶。用热塑性合成橡胶或聚氨酯合成橡胶族，通过实施例的方式，可获得所述性能。
热塑性合成橡胶是线性的弹性聚合物，有低于400℃的使用温度，其流变性质使其可能用于变换方法，如注入或喷出。在所有情况下都有一个构造，包括两个不容的位相(phase)，一个包含放置在合成橡胶位相中的链的热塑性序列。下列举例是引用的，但不是限制性的：
a)苯乙烯-丁二烯，和苯乙烯-异戊二烯排序的共聚物，
b)从聚烯烃衍生的热塑性合成橡胶，丙烯均聚物或共聚物的物理状态混合物，有非硬化的EPM或EPDM类型的合成橡胶(乙烯或丙烯橡胶)
c)块状酰胺聚醚酯，硬的聚酰胺片段和柔性聚醚或聚醚片段的线性和规则的链接，
d)聚酯合成橡胶
聚氨脂合成橡胶是由芳香的或无环的二异氰酸盐在多羟基化合物(聚醚或聚酯)的反应产生，并且可被分成三个主要的族：可塑的，热塑性的，可混合的，前两族与本发明尤其相关。
格栅(grille)用于加强框架，该框架由至少两个帘布层加强件形成的至少一层组成，加强件在每个帘布层互相平行，并且在帘布层与下一帘布层相交，而且在圆周方向成角度α和β。优选地，所述角度分别为零或几乎为零，及等于或基本等于90，所述件，一方面，在元件之间的相交点涂有可获得实际粘合的物质，另一方面，在各帘布层互相分开一段距离或间距，该距离或间距与在垂直于共同方向测量是大于5mm，以便在格栅的件之间同样地显出间隙。
格栅的加强件优选玻璃纤维件，优选玻璃纤维是一种具有高强度与轻重量相结合的材料。用于涂覆格栅帘布层加强件的物质优选树脂。所述特征给格栅与注入或倒进用于制造支撑的模子的聚合材料提供良好的粘合力。涂覆的树脂是聚烯烃，例如，如聚丙烯(PP)，聚氯乙烯(PVC)，苯乙烯共聚物(例如，如苯乙烯丁二烯)。优选使用热固性材料，如不饱和环氧树脂和聚脂树脂。
加强件指单线及相同或不同性质的单线的组合，如线和/或缆线。
本发明的格栅可通过多种方法获得。在第一实施方案，是在生产鼓上，制造由两个裸露加强件帘布层形成的柱形环，然后在所选的树脂(如热固性)槽中浸泡所述环。热固性树脂是指其液态转变温度大于400℃的聚合体，且可用的树脂优选环氧树脂。使用的树脂，通过露天硬化，提供加强件帘布层相交件之间的连接。随后，多个环可互相同心地放置，因此形成加强支撑格栅。
第二种方案是制造由至少两个帘布层形成所述环，该帘布层在鼓上形成环之前使用预先涂覆所选树脂件。然后，所述环用热熔粘合剂浸渍透，并且缠绕多次，以形成格栅，不同的绕匝通过粘合剂的熔化和其随后的凝固连在一起。优选使用的粘合剂是醋酸乙烯酯或次乙基醋酸乙烯酯(EVA)共聚物，但也可以是聚丙烯酸物(PMMA)或聚烯烃(例如，如聚乙烯)。
在初始绕匝边被覆盖时，仅需在绕匝开始部分，或当环被开始绕匝边所覆盖时，仅需在绕匝端进行绕匝之间的粘合。在环的层之间所需的粘合用适当的胶形成。胶可能是聚氨酯，和优选氰丙烯酸。不纯白钙沸石胶(glue Cyanolite)也是最佳实施例之一。
如上所述，格栅的使用给予加强支撑底座框架实际很好的定位，但其目的也是增加格栅的强度，以当安装组件运行时，抵消因制造方法或因支撑操作而产生的应力。由于构成承载支撑的材料能够均匀地围绕格栅，所以所述强度反而更好，这种可能是用制造所述支撑的方案获得的。根据本发明，该方案由将上述预先制造的并且轴向宽度适应支撑底座宽度的格栅，放置在铸造型芯或注模上，在其***有用于设置有定位格栅韵支柱；模子闭合；并且将所选聚合材料或形成所述材料所必需的成分放进所述模子。
通过附图结合说明，可更好了解本发明，附图示出根据本发明制作轮胎的非限制性实施例，并且涉及适应的轮圈，形成高性能的轮辋组件。所述附图，图1示意地示出本发明胎面承载支撑，图2用透视图示出多个环组成的格栅。
图1示出本发明胎面承载支撑的横截面。所述支撑1包括底座10和整体为环形形状的主体20。主体20包括顶部21，和一组凹槽22，凹槽22在主体中部轴向伸展，并且仅在一侧打开。所述凹槽规则地分布在主体20的周边。主体的顶部还有突起23，它是由于通过将材料移入在材料导入前闭合的模子而制造支撑而产生的。所述突起指示出现行材料进给点，并且规则地分布在顶部21的周边。
底座10由格栅11所加强，格栅11是由两个由玻璃纤维缆线帘布层120和121缆线组成的两个环12的绕匝形成，径向最里帘布层120有周向定位的缆线，和径向最上面的帘布层121有轴向定向的缆线。缆线涂有热固性树脂13，在本实施例，为环氧树脂，并且，在缠绕到构成所述格栅11的鼓之前，通过环氧树脂在紫外线作用下在室温硬化，两个帘布层120和121在两帘布层缆线相交点的组合是有效。与在同一帘布层120(或121)和所述帘布层平面缆线的共同方向相垂直地测量的两条被涂覆的缆线之间的距离为10mm，这是缆线之间的间距，能够使转移模中缆线之间的注入的材料、或铸造填料14易于环流。热熔粘结剂，在本实施例为醋酸乙烯酯，喷在环12的两侧。所述粘结剂，在环制造鼓上缠绕超过两圈后，通过加热被模制，加热是通过适当的装置(如工业烘干机)产生的热气流进行的，在绕回并被冷却后，使将环11的内帘布层120的加强件连接到随后卷在帘布层120上的外帘布层121的加强件成为可能。形成绕匝开始的环120的周边(在圆周长度1上，基本相当于绕匝内周的1％)，被用粘合剂(如不纯白钙沸石胶)粘合到用于放置在环12的加强件的第二绕匝的内面。相同的方法应用于绕匝末端，它被粘到其里面的环的部分，从而在绕匝开始和末端存有重叠。
因此，将得到的格栅11的宽度L至少等于支撑底座10的宽度1减去10mm，并且在所述本例中相当于所述宽度1，其设置在支撑的注模或铸模的柱形型芯的，所述型芯配在其周边，更具体是在其中心区域，带有格栅11的定位销或键。所述销用作格栅11的间隔支撑，并且高度使所述格栅(在由承载支撑1组成的成品中)基本径向地处于支撑底座10的中部。因此，在型芯外表面和加强格栅11内表面之间产生的间隔，与销的高度相应，根据支撑的尺寸在0.5到2mm之间，均匀地被模子的填料填充，因此在改进了支撑1的材料中的格栅的机械固定，更具体增加了在被取出模子的支撑1周围的收缩过程中的变形或翘曲上的支撑1底座10的格栅11长度。
如果格栅的宽度小于支撑底座的宽度1，这也有可能，在聚合材料注入或倾到之前，用注模型芯的膨胀性来保证保持格栅；格栅随后处于足够的张力下，以在注塑或铸造过程中被保持。

Claims (9)

1.一种胎面承载支撑(1)，其是通过将一个或多个产品在压力下转移到闭合模中而制造的，所述支撑(1)具有包括加强框架(11)的底座(10)，加强框架(11)至少具有两个帘布层的加强件(120，121)，其特征在于，所述框架由在每个帘布层互相平行、且在一帘布层与下一帘布层间相交的加强件形成的格栅(11)形成，格栅(11)结合使用模量大于30Mpa的聚合体，作为构成所述支撑(1)的材料。
2.如权利要求1所述的支撑，其特征在于，所述加强件分别以圆周方向的夹角大致等于0和90的角度形成。
3.如权利要求2所述的支撑，其特征在于，构成所述支撑(1)的材料(14)是由橡胶组成。
4.如权利要求3所述的支撑，其特征在于，构成所述支撑(1)材料(14)的橡胶在断裂时的延伸率大于200％。
5.如权利要求3所述的支撑，其特征在于，构成所述支撑(1)的材料(14)是由热塑合成橡胶组成。
6.如权利要求3所述的支撑，其特征在于，构成所述支撑(1)的材料(14)是由弹性聚氨脂组成。
7.如权利要求1至6之一所述的支撑，其特征在于，所述支撑(1)的加强件为玻璃纤维件。
8.如权利要求1至7之一所述的支撑，其特征在于，所述加强件涂覆树脂(13)，以在各件间交点处获得实际的连接，并且在各帘布层互相分开各件之间的间距或距离，该间距或距离在垂直于其公共方向上测量值大于5mm。
9.一种制造权利要求1所述支撑的方法，其特征在于，包括：将预选制造的、轴向宽度L至少等于所述支撑底座(10)的宽度1减去10mm的所述格栅(11)，放置在铸模或注模的型芯上，在其***设置有格栅定位销；关闭所述模子；并在所述模子中转移选定的所述聚合体材料(14)，或形成所选材料所需的成分。
CNB018160182A 2000-09-21 2001-06-29 运行的胎面安全支撑 Expired - Fee Related CN1295088C (zh)

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FR0012067A FR2814118B1 (fr) 2000-09-21 2000-09-21 Appui de soutien de bande de roulement

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FR2814118B1 (fr) 2003-01-24
ATE391612T1 (de) 2008-04-15
KR20030030024A (ko) 2003-04-16
FR2814118A1 (fr) 2002-03-22
DE60133567D1 (de) 2008-05-21
DE60133567T2 (de) 2009-06-04
AU2001283906A1 (en) 2002-04-02
EP1322485A1 (fr) 2003-07-02
WO2002024476A1 (fr) 2002-03-28
US20030168142A1 (en) 2003-09-11
JP2004520210A (ja) 2004-07-08
EP1322485B1 (fr) 2008-04-09
US7347236B2 (en) 2008-03-25
CN1295088C (zh) 2007-01-17
CA2422704A1 (fr) 2002-03-28
BR0114024A (pt) 2003-07-29

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