CN117936924A - 一种实现大气环境下组装性能平稳的锂离子电池 - Google Patents
一种实现大气环境下组装性能平稳的锂离子电池 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种实现大气环境下组装性能平稳的锂离子电池，其特征在于：首先是羟丙基甲基纤维素涂层隔膜的制备；其次是大气环境下完成羟丙基甲基纤维素涂层隔膜锂离子电池的组装。本发明的有益效果是，降低了锂离子电池组装严苛的环境条件、缩减当前商业化电池的生产成本，实现大气环境下组装出性能平稳的锂离子电池，同时也拓展了羟丙基甲基纤维素这种高分子聚合物材料在锂离子电池中的应用新领域。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种实现大气环境下组装性能平稳的锂离子电池，属于锂离子电池技术领域。
背景技术
自从锂离子电池问世以来，其能量密度和循环性能的上线不断被突破。至今，便携式电子设备、智能电网和电动汽车产业促使着锂电行业不断地进行技术革新。然而在锂离子电池组装生产过程中，对环境要求极高，如车间无尘、水蒸汽和氧气含量均低于1ppm，因此成熟的商业化锂离子电池组装必须在手套箱中来完成。初步估计，锂离子电池组装的高标准环境成本占锂离子电池总成本的10％～20％，这无疑大大提升了人们对于锂离子电池应用终端(如手机、电动工具和新能源汽车等)的使用成本。显然，如果能够降低电池组装过程中严苛的条件，无疑极大地降低了锂离子电池的生产成本。因此，本发明首次通过在锂离子电池商业化隔膜上引入羟丙基甲基纤维素涂层来于锚定空气中的水蒸汽、氧气和浮尘杂质，在国内外首次实现了在大气环境下成功组装出性能平稳的锂离子电池。虽然电池性能初期还无法跟手套箱中组装电池相比，但是在电池充放电循环大约370圈后，性能却反超手套箱中电池，更重要的是组装的锂离子电池平稳充放电次数超过了1000圈，这完全满足所有锂离子电池应用终端对电池充电次数的要求。本申请发明为在大气环境下组装出性能平稳的锂离子电池并进一步提升电池性能提供了极其重要的前期基础，开辟了锂离子电池全新的研究方向。在国内外报道中尚未出现相关研究。
发明内容
要解决的技术问题
为了降低锂离子电池组装的严苛环境条件，控制电池的成产生本，本发明提出了一种实现大气环境下组装性能平稳的锂离子电池。
技术方案
一种实现大气环境下组装性能平稳的锂离子电池，其特征在于：具体步骤如下：
(1)羟丙基甲基纤维素涂层隔膜的制备：称取一定质量的羟丙基甲基纤维素粉末和一定质量的去离子水，均置入烧杯中，温度保持在65-80℃下磁力搅拌6-8h，得到质量浓度为1.0wt.％的均匀悬浮液浆料；将上诉浆料置于-20℃冰箱中冷却18-24h除去气泡；将悬浮液用100微米高度刮刀刮涂到商业化聚丙烯(PP)隔膜上，得到均匀光滑的湿涂层膜；湿膜室温下干燥直至表面无任何水分且表面泛彩虹色，再转入真空烘箱于50-60℃干燥一天，得到涂层厚度均匀、涂层表面光滑的干膜，命名为HPMC@PP；
(2)大气环境下完成羟丙基甲基纤维素涂层隔膜锂离子电池的组装：将步骤(1)中得到的HPMC@PP干膜裁成直径为19mm的圆片备用；正极采用NMC811极片，石墨为负极，电解液为60-70μL商业化碳酸酯类液体电解质(1M LiPF6/EC+DMC+EMC+1％VC)，在空气氛围下组装成扣式锂离子电池，20-30℃恒温箱将电池静置12-15h，从而得到一种基于羟丙基甲基纤维素涂层隔膜实现大气环境下组装性能平稳的锂离子电池。
有益效果
本发明的有益效果是，降低了锂离子电池组装严苛的环境条件、缩减当前商业化电池的生产成本，实现大气环境下组装出性能平稳的锂离子电池，同时也拓展了羟丙基甲基纤维素这种高分子聚合物材料在锂离子电池中的应用新领域。
附图说明
图1为大气环境下组装的锂离子电池性能：圆形标识对应商业化PP隔膜，三角形标识对应HPMC@PP隔膜。
图2为在手套箱中组装的锂离子电池性能(HPMC@PP)。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步的说明：
实施例
(1)羟丙基甲基纤维素涂层隔膜的制备：称取一定质量的羟丙基甲基纤维素粉末和一定质量的去离子水，均置入烧杯中，温度保持在80℃下磁力搅拌8h，得到质量浓度为1.0wt.％的均匀悬浮液浆料；将上诉浆料置于-20℃冰箱中冷却24h除去气泡；将悬浮液用100微米高度刮刀刮涂到商业化聚丙烯(PP)隔膜上，得到均匀光滑的湿涂层膜；湿膜室温下干燥直至表面无任何水分且表面泛彩虹色，再转入真空烘箱于60℃干燥一天，得到涂层厚度均匀、涂层表面光滑的干膜，命名为HPMC@PP；
(2)大气环境下完成羟丙基甲基纤维素涂层隔膜锂离子电池的组装：将步骤(1)中得到的HPMC@PP干膜裁成直径为19mm的圆片备用；正极采用NMC811极片，石墨为负极，电解液为70μL商业化碳酸酯类液体电解质(1MLiPF6/EC+DMC+EMC+1％VC)，在空气氛围下组装成扣式锂离子电池，30℃恒温箱将电池静置15h，从而得到一种基于羟丙基甲基纤维素涂层隔膜实现大气环境下组装性能平稳的锂离子电池；
(3)大气环境下完成商业化隔膜锂离子电池的组装：将购置的商业化聚丙烯(PP)隔膜上裁成直径为19mm的圆片作为隔膜备用；正极采用NMC811极片，石墨为负极，电解液为70μL商业化碳酸酯类液体电解质，在空气氛围下组装成扣式锂离子电池，30℃恒温箱将电池静置15h，得到大气环境下商业化隔膜锂离子电池。
在深圳市新威尔电子有限公司高性能电池检测***CT-4000上进行电池充放电测试。测试结果是：大气环境下组装的PP隔膜锂离子电池在1C的倍率下不到200圈循环就出现严重的容量衰减，容量仅有8.9mAh g-1；大气环境下组装的HPMC@PP隔膜锂离子在1C倍率下前20圈容量下降较快，但是之后能够稳定循环圈数超过1000，表现出超强的稳定性，容量始终稳定在48.0mAh g-1左右；在手套箱中组装HPMC@PP隔膜锂离子在1C倍率下虽然前300圈循环容量比大气环境中组装的对应锂离子电池高，但是在充放电循环过程中容量呈现不断衰减的趋势，且在370圈时放电容量仅剩45.3mAh g-1，低于了大气环境组装锂离子电池。
Claims (1)
1.一种实现大气环境下组装性能平稳的锂离子电池，其特征在于：具体步骤如下：
(1)羟丙基甲基纤维素涂层隔膜的制备：称取一定质量的羟丙基甲基纤维素粉末和一定质量的去离子水，均置入烧杯中，温度保持在65-80℃下磁力搅拌6-8h，得到质量浓度为1.0wt.％的均匀悬浮液浆料；将上诉浆料置于-20℃冰箱中冷却18-24h除去气泡；将悬浮液用100微米高度刮刀刮涂到商业化聚丙烯(PP)隔膜上，得到均匀光滑的湿涂层膜；湿膜室温下干燥直至表面无任何水分且表面泛彩虹色，再转入真空烘箱于50-60℃干燥一天，得到涂层厚度均匀、涂层表面光滑的干膜，命名为HPMC@PP；
(2)大气环境下完成羟丙基甲基纤维素涂层隔膜锂离子电池的组装：将步骤(1)中得到的HPMC@PP干膜裁成直径为19mm的圆片备用；正极采用NMC811极片，石墨为负极，电解液为60-70μL商业化碳酸酯类液体电解质(1M LiPF6/EC+DMC+EMC+1％VC)，在空气氛围下组装成扣式锂离子电池，20-30℃恒温箱将电池静置12-15h，从而得到一种基于羟丙基甲基纤维素涂层隔膜实现大气环境下组装性能平稳的锂离子电池。
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