CN116027331A - Calibration system and method for on-board phased array weather radar - Google Patents
Calibration system and method for on-board phased array weather radar Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a calibration system and a calibration method of a ship-borne phased array weather radar, wherein the system comprises the following steps: the system comprises a radar display control terminal, a main control module, a radio frequency module, a signal processing module, an antenna module and a power supply module; the radar display control terminal sends corresponding control instructions to the main control module through a communication link according to the operation requirements; the main control module receives and analyzes the control instruction of the radar display control terminal, and transmits the control instruction to each module to collect and control the time sequence of the state monitoring information of the whole system, and receives the calibration result and the working state and parameter information transmitted back by each module and transmits the result to the radar display control terminal. The system and the method provided by the invention can calibrate each transmitting or receiving channel one by one, realize finer real-time calibration of the on-board phased array weather radar in a high-altitude environment, are convenient to calibrate and short in time, ensure the accuracy and the usability of the detection data of the phased array weather radar, have low system complexity and light equipment weight, and have the characteristics of light and small and low power consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of radar detection, in particular to a calibration system and method of a ship-borne phased array weather radar.
Background
Currently, weather radars are widely used for obtaining rich weather information and can be carried on ground platforms, airborne platforms, satellite-borne platforms and boat-borne platforms. Compared with a ground platform, the boat carrying platform has better maneuverability, and can reach areas without erecting ground detection equipment, such as deserts, deep sea and the like; compared with an airborne platform, the boat-mounted platform can maintain longer residence time, and continuous tracking and observation of meteorological targets such as typhoons are realized; compared with a satellite-borne platform, the boat-borne platform has finer detection effect and lower cost due to the fact that the boat-borne platform is closer to a meteorological process. In summary, the boat carrier typhoon detection radar can carry out finer detection on the atmosphere, improves the atmospheric research level, particularly enhances the monitoring and forecasting capability on typhoons, storm and other weather disasters, fills up the gap between ground radar and satellite-borne radar detection, is an important supplement for cloud and rain atmosphere detection outside the ground radar and the satellite-borne radar detection, and is an important component for establishing a cloud and rain detection air-day-ground comprehensive detection system.
The on-board phased array weather radar is mainly used for observing the atmosphere above the ground in a large range, such as typhoons, and can acquire more abundant weather information after further processing the ground by carrying out vertical fine scanning on weather targets such as typhoons and exploring the internal structure of disastrous weather such as typhoons and the like and transmitting the data obtained by the radar to the ground through a communication link after processing. The application scene is mainly a stratosphere flying platform, and aiming at the characteristics of the application scene and the environment, the radar needs to pay attention to and solve the problems in the following aspects when being designed and developed:
firstly, the airship platform has limited load and power supply capacity, and the airship platform wind detection radar is required to perform electric function integration, structural design optimization and the like, so that the characteristics of light weight, small size and low power consumption are realized. Secondly, the airship platform has a certain movement speed, and has three-axis gesture swing, so that the radar is required to have the capacity of stabilizing wave beams, and meanwhile, the platform movement is compensated, so that accurate and effective detection results are ensured to be obtained. Moreover, the radar performs meteorological detection downwards from high altitude, sea clutter can influence the detection of meteorological targets, especially low-altitude meteorological targets at offshore surfaces, so that the radar can fully realize radar detection performance only by adopting effective sea clutter suppression measures. The radar of the phased array system has the advantages of flexible beam switching, no need of mechanical scanning, small power of a single path T/R, high synthesis efficiency and the like, and becomes a preferred choice of the carrier gas image radar of the boat.
The on-board phased array weather radar works under the condition of the stratosphere environment, the stratosphere environment has the characteristics of low temperature, low air pressure and small air density, the temperature is generally about-56 ℃, the temperature reaches-85 ℃ under the extreme condition, and the air pressure is only about 5.5kPa and is 1/18 of the ground. Therefore, the boat typhoon detection radar must have good low-temperature and low-pressure adaptability, and also adapt to the severe change of temperature and air pressure in the lift-off process of the radar.
However, the above environmental conditions all bring about the performance change of the microwave and the electronic device, especially the phased array radar has more channels, the parameter change of each channel is sensitive, and the overall performance is more easily affected by the environmental change. In addition, inversion of the meteorological targets by the meteorological radar is quantitative measurement, various parameters and measurement results of the radar need to be corrected, otherwise, accuracy and usability of detection data of the phased array meteorological radar are difficult to ensure.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides a calibration system and a calibration method for the on-board phased array weather radar, which have the characteristics of low system complexity, light equipment weight, light weight, miniaturization and low power consumption; the method has the advantages that the performance change of transmitting and receiving of each channel is calibrated one by one, finer real-time calibration of the on-board phased array weather radar in a high-altitude environment is realized, the calibration is convenient to perform and short in time, the accuracy and the usability of the phased array weather radar detection data are guaranteed, and the problems in the background art are solved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a calibration system for a phased array weather radar on board a ship, including:
the system comprises a radar display control terminal, a main control module, a radio frequency module, a signal processing module, an antenna module and a power supply module;
the radar display control terminal is used for sending corresponding control instructions to the main control module through a communication link according to operation requirements, receiving calibration results and working state and parameter information fed back by the main control module, and displaying and storing the calibration results and the working state and the parameter information;
the main control module is used for receiving and analyzing control instructions of the radar display control terminal, issuing the control instructions to each module to collect and control the time sequence of state monitoring information of the whole system, receiving calibration results and working state and parameter information transmitted back by each module, and transmitting the results to the radar display control terminal;
the radio frequency module is used for generating an emission excitation signal, sending the emission excitation signal to the antenna module, receiving an echo signal fed back by the antenna module, performing down-conversion treatment on the echo signal, sending the echo signal to the signal processing module, performing analog-to-digital sampling and digital down-conversion treatment on the echo signal processed by the radio frequency module, extracting the echo signal to obtain a calibration result, and feeding the calibration result back to the main control module or performing local storage;
an antenna module, comprising: the antenna array surface, the coupling waveguide, a plurality of T/R components, a wave control component, a power division network and a switch network;
the switch network is used for switching into a transmitting calibration working mode or a receiving calibration working mode through different states of the switch according to a control command issued by the main control module, determining corresponding transmitting excitation signals and receiving echo signals under different working modes, and detecting the states of all transmitting channels or receiving channels and calibrating online;
the power division network is used for carrying out power distribution on the emission excitation signal and carrying out power synthesis on the received echo signal;
the wave control component is used for calculating a transmitting phase matching value and a transmitting amplitude control value of a transmitting excitation signal of each T/R component, and a receiving phase shifting value and a receiving gain control value of a receiving echo signal according to the issued control instruction, and sending the receiving phase shifting value and the receiving gain control value to the corresponding T/R component;
the T/R components are used for carrying out power amplification on the transmitting excitation signal and the receiving echo signal to obtain an amplified transmitting signal and an amplified echo signal, and controlling the phases and the amplitudes of the transmitting excitation signal and the receiving echo signal;
the antenna array surface is used for providing the radiation direction of the transmitted signal and the receiving direction of the echo signal;
the coupling waveguide is positioned between the antenna array surface and the T/R component and is used for coupling and outputting a transmitting signal to obtain a transmitting calibration signal and coupling a receiving calibration signal to the T/R component and the antenna array surface;
and the power supply module is used for supplying power to each module, controlling the power supply module and monitoring the power utilization state of each module.
Optionally, the switching network is a microwave active component having 4 ports, including: the device comprises a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, a circulator and an attenuator, wherein all components are connected through an interconnection transmission line, and the flow direction of an internal radio frequency signal can be flexibly switched based on the control of a main control module.
Optionally, the determining of the coupling waveguide includes: two transverse slits are formed on the narrow side of the back face of the input end of the radiation waveguide, the positions of the transverse slits are continuously adjusted to obtain optimal signal coupling degree and isolation degree, and the coupling waveguide is obtained and comprises: a vertically polarized coupling waveguide and a horizontally polarized coupling waveguide.
Optionally, the control instruction includes: the current working mode, the number of the current calibrated T/R assembly and the corrected amplitude and phase value of each T/R assembly; an operating mode, comprising: the method comprises a transmitting calibration working mode, a receiving calibration working mode and a compensating calibration working mode after calibration.
Optionally, the calibration result is amplitude and phase information of each T/R component and amplitude and phase information of each T/R component after calibration compensation calibration.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a calibration method for a phased array weather radar on board a ship, including:
the radar display control terminal sends corresponding control instructions to the main control module through a communication link according to the operation requirements;
the main control module receives the control instruction of the radar display control terminal, analyzes and processes the control instruction and then transmits the control instruction to each module to acquire and control the time sequence of the state monitoring information of the whole system; generating a transmitting excitation signal by controlling the radio frequency module, sending the transmitting excitation signal to the antenna module, receiving an echo signal fed back by the antenna module, performing down-conversion processing on the echo signal, and sending the echo signal to the signal processing module; the antenna module is controlled to transmit the calibration working mode, receive the calibration working mode or compensate the calibration working mode after calibration, the corresponding amplitude and phase information of the transmission channel, the receiving channel or the compensation calibration after calibration of each T/R assembly is obtained, the calibration result is obtained through the processing of the radio frequency module and the signal processing module, and the calibration result, the working state and the parameter information are transmitted to the radar display control terminal.
Optionally, the process of obtaining amplitude and phase information of the transmit channels of each T/R assembly includes: based on the control of the main control module, the emission excitation signal output by the radio frequency module excites the emission channel in the T/R assembly through the switch network and the power division network, obtains an emission coupling calibration signal after coupling through the coupling waveguide and feeds the emission coupling calibration signal into the radio frequency module through the switch network, and then the emission coupling calibration signal is converted into a digital signal through the signal processing module to complete the processing and extraction of the digital signal, so that the amplitude and phase information of the emission channel of each T/R assembly are obtained.
Optionally, the process of obtaining amplitude and phase information of the receiving channels of each T/R assembly includes: based on the control of the main control module, the transmitting excitation signal output by the radio frequency module is coupled through the switch network and the coupling waveguide to obtain the receiving coupling calibration signal, the receiving calibration signal is fed into the receiving channel in the T/R assembly, the receiving calibration signal is fed into the radio frequency module through the power dividing network and the switch network, and then the receiving calibration signal is converted into a digital signal through the signal processing module to complete the processing and extraction of the digital signal, and the amplitude and phase information of the receiving channel of each T/R assembly are extracted.
Optionally, the process of obtaining corrected amplitude and phase information for post-calibration compensation of each T/R assembly includes:
when the radar is carried on the airship platform and is in a transmitting or receiving calibration working mode, the radar display and control terminal sequentially remotely controls each T/R assembly to transmit or receive calibration channel by channel, and the transmitting or receiving amplitude value and the receiving phase value of each channel are recorded; and subtracting the corresponding amplitude of each channel from the amplitude of the 1 st channel, and subtracting the corresponding phase value of each channel from the phase value of the 1 st channel to obtain amplitude difference values and phase difference values of the corresponding transmission channels as real-time transmission calibration data or amplitude difference values and phase difference values of the corresponding receiving channels as real-time receiving calibration data;
comparing the real-time emission calibration data of each emission channel with corresponding emission calibration reference data to obtain a calibration difference value of each channel, compensating the real-time emission calibration data, and then using the real-time emission calibration data as an emission phase matching value and an emission amplitude control value which are sent to each T/R assembly by the wave control assembly to finish the calibration of the amplitude and phase information of each emission channel; and performing the same operation on each receiving channel as the transmitting channel to calibrate the amplitude and phase information of each receiving channel, and obtaining the amplitude and phase information of the corresponding calibrated compensation correction of each T/R component.
Optionally, the determining process of transmitting or receiving the calibration reference data includes: after the radar completes debugging on the ground and the test of each technical index is qualified, calibrating the signals of each transmitting channel one by one to obtain the amplitude value and the phase value of each transmitting channel; subtracting the amplitude value of the 1 st channel from the amplitude value of each transmitting channel and subtracting the phase value of the 1 st channel from the phase value of each transmitting channel respectively to obtain amplitude difference values and phase difference values of the corresponding transmitting channels, and storing the amplitude difference values and the phase difference values as transmitting calibration reference data; and performing the same operation as the transmitting channel on each receiving channel to obtain the receiving calibration reference data.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
the invention provides a calibration system and a calibration method for a ship-borne phased array weather radar, wherein the system comprises the following steps: the system comprises a radar display control terminal, a main control module, a radio frequency module, a signal processing module, an antenna module and a power supply module; the radar display control terminal sends corresponding control instructions to the main control module through a communication link according to the operation requirements; the main control module receives and analyzes the control instruction of the radar display control terminal, and transmits the control instruction to each module to collect and control the time sequence of the state monitoring information of the whole system, and receives the calibration result and the working state and parameter information transmitted back by each module and transmits the result to the radar display control terminal; the radio frequency module generates a transmitting excitation signal, sends the transmitting excitation signal to the antenna module and receives an echo signal fed back by the antenna module, performs down-conversion treatment on the echo signal, and then sends the echo signal to the signal processing module, the signal processing module performs analog-digital sampling and digital down-conversion treatment on the echo signal processed by the radio frequency module, extracts the echo signal to obtain a calibration result, and feeds the calibration result back to the main control module or performs local storage; an antenna module, comprising: the antenna array surface, the coupling waveguide, a plurality of T/R components, a wave control component, a power division network and a switch network; the switch network is switched into a transmitting calibration working mode or a receiving calibration working mode through different states of the switch according to a control command issued by the main control module, corresponding transmitting excitation signals and receiving echo signals in different working modes are determined, and states of all transmitting channels or receiving channels are detected and calibrated online; the power division network performs power distribution on the transmitted excitation signal and performs power synthesis on the received echo signal; the wave control component calculates a transmitting phase matching value and a transmitting amplitude control value of a transmitting excitation signal of each T/R component, and a receiving phase shifting value and a receiving gain control value of a receiving echo signal according to the issued control instruction, and sends the transmitting phase matching value and the transmitting amplitude control value to the corresponding T/R component; the T/R components amplify the power of the transmitting excitation signal and the receiving echo signal to obtain an amplified transmitting signal and an amplified echo signal, and control the phase and the amplitude of the transmitting excitation signal and the receiving echo signal; the antenna array surface provides a radiation direction of a transmitting signal and a receiving direction of an echo signal; the coupling waveguide is positioned between the antenna array surface and the T/R component and is used for coupling and outputting a transmitting signal to obtain a transmitting calibration signal and coupling a receiving calibration signal to the T/R component and the antenna array surface; and the power supply module is used for supplying power to each module, controlling the power supply module and monitoring the power utilization state of each module. The system and the method provided by the invention can calibrate the performance change of each channel for transmitting and receiving one by one, realize finer real-time calibration of the on-board phased array weather radar in a high-altitude environment, ensure the accuracy and the usability of the detection data of the phased array weather radar, and have the characteristics of low system complexity, light equipment weight, light weight and low power consumption.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a calibration system for a phased array weather radar for a watercraft provided in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of connection relation of an antenna module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the switching network components provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a horizontally polarized coupling waveguide provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a vertically polarized coupling waveguide provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a calibration system for a phased array weather radar for a watercraft provided in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the following description will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments, but not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as not to unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present disclosure. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
In addition, the technical features of the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
Example 1
The embodiment of the invention provides a calibration system of a ship-borne phased array weather radar, as shown in fig. 1, comprising: the system comprises a radar display control terminal, a main control module, a radio frequency module, a signal processing module, an antenna module and a power supply module.
In this embodiment, the radar display control terminal is configured to send a corresponding control instruction to the main control module through the communication link according to an operation requirement, and receive a calibration result and working state and parameter information fed back by the main control module for display and storage. In this embodiment, the control instruction includes: the current working mode, the number of the current calibrated T/R assembly and the corrected amplitude and phase value of each T/R assembly; an operating mode, comprising: the method comprises a transmitting calibration working mode, a receiving calibration working mode and a compensating calibration working mode after calibration.
The calibration result in this embodiment is the amplitude and phase information of each T/R component and the amplitude and phase information of each T/R component after calibration is compensated and corrected.
In this embodiment, the main control module is configured to receive and parse a control instruction of the radar display control terminal, and send the control instruction to each module to collect and control time and time of state monitoring information of the whole system, and receive a calibration result and working state and parameter information returned by each module, and send the result to the radar display control terminal.
In this embodiment, the radio frequency module is configured to generate an emission excitation signal, send the emission excitation signal to the antenna module, receive an echo signal fed back by the antenna module, perform down-conversion processing on the echo signal, and send the echo signal to the signal processing module, where the signal processing module performs analog-to-digital sampling and digital down-conversion processing on the echo signal processed by the radio frequency module, and then extracts the echo signal to obtain a calibration result, and feed the calibration result back to the main control module or perform local storage.
In this embodiment, the antenna module includes: the antenna array surface, the coupling waveguide, a plurality of T/R components, a wave control component, a power division network and a switch network; the switch network is used for switching into a transmitting calibration working mode or a receiving calibration working mode through different states of the switch according to a control command issued by the main control module, determining corresponding transmitting excitation signals and receiving echo signals under different working modes, and detecting the states of all transmitting channels or receiving channels and calibrating online; the power division network is used for carrying out power distribution on the emission excitation signal and carrying out power synthesis on the received echo signal; the wave control component is used for calculating a transmitting phase matching value and a transmitting amplitude control value of a transmitting excitation signal of each T/R component, and a receiving phase shifting value and a receiving gain control value of a receiving echo signal according to the issued control instruction, and sending the receiving phase shifting value and the receiving gain control value to the corresponding T/R component; the T/R components are used for carrying out power amplification on the transmitting excitation signal and the receiving echo signal to obtain an amplified transmitting signal and an amplified echo signal, and controlling the phases and the amplitudes of the transmitting excitation signal and the receiving echo signal; the antenna array surface is used for providing the radiation direction of the transmitted signal and the receiving direction of the echo signal; and the coupling waveguide is positioned between the antenna array surface and the T/R component and is used for coupling the transmitting signal to obtain a transmitting calibration signal and coupling the receiving calibration signal to the T/R component and the antenna array surface. Specifically, in this embodiment, the connection relationship between the antenna module and the other modules is shown in fig. 2.
In this embodiment, the power module is configured to supply power to each module, control the power module, and monitor a power consumption state of each module.
In this embodiment, the switching network is a microwave active component with 4 ports, as shown in fig. 3, including: the device comprises a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, a circulator and an attenuator, wherein all components are connected through an interconnection transmission line, and the flow direction of an internal radio frequency signal can be flexibly switched based on the control of a main control module. Specifically, the working principle of the switching network is as follows: in the working state, namely when a daily meteorological task is detected, a transmitting excitation signal output by the radio frequency module is output to the power division network through the first switch to the circulator, is further input to each T/R component for power amplification, radiates the transmitting signal into a space through the antenna array surface, and an echo signal of a meteorological target enters the receiving link through the circulator and the second switch. In the calibration state of the transmitting channel, the transmitting excitation signal output by the radio frequency module is output to the power division network through the first switch to the circulator, is further input to each T/R assembly for power amplification and is radiated into space through the antenna array surface, and meanwhile, a small part of energy is input to the switch network assembly through the coupling waveguide and enters the receiving link through the third switch and the second switch; in the receiving channel calibration state, the transmitting excitation signal output by the radio frequency module is fed into the front end of each T/R component through the first switch, the third switch and the coupling waveguide, amplified and then enters the receiving link along the circulator and the second switch. By way of example only, this is determined by the actual application scenario.
In this embodiment, the determining process of the coupling waveguide includes: two transverse slits are formed on the narrow side of the back face of the input end of the radiation waveguide, the positions of the transverse slits are continuously adjusted to obtain optimal signal coupling degree and isolation degree, and the coupling waveguide is obtained and comprises: a vertically polarized coupling waveguide and a horizontally polarized coupling waveguide. Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, two transverse slits are formed on the narrow side of the back surface of the input end of the radiation waveguide, and the coupling degree and the isolation degree can be adjusted by adjusting the positions of the two slits. The coupling property refers to the quantity of signals input from the input end of the coupling waveguide and coupled to the input end of the radiation waveguide when the channel is marked; conversely, if the transmit channel is calibrated, the signal enters from the input of the radiation waveguide, and is coupled to the input of the coupling waveguide. Similarly, isolation refers to how much of the radiation direction signal is input from the coupling waveguide input end and coupled to the radiation waveguide when the reception channel is calibrated; conversely, if the transmit channel is calibrated, the signal enters from the input end of the radiation waveguide and is coupled to the load end signal of the coupling waveguide. The design concept of the vertical polarization coupling waveguide is similar to that of the horizontal polarization coupling waveguide, a schematic diagram is shown in fig. 5, two transverse slits are formed on the narrow side of the back surface of the input end of the radiation single-ridge waveguide, and the coupling degree and the isolation degree can be adjusted by adjusting the positions of the two slits.
The invention aims to design an internal calibration network for the radar by combining a switch network and a coupling waveguide through a general component of the on-board phased array weather radar, so as to ensure the accuracy and the usability of the detection data of the phased array weather radar.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the method comprises: the radar of ground equipment shows accuse terminal and carries on the phased array weather radar on the airship platform, and both interact through the communication interface of communication link and airship, and phased array weather radar includes: the system comprises an antenna servo unit and a comprehensive electronic unit, wherein the antenna servo unit is arranged at the position of an airship nacelle, and the comprehensive electronic unit is arranged in the airship nacelle.
A power module, comprising: the system comprises a DC-DC power supply and an on-array secondary power supply, wherein the DC-DC power supply is used for supplying power to each module of the integrated electronic unit and monitoring the power utilization state; and the secondary power supply on the array is used for supplying power to each module of the antenna servo feeding unit and monitoring the power utilization state.
The main control module includes: the system comprises a comprehensive control assembly and a main control assembly, wherein the comprehensive control assembly is used for receiving a control instruction of a radar display control terminal and transmitting the control instruction to the main control assembly, receiving the analyzed control instruction of the main control assembly and transmitting the control instruction to each module, and receiving working states, important working parameters and fault information transmitted back by each module and transmitting the working states, important working parameters and fault information to the main control assembly and the radar display control terminal; the main control component is used for analyzing and processing the control instruction sent by the radar display control terminal, obtaining the analyzed control instruction and collecting and timing control of the state monitoring information of the whole system through the comprehensive control component.
A radio frequency module comprising: the system comprises a receiving assembly, a low phase noise frequency synthesis assembly, a signal generation assembly and a radio frequency front end, wherein the signal generation assembly is used for generating a transmitting excitation signal and sending the transmitting excitation signal to an antenna module through the radio frequency front end; the receiving component receives echo signals fed back by the antenna module through the radio frequency front end, performs down-conversion processing on the echo signals through low phase noise frequency synthesis, and sends the echo signals to the signal processing module.
A signal processing module, comprising: the system comprises a radio frequency module, a data acquisition component, a signal processor and a data storage unit, wherein the data acquisition component performs analog-to-digital sampling and digital down-conversion processing on a processed echo signal sent by the radio frequency module to generate a digital orthogonal video signal and transmits the digital orthogonal video signal to the signal processor, the signal processor extracts the digital orthogonal video signal to obtain an output result and feeds the output result back and transmits the output result to the main control component through the data acquisition component, and the data storage unit is used for locally storing the output result.
A servo module, comprising: the servo control assembly is used for driving the servo assembly to move in azimuth and pitch directions after calculating and processing the servo assembly according to a control instruction sent by the received main control assembly, and meanwhile, azimuth data and monitoring information corresponding to an antenna in the antenna array face are sent to the main control assembly through the comprehensive control assembly.
In practical application, the calibration system of the on-board phased array weather radar provided by the invention is used for weather detection besides calibration of a transmitting or receiving channel. The weather detection process comprises the following steps: the radar display control terminal sends corresponding control commands to the phased array weather radar and receives the output result of the weather target detected by the phased array weather radar according to the operation requirement of an operator; after the main control module of the phased array weather radar analyzes and processes according to the received control command, the corresponding module is controlled to conduct weather detection, obtain the output result of the weather target, and send the output result of the weather target to the radar display control terminal for display and storage. Specifically, according to a control instruction issued by a main control component in a main control module, an echo signal fed back by an antenna module is subjected to down-conversion by a radio frequency front end and a receiving component of the radio frequency module to form an intermediate frequency signal, the intermediate frequency signal is input into a data acquisition component of the radio frequency module, analog-to-digital (A/D) sampling and digital down-conversion processing are performed by the data acquisition component, a digital orthogonal video signal reflecting signal strength and phase information is generated, the digital orthogonal video signal is then sent to a signal processor of a signal processing module to perform digital video integration processing, pulse pair or fast Fourier transform and other processing on the signal, signal power (echo strength), radial speed, speed spectrum width, dual polarization parameters and the like of a meteorological target are output, information such as distance, azimuth and pitching of the meteorological target is extracted, and the output result parameters are sent to a radar display control terminal through a communication link to be displayed and stored, or a data storage unit of the signal processing module is supported to be stored locally.
According to the calibration system of the on-board phased array weather radar, only one coupling waveguide and one switch network component are added in the whole radar system, so that the complexity and the equipment weight of the system are not remarkably increased; the system can calibrate the performance change of each channel for transmitting and receiving one by one under remote control, realizes real-time calibration of the on-board phased array weather radar in a high-altitude environment, has convenient calibration execution and short time, can be used for calibrating the quasi-real-time reconfiguration parameters, and ensures the accuracy and the usability of the detection data of the phased array weather radar.
Example 2
The embodiment of the invention provides a calibration method of a ship-borne phased array weather radar, which comprises the following steps:
the radar display control terminal sends corresponding control instructions to the main control module through a communication link according to the operation requirements;
the main control module receives the control instruction of the radar display control terminal, analyzes and processes the control instruction and then transmits the control instruction to each module to acquire and control the time sequence of the state monitoring information of the whole system; generating a transmitting excitation signal by controlling the radio frequency module, sending the transmitting excitation signal to the antenna module, receiving an echo signal fed back by the antenna module, performing down-conversion processing on the echo signal, and sending the echo signal to the signal processing module; the antenna module is controlled to transmit the calibration working mode, receive the calibration working mode or compensate the calibration working mode after calibration, the corresponding amplitude and phase information of the transmission channel, the receiving channel or the compensation calibration after calibration of each T/R assembly is obtained, the calibration result is obtained through the processing of the radio frequency module and the signal processing module, and the calibration result, the working state and the parameter information are transmitted to the radar display control terminal.
In this embodiment, the process of obtaining the amplitude and phase information of the transmission channel of each T/R module includes: based on the control of the main control module, the emission excitation signal output by the radio frequency module excites the emission channel in the T/R assembly through the switch network and the power division network, obtains an emission coupling calibration signal after coupling through the coupling waveguide and feeds the emission coupling calibration signal into the radio frequency module through the switch network, and then the emission coupling calibration signal is converted into a digital signal through the signal processing module to complete the processing and extraction of the digital signal, so that the amplitude and phase information of the emission channel of each T/R assembly are obtained.
In this embodiment, the process of obtaining the amplitude and phase information of the receiving channel of each T/R module includes: based on the control of the main control module, the transmitting excitation signal output by the radio frequency module is coupled through the switch network and the coupling waveguide to obtain the receiving coupling calibration signal, the receiving calibration signal is fed into the receiving channel in the T/R assembly, the receiving calibration signal is fed into the radio frequency module through the power dividing network and the switch network, and then the receiving calibration signal is converted into a digital signal through the signal processing module to complete the processing and extraction of the digital signal, and the amplitude and phase information of the receiving channel of each T/R assembly are extracted.
In this embodiment, the process of determining the transmission or reception calibration data includes: after the radar completes debugging on the ground and the test of each technical index is qualified, calibrating the signals of each transmitting channel one by one to obtain the amplitude value and the phase value of each transmitting channel; subtracting the amplitude value of the 1 st channel from the amplitude value of each transmitting channel and subtracting the phase value of the 1 st channel from the phase value of each transmitting channel respectively to obtain amplitude difference values and phase difference values of the corresponding transmitting channels, and storing the amplitude difference values and the phase difference values as transmitting calibration reference data; and performing the same operation as the transmitting channel on each receiving channel to obtain the receiving calibration reference data.
In this embodiment, the process of obtaining the amplitude and phase information of the post-calibration compensation correction of each T/R component includes:
when the radar is carried on the airship platform and is in a transmitting or receiving calibration working mode, the radar display and control terminal sequentially remotely controls each T/R assembly to transmit or receive calibration channel by channel, and the transmitting or receiving amplitude value and the receiving phase value of each channel are recorded; and subtracting the corresponding amplitude of each channel from the amplitude of the 1 st channel, and subtracting the corresponding phase value of each channel from the phase value of the 1 st channel to obtain amplitude difference values and phase difference values of the corresponding transmission channels as real-time transmission calibration data or amplitude difference values and phase difference values of the corresponding receiving channels as real-time receiving calibration data;
comparing the real-time emission calibration data of each emission channel with corresponding emission calibration reference data to obtain a calibration difference value of each channel, compensating the real-time emission calibration data, and then using the real-time emission calibration data as an emission phase matching value and an emission amplitude control value which are sent to each T/R assembly by the wave control assembly to finish the calibration of the amplitude and phase information of each emission channel; and performing the same operation on each receiving channel as the transmitting channel to calibrate the amplitude and phase information of each receiving channel, and obtaining the amplitude and phase information of the corresponding calibrated compensation correction of each T/R component.
According to the calibration method for the on-board phased array weather radar, provided by the invention, the performance change of each channel transmitting and receiving can be calibrated one by one under remote control, so that finer real-time calibration of the on-board phased array weather radar in a high-altitude environment is realized, and the accuracy and usability of the detection data of the phased array weather radar are ensured.
It is apparent that the above examples are given by way of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications thereof are contemplated as falling within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A calibration system for a phased array weather radar onboard a boat, comprising:
the system comprises a radar display control terminal, a main control module, a radio frequency module, a signal processing module, an antenna module and a power supply module;
the radar display control terminal is used for sending corresponding control instructions to the main control module through a communication link according to operation requirements, receiving calibration results and working state and parameter information fed back by the main control module, and displaying and storing the calibration results and the working state and the parameter information;
the main control module is used for receiving and analyzing control instructions of the radar display control terminal, issuing the control instructions to each module to collect and control the time sequence of state monitoring information of the whole system, receiving calibration results and working state and parameter information transmitted back by each module, and transmitting the results to the radar display control terminal;
the radio frequency module is used for generating an echo signal which is transmitted to the antenna module and fed back by the antenna module, performing down-conversion treatment on the echo signal and then sending the echo signal to the signal processing module, and the signal processing module is used for extracting the echo signal processed by the radio frequency module after performing analog-digital sampling and digital down-conversion treatment to obtain a calibration result, and feeding the calibration result back to the main control module or performing local storage;
the antenna module includes: the antenna array surface, the coupling waveguide, a plurality of T/R components, a wave control component, a power division network and a switch network;
the switch network is used for switching into a transmitting calibration working mode or a receiving calibration working mode through different states of the switch according to a control command issued by the main control module, determining corresponding transmitting excitation signals and receiving echo signals under different working modes, and detecting the states of all transmitting channels or receiving channels and calibrating online;
the power division network is used for carrying out power distribution on the emission excitation signal and carrying out power synthesis on the received echo signal;
the wave control component is used for calculating a transmitting phase matching value and a transmitting amplitude control value of a transmitting excitation signal of each T/R component, and a receiving phase shifting value and a receiving gain control value of a receiving echo signal according to the issued control instruction, and sending the receiving phase shifting value and the receiving gain control value to the corresponding T/R component;
the T/R components are used for carrying out power amplification on the transmitting excitation signal and the receiving echo signal to obtain an amplified transmitting signal and an amplified echo signal, and controlling the phases and the amplitudes of the transmitting excitation signal and the receiving echo signal;
the antenna array surface is used for providing the radiation direction of the transmitted signal and the receiving direction of the echo signal;
the coupling waveguide is positioned between the antenna array surface and the T/R component and is used for coupling and outputting a transmitting signal to obtain a transmitting calibration signal and coupling a receiving calibration signal to the T/R component and the antenna array surface;
the power module is used for supplying power to each module, controlling the power module and monitoring the power utilization state of each module.
2. The calibration system of on-board phased array weather radar of claim 1, wherein the switching network is a microwave active module having 4 ports, comprising: the device comprises a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, a circulator and an attenuator, wherein all components are connected through an interconnection transmission line, and the flow direction of an internal radio frequency signal can be flexibly switched based on the control of a main control module.
3. The calibration system of the on-board phased array weather radar of claim 1, wherein the determining of the coupling waveguide comprises: two transverse slits are formed on the narrow side of the back face of the input end of the radiation waveguide, the positions of the transverse slits are continuously adjusted to obtain optimal signal coupling degree and isolation degree, and the coupling waveguide is obtained and comprises: a vertically polarized coupling waveguide and a horizontally polarized coupling waveguide.
4. The calibration system of on-board phased array weather radar of claim 1, wherein the control instructions comprise: the current working mode, the number of the current calibrated T/R assembly and the corrected amplitude and phase value of each T/R assembly; the working mode comprises the following steps: the method comprises a transmitting calibration working mode, a receiving calibration working mode and a compensating calibration working mode after calibration.
5. The calibration system of the on-board phased array weather radar of claim 1, wherein the calibration result is amplitude and phase information of each T/R component and amplitude and phase information of each T/R component after calibration compensation calibration.
6. A calibration method of a marine phased array weather radar, the calibration method being based on the calibration system of the marine phased array weather radar of any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising:
the radar display control terminal sends corresponding control instructions to the main control module through a communication link according to the operation requirements;
the main control module receives the control instruction of the radar display control terminal, analyzes and processes the control instruction and then transmits the control instruction to each module to acquire and control the time sequence of the state monitoring information of the whole system; generating a transmitting excitation signal by controlling the radio frequency module, sending the transmitting excitation signal to the antenna module, receiving an echo signal fed back by the antenna module, performing down-conversion processing on the echo signal, and sending the echo signal to the signal processing module; the antenna module is controlled to transmit the calibration working mode, receive the calibration working mode or compensate the calibration working mode after calibration, the corresponding amplitude and phase information of the transmission channel, the receiving channel or the compensation calibration after calibration of each T/R assembly is obtained, the calibration result is obtained through the processing of the radio frequency module and the signal processing module, and the calibration result, the working state and the parameter information are transmitted to the radar display control terminal.
7. The calibration method of the on-board phased array weather radar of claim 6, wherein the process of obtaining the amplitude and phase information of the transmitting channel of each T/R assembly comprises: based on the control of the main control module, the emission excitation signal output by the radio frequency module excites the emission channel in the T/R assembly through the switch network and the power division network, obtains an emission coupling calibration signal after coupling through the coupling waveguide and feeds the emission coupling calibration signal into the radio frequency module through the switch network, and then the emission coupling calibration signal is converted into a digital signal through the signal processing module to complete the processing and extraction of the digital signal, so that the amplitude and phase information of the emission channel of each T/R assembly are obtained.
8. The calibration method of the on-board phased array weather radar of claim 6, wherein the process of obtaining the amplitude and phase information of the receiving channel of each T/R assembly comprises: based on the control of the main control module, the transmitting excitation signal output by the radio frequency module is coupled through the switch network and the coupling waveguide to obtain the receiving coupling calibration signal, the receiving calibration signal is fed into the receiving channel in the T/R assembly, the receiving calibration signal is fed into the radio frequency module through the power dividing network and the switch network, and then the receiving calibration signal is converted into a digital signal through the signal processing module to complete the processing and extraction of the digital signal, and the amplitude and phase information of the receiving channel of each T/R assembly are extracted.
9. The calibration method of on-board phased array weather radar according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the process of obtaining the amplitude and phase information of the post-calibration compensation calibration of each T/R-component comprises:
when the radar is carried on the airship platform and is in a transmitting or receiving calibration working mode, the radar display and control terminal sequentially remotely controls each T/R assembly to transmit or receive calibration channel by channel, and the transmitting or receiving amplitude value and the receiving phase value of each channel are recorded; and subtracting the corresponding amplitude of each channel from the amplitude of the 1 st channel, and subtracting the corresponding phase value of each channel from the phase value of the 1 st channel to obtain amplitude difference values and phase difference values of the corresponding transmission channels as real-time transmission calibration data or amplitude difference values and phase difference values of the corresponding receiving channels as real-time receiving calibration data;
comparing the real-time emission calibration data of each emission channel with corresponding emission calibration reference data to obtain a calibration difference value of each channel, compensating the real-time emission calibration data, and then using the real-time emission calibration data as an emission phase matching value and an emission amplitude control value which are sent to each T/R assembly by the wave control assembly to finish the calibration of the amplitude and phase information of each emission channel; and performing the same operation on each receiving channel as the transmitting channel to calibrate the amplitude and phase information of each receiving channel, and obtaining the amplitude and phase information of the corresponding calibrated compensation correction of each T/R component.
10. The method of calibrating a phased array weather radar on board of claim 9, wherein the determining of the transmit or receive calibration reference data comprises: after the radar completes debugging on the ground and the test of each technical index is qualified, calibrating the signals of each transmitting channel one by one to obtain the amplitude value and the phase value of each transmitting channel; subtracting the amplitude value of the 1 st channel from the amplitude value of each transmitting channel and subtracting the phase value of the 1 st channel from the phase value of each transmitting channel respectively to obtain amplitude difference values and phase difference values of the corresponding transmitting channels, and storing the amplitude difference values and the phase difference values as transmitting calibration reference data; and performing the same operation as the transmitting channel on each receiving channel to obtain the receiving calibration reference data.
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