CN1194874C - Multimotor four-wheel drive mode for electric car - Google Patents
Multimotor four-wheel drive mode for electric car Download PDFInfo
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- CN1194874C CN1194874C CNB021294550A CN02129455A CN1194874C CN 1194874 C CN1194874 C CN 1194874C CN B021294550 A CNB021294550 A CN B021294550A CN 02129455 A CN02129455 A CN 02129455A CN 1194874 C CN1194874 C CN 1194874C
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- ball cage
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- wheel
- retarder
- drive motor
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- Arrangement And Driving Of Transmission Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a multimotor four-wheel driving new mode for an electric car, particularly to a power device of the electric car and the improvement and the enhancement of a transmitting system. The present invention is used for enhancing the efficiency of a power transmitting device, reducing power and the weight of the transmitting device and enhancing the power performance, the starting performance and the maximum speed of the electric car and has the technical scheme that three or four driving motors are used. Front wheels are respectively driven by two motors through a speed reducer and a transmitting shaft. Rear wheels are driven by one or two driving motors through the speed reducer, an overrunning clutch and the transmitting shaft, and the structure is mainly used for an electric sedan.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the improvement of power unit of electric car configuration and driving device.
Background technology
Electronlmobil is as a kind of pollution-free green eco-friendly car, and extremely automotive field personage's concern also receives every aspect knowledgeable people's concern.Many in the world countries all develop sparing no effort.With regard to the phenomenon of current expression, crucial problem is an energy mix, and existing battery technology deficiency is so that the chemical power of the storage electric energy of storage battery and gasoline is comparable, and its difference is two orders of magnitude.This just makes the electronlmobil difficult problem that becomes international, and is difficult to enter commercial operation.
On Electric Vehicle Development, generally all adopt the engine installation and the transmission mode of traditional fuel-engined vehicle, with a drive motor instead of gasoline driving engine, drive traveling gear by power-transfer clutch, change speed gear box, diff etc.The great advantage of this power configuration is the structural pattern that need not change orthodox car, is easy to an automobile repacking is become battery-driven car.Its shortcoming is not only the transmission chain length, and driving efficiency is low, and main is the drive scheme of this separate unit motor, has not only taken the battery-driven car expensive real estate, and can not alleviate the complete vehicle weight of battery-driven car effectively.For change this situation also once the someone tried out two chaptrel hub motors, be arranged at respectively in two trailing wheels, but, make the weight increasing suspension under because the structural weight of slowspeed machine is very big, rotor inertia is big, has influence on car load traveling comfort and traveling comfort.
The contriver had once proposed two-shipper forerunner 4 * 2 the power plant configurations and the new model of transmission, number of patent application 02203000.X; 02125761.2, promptly pass through two front-wheels of retarder direct drive with two motors, obtained success.Complete vehicle weight alleviates, and driving efficiency improves, the stationarity of linear running, and turning efficiencys etc. all are guaranteed, and will be higher than general 4 * 2 automobiles at the crossing ability of soft terrain, and minimum turning radius is 3.5M.But still there is following shortcoming in this power configuration pattern:
1, the power of two before driving motors is difficult to further increasing.Front deck has adopted double-decker in general layout.Lower floor is a motor room, and the upper strata is a battery flat, expanded motor power, and the expanded motor scantling of structure exists difficulty in general layout.And the under power of motor will have influence on the dynamic property of car load, the starting ability deficiency, and it is relatively poor particularly to stay sloping starting ability, the also inaccessible designing requirement of maximum speed;
2, further strengthening the power of f-w-d motor, is not the most rational selection.In normal course of operation, the power requirement of battery-driven car is also little, and increases power of motor, will inevitably strengthen the power consumption of economical operation process, this just battery-driven car do one's utmost to avoid.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is, a kind of electric automobile driving apparatus is provided, and improves the dynamic property of battery-driven car, improves starting ability and maximum speed, for electronlmobil enters commercial operation, provides necessary condition.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems: a kind of electric automobile driving apparatus, it comprises at least: two before driving motors and one or two rear drive motors of driving battery-driven car, supply line in described before driving motor is provided with controller, when this controller is used for supply current at the before driving motor greater than setting value, control rear drive motor is started working, make electronlmobil with the work of four wheel drive pattern, described drive motor all adopts decides torque control, controls the synchronized operation of front-wheel and/or trailing wheel and the differential when turning to.
The present invention can be provided with one group of motor erecting frame further in preceding piggyback pod, with two before driving electric machines on erecting frame.Erecting frame is connected with the front side member of piggyback pod both sides.The rear drive motor be arranged on the back case below, also be to link to each other with the longeron of rear deck both sides by an erecting frame, the rear drive motor can be two, also can be one.The last ball cage of Rzeppa universal joint is installed on the output shaft of drive motor.Link to each other with the ball cage of road wheel inboard by transmission shaft.Drive motor can be directly delivered to road wheel with power by transmission shaft like this.If the motor that adopts is high-speed electric expreess locomotive then needs to increase retarder, the rotating speed of drive motor can be complementary with the required rotating speed of road wheel.For the rear drive motor, on the output shaft of both sides, also need respectively to set up an overriding clutch, install the ball cage again, if the rear drive motor has only one, drive motor or its retarder then need be provided with the double end output shaft.Big variation has taken place in the change of this new structural pattern on function, replaced change speed gear box with the infinite speed variation of motor; With many motors difference ground-engaging wheels, replaced differential gear, realized the automatic switchover of two-wheel drive 4 * 2 and four wheel drive 4 * 4; Replaced multistage transmission with through-coupling.
The principle of work of this driving device is such: when (1) is moved in normal speed, have only the before driving machine operation.Two drive motor are the buncher of deciding torque control.When throttle (accelerator) when being in a certain position, the electric current of left and right sides motor equates I
FR=I
FL, the torque of left and right sides motor also equates with torque
Battery-driven car is with 4 * 2 mode operations, and when resistive torque equated with torque, battery-driven car traveled at the uniform speed.When the road surface was descending, resistive torque reduced, and torque is greater than resistive torque, and the speed of a motor vehicle strengthens automatically.Otherwise when battery-driven car was in the upward slope state, the speed of a motor vehicle reduced automatically.When needing to quicken, open the throttle wide is stepped on accelerator, and the received current of motor strengthens, torque M
EFStrengthen, battery-driven car quickens operation thereupon.Otherwise then slow down.When turning to, along with the rotation of bearing circle, two front-wheel deflections thereupon, the resistive torque of nearside wheel strengthens, and its rotating speed is corresponding to be reduced, and the added value of the resistive torque of off-side wheel is less, the reduction value of rotating speed is also little, and battery-driven car will be along with the deflection of the rotation of bearing circle and front-wheel and changed service direction smooth-goingly.
When battery-driven car is in 4 * 2 operational modes, the rear drive rotating speed of motor is 0, trailing wheel is with the motion of car load, its rotating speed approaches front-wheel, owing on the drive motor output shaft, overriding clutch is installed, when the rotating speed of trailing wheel during greater than drive motor, messenger chain cuts off, and motor does not rotate with trailing wheel.
(2) when the propulsive effort of front-wheel is not enough to satisfy the demand of battery-driven car, for example starting in the slope when high-speed cruising and needs improve accelerating ability, then needs to start the back-wheel drive motor.The starting of rear drive motor is undertaken by following manner, in the supply line of front-wheel controller is set, and the supply current of current drive motor is greater than setting value I
0The time, I
F＞I
0The time, the closing of circuit of back-wheel drive motor, the rear drive motor is started working, and battery-driven car is with 4 * 4 pattern work, and torque is by M
EFBecome M
E, torque strengthens, and the dynamic property of battery-driven car is improved, and stays sloping starting ability and F-Zero and also will improve thereupon.When battery-driven car is in 4 * 4 drive patterns and turns to, front-wheel changes to a lateral deviation with bearing circle, inboard rotating speed of motor reduces owing to the nearside wheel resistive torque strengthens, the off-side wheel motor is because the increment of off-side wheel resistive torque is little, outside rotating speed of motor descends less, and car load will turn to the deflection side smooth-goingly.When the rear drive motor is one, two output shafts about the rear drive motor reducer has, respectively, link to each other with constant speed direction joint, when battery-driven car is in steering state by behind the overriding clutch, the rotating speed of nearside wheel reduces, the rear drive motor will drive nearside wheel and synchronizedly run, and the rotating speed of off-side wheel will be higher than the rotating speed of retarder, and overriding clutch is in dissengaged positions, off-side wheel becomes free gear, can not influence turning to of car load.When the rear drive motor is two because what adopt is to decide the torque master mode, about two motors will change and automatically regulating rotating speed, (its situation is similar to front-wheel) along with the resistive torque of both sides road wheel.About the coordination between the front and back wheel, decide the torque master mode owing to adopted, between the road wheel of front and back, can not form interference.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: (1) has kept the beneficial effect of two-shipper forerunner 4 * 2 operational modes, owing to cancelled all multi-parts such as power-transfer clutch, change speed gear box, diff, alleviated complete vehicle weight, improved driving efficiency, the stationarity of maintenance battery-driven car linear running and failure-free turning efficiency etc.; (2) strengthened the power of car load, improved the dynamic property of battery-driven car,, all be significantly improved on the starting ability at accelerating ability; (3) improved the economy of normal operating speed, cut down the consumption of energy.
Description of drawings
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 is the arrangement plans of three drive motor as power pack.
Fig. 2 is the arrangement plans of four drive motor as power pack.
Among the figure: 1-before driving motor; The 2-front reduction gear; The last ball cage of 3-; The 4-transmission shaft; Ball cage under the 5-; The 6-front-wheel; 7-rear drive motor; Retarder behind the 8-; The 9-overriding clutch; The last ball cage of 10-; Ball cage under the 11-; The 12-trailing wheel; The 13-rear propeller shaft.
The specific embodiment
In Fig. 1, two before driving motors (1) are by the erecting frame of band shock absorption device, be fixed on the left-right longeron of front deck, the mouth of motor links to each other with retarder (2), the last ball cage (3) of constant speed direction joint is installed on the output shaft of retarder, links to each other with following ball cage (5) on being fixed on front-wheel (6) passing through transmission shaft (4).Rear drive motor shown in Figure 1 (7) has only one, the same with the before driving motor, also by being with the erecting frame of shock absorption device, be fixed on the left-right longeron of rear deck, motor links to each other with retarder, and the output shaft of retarder is a beidirectional, and an overriding clutch that direction is opposite is respectively adorned on both sides, and link to each other with the last ball cage of constant-velocity universal joint, link to each other with the following ball cage that is fixed on the trailing wheel inboard by transmission shaft again.The motor of rear drive shown in Fig. 2 (7) is two, its mounting means and Fig. 1 are similar, just have only an output shaft on retarder (8), by overriding clutch (9), last ball cage (10) transmission shaft (13) links to each other with following ball cage (11) on being fixed on trailing wheel (12).
Claims (5)
1, a kind of electric automobile driving apparatus, it comprises at least: two before driving motors and one or two rear drive motors of driving battery-driven car, it is characterized in that, supply line in described before driving motor is provided with controller, when this controller was used for supply current at the before driving motor greater than setting value, control rear drive motor was started working, and makes electronlmobil with the work of four wheel drive pattern, described drive motor all adopts decides torque control, controls the synchronized operation of front-wheel and/or trailing wheel.
2, electric automobile driving apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that, this device also includes forward and backward piggyback pod, is provided with the motor erecting frame before described in the piggyback pod, and described two before driving motors are installed on this motor erecting frame; Be provided with erecting frame in the back in the piggyback pod, one or two rear drive motors place below the back case of electronlmobil, and are installed on this erecting frame.
3, electric automobile driving apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described two before driving motors are connected with the front-wheel of electronlmobil with transmission shaft by retarder respectively.
4, electric automobile driving apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described rear drive motor is two, each is connected with one speed reducer, each retarder is provided with output shaft, and be equiped with on each output shaft Rzeppa universal joint on the ball cage, ball cage is connected with following ball cage on being arranged at the electronlmobil trailing wheel by a transmission shaft on this, is provided with overriding clutch between retarder and last ball cage.
5, electric automobile driving apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described rear drive motor is one, it is connected with one speed reducer, this retarder is provided with output shafts, output shaft in each limit is provided with the last ball cage of Rzeppa universal joint, and ball cage is connected with following ball cage on being arranged at the electronlmobil trailing wheel by a transmission shaft on this, respectively is equiped with opposite overriding clutch between retarder and last ball cage.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021294550A CN1194874C (en) | 2002-08-26 | 2002-08-26 | Multimotor four-wheel drive mode for electric car |
| AU2003257796A AU2003257796A1 (en) | 2002-08-16 | 2003-08-18 | Electric-vehicle power and driving device |
| PCT/CN2003/000686 WO2004016459A1 (en) | 2002-08-16 | 2003-08-18 | Electric-vehicle power and driving device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021294550A CN1194874C (en) | 2002-08-26 | 2002-08-26 | Multimotor four-wheel drive mode for electric car |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1394768A CN1394768A (en) | 2003-02-05 |
| CN1194874C true CN1194874C (en) | 2005-03-30 |
Family
ID=4746254
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021294550A Expired - Fee Related CN1194874C (en) | 2002-08-16 | 2002-08-26 | Multimotor four-wheel drive mode for electric car |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1194874C (en) |
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-
2002
- 2002-08-26 CN CNB021294550A patent/CN1194874C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN1394768A (en) | 2003-02-05 |
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Granted publication date: 20050330 Termination date: 20120826 |