CN117798086A - Sorting device based on kitchen waste treatment and treatment method thereof - Google Patents
Sorting device based on kitchen waste treatment and treatment method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117798086A CN117798086A CN202410233748.XA CN202410233748A CN117798086A CN 117798086 A CN117798086 A CN 117798086A CN 202410233748 A CN202410233748 A CN 202410233748A CN 117798086 A CN117798086 A CN 117798086A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000010806 kitchen waste Substances 0.000 title claims description 64
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 241001233242 Lontra Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 208000005156 Dehydration Diseases 0.000 description 19
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 17
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010794 food waste Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012958 reprocessing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/10—Waste collection, transportation, transfer or storage, e.g. segregated refuse collecting, electric or hybrid propulsion
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- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of garbage classification treatment, and discloses a kitchen garbage treatment-based sorting device and a kitchen garbage treatment method, wherein the kitchen garbage treatment-based sorting device comprises a first sorting mechanism and a second sorting mechanism, and driving assemblies for providing driving power are arranged outside the first sorting mechanism and the second sorting mechanism; carry out preliminary sorting through the kitchen garbage of first letter sorting mechanism to throwing in, get rid of inconvenient large-volume solid kitchen garbage who rolls the processing in the rubbish, classify the rubbish of preliminary sorting processing, the kitchen garbage that needs to carry out follow-up sorting processing gets into second letter sorting mechanism, in second letter sorting mechanism, further make fluid rubbish carry out classification, and then reach and discern the sorting processing to kitchen garbage through mechanical mechanism is automatic, reduce the follow-up treatment process of kitchen garbage, solve the processing cost of whole kitchen garbage, and overall structure is simple, easily install the rubbish treatment website at each district, effectively guarantee the practicality of device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of garbage classification treatment, in particular to a kitchen garbage treatment-based sorting device and a kitchen garbage treatment method.
Background
With the development of society, the country gradually pays attention to the treatment of the household garbage, improves the resource value and the economic value of the household garbage, and reduces the harm of the household garbage to the environment. In order to facilitate the management of household garbage, the garbage is required to be classified, put in, transported and treated in a centralized manner. Therefore, at least one household garbage disposal site is arranged in each community and is mainly used for classifying and throwing household garbage.
Although the household garbage throwing station arranged in the community can facilitate classification treatment of the household garbage to a certain extent, and the community garbage throwing station is matched with management staff to further improve the operability of classification treatment of the household garbage, kitchen garbage generated in life of people often causes great difficulty in classification treatment of the garbage due to the specificity of the household garbage, and the household kitchen garbage not only contains food or food residues, but also often comprises packaging bags, a tank body or other food residues which do not belong to the food residues, but the food residues often have rotten smell and sticky characteristics, so that classification treatment of the household garbage is extremely difficult, and the difficulty in subsequent treatment of the kitchen garbage is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the sorting device and the sorting method based on kitchen waste treatment provided by the invention have the advantages of being convenient for sorting and sorting kitchen waste in life and reducing the difficulty in subsequent reprocessing of kitchen waste.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the sorting device based on kitchen waste treatment comprises a first sorting mechanism and a second sorting mechanism, wherein driving assemblies for providing driving power are arranged outside the first sorting mechanism and the second sorting mechanism;
the first sorting mechanism comprises a separation barrel, an inner net barrel and a driving shaft are rotatably connected to the inside of the separation barrel, a driving disc is fixedly connected to the outside of the driving shaft, a material guiding blade is fixedly connected to the outside of the driving disc, and a crushing cutter is fixedly connected to the outside of the driving shaft;
the second sorting mechanism comprises a dewatering barrel, an inner bottom ring and a filter plate are fixedly connected to the interior of the dewatering barrel, a slag cavity is formed between the inner bottom ring and the filter plate, a side net ring is movably connected to the top of the filter plate, a rolling mechanism is arranged at the top of the filter plate and used for rolling kitchen waste in the side net ring;
the bottom of filter and dehydration bucket between form and converge the chamber, the outside fixedly connected with slag charge export and the drain pipe of dehydration bucket, slag charge export and slag charge chamber intercommunication, be provided with the slag charge valve that is used for opening and shutting between slag charge export and the slag charge chamber, drain pipe and the chamber intercommunication that converges.
Preferably: the utility model provides a separation barrel slope sets up, separation barrel is close to second sorting mechanism one end and sets up to the low side, the top fixedly connected with feed inlet of separation barrel, the top fixedly connected with stock guide of feed inlet, the separation chamber has been seted up between the outside of intranet bucket and the separation barrel, the tip of drive shaft and isolation otter board laminating, the inner wall of drive shaft and the outer lane laminating of guide leaf, the tip fixedly connected with elastic plate of guide leaf, the aggregate mouth that runs through has been seted up to the isolation otter board, the discharge chamber has been seted up to one side that the intranet bucket was kept away from to separation barrel and isolation otter board, the bin outlet has been seted up to the bottom of discharge chamber.
Preferably: the inside rotation of separation bucket is connected with the connecting axle, the tip fixedly connected with connecting gear of connecting axle, the outside fixedly connected with external tooth ring of intranet bucket, connecting gear and external tooth ring engagement connection, be provided with power transmission's drive assembly between connecting axle and the drive shaft, the drive shaft is used for driving the connecting axle through drive assembly and rotates.
Preferably: the inside swing joint of separation bucket has outer scraper blade and spray pipe, outer scraper blade laminating is in the outside of intranet bucket, a plurality of elongated slots that run through have been seted up to the outside of outer scraper blade, the spray pipe sets up between a plurality of elongated slots, the spray pipe is used for the water spray to wash the inside kitchen garbage of intranet bucket.
Preferably: the top fixedly connected with connector of dehydration bucket, connector fixed connection is in the bottom of separation bucket, the dehydration bucket is used for through connector intercommunication separation chamber, the discharge gate has been seted up between slag charge chamber and the chamber that converges, the bottom fixedly connected with connecting rod of side net circle, the bottom fixedly connected with sealing ring of connecting rod, the size and the shape and the discharge gate adaptation of sealing ring, the inside of dehydration bucket is provided with the riser that is used for controlling side net circle to go up and down, the laminating of the bottom of side net circle is when the top of filter, the sealing ring is located the bottom of discharge gate, and sealing ring and discharge gate are in the state of breaking away from.
Preferably: the top fixedly connected with ejection of compact guide rail of slag charge chamber, the outside swing joint of ejection of compact guide rail has the pushing away material slider, the pushing away material slider includes pushing away the material slide, pushing away material slide sliding connection in the inside of slag charge chamber.
Preferably: the rolling mechanism comprises a main shaft block which is rotationally connected to the top of the filter plate, a pushing plate is fixedly connected to the outer portion of the main shaft block, a mounting plate is fixedly connected to the outer portion of the pushing plate, an elastic rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting plate, two groups of pushing plates are arranged, at least two pushing plates are arranged in each group, one group of pushing plates is fixedly connected with a movable scraping plate through the mounting plate and the elastic rod, and the other group of pushing plates is fixedly connected with a rolling wheel through the mounting plate and the elastic rod.
Preferably: every group the tip of pushing away the flitch rotates and is connected with the connecting block, the outside of connecting block rotates and is connected with the side pressure wheel, the top fixedly connected with boss of pushing away the flitch, be provided with the torsion ware between connecting block and the boss, the inside swing joint of torsion ware has the torsional spring, the both ends of torsional spring fixedly connected with first swivel and second swivel respectively, first swivel and second swivel cup joint the rotation in proper order in the inside of torsion ware, the outside of first swivel and second swivel is equal fixedly connected with reset lever, first swivel, second swivel pass through the reset lever respectively with boss, connecting block fixed connection, the laminating of side pressure wheel is in the inner circle of side net circle.
Preferably: the driving assembly comprises a driving motor and a speed reducer, the driving assembly drives the first sorting mechanism and the second sorting mechanism through the speed reducer, and the driving shaft and the main shaft block are fixedly connected with the output end of the speed reducer respectively.
According to the kitchen waste treatment method, the sorting device based on kitchen waste treatment further comprises an infrared detection system, a driving control system and a residue identification system;
the infrared detection system is arranged at the feeding end of the first sorting mechanism and is used for identifying whether stock enters or not;
the driving control system is in signal connection with the infrared detection system and is used for controlling the start and stop of the sorting device based on kitchen waste treatment;
the residue identification system is arranged in the second sorting mechanism and is used for detecting the sorting state in the second sorting mechanism;
the method comprises the following specific steps:
s1, when kitchen waste is put into a first sorting mechanism, an infrared detection system detects material entering, and material entering information is transmitted to a drive control system;
s2, receiving material entering information by a driving control system, controlling a sorting device to start by the driving control system, and carrying out mechanical identification sorting on the materials;
s3, controlling and starting a first sorting mechanism, wherein a driving shaft drives a crushing knife to crush the kitchen waste into external packages, and a material guiding blade rotates in an inner net barrel to separate large-volume solid waste, fluid and soft garbage, wherein the large-volume garbage comprises large-volume metal tank garbage and aggregate garbage;
s4, the soft garbage with the fluid volume after being sorted by the first sorting mechanism enters the second sorting mechanism, and extrusion separation is carried out in the second sorting mechanism;
s5, detecting the material entering and separating states of the second sorting mechanism by the residue recognition system, controlling the second sorting mechanism to discharge and store residues after extrusion when the residue recognition system detects that the second sorting mechanism finishes extrusion and discharge of the residues, and guiding kitchen waste liquid after extrusion out of the second sorting mechanism for storage.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the kitchen waste treatment-based sorting device and the kitchen waste treatment method, the kitchen waste which is put in is subjected to preliminary sorting treatment through the first sorting mechanism, the large-volume solid kitchen waste inconvenient to roll and treat in the kitchen waste is removed, the waste which is subjected to preliminary sorting treatment is sorted, the kitchen waste which is required to be subjected to subsequent sorting treatment enters the second sorting mechanism, in the second sorting mechanism, the fluid waste is further subjected to sorting treatment, the residual waste with poor rolling and crushing effects in the kitchen waste, such as packaging bags and packaging ropes, which cannot be extruded and crushed, is removed, the dehydrated fluid kitchen waste generally belongs to the kitchen waste which can be fermented or is convenient to reprocess, further the aim of automatically identifying and sorting the kitchen waste through the mechanical mechanism is achieved, the subsequent treatment procedure of the kitchen waste is reduced, the treatment cost of the whole kitchen waste is solved, the whole structure is simple, the kitchen waste treatment site is easy to install in each district, and the practicability of the device is effectively ensured.
2. According to the sorting device and the sorting method based on kitchen waste treatment, when both the inner net barrel and the guide blades rotate, the water spraying pipe is used for carrying out water adding treatment on the inside of the separation barrel, so that the extrusion separation effect of fluid or soft kitchen waste can be effectively improved, the large-volume solid waste inside the inner net barrel can be cleaned at the same time, the kitchen waste with less adhesion of the large-volume solid waste through the guide She Daochu is ensured, and the separation effect of the large-volume solid waste and the kitchen waste soft waste is further ensured.
3. This sorting device based on kitchen garbage handles and processing method thereof uses through the cooperation of movable scraper blade, rolling wheel and side pinch roller, and then effectively guarantees the treatment effect to fluid class kitchen garbage, and conveniently can extrude broken kitchen garbage and can further carry out broken processing, and then improves kitchen garbage and sort the effect at the dehydration bucket.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the exterior of the device of the present invention as a whole;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a first sorting mechanism of the present invention in cross-section;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the connection state of the inner structure of the separation barrel according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the position states of the guide blade, the elastic plate, the inner net barrel and the isolation net plate;
FIG. 5 is a partial schematic view of a second sorting mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the connection of the inner bottom ring, filter plate and rolling mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the side net ring, the connecting rod and the sealing ring according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a laminating mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is an enlarged schematic view of the area A of FIG. 8 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the inner bottom ring, the slag cavity, the discharge guide rail and the pushing slide block of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional view of the torque device of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a separation barrel; 11. a feed inlet; 12. an intranet barrel; 121. an outer ring gear; 122. an outer scraper; 123. a water spray pipe; 13. a separation chamber; 14. a drive shaft; 141. a crushing knife; 15. a transmission assembly; 16. a drive plate; 17. a guide blade; 171. an elastic plate; 18. an isolation screen; 181. an aggregate port; 19. a connecting shaft; 191. a connecting gear;
2. a dehydration barrel; 21. an inner bottom ring; 211. a slag cavity; 212. a discharge port; 213. a discharging guide rail; 214. a pushing slide block; 22. a filter plate; 23. a spindle block; 231. a pushing plate; 232. a mounting plate; 233. an elastic rod; 234. a movable scraper; 235. a rolling wheel; 236. a cam block; 237. a connecting block; 238. a side pinch roller; 239. a torque device; 2391. a torsion spring; 2392. a first swivel; 2393. a second swivel; 2394. a reset lever; 24. a side net ring; 241. a connecting rod; 242. a seal ring; 25. a lifter; 26. a connection port; 27. a slag outlet; 28. a drain pipe;
3. a material guide plate; 4. and a drive assembly.
Detailed Description
In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a kitchen waste treatment-based sorting device comprises a first sorting mechanism and a second sorting mechanism, wherein a driving assembly 4 for providing driving power is arranged outside the first sorting mechanism and the second sorting mechanism;
the first sorting mechanism comprises a separation barrel 1, an inner barrel 12 and a driving shaft 14 are rotatably connected to the inside of the separation barrel 1, a driving disc 16 is fixedly connected to the outside of the driving shaft 14, a material guiding blade 17 is fixedly connected to the outside of the driving disc 16, and a crushing cutter 141 is fixedly connected to the outside of the driving shaft 14.
The driving assembly 4 comprises a driving motor and a speed reducer, the driving assembly 4 drives the first sorting mechanism and the second sorting mechanism through the speed reducer, and the driving shaft 14 and the main shaft block 23 are fixedly connected with the output end of the speed reducer respectively.
The sorting device is used for being installed in a district internal garbage sorting base station or similar small garbage treatment places and is used for preliminary sorting treatment of kitchen garbage.
The sorting device also comprises an infrared detection system, a driving control system and a residue identification system;
the infrared detection system is arranged at the feeding end of the first sorting mechanism and used for identifying whether stock enters or not;
the driving control system is in signal connection with the infrared detection system and is used for controlling the starting and stopping of the sorting device based on kitchen waste treatment;
the residue recognition system is arranged inside the second sorting mechanism and is used for detecting sorting states inside the second sorting mechanism.
In an alternative embodiment: the separating drum 1 is obliquely arranged, one end of the separating drum 1, which is close to the second sorting mechanism, is arranged at the lower end, the top of the separating drum 1 is fixedly connected with a feed inlet 11, the top of the feed inlet 11 is fixedly connected with a guide plate 3, a separating cavity 13 is formed between the outside of the inner drum 12 and the separating drum 1, the end part of the driving shaft 14 is attached to the isolation screen plate 18, the inner wall of the driving shaft 14 is attached to the outer ring of the guide blade 17, the end part of the guide blade 17 is fixedly connected with an elastic plate 171, the isolation screen plate 18 is provided with a penetrating aggregate opening 181, one side, far away from the inner drum 12, of the separating drum 1 and the isolation screen plate 18 is provided with a discharge cavity, and the bottom of the discharge cavity is provided with a discharge opening.
It should be noted that, the guide plate 3 and the separation barrel 1 are both fixedly installed at the garbage disposal base station, and the outer side end of the guide plate 3 is located at the inner side of the kitchen garbage throwing window for transporting the thrown kitchen garbage to the inside of the separation barrel 1.
In the initial state, the sorting device is in a stop state, when kitchen waste is put in the guide plate 3, the infrared detection system detects that the material enters, the material enters information is transmitted to the driving control system, the driving control system control device is started, the driving assembly 4 drives the driving shaft 14 in the separating barrel 1 to rotate, the driving shaft 14 drives the external crushing cutter 141 to rotate, the crushing cutter 141 cuts and crushes packaging bags of a plurality of kitchen waste, the driving shaft 14 drives the guide blade 17 to rotate in the inner net barrel 12 through the driving disc 16, the guide blade 17 extrudes fluid kitchen waste or soft kitchen waste into the separating barrel 13 through a gap of the inner net barrel 12 in the rotating process, large-volume solid waste which cannot be extruded is transmitted to the high end of the separating barrel 1 under the conveying of the guide blade 17, enters the discharging cavity through the aggregate opening 181 of the isolating net plate 18, and then is discharged and stored through the discharging opening of the discharging cavity, and a storage container of large-volume solid waste can be arranged below the discharging opening.
Because the top fixed connection elastic plate 171 of guide leaf 17, consequently when passing through aggregate mouth 181 discharge to the inside of ejection of compact chamber with kitchen garbage, elastic plate 171 and keep apart otter board 18 interact, further extrude kitchen garbage in the eminence end of intranet bucket 12, elastic plate 171 not only guarantees kitchen garbage extrusion separation effect, avoids simultaneously that bulky solid kitchen garbage card causes the damage of internals between the tip of guide leaf 17 and isolation otter board 18, and then adopts elastic plate 171 to guarantee whole separation effect and the safety in utilization of equipment.
In an alternative embodiment: the inside rotation of separation bucket 1 is connected with connecting axle 19, and connecting axle 19's tip fixedly connected with connecting gear 191, the outside fixedly connected with external tooth ring 121 of intranet bucket 12, connecting gear 191 and external tooth ring 121 meshing are connected, are provided with power transmission's drive assembly 15 between connecting axle 19 and the drive shaft 14, and drive shaft 14 is used for driving connecting axle 19 through drive assembly 15 rotation.
It should be noted that in an alternative embodiment: the inside swing joint of separation bucket 1 has outer scraper blade 122 and spray pipe 123, and outer scraper blade 122 laminating is in the outside of intranet bucket 12, and a plurality of elongated grooves that run through have been seted up to the outside of outer scraper blade 122, and spray pipe 123 set up between a plurality of elongated grooves, and spray pipe 123 are used for the water spray to wash the inside kitchen garbage of intranet bucket 12.
At the same time of the rotation of the driving shaft 14, the driving shaft 14 drives the connecting shaft 19 to rotate through the transmission assembly 15, the connecting shaft 19 drives the connecting gear 191 to rotate, the connecting gear 191 drives the inner net barrel 12 to rotate through the outer gear ring 121, and the rotation directions of the driving shaft 14 and the inner net barrel 12 are opposite, so that the relative rotation speed of the driving shaft 14 and the inner net barrel 12 is effectively improved, and the integral extrusion and separation effects on kitchen waste are improved.
When the inner net barrel 12 rotates, the inner net barrel 12 rotates relative to the outer scraping plate 122 attached to the outside, and then the outer scraping plate 122 can scrape kitchen waste adhered to the outside of the inner net barrel 12 when the inner net barrel 12 rotates, so that when the material guiding blades 17 extrude and separate fluid or soft kitchen waste in the inner net barrel 12, the outer scraping plate 122 cooperates with the material guiding blades 17 to separate kitchen waste extruded out of the inner net barrel 12.
Simultaneously when intranet barrel 12 and guide leaf 17 all take place the rotation, carry out the water treatment through spray pipe 123 to the inside of separation bucket 1, can effectively improve the extrusion separation effect to fluid or soft kitchen garbage, can wash the inside bulky solid garbage of intranet barrel 12 simultaneously again, guarantee the less kitchen garbage of bulky solid garbage adhesion that leads out through guide leaf 17, further guarantee the separation effect of bulky solid garbage and kitchen garbage soft garbage.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 5 to fig. 7, in a further aspect of the first embodiment, a sorting device based on kitchen waste treatment is provided, wherein the second sorting mechanism comprises a dewatering barrel 2, an inner bottom ring 21 and a filter plate 22 are fixedly connected inside the dewatering barrel 2, a slag cavity 211 is formed between the inner bottom ring 21 and the filter plate 22, a side net ring 24 is movably connected to the top of the filter plate 22, a rolling mechanism is arranged at the top of the filter plate 22, and the rolling mechanism is used for rolling kitchen waste inside the side net ring 24;
a converging cavity is formed between the bottom of the filter plate 22 and the dewatering barrel 2, a slag outlet 27 and a drain pipe 28 are fixedly connected to the outside of the dewatering barrel 2, the slag outlet 27 is communicated with the slag cavity 211, a slag valve for opening and closing is arranged between the slag outlet 27 and the slag cavity 211, and the drain pipe 28 is communicated with the converging cavity.
The top fixedly connected with connector 26 of dehydration bucket 2, connector 26 fixed connection is in the bottom of separation bucket 1, and dehydration bucket 2 is used for through connector 26 intercommunication separation chamber 13, has seted up discharge gate 212 between slag charge chamber 211 and the chamber that converges, and the bottom fixedly connected with connecting rod 241 of side net circle 24, the bottom fixedly connected with sealing ring 242 of connecting rod 241, the size and the shape and the discharge gate 212 adaptation of sealing ring 242.
The first sorting mechanism performs preliminary separation on the kitchen waste, and the separated fluid or soft kitchen waste mixed cleaning liquid flows into the dewatering barrel 2 from the separation cavity 13 of the separation barrel 1 through the connection port 26.
In the initial state of the dewatering barrel 2, the bottom of the side net ring 24 is attached to the filter plate 22, the side net ring 24 and the filter plate 22 are constructed to form an extrusion filter cavity, the sealing ring 242 is positioned below the discharge hole 212, the sealing ring 242 and the discharge hole 212 are in a separated state, a slag valve arranged at the slag outlet 27 communicated with the slag cavity 211 is in a closed state, and the rolling mechanism is positioned in the extrusion filter cavity.
In the extrusion filter cavity that connector 26 inflow kitchen garbage got into side net 24 and filter 22 constitution, the mechanism of rolling extrudes the separation to kitchen garbage in extrusion filter cavity inside, makes wrapping bag body, rope form, filiform, slice rubbish and fluid rubbish separate under the effect of rolling of mechanism of rolling.
The separated fluid kitchen garbage enters the inner bottom confluence cavity of the dewatering bucket 2 through the discharging hole 212 or the filter plate 22, and is discharged and stored through the drain pipe 28.
Referring to fig. 10, in an alternative embodiment: the inside of the dewatering barrel 2 is provided with a lifter 25 for controlling the lifting of the side net ring 24, when the bottom of the side net ring 24 is attached to the top of the filter plate 22, the sealing ring 242 is positioned at the bottom of the discharge port 212, and the sealing ring 242 and the discharge port 212 are in a separated state. The top fixedly connected with ejection of compact guide rail 213 in slag charge cavity 211, the outside swing joint of ejection of compact guide rail 213 has pushing away material slider 214, and pushing away material slider 214 includes pushing away the material slide, pushing away material slide sliding connection in the inside in slag charge cavity 211.
It should be noted that, when the residue recognition system detects that the kitchen garbage inside the dewatering barrel 2 completes the extrusion dewatering separation, the lifter 25 is controlled to be started, the lifter 25 drives the side net ring 24 to move upwards, the side net ring 24 drives the sealing ring 242 to move upwards through the connecting rod 241, the sealing ring 242 is controlled to be clamped inside the discharging hole 212, the sealing ring 242 seals the discharging hole 212, meanwhile, the slag valve of the slag cavity 211 is opened, the communication between the slag cavity 211 and the slag outlet 27 is restored, the pushing slider 214 is controlled to slide at the bottom of the discharging guide rail 213, the pushing slider 214 pushes the kitchen garbage after extrusion dewatering to move inside the slag cavity 211, the kitchen garbage after extrusion dewatering is discharged from the slag outlet 27, a storage is arranged at the bottom of the slag outlet 27, and the kitchen garbage after extrusion dewatering is stored inside the storage.
Through carrying out extrusion dehydration with fluid kitchen garbage between filter 22 and side net 24 and handling, further make fluid garbage carry out classification, get rid of among the kitchen garbage and roll the poor residual rubbish of crushing effect, like the wrapping bag, the packing rope, but the slice and the filiform rubbish of extrusion crushing, the fluid kitchen garbage of dehydration handles generally belongs to the kitchen garbage that can ferment or conveniently reprocess, and then reach and carry out discernment letter sorting processing to kitchen garbage through mechanical mechanism is automatic, reduce the follow-up processing procedure of kitchen garbage, solve the processing cost of whole kitchen garbage, and overall structure is simple, easily install the rubbish treatment website in each district, effectively guarantee the practicality of device.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 8, 9 and 11, on the basis of the second embodiment, the rolling mechanism further includes a main shaft block 23 rotatably connected to the top of the filter plate 22, a pushing plate 231 is fixedly connected to the outside of the main shaft block 23, a mounting plate 232 is fixedly connected to the outside of the pushing plate 231, an elastic rod 233 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting plate 232, two groups of pushing plates 231 are provided, at least two pushing plates 231 are provided, one group of pushing plates 231 is fixedly connected with a movable scraper 234 through the mounting plate 232 and the elastic rod 233, the other group of pushing plates 231 is fixedly connected with a rolling wheel 235 through the mounting plate 232 and the elastic rod 233, and the length of the rolling wheel 235 is greater than that of the movable scraper 234.
The working process of the rolling mechanism comprises the following steps:
the driving component 4 drives the main shaft block 23 to rotate, the main shaft block 23 drives the outside scraping plate 231 to rotate, the scraping plate 231 drives the movable scraping plate 234 and the rolling wheel 235 respectively through the mounting plate 232 and the elastic rod 233 in the rotation process of the scraping plate 231, the movable scraping plate 234 and the rolling wheel 235 are alternately arranged, the bottoms of the movable scraping plate 234 and the rolling wheel 235 are attached to the top of the filter plate 22, the movable scraping plate 234 and the rolling wheel 235 always keep in a jacking state on the filter plate 22 under the action of the elastic rod 233, the filter plate 22 is continuously extruded and filtered under the action of the cooperation of the movable scraping plate 234 and the rolling wheel 235, and kitchen waste inside an extrusion filter cavity is extruded and dehydrated. And through movable scraper 234 and rolling wheel 235 alternate arrangement, rolling wheel 235 is responsible for extrusion dehydration, and movable scraper 234 is responsible for shoveling the material after rolling, and the material after shoveling flows to the both sides of movable scraper 234, then is by the extrusion dehydration of back Fang Nianya round 235 again, carries out in turn through movable scraper 234 and rolling wheel 235, effectively guarantees the extrusion dehydration effect to the material, and the kitchen garbage of convenient accessible extrusion crushing is further broken, then gets into the chamber that converges, flows out through drain pipe 28.
In an alternative embodiment: the end of each group of pushing plates 231 is rotationally connected with a connecting block 237, the outside of the connecting block 237 is rotationally connected with a side pressure wheel 238, the top of each pushing plate 231 is fixedly connected with a boss 236, a torsion device 239 is arranged between the connecting block 237 and the boss 236, a torsion spring 2391 is movably connected inside the torsion device 239, two ends of the torsion spring 2391 are respectively fixedly connected with a first rotating ring 2392 and a second rotating ring 2393, the first rotating ring 2392 and the second rotating ring 2393 are sequentially sleeved and connected with a reset rod 2394, the first rotating ring 2392 and the second rotating ring 2393 are respectively fixedly connected with the boss 236 and the connecting block 237 through the reset rod 2394, and the side pressure wheel 238 is attached to the inner ring of the side net ring 24.
The rolling mechanism further comprises a side pressing wheel 238 matched with the side net ring 24 to perform side direction extrusion dehydration treatment on the material, when the material in the extrusion dehydration cavity flows to the edge position, the side pressing wheel 238 pushes the material to be contacted with the side net ring 24, and the side pressing wheel 238 matched with the side net ring 24 performs extrusion dehydration treatment on the material in the side direction of the extrusion dehydration cavity.
When the side pressing wheel 238 performs extrusion, the torque device 239 always maintains the pressure of the side pressing wheel 238 on the side net ring 24, so as to ensure the extrusion dehydration effect of the side pressing wheel 238.
Through the cooperation of movable scraper blade 234, rolling wheel 235 and side pressure wheel 238, and then effectively guarantee the treatment effect to fluid class kitchen garbage, and conveniently can extrude broken kitchen garbage and can further carry out crushing treatment, and then improve kitchen garbage and sort the effect at dewatering bin 2.
Example 4
The kitchen waste treatment method further comprises the following specific steps on the basis of the first embodiment, the second embodiment and the third embodiment:
s1, when kitchen waste is put into a first sorting mechanism, an infrared detection system detects material entering, and material entering information is transmitted to a drive control system;
s2, receiving material entering information by a driving control system, controlling a sorting device to start by the driving control system, and carrying out mechanical identification sorting on the materials;
s3, controlling and starting a first sorting mechanism, wherein a driving shaft 14 drives a crushing knife 141 to crush the kitchen waste into external packages, and a guide blade 17 rotates in an inner net barrel 12 to separate large-volume solid waste, fluid and soft garbage, wherein the large-volume garbage comprises large-volume metal tank garbage and aggregate garbage;
s4, the soft garbage with the fluid volume after being sorted by the first sorting mechanism enters the second sorting mechanism, and extrusion separation is carried out in the second sorting mechanism;
s5, detecting the material entering and separating states of the second sorting mechanism by the residue recognition system, controlling the second sorting mechanism to discharge and store residues after extrusion when the residue recognition system detects that the second sorting mechanism finishes extrusion and discharge of the residues, and guiding kitchen waste liquid after extrusion out of the second sorting mechanism for storage.
The kitchen garbage put in is subjected to preliminary sorting treatment through the first sorting mechanism, the large-volume solid kitchen garbage inconvenient to roll and treat in the garbage is removed, the garbage subjected to preliminary sorting treatment is classified, the kitchen garbage needing to be subjected to subsequent sorting treatment enters the second sorting mechanism, in the second sorting mechanism, the fluid garbage is further subjected to sorting treatment, the residual garbage with poor rolling and crushing effects in the kitchen garbage is removed, such as packaging bags and packaging ropes, the sheet-shaped and wire-shaped garbage which cannot be crushed by extrusion is removed, the dehydrated fluid kitchen garbage generally belongs to kitchen garbage which can be fermented or is convenient to reprocess, further the recognition and sorting treatment on the kitchen garbage is automatically performed through a mechanical mechanism, the subsequent treatment procedure of the kitchen garbage is reduced, the treatment cost of the whole kitchen garbage is solved, the whole structure is simple, the kitchen garbage treatment site in each district is easy to install, and the practicability of the device is effectively ensured.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. Sorting device based on kitchen garbage handles, its characterized in that: comprises a first sorting mechanism and a second sorting mechanism, wherein a driving assembly (4) for providing driving power is arranged outside the first sorting mechanism and the second sorting mechanism;
the first sorting mechanism comprises a separation barrel (1), an inner net barrel (12) and a driving shaft (14) are rotatably connected to the inside of the separation barrel (1), a driving disc (16) is fixedly connected to the outside of the driving shaft (14), a material guiding blade (17) is fixedly connected to the outside of the driving disc (16), and a crushing cutter (141) is fixedly connected to the outside of the driving shaft (14);
the second sorting mechanism comprises a dewatering barrel (2), an inner bottom ring (21) and a filter plate (22) are fixedly connected inside the dewatering barrel (2), a slag cavity (211) is formed between the inner bottom ring (21) and the filter plate (22), a side net ring (24) is movably connected to the top of the filter plate (22), a rolling mechanism is arranged at the top of the filter plate (22) and is used for rolling kitchen waste inside the side net ring (24);
the device is characterized in that a converging cavity is formed between the bottom of the filter plate (22) and the dewatering barrel (2), a slag outlet (27) and a drain pipe (28) are fixedly connected to the outer portion of the dewatering barrel (2), the slag outlet (27) is communicated with the slag cavity (211), a slag valve for opening and closing is arranged between the slag outlet (27) and the slag cavity (211), and the drain pipe (28) is communicated with the converging cavity.
2. The kitchen waste treatment-based sorting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: separation bucket (1) slope sets up, separation bucket (1) is close to second sorting mechanism one end and sets up to the low side, top fixedly connected with feed inlet (11) of separation bucket (1), the top fixedly connected with stock guide (3) of feed inlet (11), separation chamber (13) have been seted up between the outside of intranet bucket (12) and separation bucket (1), the tip of drive shaft (14) is laminated with isolation otter board (18), the inner wall of drive shaft (14) is laminated with the outer lane of guide blade (17), the tip fixedly connected with elastic plate (171) of guide blade (17), aggregate mouth (181) that run through have been seted up to isolation otter board (18), discharge chamber has been seted up to one side that intranet bucket (12) were kept away from to separation bucket (1) and isolation otter board (18), the bin outlet has been seted up to the bottom in discharge chamber.
3. The kitchen waste treatment-based sorting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inside rotation of separation bucket (1) is connected with connecting axle (19), the tip fixedly connected with connecting gear (191) of connecting axle (19), the outside fixedly connected with outer ring gear (121) of intranet bucket (12), connecting gear (191) and outer ring gear (121) meshing are connected, be provided with power transmission's drive assembly (15) between connecting axle (19) and drive shaft (14), drive shaft (14) are used for driving connecting axle (19) rotation through drive assembly (15).
4. The kitchen waste treatment-based sorting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the inside swing joint of separation bucket (1) has outer scraper blade (122) and spray pipe (123), the outside at intranet bucket (12) is laminated to outer scraper blade (122), a plurality of elongated slots that run through have been seted up to the outside of outer scraper blade (122), spray pipe (123) set up between a plurality of elongated slots, spray pipe (123) are used for the inside kitchen garbage of water spray washing intranet bucket (12).
5. The kitchen waste treatment-based sorting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the top fixedly connected with connector (26) of dehydration bucket (2), connector (26) fixed connection is in the bottom of separation bucket (1), dehydration bucket (2) are used for through connector (26) intercommunication separation chamber (13), discharge gate (212) have been seted up between slag charge chamber (211) and the chamber that converges, the bottom fixedly connected with connecting rod (241) of side guipure (24), the bottom fixedly connected with sealing ring (242) of connecting rod (241), the size and the shape and the discharge gate (212) adaptation of sealing ring (242), the inside of dehydration bucket (2) is provided with riser (25) that are used for controlling side guipure (24) to go up and down, when the bottom laminating of side guipure (24) is at the top of filter (22), sealing ring (242) are located the bottom of discharge gate (212), and sealing ring (242) and discharge gate (212) are in the state of breaking away from.
6. The kitchen waste treatment-based sorting device according to claim 5, wherein: the top fixedly connected with ejection of compact guide rail (213) of slag charge chamber (211), the outside swing joint of ejection of compact guide rail (213) has pushing away material slider (214), pushing away material slider (214) including pushing away the material slide, pushing away material slide sliding connection in the inside of slag charge chamber (211).
7. The kitchen waste treatment-based sorting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rolling mechanism comprises a main shaft block (23) which is rotationally connected to the top of a filter plate (22), a pushing plate (231) is fixedly connected to the outside of the main shaft block (23), a mounting plate (232) is fixedly connected to the outside of the pushing plate (231), elastic rods (233) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting plate (232), two groups of pushing plates (231) are arranged, at least two pushing plates (231) are arranged, one group of pushing plates (231) is fixedly connected with movable scraping plates (234) through the mounting plate (232) and the elastic rods (233), and the other group of pushing plates (231) is fixedly connected with rolling wheels (235) through the mounting plate (232) and the elastic rods (233).
8. The kitchen waste treatment-based sorting device according to claim 7, wherein: every group the tip rotation of pushing away flitch (231) is connected with connecting block (237), the outside rotation of connecting block (237) is connected with side pressure wheel (238), the top fixedly connected with bump (236) of pushing away flitch (231), be provided with torsion ware (239) between connecting block (237) and bump (236), the inside swing joint of torsion ware (239) has torsional spring (2391), the both ends of torsional spring (2391) are first swivel (2392) and second swivel (2393) fixedly connected with respectively, the inside in torsion ware (239) is cup jointed in proper order to first swivel (2392) and second swivel (2393), the outside of first swivel (2392) and second swivel (2393) is equal fixedly connected with reset lever (2394), first swivel (2392), second swivel (2393) are passed through reset lever (2394) respectively with bump (236), connecting block (237) fixedly connected with, side pressure wheel (238) laminating is in the net of inner circle (24).
9. The kitchen waste treatment-based sorting device according to claim 4, wherein: the driving assembly (4) comprises a driving motor and a speed reducer, the driving assembly (4) drives the first sorting mechanism and the second sorting mechanism through the speed reducer, and the driving shaft (14) and the main shaft block (23) are fixedly connected with the output end of the speed reducer respectively.
10. Kitchen waste treatment method, a sorting device based on kitchen waste treatment according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: the sorting device also comprises an infrared detection system, a driving control system and a residue identification system;
the infrared detection system is arranged at the feeding end of the first sorting mechanism and is used for identifying whether stock enters or not;
the driving control system is in signal connection with the infrared detection system and is used for controlling the start and stop of the sorting device based on kitchen waste treatment;
the residue identification system is arranged in the second sorting mechanism and is used for detecting the sorting state in the second sorting mechanism;
the method comprises the following specific steps:
s1, when kitchen waste is put into a first sorting mechanism, an infrared detection system detects material entering, and material entering information is transmitted to a drive control system;
s2, receiving material entering information by a driving control system, controlling a sorting device to start by the driving control system, and carrying out mechanical identification sorting on the materials;
s3, controlling starting of a first sorting mechanism, wherein a driving shaft (14) drives a crushing knife (141) to crush kitchen waste into external packages, and a guide blade (17) rotates in an inner net barrel (12) to separate large-volume solid waste, fluid and soft garbage, wherein the large-volume garbage comprises large-volume metal tank garbage and aggregate garbage;
s4, the soft garbage with the fluid volume after being sorted by the first sorting mechanism enters the second sorting mechanism, and extrusion separation is carried out in the second sorting mechanism;
s5, detecting the material entering and separating states of the second sorting mechanism by the residue recognition system, controlling the second sorting mechanism to discharge and store residues after extrusion when the residue recognition system detects that the second sorting mechanism finishes extrusion and discharge of the residues, and guiding kitchen waste liquid after extrusion out of the second sorting mechanism for storage.
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