CN117358149B - Straw granulator and straw granulating method - Google Patents
Straw granulator and straw granulating method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117358149B CN117358149B CN202311675083.XA CN202311675083A CN117358149B CN 117358149 B CN117358149 B CN 117358149B CN 202311675083 A CN202311675083 A CN 202311675083A CN 117358149 B CN117358149 B CN 117358149B
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- straw
- rotating shaft
- cavity
- pressurizing
- driving
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- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
- B01J2/20—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by expressing the material, e.g. through sieves and fragmenting the extruded length
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/80—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/83—Mixing plants specially adapted for mixing in combination with disintegrating operations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/80—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/836—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers combining mixing with other treatments
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C21/00—Disintegrating plant with or without drying of the material
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of straw processing, in particular to a straw granulator and a straw granulating method, comprising a machine case provided with an upper cavity, a lower cavity and a side cavity, wherein the machine case is internally provided with: the first driving motor and the driving rotating shaft driven by the first driving motor rotate, and the driven rotating shaft is rotatably arranged at the middle end position of the lower cavity; a mixing mechanism for crushing the straw and mixing the straw and auxiliary materials; the blanking mechanism is used for shaping and extruding the shaped particles and is arranged in the lower cavity through a bearing rotating shaft. The method comprises the following steps: step S1, introducing a straw raw material with the water content less than 15.2% into the side cavity, and controlling the first driving motor and the second driving motor to be started; the first driving motor is utilized to drive the driving rotating shaft to rotate, so that the two are fully and uniformly mixed; the pressurizing roller provided with the pressurizing convex button is arranged by utilizing the bearing rotating shaft, so that the mixed materials can be pressurized and discharged conveniently.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of straw processing, in particular to a straw granulator and a straw granulation method.
Background
The straw pelleting is a complete set of mechanized production process of crushing, pressurizing and densifying. Wherein the straw comprises corn stalk, wheat, rice straw, edible fungus residue, chinese medicinal residue, cotton stalk, bark, etc. The straw granulation technology is an environment-friendly and energy-saving product production mode based on rural areas and taking biomass resources as advantages, and utilizes crop straw scale waste materials to change waste into valuable, thereby increasing income.
The prior art adopts common breaker and booster compressor to carry out processing operations to straw raw materials, like the disclosed straw granulator of publication No. CN210022037U, stirring leaf is located the top of distributing plate, still be equipped with the adjustment mechanism who adjusts the opening size of feed inlet on the distributing plate, like the disclosed straw feed granulator of publication No. CN214288062U, through locating reducing mechanism in smashing the storehouse, extrusion prilling device locates under the discharge opening, with the crushing operation to straw raw materials, but it all belongs to single-level processing operation, that is once only broken to straw, disposable operation is difficult to carry out effective or up to standard fine working to the straw that the texture is hard, can't guarantee crushing, the precision of smashing, very easily cause the accumulation jam of straw crushed aggregates in crushing equipment, also be difficult to realize the even mixing between straw raw materials and other auxiliary materials, can't realize the even distribution of various materials of straw granulation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the mixing and shaping processing of straw raw materials and auxiliary materials are difficult to carry out in the prior art, and provides a straw granulator and a straw granulating method.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the straw granulator comprises a machine case provided with an upper cavity, a lower cavity and side cavities, wherein the upper cavity is positioned in the middle of the upper end of the machine case, the lower cavity is arranged in the lower end of the machine case, the side cavities are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the upper cavity, and the bottom surface of each side cavity is of an inclined surface structure;
the machine case passes through side chamber top opening, set up the horizontal discharge gate of intercommunication upper chamber and lower chamber, the vertical discharge gate of intercommunication side chamber and upper chamber in the machine case, be provided with in the machine case:
the first driving motor and the driving rotating shaft driven by the first driving motor are fixedly arranged at the outer position of one side of the chassis, and the driving rotating shaft is rotatably arranged at the upper end position of the lower cavity;
the driven rotating shaft is rotatably arranged at the middle end position of the lower cavity;
a compounding mechanism for breaking straw and mixed straw and auxiliary material, compounding mechanism sets up in upper chamber, lower chamber and side chamber through drive pivot and driven pivot, compounding mechanism includes:
the steering rod is fixedly connected to one end of the driving rotating shaft extending out of the lower cavity, and the traction block is rotatably arranged on the steering rod;
the reciprocating swing rod is fixedly connected to one end of the driven rotating shaft extending out of the lower cavity, the reciprocating swing rod is sleeved in the traction square in a sliding manner, and the traction long hole is formed in the reciprocating swing rod;
the guide groove and the guide frame sleeved in the guide groove in a sliding way are arranged at the outer wall position of the case, and the guide frame is integrally connected with a traction long bolt sleeved in the traction long hole in a sliding way;
the telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the guide frame, the telescopic rod slides and extends into the side cavity, the crushed aggregates are sleeved in the side cavity in a sliding manner, a limiting groove for sleeving the telescopic rod in a sliding manner is formed in the crushed aggregates, and a reset spring fixedly connected with the telescopic rod is welded in the limiting groove;
the air inlet sleeve and the air outlet sleeve are fixedly extended into the upper cavity, the air outlet sleeve is fixedly communicated with the middle end of the air inlet sleeve, and the air outlet sleeve is communicated with the lower end of the side cavity;
the check valve is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the air inlet sleeve and is used for controlling air to enter the side cavity from the outside of the case;
the supercharging cam is fixedly sleeved on the driving rotating shaft, and the supercharging piston is slidably sleeved in the lower end of the air inlet sleeve;
the pressurizing plate is fixedly connected to the pressurizing piston piece and is sleeved in the upper cavity in a sliding manner;
the mixing mechanism further comprises:
the crushing cutter piece is fixedly arranged on the driving rotating shaft;
the extension discharging platform and the reciprocating screen are integrally arranged on the inner wall of the lower cavity, and the reciprocating screen is fixedly connected to the driven rotating shaft;
the second driving motor and the bearing rotating shaft driven by the second driving motor are fixedly arranged at the bottom end position of the chassis, and the bearing rotating shaft is rotatably arranged at the lower end position of the lower cavity;
a feed mechanism for moulding and extrusion moulding granule, feed mechanism sets up in the lower chamber through the bearing pivot, feed mechanism includes:
the molding blanking through holes are circumferentially equidistantly formed in the bottom end position of the chassis and are communicated with the lower cavity;
the synchronous support is fixedly connected to the upper end position of the bearing rotating shaft, and the supercharging roller is rotatably installed through the synchronous support;
the guide gear and the synchronous gear are respectively connected to the bearing rotating shaft and the pressurizing roller in a key way;
the supercharging convex buttons are circumferentially distributed on the supercharging roller at equal intervals.
Preferably, the guide frame is type structure.
Preferably, the reciprocating screen is located at a position below the extended discharge table.
A method of pelleting straw, the method comprising the steps of:
step S1, introducing straw raw materials with the water content less than 15.2% into the side cavity, controlling a first driving motor and a second driving motor to be started, driving a driving rotating shaft to rotate by the output end of the first driving motor, driving a crushing cutter piece and a pressurizing cam to synchronously perform unidirectional rotation movement by the driving rotating shaft, and simultaneously driving a reciprocating swing rod and a driven rotating shaft to synchronously perform left-right deflection movement by the driving rotating shaft through a steering pull rod and a traction square;
s2, the reciprocating swing rod drives the guide frame to linearly reciprocate in the guide groove through the traction long hole and the traction long bolt, the guide frame drives the two telescopic rods to reciprocate in the two side cavities, so that the telescopic rods move up and down in the limit grooves of the crushed aggregates, the reset spring is repeatedly pressed and traction driven, and the crushed aggregates are driven to slide up and down in the side cavities, so that straw raw materials in the side cavities are repeatedly rolled;
step S3, the pressurizing cam supports the pressurizing piston to move up and down in the rotating process, when the pressurizing piston moves down, air outside the case enters the air inlet sleeve, when the pressurizing piston moves up, the air in the air inlet sleeve is compressed into the air outlet sleeve and enters the side cavity under the control of the one-way valve, so that crushed straw raw materials stacked at a low position in the side cavity are subjected to wind power driving so as to be repeatedly crushed by the crushing wedge blocks, the crushed straw raw materials enter the upper cavity through the longitudinal discharge hole, the pressurizing piston drives the pressurizing plate to move up and down, and crushed straw raw materials in the upper cavity are subjected to further pressure crushing, so that crushed straw crushed materials enter the lower cavity through the transverse discharge hole;
s4, cutting the fallen straw crushed aggregates by the crushing cutter in the high-speed rotation process, introducing auxiliary materials into the case through the side cavity, enabling the auxiliary materials to enter the lower cavity through the upper cavity, enabling the crushed straw materials to fall onto the reciprocating screen through the extending discharging table, enabling the reciprocating screen to reciprocate by the driven rotating shaft so as to dynamically screen the mixed straw materials and the auxiliary materials, and enabling the crushed straw materials and the auxiliary materials to fall to the lower end of the lower cavity;
and S5, the output end of the second driving motor drives the bearing rotating shaft to rotate, the bearing rotating shaft rotates through the synchronous support, and the supercharging roller is limited by the guide gear to the synchronous gear in the rotating process, so that the supercharging roller revolves and rotates, and when the supercharging convex button on the supercharging roller contacts with the molding blanking through hole, the mixed material filled in the molding blanking through hole is extruded and discharged.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the invention, a side cavity, an upper cavity and a lower cavity which are sequentially communicated are formed in a machine case, a corresponding inclined bottom surface and a crushed aggregates wedge block are arranged in the side cavity, a first driving motor is utilized to drive a driving rotating shaft to rotate, the driving rotating shaft carries out guide frame linear reciprocating motion through a steering pull rod, a traction square block and a reciprocating swing rod, so that the telescopic rod is utilized to drive the crushed aggregates wedge block to perform inclined motion, and the straw raw materials are primarily crushed.
2. According to the invention, the air inlet sleeve and the air outlet sleeve which are integrally arranged in the case are used for driving air by using the pressurizing piston piece on the driving rotating shaft, so that the side cavity and the straw crushed aggregates in the upper cavity are driven by pressing, and further crushing operation of the straw crushed aggregates is facilitated.
3. According to the invention, the crushing cutter is arranged by the driving rotating shaft, and the reciprocating screen is arranged by the driven rotating shaft, so that the straw materials and the auxiliary materials are dynamically screened, and the full and uniform mixing of the straw materials and the auxiliary materials is ensured.
4. According to the invention, the bearing rotating shaft driven to rotate by the second driving motor is arranged in the lower cavity, the bearing rotating shaft is used for arranging the pressurizing roller provided with the pressurizing convex button, and the pressurizing convex button is provided with the shaping blanking through hole so as to be convenient for pressurizing and discharging the mixed materials.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a straw granulator according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a bottom view of a straw granulator according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a front cross-sectional view of a straw granulator according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the portion A of FIG. 3 according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a side cross-sectional view of a straw granulator according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of the portion B of FIG. 5 according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a blanking mechanism of a straw granulator according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a chassis; 101. an upper chamber; 102. a lower cavity; 103. a side cavity; 104. a transverse discharge port; 105. a longitudinal discharge port; 2. a first driving motor; 3. driving the rotating shaft; 4. crushing the knife; 5. a driven rotating shaft; 6. a steering tie rod; 7. a traction square; 8. a reciprocating swing rod; 9. a guide groove; 10. a guide frame; 11. traction long hole; 12. pulling the long bolt; 13. a telescopic rod; 14. a crushed aggregates wedge; 15. a limit groove; 16. a return spring; 17. an air inlet sleeve; 18. an exhaust sleeve; 19. a one-way valve; 20. a boost cam; 21. a pressurizing piston member; 22. a pressurizing plate; 23. an extension discharge table; 24. a reciprocating screen; 25. shaping a blanking through hole; 26. a second driving motor; 27. a bearing rotating shaft; 28. a synchronous support; 29. a pressurizing roller; 30. a guide gear; 31. a synchronizing gear; 32. a pressurizing knob.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 to 7, a straw granulator includes a housing 1 provided with an upper chamber 101, a lower chamber 102, and a side chamber 103.
The chassis 1 is provided with a first driving motor 2, a driving rotating shaft 3 driven by the first driving motor 2 to rotate, and a driven rotating shaft 5.
The first driving motor 2 is fixedly installed at the outer position of one side of the case 1, and the driving rotating shaft 3 is rotatably installed at the upper end position of the lower cavity 102.
The driven rotating shaft 5 is rotatably arranged at the middle end position of the lower cavity 102.
A compounding mechanism for breaking straw and mixed straw and auxiliary material, compounding mechanism sets up in upper chamber 101, lower chamber 102 and side cavity 103 through drive pivot 3 and driven pivot 5, and the specific reference specification figure 3-figure 6 on the one hand, compounding mechanism includes:
a steering pull rod 6 and a traction square 7, wherein the steering pull rod 6 is fixedly connected to one end of the driving rotating shaft 3 extending out of the lower cavity 102, and the traction square 7 is rotatably arranged on the steering pull rod 6;
the reciprocating swing rod 8 and the traction slot hole 11 are fixedly connected to one end of the driven rotating shaft 5 extending out of the lower cavity 102, the reciprocating swing rod 8 is sleeved in the traction square 7 in a sliding mode, the traction slot hole 11 is formed in the reciprocating swing rod 8, the driving rotating shaft 3 drives the steering pull rod 6 and the traction square 7 to rotate in a unidirectional mode, and the reciprocating swing rod 8 is pulled to perform reciprocating side-to-side swinging motion;
the guide groove 9 and the guide frame 10 sleeved in the guide groove 9 in a sliding way are arranged at the outer wall position of the case 1, the guide frame 10 is integrally connected with a traction long bolt 12 sleeved in a traction long hole 11 in a sliding way, and the reciprocating swing rod 8 pulls the guide frame 10 to perform linear reciprocating motion on the case 1 in the left-right swinging process so as to carry out traction driving on the telescopic rod 13;
referring to fig. 6 of the specification, the telescopic rod 13 is fixedly connected with the crushed aggregates wedge 14 corresponding to the inclined bottom surface of the side cavity 103, the telescopic rod 13 is fixedly connected with the guide frame 10, the telescopic rod 13 is slidably extended into the side cavity 103, the crushed aggregates wedge 14 is slidably sleeved in the side cavity 103, a limiting groove 15 for slidably sleeved with the telescopic rod 13 is formed in the crushed aggregates wedge 14, and a reset spring 16 fixedly connected with the telescopic rod 13 is welded in the limiting groove 15, because the bottom surface of the side cavity 103 is obliquely arranged, the crushed aggregates wedge 14 with a wedge-shaped structure can only perform oblique movement under the condition of being pulled by the telescopic rod 13, and in order to compensate for the height position difference, the telescopic rod 13 moves up and down relative to the crushed aggregates wedge 14;
the air inlet sleeve 17 and the air outlet sleeve 18, the air inlet sleeve 17 fixedly extends into the upper cavity 101, the air outlet sleeve 18 is fixedly communicated with the middle end of the air inlet sleeve 17, and the air outlet sleeve 18 is communicated with the lower end of the side cavity 103;
the one-way valve 19 is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the air inlet sleeve 17, the one-way valve 19 is used for controlling air to enter the side cavity 103 from the outside of the chassis 1, and it is notable that the air inlet sleeve 17 and the air outlet sleeve 18 form a three-way pipe structure together, one-way opening and closing control is carried out on an opening of one end of the three-way pipe for absorbing air through the one-way valve 19, and the movement control of the air is realized by using the pressurizing piston piece 21;
the movable propped pressurizing cam 20 and the pressurizing piston piece 21 are fixedly sleeved on the driving rotating shaft 3, the pressurizing piston piece 21 is sleeved in the lower end of the air inlet sleeve 17 in a sliding manner, and air in the air inlet sleeve 17 and the air outlet sleeve 18 is controlled to quickly enter the side cavity 103 so as to perform wind power driving on straw raw materials accumulated in the side cavity 103, so that straw crushed aggregates are repeatedly contacted with the crushed aggregate wedge block 14;
the pressurizing plate 22, the pressurizing plate 22 is fixedly connected to the pressurizing piston member 21, and the pressurizing plate 22 is sleeved in the upper cavity 101 in a sliding manner, and the pressurizing plate 22 moving up and down can further pressurize and crush straw crushed aggregates entering the upper cavity 101;
in another aspect, the mixing mechanism further comprises the following components:
the crushing cutter piece 4, the crushing cutter piece 4 is fixedly arranged on the driving rotating shaft 3;
the extension discharging table 23 and the reciprocating screen 24 are integrally arranged on the inner wall of the lower cavity 102, the reciprocating screen 24 is fixedly connected to the driven rotating shaft 5, the crushing cutter 4 can comprehensively cut and crush falling straw crushed aggregates in the rotating process, and the straw crushed aggregates falling onto the reciprocating screen 24 move synchronously along with auxiliary materials and uniformly fall into the lower cavity 102 under the dynamic sieving effect.
The second driving motor 26 and the bearing rotating shaft 27 driven by the second driving motor 26 to rotate, the second driving motor 26 is fixedly installed at the bottom end position of the chassis 1, and the bearing rotating shaft 27 is rotatably installed at the lower end position of the lower cavity 102.
A feed mechanism for moulding and extrusion moulding granule, feed mechanism pass through bearing pivot 27 and set up in lower chamber 102, and the specific reference is in description fig. 5 and fig. 7, and feed mechanism includes:
the molding blanking through holes 25 are circumferentially equidistantly formed in the bottom end position of the chassis 1, and the molding blanking through holes 25 are communicated with the lower cavity 102;
the synchronous support 28 and the pressurizing roller 29 are fixedly connected to the upper end position of the bearing rotating shaft 27, and the pressurizing roller 29 is rotatably installed through the synchronous support 28;
the guide gear 30 and the synchronous gear 31 are respectively connected to the bearing rotating shaft 27 and the pressurizing roller 29 in a key way, and the pressurizing roller 29 can also perform autorotation movement in the revolution process because of the guide limiting function of the guide gear 30 on the synchronous gear 31;
the pressurizing convex buttons 32 are circumferentially and equidistantly distributed on the pressurizing roller 29, and the pressurizing convex buttons 32 moving along with the pressurizing roller 29 are sequentially contacted with the circumferentially distributed molding blanking through holes 25 so as to squeeze the straw and auxiliary material mixture in the molding blanking through holes 25, thereby realizing compression molding and discharging.
Noteworthy are:
the upper cavity 101 is positioned at the middle part of the upper end of the case 1, the lower cavity 102 is arranged at the lower end of the case 1, the side cavities 103 are symmetrically arranged at the two sides of the upper cavity 101, and the bottom surface of the side cavity 103 is of an inclined surface structure;
the top end of the side cavity 103 of the machine case 1 is opened, and a transverse discharging hole 104 for communicating the upper cavity 101 with the lower cavity 102 and a longitudinal discharging hole 105 for communicating the side cavity 103 with the upper cavity 101 are formed in the machine case 1.
The guide frame 10 has a type structure.
The reciprocating screen 24 is located below the extended discharging table 23, and a gap space exists between the reciprocating screen 24 and the side wall of the lower cavity 102 during the bidirectional swinging process, so that the reciprocating screen 24 is arranged below the extended discharging table 23 in order to avoid the falling of the straw and the auxiliary materials from the gap space.
The invention can explain the functional principle by a straw pelleting method related to the straw pelleting machine, and the method comprises the following steps:
step S1, introducing straw raw materials with the water content less than 15.2% into the side cavity 103, wherein when the auxiliary materials for manufacturing straw particles do not reach the required precision standard, pouring a large volume of auxiliary materials into the side cavity 103, synchronously crushing and crushing the auxiliary materials and the straw raw materials, controlling the first driving motor 2 and the second driving motor 26 to be started, driving the driving rotating shaft 3 to rotate by the output end of the first driving motor 2, driving the crushing cutter 4 to synchronously perform unidirectional rotation with the pressurizing cam 20 by the driving rotating shaft 3, and simultaneously driving the reciprocating swing rod 8 to synchronously perform left-right deflection with the driven rotating shaft 5 by the driving rotating shaft 3 through the steering pull rod 6 and the traction square 7;
step S2, the reciprocating swing rod 8 drives the guide frame 10 to linearly reciprocate in the guide groove 9 through the traction long hole 11 and the traction long bolt 12, the guide frame 10 drives the two telescopic rods 13 to reciprocate in the two side cavities 103, the telescopic rods 13 move up and down in the limit grooves 15 of the crushed aggregates 14, the reset spring 16 is repeatedly pressed and traction driven, and the crushed aggregates 14 are further driven to slide up and down in the side cavities 103, so that straw raw materials in the side cavities 103 are repeatedly rolled;
step S3, the pressurizing cam 20 supports the pressurizing piston piece 21 to move up and down in the rotating process, when the pressurizing piston piece 21 moves down, air outside the machine case 1 enters the air inlet sleeve 17, when the pressurizing piston piece 21 moves up, the air in the air inlet sleeve 17 is compressed into the air outlet sleeve 18 and enters the side cavity 103 due to the control of the one-way valve 19, the crushed straw raw materials in the side cavity 103 are subjected to wind power driving so as to repeatedly crush and crush the straw raw materials by the crushing wedge block 14, the crushed straw raw materials enter the upper cavity 101 through the longitudinal discharge hole 105, the pressurizing piston piece 21 drives the pressurizing plate 22 to move up and down so as to further pressurize and crush the crushed straw raw materials in the upper cavity 101, the crushed straw crushed materials enter the lower cavity 102 through the transverse discharge hole 104, and the air outlet sleeve 18 is communicated with the lower end of the side cavity 103 so as to drive the straw raw materials from bottom to top;
step S4, the crushing cutter 4 performs cutting operation on the fallen straw crushed aggregates in the high-speed rotation process, meanwhile, auxiliary materials are led into the machine case 1 through the side cavity 103, the auxiliary materials enter the lower cavity 102 through the upper cavity 101, the crushed straw materials fall onto the reciprocating screen 24 through the extending discharging table 23, the reciprocating screen 24 is driven to do reciprocating deflection motion by the driven rotating shaft 5, so that the mixed straw materials and the auxiliary materials are dynamically screened, and the mixed straw materials and the auxiliary materials fall to the lower end position of the lower cavity 102;
in step S5, the output end of the second driving motor 26 drives the bearing rotating shaft 27 to rotate, the bearing rotating shaft 27 rotates through the synchronous support 28, the pressurizing roller 29 rotates while revolving due to the limit of the guide gear 30 to the synchronous gear 31, when the pressurizing convex button 32 on the pressurizing roller 29 contacts with the molding blanking through hole 25, the mixed material filled in the molding blanking through hole 25 is extruded and discharged, and the straw crushed aggregates and the auxiliary materials are uniformly spread in the lower cavity 102 to be filled in the molding blanking through hole 25, and then the pressurizing convex button 32 is utilized to drive the pressurizing roller to press, so that the molding and discharging are realized.
It should be noted that, the specific model specification of the motor needs to be determined by selecting the model according to the actual specification of the device, and the specific model selection calculation method adopts the prior art in the field, so that the description is omitted.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The straw granulator comprises a machine case (1) provided with an upper cavity (101), a lower cavity (102) and side cavities (103), and is characterized in that the upper cavity (101) is positioned at the middle part of the upper end of the machine case (1), the lower cavity (102) is arranged at the lower end of the machine case (1), the side cavities (103) are symmetrically arranged at the two sides of the upper cavity (101), and the bottom surface of the side cavities (103) is of an inclined surface structure;
the machine case (1) is opened through the top end of the side cavity (103), a transverse discharge hole (104) for communicating the upper cavity (101) with the lower cavity (102) and a longitudinal discharge hole (105) for communicating the side cavity (103) with the upper cavity (101) are formed in the machine case (1), and the machine case (1) is provided with:
the device comprises a first driving motor (2) and a driving rotating shaft (3) driven to rotate by the first driving motor (2), wherein the first driving motor (2) is fixedly arranged at the outer position of one side of a chassis (1), and the driving rotating shaft (3) is rotatably arranged at the upper end position of a lower cavity (102);
the driven rotating shaft (5) is rotatably arranged at the middle end position of the lower cavity (102) on the driven rotating shaft (5);
a compounding mechanism for crushing straw and mixed straw and auxiliary material, compounding mechanism sets up in upper chamber (101), lower chamber (102) and side chamber (103) through drive pivot (3) and driven pivot (5), compounding mechanism includes:
the steering pull rod (6) and the traction square block (7), the steering pull rod (6) is fixedly connected to one end of the driving rotating shaft (3) extending out of the lower cavity (102), and the traction square block (7) is rotatably arranged on the steering pull rod (6);
the reciprocating swing rod (8) and the traction long hole (11), the reciprocating swing rod (8) is fixedly connected to one end of the driven rotating shaft (5) extending out of the lower cavity (102), the reciprocating swing rod (8) is sleeved in the traction square block (7) in a sliding manner, and the traction long hole (11) is formed in the reciprocating swing rod (8);
the guide groove (9) and the guide frame (10) which is sleeved in the guide groove (9) in a sliding way are arranged at the outer wall position of the case (1), and the guide frame (10) is integrally connected with a traction long bolt (12) which is sleeved in the traction long hole (11) in a sliding way;
the telescopic rod (13) is fixedly connected with the guide frame (10) and slidably extends into the side cavity (103), the telescopic rod (13) is slidably sleeved in the side cavity (103), a limiting groove (15) slidably sleeved with the telescopic rod (13) is formed in the telescopic rod (14), and a reset spring (16) fixedly connected with the telescopic rod (13) is welded in the limiting groove (15);
the air inlet sleeve (17) and the air outlet sleeve (18), wherein the air inlet sleeve (17) fixedly extends into the upper cavity (101), the air outlet sleeve (18) is fixedly communicated with the middle end of the air inlet sleeve (17), and the air outlet sleeve (18) is communicated with the lower end of the side cavity (103);
the one-way valve (19) is fixedly arranged at the upper end position of the air inlet sleeve (17), and the one-way valve (19) is used for controlling air to enter the side cavity (103) from the outside of the case (1);
the supercharging device comprises a supercharging cam (20) and a supercharging piston piece (21) which are movably abutted, wherein the supercharging cam (20) is fixedly sleeved on a driving rotating shaft (3), and the supercharging piston piece (21) is slidably sleeved in the lower end of an air inlet sleeve (17);
the pressurizing plate (22), the pressurizing plate (22) is fixedly connected to the pressurizing piston piece (21), and the pressurizing plate (22) is sleeved in the upper cavity (101) in a sliding manner;
the mixing mechanism further comprises:
the crushing cutter (4) is fixedly arranged on the driving rotating shaft (3);
the extension discharging table (23) and the reciprocating screen (24) are integrally arranged on the inner wall of the lower cavity (102), and the reciprocating screen (24) is fixedly connected to the driven rotating shaft (5);
the second driving motor (26) and a bearing rotating shaft (27) driven by the second driving motor (26) to rotate, the second driving motor (26) is fixedly arranged at the bottom end position of the chassis (1), and the bearing rotating shaft (27) is rotatably arranged at the lower end position of the lower cavity (102);
a feed mechanism for moulding and extrusion moulding granule, feed mechanism passes through bearing pivot (27) to be set up in lower chamber (102), feed mechanism includes:
the molding blanking through holes (25) are circumferentially equidistantly formed in the bottom end position of the chassis (1), and the molding blanking through holes (25) are communicated with the lower cavity (102);
the synchronous support (28) and the pressurizing roller (29), the synchronous support (28) is fixedly connected to the upper end position of the bearing rotating shaft (27), and the pressurizing roller (29) is rotatably installed through the synchronous support (28);
the guide gear (30) and the synchronous gear (31), wherein the guide gear (30) and the synchronous gear (31) are respectively connected to the bearing rotating shaft (27) and the pressurizing roller (29) in a key way;
the supercharging convex buttons (32) are circumferentially distributed on the supercharging roller (29) at equal intervals.
2. A straw granulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide frame (10) is of a type construction.
3. A straw granulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the reciprocating screen (24) is located in a position below the extended discharge table (23).
4. A method of pelletising straw in a straw pelletiser according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the method comprises the steps of:
step S1, guiding straw raw materials with the water content less than 15.2% into the side cavity (103), controlling a first driving motor (2) and a second driving motor (26) to be started, driving a driving rotating shaft (3) to rotate by the output end of the first driving motor (2), driving a crushing cutter (4) and a pressurizing cam (20) to synchronously perform unidirectional rotation, and simultaneously driving the rotating shaft (3) to synchronously perform left-right deflection motion by driving a reciprocating swing rod (8) and a driven rotating shaft (5) through a steering pull rod (6) and a traction square block (7);
step S2, the reciprocating swing rod (8) drives the guide frame (10) to linearly reciprocate in the guide groove (9) through the traction long hole (11) and the traction long bolt (12), the guide frame (10) drives the two telescopic rods (13) to reciprocate in the two side cavities (103), the telescopic rods (13) move up and down in the limit grooves (15) of the crushed aggregates wedge blocks (14), the reset spring (16) is repeatedly pressed and traction driven, and the crushed aggregates wedge blocks (14) are further driven to slide up and down in the side cavities (103) so as to repeatedly grind straw raw materials in the side cavities (103);
step S3, the pressurizing cam (20) supports the pressurizing piston (21) to move up and down in the rotating process, when the pressurizing piston (21) moves down, air outside the case (1) enters the air inlet sleeve (17), when the pressurizing piston (21) moves up, the air in the air inlet sleeve (17) is compressed into the air outlet sleeve (18) and enters the side cavity (103) under the control of the one-way valve (19), the crushed straw raw materials stacked at a low position in the side cavity (103) are subjected to wind power driving so as to be repeatedly crushed by the crushed straw wedge blocks (14), the crushed straw raw materials enter the upper cavity (101) through the longitudinal discharge hole (105), the pressurizing piston (21) drives the pressurizing plate (22) to move up and down, and crushed straw raw materials in the upper cavity (101) are further crushed under pressure, and the crushed straw raw materials enter the lower cavity (102) through the transverse discharge hole (104);
s4, cutting the fallen straw crushed aggregates in the high-speed rotation process by the crushing cutter (4), introducing auxiliary materials into the machine case (1) through the side cavity (103), enabling the auxiliary materials to enter the lower cavity (102) through the upper cavity (101), enabling crushed straw materials to fall onto the reciprocating screen (24) through the extending discharging table (23), enabling the reciprocating screen (24) to reciprocate by the driven rotating shaft (5) so as to dynamically screen the mixed straw materials and the auxiliary materials, and enabling the crushed straw materials to fall to the lower end of the lower cavity (102);
and S5, the output end of the second driving motor (26) drives the bearing rotating shaft (27) to rotate, the bearing rotating shaft (27) rotates through the synchronous support (28), and the pressurizing roller (29) limits the synchronous gear (31) in the rotating process because of the guide gear (30), so that the pressurizing roller (29) rotates while revolving, and when the pressurizing convex button (32) on the pressurizing roller (29) contacts with the molding blanking through hole (25), the mixed material filled in the molding blanking through hole (25) is extruded and discharged.
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