CN115530000A - Method for slope greening in high and cold areas by using underground seed bank - Google Patents
Method for slope greening in high and cold areas by using underground seed bank Download PDFInfo
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- CN115530000A CN115530000A CN202211401498.3A CN202211401498A CN115530000A CN 115530000 A CN115530000 A CN 115530000A CN 202211401498 A CN202211401498 A CN 202211401498A CN 115530000 A CN115530000 A CN 115530000A
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- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
- A01K67/0332—Earthworms
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for greening a side slope in a high and cold area by utilizing an underground seed bank, which specifically comprises the steps of repairing the slope; preparing soil matrix of an underground seed bank; mixing prepared soil matrixes of the underground seed bank according to a proportion for later use; treatment for repairing the slope; uniformly spraying the soil matrix of the seed bank on the treated restoration slope surface by using a spraying-sowing machine; covering the surface of the restored slope surface after spray seeding with a biological straw biological blanket, overlapping adjacent parts by 10cm, and fixing the periphery with a U-shaped card; watering and maintaining in the morning and evening every day, watering is not needed after 60 days, and watering is only needed for 2 times in the early winter and the early spring, so that the rationality and diversity of establishing a natural community by artificial ecological restoration are realized to the maximum extent by utilizing an underground seed bank, the invasion of foreign species is reduced, and the improvement of the underground biological environment has the characteristic of long-term stable restoration for the restoration of natural ecology; the problems of low content and insufficient quantity of soil source organic matters after the surface layer can be stripped before engineering construction in alpine regions are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ecological restoration in alpine regions, in particular to a method for slope greening in alpine regions by using an underground seed bank.
Background
With the increase of national construction investment in alpine regions, natural vegetation is destroyed in construction engineering, the slope of roads, railways and mines is exposed on the ground surface, water and soil are lost, a large number of exposed wound surfaces are formed, large-area convex spots are exposed, and the natural landscape is influenced; in the prior art, the conventional use method of the foreign soil spray seeding method can effectively achieve the coverage of vegetation, but has the problems of foreign species invasion, single artificial selection species of vegetation species, high maintenance cost and long-term easy degradation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for slope greening in alpine regions by utilizing an underground seed bank, which solves the problems that in the prior art, ecological restoration in the alpine regions is single in species, is difficult to invade by foreign species and is overhigh in maintenance cost after being restored by adopting a general method.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a method for slope greening in alpine regions by utilizing an underground seed bank specifically comprises the following steps:
step A: repairing the slope surface, removing loose stones, and adopting a high-pressure water gun to wash and combine artificial danger removal;
and B, step B: preparing soil matrix of an underground seed bank;
and C: 3-5kg of water-retaining agent, 2-3kg of adhesive, 250-350kg of plant fiber and 30-50kg of mineralized humic acid are added into each ton of prepared soil matrix of the underground seed bank according to a proportion, and the mixture is mixed with water and stirred for 1 hour for later use;
step D: spraying a mixed solution of monopotassium phosphate and water on a slope surface to be repaired in half a day in advance, and pouring the mixed solution to 20-25 cm below the ground surface, wherein the water content reaches 40-50%, and the concentration of the monopotassium phosphate and the water is 1: mixing at a ratio of 500;
step E: d, uniformly spraying the seed bank soil matrix prepared by mixing in the step C on the repaired slope surface treated in the step D by using a spraying machine, wherein the spraying thickness is 2-5cm;
step F: the using density of the sprayed and sowed repaired slope surface is 350g/m 2 The biological straw biological blanket is covered, the adjacent parts are lapped by 10cm, and the periphery is fixed by a U-shaped card;
g: watering and maintaining in the morning and evening every day, and watering for 2 times in the early winter and the early spring without watering after 60 days.
Further, the method for preparing the soil matrix of the underground seed bank in the step B specifically comprises the following steps:
(a) Stripping 10cm-30cm below the surface vegetation to serve as source soil containing an underground seed bank;
(b) Mixing source soil and slag soil or broken stone according to a mass ratio of 1;
(c) And (c) adding water to (b): mixing the mixed base materials according to a volume ratio of 1 to 3-4, lifting stones with the diameter of more than 4mm along with stirring and sinking the bottom by a screw conveyor and a vertical bucket elevator to be discharged out of a mixing bin, keeping the mixture of particles with the diameter of less than 4mm and soil, conveying the mixture into a soil matrix preparation area by a slurry pump, and conveying stones with the diameter of more than 4mm and less than 6mm and clay blocks into a matched stone crusher for crushing by the vertical bucket elevator for utilization;
(d) Under the air temperature environment with the air temperature not lower than 5 ℃, particles with the diameter smaller than 4mm and soil mixed materials are piled according to the specification of 8m 2m, and 80kg of organic bacterial fertilizer of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, 40kg of organic bacterial fertilizer of silicate, 200kg of crushed dry leaf litter organic matter and arbor and shrub seeds and 100kg of organic matter of special small double-breast earthworm eggs in alpine mountain areas are added into each ton of the mixed materials in proportion;
(e) And covering the periphery of the formed mixed material pile by using a straw curtain, sealing, pouring water once before ten points in the morning every day, and stacking for more than seven days to be used as soil matrix of the underground seed bank.
Further, the organic matters of the special small double-breast earthworm eggs in the alpine-alpine mountain areas in the step (d) are cultivated by collecting local euproctolagic earthworms in a Szechwan Congtze second bridge, local small double-breast earthworms with the body length larger than 60mm and the body width larger than 2mm are selected as breeding samples, the environment temperature is kept to be higher than 20 ℃, humus soil with the thickness of 30cm is used as a breeding bed in the environment with the humidity larger than 70%, cow dung and straw scraps are put on the surface layer to serve as earthworm feeds, the collected small double-breast earthworms are put in, the soil is kept moist, and the adult earthworms containing the small double-breast earthworms and the eggs are prepared into the organic matters of the special small double-breast earthworm eggs in the alpine mountain areas after twenty days.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the construction is simple and convenient, and the restriction is small;
2. the underground seed bank realizes the rationality and diversity of establishing a natural community by artificial ecological restoration to the maximum extent, reduces the invasion of foreign species, and has the characteristic of long-term stable restoration for the restoration of natural ecology by improving the underground biological environment; the problems of low content and insufficient quantity of soil source organic matters after the surface layer can be stripped before engineering construction in the alpine region are solved;
3. the underground seed bank is supplemented with biological regulation and other organic matters and native grass irrigation seeds to prepare improved soil, and the ecological restoration of the diversity of the native seeds is realized by matching with the germination of the underground seeds.
4. The exposed surface of the engineering wound surface in the alpine region can be naturally recovered, and the invasion of foreign species is reduced to the maximum extent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a soil matrix preparation device for a subsurface seed bank according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a subsurface seed bank hierarchy.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below.
The invention relates to a method for greening side slopes in alpine regions by utilizing an underground seed bank, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step A: repairing the slope surface, removing loose stones, and adopting a high-pressure water gun to wash and combine artificial danger removal;
and B: preparing soil matrix of an underground seed bank;
step C: 3kg of water-retaining agent, 2kg of adhesive, 250kg of plant fiber and 30kg of mineralized humic acid are proportionally added into each ton of prepared soil matrix of the underground seed bank, and water is added into the mixture to be stirred for 1 hour for later use;
step D: spraying a mixed solution of monopotassium phosphate and water on the slope surface to be repaired in half a day in advance, pouring the mixed solution to 20cm below the ground surface, wherein the water content reaches 40%, and the concentration of the monopotassium phosphate and the water is 1: mixing at a ratio of 500;
and E, step E: d, uniformly spraying the seed bank soil matrix prepared by mixing in the step C on the repaired slope surface treated in the step D by using a spraying machine, wherein the spraying thickness is 2cm;
step F: the using density of the sprayed and sowed repaired slope surface is 350g/m 2 The biological straw biological blanket is covered, the adjacent parts are overlapped for 10cm, and the periphery is fixed by a U-shaped card;
g: watering and maintaining in the morning and evening every day, and watering for 2 times in the early winter and the early spring without watering after 60 days.
The preparation method of the soil matrix of the underground seed bank comprises the following steps:
(a) Stripping 10-30cm below the surface vegetation to serve as source soil containing an underground seed bank;
according to an ecological restoration method in alpine regions, soil layers within 10cm of the ground surface are preferentially stripped to serve as the off-site turf, and the remaining underground soil layers within 20cm serve as mixed source soil rich in an underground seed bank; the size of the underground seeds gradually decreases from top to bottom, more than 60% of the soil seeds are generally concentrated in the area A, and more than 40% of the soil seeds are concentrated in the area B, which is shown in a layered schematic diagram of an underground seed bank in FIG. 3;
(b) Mixing source soil and slag soil or broken stone according to a mass ratio of 1;
(c) And (c) adding water to (b): mixing the mixed base materials according to a volume ratio of 1;
(d) Under the air temperature environment with the air temperature not lower than 5 ℃, particles with the diameter smaller than 4mm and soil mixed materials are piled according to the specification of 8m x 2m, 80kg of organic bacterial fertilizer of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, 40kg of organic bacterial fertilizer of silicate, 200kg of crushed dry leaf litter organic matter, arbor and shrub seeds and 100kg of organic matter of special tiny double-breast earthworm eggs in alpine mountain areas are added into each ton of the mixed materials in proportion; the silicate bacteria are used for separating the insoluble P and K in the soil to be absorbed by the hair roots of the plants, so as to improve the soil; the arbuscular root fungi are utilized to promote the plant root system to absorb nutrients, the good symbiosis with rhizosphere flora is realized, the plant stress resistance is improved, the biological friendly environment of 20cm below the ground surface is established by utilizing the activity of the earthworms, and the soluble nitrogen content of the lower soil layer is increased;
(e) And covering the periphery of the formed mixed material pile by using a straw curtain, sealing, pouring water once before ten points in the morning every day, and stacking for more than seven days to be used as soil matrix of the underground seed bank.
The organic matter of the special small double-breast earthworm eggs in the alpine mountain area is cultured by collecting local euproctolytic earthworms in a Kangding two-channel bridge in Sichuan, local small double-breast earthworms with the body length of more than 60mm and the body width of more than 2mm are selected as breeding samples, under the environment that the environmental temperature is kept to be higher than 20 ℃ and the humidity is kept to be more than 70%, humus soil with the thickness of 30cm is used as a breeding bed, cow dung and straw powder are put on the surface layer to be used as earthworm feed, the collected small double-breast earthworms are put in the breeding bed to keep the soil moist, and after twenty days, the organic matter containing the imagoes of the small double-breast earthworms and the eggs of the small double-breast earthworm eggs in the alpine mountain area is prepared.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the device for preparing the soil matrix of the underground seed bank in the step B comprises a sliding screen 1, a mixing bin, a double-shaft stirrer 4, a spiral conveyor 5 and a vertical bucket elevator 3; soil of a soil layer 10-30cm below the ground surface (with surface vegetation already peeled off) is selected and poured into a sliding sieve 1, the soil is separated by the sliding sieve 1 in the first step, stones and solid impurities which are mixed in the soil and have a diameter of more than 10cm are mixed, the mixed soil enters a mixing bin after being screened, water is added for stirring, and the water is added until the water exceeds the stirring shaft of a double-shaft stirrer 4 by 20 cm; after full stirring, stones larger than 4mm and smaller than 6mm can be precipitated and mixed with the bottom of the bin, and the stones are lifted out of the bin through a screw conveyor 5 and a vertical bucket elevator 3 and discharged; the particles and soil with the particle size smaller than 4mm and the muddy water mixture in the mixing bin are taken as soil matrix and pumped out by a mud pump to be conveyed into a soil matrix preparation area for standby application, and the method effectively realizes soil-stone separation of the cohesive soil.
The invention solves the problem of difficult ecological restoration of the engineering wound surface in the alpine region, experimental construction is carried out at the altitude of 3200 meters in a standard section in 6 months in 2021, ten groups of samples are taken after a half-year observation period, and the preset effects are achieved under the condition that the engineering wound surface is damaged by planting through data verification, as shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from table 1, by effectively implementing ecological restoration of indigenous species by using the underground seed bank, diversity of indigenous species of plant community is ensured, invasion of foreign species can be minimized, and sustainable development of ecological restoration is achieved.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method for slope greening in alpine regions by using an underground seed bank is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step A: repairing slope surface, removing loose stone, adopting high-pressure water gun to wash and combining with artificial danger removal
And B: preparing soil matrix of an underground seed bank;
step C: 3-5kg of water-retaining agent, 2-3kg of adhesive, 250-350kg of plant fiber and 30-50kg of mineralized humic acid are added into each ton of prepared soil matrix of the underground seed bank according to a proportion, and the mixture is mixed with water and stirred for 1 hour for later use;
step D: spraying a mixed solution of monopotassium phosphate and water on the slope surface to be repaired in half a day in advance, pouring the mixed solution to the position 20-25 cm below the ground surface, wherein the water content reaches 40-50%, and the concentration of the monopotassium phosphate and the water is 1: mixing at a ratio of 500;
step E: d, uniformly spraying the seed bank soil matrix prepared by mixing in the step C on the repaired slope surface treated in the step D by using a spray sowing machine, wherein the spray sowing thickness is 2-5cm;
step F: the using density of the sprayed and sowed repaired slope surface is 350g/m 2 The biological straw biological blanket is covered, the adjacent parts are overlapped for 10cm, and the periphery is fixed by a U-shaped card;
step G: watering and maintaining in the morning and evening every day, and watering for 2 times in the early winter and the early spring without watering after 60 days.
2. The method for slope greening in alpine regions by using the underground seed bank as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the preparation of the soil matrix of the underground seed bank in the step B specifically comprises the following steps:
(a) Stripping 10cm-30cm below the surface vegetation to serve as source soil containing an underground seed bank;
(b) Mixing source soil and slag soil or broken stone according to a mass ratio of 1;
(c) And (c) adding water to (b): the mixed base materials are mixed according to the volume ratio of 1 to 3-4, stones with the diameter larger than 4mm are lifted by a screw conveyor and a vertical bucket elevator along with stirring and bottom sinking to be discharged out of a mixing bin, the mixture of particles with the volume diameter smaller than 4mm and soil is kept in a suspension mode after being stirred through different water-stone specific gravity and then is sent into a soil matrix preparation area through a slurry pump, and stones with the diameter larger than 4mm and smaller than 6mm and clay blocks are sent into a matched stone crusher through the vertical bucket elevator to be crushed and then are utilized;
(d) Under the air temperature environment with the air temperature not lower than 5 ℃, the sediment mixture is piled according to the specification of 8m 2m, and then 80kg of organic bacterial fertilizer of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, 40kg of organic bacterial fertilizer of silicate, 200kg of crushed organic matters of withered leaves and litter, rural soil arbor and shrub seeds and 100kg of organic matters of special tiny double-breast earthworm eggs in alpine mountain areas are added into each ton of mixture in proportion;
(e) And covering the periphery of the formed mixed material pile by using a straw curtain, sealing, pouring water once before ten points in the morning every day, and stacking for more than seven days to be used as soil matrix of the underground seed bank.
3. The method for slope greening in alpine regions by using the underground seed bank as claimed in claim 2, wherein: and (d) collecting local euproctolagic earthworms for cultivation in a Szechwan Kangding second-pass bridge, selecting local small double-breast earthworms with the body length of more than 60mm and the body width of more than 2mm as a reproduction sample, keeping the environment temperature higher than 20 ℃ and the humidity of more than 70%, using 30-centimeter thick humus soil as a breeding bed, putting cow dung and straw powder as earthworm feeds on the surface layer, putting the collected small double-breast earthworms, keeping the soil moist, and preparing the adult containing the small double-breast earthworms and the eggs as the organic matters of the special small double-breast earthworm eggs in the alpine mountainous area twenty days later.
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CN106900195A (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2017-06-30 | 河海大学 | One kind fetches earth an ecological restoring method |
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CN110622643A (en) * | 2019-10-12 | 2019-12-31 | 中水东北勘测设计研究有限责任公司 | Ecological restoration method for rock slope in high-latitude severe cold region |
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CN111448953A (en) * | 2020-04-11 | 2020-07-28 | 甘肃汇丰生态建设工程有限公司 | Method for ecological restoration of abrupt slope by using biological bacteria humus |
CN111615879A (en) * | 2020-07-04 | 2020-09-04 | 江西省林业科学院 | Method for improving and repairing hard revetment vegetation based on soil seed bank |
US20220145569A1 (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2022-05-12 | Jiangsu Lvyan Ecological Technology Co., Ltd. | Slope repair method |
CN216615893U (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2022-05-27 | 张建新 | Concrete and rock slope ecological remediation afforestation structure |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN106900195A (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2017-06-30 | 河海大学 | One kind fetches earth an ecological restoring method |
CN109258332A (en) * | 2018-10-08 | 2019-01-25 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | A kind of method of arid-desert area large area after-culture soil seed bank, soil seed pool |
CN109757275A (en) * | 2019-02-15 | 2019-05-17 | 山西省第五地质工程勘察院 | High gradient slope rock covers green middle species breeding technique |
US20220145569A1 (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2022-05-12 | Jiangsu Lvyan Ecological Technology Co., Ltd. | Slope repair method |
CN110622643A (en) * | 2019-10-12 | 2019-12-31 | 中水东北勘测设计研究有限责任公司 | Ecological restoration method for rock slope in high-latitude severe cold region |
CN111185469A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-05-22 | 厦门海石生态环境股份有限公司 | Abandoned mine restoration method based on biological habitat restoration |
CN111448953A (en) * | 2020-04-11 | 2020-07-28 | 甘肃汇丰生态建设工程有限公司 | Method for ecological restoration of abrupt slope by using biological bacteria humus |
CN111615879A (en) * | 2020-07-04 | 2020-09-04 | 江西省林业科学院 | Method for improving and repairing hard revetment vegetation based on soil seed bank |
CN216615893U (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2022-05-27 | 张建新 | Concrete and rock slope ecological remediation afforestation structure |
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